1
|
Matsuura K, Inaba H. Photoresponsive peptide materials: Spatiotemporal control of self-assembly and biological functions. BIOPHYSICS REVIEWS 2023; 4:041303. [PMID: 38505425 PMCID: PMC10903425 DOI: 10.1063/5.0179171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Peptides work as both functional molecules to modulate various biological phenomena and self-assembling artificial materials. The introduction of photoresponsive units to peptides allows the spatiotemporal remote control of their structure and function upon light irradiation. This article overviews the photoresponsive peptide design, interaction with biomolecules, and applications in self-assembling materials over the last 30 years. Peptides modified with photochromic (photoisomerizable) molecules, such as azobenzene and spiropyran, reversibly photo-controlled the binding to biomolecules and nanostructure formation through self-assembly. Photocleavable molecular units irreversibly control the functions of peptides through cleavage of the main chain and deprotection by light. Photocrosslinking between peptides or between peptides and other biomolecules enhances the structural stability of peptide assemblies and complexes. These photoresponsive peptides spatiotemporally controlled the formation and dissociation of peptide assemblies, gene expressions, protein-drug interactions, protein-protein interactions, liposome deformation and motility, cytoskeleton structure and stability, and cell functions by appropriate light irradiation. These molecular systems can be applied to photo-control biological functions, molecular robots, artificial cells, and next-generation smart drug delivery materials.
Collapse
|
2
|
Perrot A, Wang WZ, Buhler E, Moulin E, Giuseppone N. Bending Actuation of Hydrogels through Rotation of Light-Driven Molecular Motors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202300263. [PMID: 36715696 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202300263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The unidirectional rotation of chemically crosslinked light-driven molecular motors is shown to progressively shift the swelling equilibrium of hydrogels. The concentration of molecular motors and the initial strand density of the polymer network are key parameters to modulate the macroscopic contraction of the material, and both parameters can be tuned using polymer chains of different molecular weights. These findings led to the design of optimized hydrogels revealing a half-time contraction of approximately 5 min. Furthermore, under inhomogeneous stimulation, the local contraction event was exploited to design useful bending actuators with an energy output 400 times higher than for previously reported self-assembled systems involving rotary motors. In the present configuration, we measure that a single molecular motor can lift up loads of 200 times its own molecular weight.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Perrot
- SAMS Research Group, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Charles Sadron UPR 22, 67000, Strasbourg, France.,School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Wen-Zhi Wang
- SAMS Research Group, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Charles Sadron UPR 22, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Eric Buhler
- Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), UMR CNRS 7057, Université Paris Cité, Bâtiment Condorcet, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Emilie Moulin
- SAMS Research Group, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Charles Sadron UPR 22, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Nicolas Giuseppone
- SAMS Research Group, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Charles Sadron UPR 22, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Volarić J, Thallmair S, Feringa BL, Szymanski W. Photoswitchable, Water‐soluble Bis‐azobenzene Cross‐linkers with Enhanced Properties for Biological Applications. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.202200170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jana Volarić
- University of Groningen: Rijksuniversiteit Groningen Stratingh Institute for Chemistry NETHERLANDS
| | - Sebastian Thallmair
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies GERMANY
| | - Ben L. Feringa
- University of Groningen: Rijksuniversiteit Groningen Stratingh Institute for Chemistry NETHERLANDS
| | - Wiktor Szymanski
- University Medical Center Groningen Department of Radiology Hanzeplein 1 9747AG Groningen NETHERLANDS
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jeong M, Park J, Seo Y, Lee KJ, Pramanik S, Ahn S, Kwon S. Hydrazone Photoswitches for Structural Modulation of Short Peptides. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202103972. [PMID: 34962683 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Molecules that undergo light-driven structural transformations constitute the core components in photoswitchable molecular systems and materials. Among various families of photoswitches, photochromic hydrazones have recently emerged as a novel class of photoswitches with superb properties, such as high photochemical conversion, spectral tunability, thermal stability, and fatigue resistance. Hydrazone photoswitches have been adopted in various adaptive materials at different length scales, however, their utilization for modulating biomolecules still has not been explored. Herein we present new hydrazone switches that can photomodulate the structures of short peptides. Systematic investigation on a set of hydrazone derivatives revealed that installation of the amide group does not significantly alter the photoswitching behaviors. Importantly, a hydrazone switch comprising an upper phenyl ring and a lower quinolinyl ring was effective for structural control of peptides. We anticipate that this work, as a new milestone in the research of hydrazone switches, will open a new avenue for structural and functional control of biomolecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Myeongsu Jeong
- Chung-Ang University - Seoul Campus: Chung-Ang University, Department of Chemistry, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Jiyoon Park
- Chung-Ang University - Seoul Campus: Chung-Ang University, Department of Chemistry, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Yejin Seo
- Chung-Ang University - Seoul Campus: Chung-Ang University, Department of Chemistry, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Kwon Jung Lee
- Chung-Ang University - Seoul Campus: Chung-Ang University, Department of Chemistry, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Susnata Pramanik
- SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, INDIA
| | - Sangdoo Ahn
- Chung-Ang University - Seoul Campus: Chung-Ang University, Department of Chemistry, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Sunbum Kwon
- Chung-Ang University, Chemistry, 84 Heukseok-ro, Bldg106 Rm401-2, 06974, Seoul, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Volarić J, Szymanski W, Simeth NA, Feringa BL. Molecular photoswitches in aqueous environments. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:12377-12449. [PMID: 34590636 PMCID: PMC8591629 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00547a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Molecular photoswitches enable dynamic control of processes with high spatiotemporal precision, using light as external stimulus, and hence are ideal tools for different research areas spanning from chemical biology to smart materials. Photoswitches are typically organic molecules that feature extended aromatic systems to make them responsive to (visible) light. However, this renders them inherently lipophilic, while water-solubility is of crucial importance to apply photoswitchable organic molecules in biological systems, like in the rapidly emerging field of photopharmacology. Several strategies for solubilizing organic molecules in water are known, but there are not yet clear rules for applying them to photoswitchable molecules. Importantly, rendering photoswitches water-soluble has a serious impact on both their photophysical and biological properties, which must be taken into consideration when designing new systems. Altogether, these aspects pose considerable challenges for successfully applying molecular photoswitches in aqueous systems, and in particular in biologically relevant media. In this review, we focus on fully water-soluble photoswitches, such as those used in biological environments, in both in vitro and in vivo studies. We discuss the design principles and prospects for water-soluble photoswitches to inspire and enable their future applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jana Volarić
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty for Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Wiktor Szymanski
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty for Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nadja A Simeth
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty for Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Institute for Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Tammannstr. 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ben L Feringa
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty for Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hao T, Yang Y, Liang W, Fan C, Wang X, Wu W, Chen X, Fu H, Chen H, Yang C. Trace mild acid-catalysed Z → E isomerization of norbornene-fused stilbene derivatives: intelligent chiral molecular photoswitches with controllable self-recovery. Chem Sci 2020; 12:2614-2622. [PMID: 34164029 PMCID: PMC8179340 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc05213b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Stilbene derivatives have long been known to undergo “acid-catalyzed” Z → E isomerization, where a strong mineral acid at high concentration is practically necessary. Such severe reaction conditions often cause undesired by-reactions and limit their potential application. Herein, we present a trace mild acid-catalyzed Z → E isomerization found with stilbene derivatives fused with a norbornene moiety. By-reactions, such as the migration of the C
Created by potrace 1.16, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2019
]]>
C double bond and electrophilic addition reactions, were completely inhibited because of the ring strain caused by the fused norbornene component. Direct photolysis of the E isomers at selected wavelengths led to the E → Z photoisomerization of these stilbene derivatives and thus constituted a unique class of molecular switches orthogonally controllable by light and acid. The catalytic amount of acid could be readily removed, and the Z → E isomerization could be controlled by turning on/off the irradiation of a photoacid, which allowed repeated isomerization in a non-invasive manner. Moreover, the Z isomer produced by photoisomerization could spontaneously self-recover to the E isomer in the presence of a catalytic amount of acid. The kinetics of Z → E isomerization were adjustable by manipulating catalytic factors and, therefore, unprecedented molecular photoswitches with adjustable self-recovery were realized. Quantitative Z → E isomerization was catalyzed by trace mild acids to offer molecular switches orthogonally controllable by acid and light.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taotao Hao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University 29 Wangjiang Road Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Yongsheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University 29 Wangjiang Road Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Wenting Liang
- Institute of Environmental Science, Department of Chemistry, Shanxi University Taiyuan 030006 China
| | - Chunying Fan
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University 29 Wangjiang Road Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University 29 Wangjiang Road Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Wanhua Wu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University 29 Wangjiang Road Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Xiaochuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University 29 Wangjiang Road Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Haiyan Fu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University 29 Wangjiang Road Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Hua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University 29 Wangjiang Road Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Cheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University 29 Wangjiang Road Chengdu 610064 China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Xu J, Miyamoto S, Tojo S, Kawai K. Sulfonated Pyrene as a Photoregulator for Single‐Stranded DNA Looping. Chemistry 2020; 26:5075-5084. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xu
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (SANKEN)Osaka University Mihogaoka 8-1 Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047 Japan
| | - Shunichi Miyamoto
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (SANKEN)Osaka University Mihogaoka 8-1 Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047 Japan
| | - Sachiko Tojo
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (SANKEN)Osaka University Mihogaoka 8-1 Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047 Japan
| | - Kiyohiko Kawai
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (SANKEN)Osaka University Mihogaoka 8-1 Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dattler D, Fuks G, Heiser J, Moulin E, Perrot A, Yao X, Giuseppone N. Design of Collective Motions from Synthetic Molecular Switches, Rotors, and Motors. Chem Rev 2019; 120:310-433. [PMID: 31869214 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Precise control over molecular movement is of fundamental and practical importance in physics, biology, and chemistry. At nanoscale, the peculiar functioning principles and the synthesis of individual molecular actuators and machines has been the subject of intense investigations and debates over the past 60 years. In this review, we focus on the design of collective motions that are achieved by integrating, in space and time, several or many of these individual mechanical units together. In particular, we provide an in-depth look at the intermolecular couplings used to physically connect a number of artificial mechanically active molecular units such as photochromic molecular switches, nanomachines based on mechanical bonds, molecular rotors, and light-powered rotary motors. We highlight the various functioning principles that can lead to their collective motion at various length scales. We also emphasize how their synchronized, or desynchronized, mechanical behavior can lead to emerging functional properties and to their implementation into new active devices and materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Damien Dattler
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
| | - Gad Fuks
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
| | - Joakim Heiser
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
| | - Emilie Moulin
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
| | - Alexis Perrot
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
| | - Xuyang Yao
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
| | - Nicolas Giuseppone
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
García-López V, Liu D, Tour JM. Light-Activated Organic Molecular Motors and Their Applications. Chem Rev 2019; 120:79-124. [PMID: 31849216 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Molecular motors are at the heart of cellular machinery, and they are involved in converting chemical and light energy inputs into efficient mechanical work. From a synthetic perspective, the most advanced molecular motors are rotators that are activated by light wherein a molecular subcomponent rotates unidirectionally around an axis. The mechanical work produced by arrays of molecular motors can be used to induce a macroscopic effect. Light activation offers advantages over biological chemically activated molecular motors because one can direct precise spatiotemporal inputs while conducting reactions in the gas phase, in solution and in vacuum, while generating no chemical byproducts or waste. In this review, we describe the origins of the first light-activated rotary motors and their modes of function, the structural modifications that led to newer motor designs with optimized rotary properties at variable activation wavelengths. Presented are molecular motor attachments to surfaces, their insertion into supramolecular structures and photomodulating materials, their use in catalysis, and their action in biological environments to produce exciting new prospects for biomedicine.
Collapse
|
10
|
Peddie V, Abell AD. Photocontrol of peptide secondary structure through non-azobenzene photoswitches. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
11
|
Albert L, Vázquez O. Photoswitchable peptides for spatiotemporal control of biological functions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:10192-10213. [PMID: 31411602 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc03346g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Light is unsurpassed in its ability to modulate biological interactions. Since their discovery, chemists have been fascinated by photosensitive molecules capable of switching between isomeric forms, known as photoswitches. Photoswitchable peptides have been recognized for many years; however, their functional implementation in biological systems has only recently been achieved. Peptides are now acknowledged as excellent protein-protein interaction modulators and have been important in the emergence of photopharmacology. In this review, we briefly explain the different classes of photoswitches and summarize structural studies when they are incorporated into peptides. Importantly, we provide a detailed overview of the rapidly increasing number of examples, where biological modulation is driven by the structural changes. Furthermore, we discuss some of the remaining challenges faced in this field. These exciting proof-of-principle studies highlight the tremendous potential of photocontrollable peptides as optochemical tools for chemical biology and biomedicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lea Albert
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35043, Marburg, Germany.
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
Molecular motors are Nature's solution for (supra)molecular transport and muscle functioning and are involved in most forms of directional motion at the cellular level. Their synthetic counterparts have also found a myriad of applications, ranging from molecular machines and smart materials to catalysis and anion transport. Although light-driven rotary molecular motors are likely to be suitable for use in an artificial cell, as well as in bionanotechnology, thus far they are not readily applied under physiological conditions. This results mainly from their inherently aromatic core structure, which makes them insoluble in aqueous solution. Here, the study of the dynamic behavior of these motors in biologically relevant media is described. Two molecular motors were equipped with solubilizing substituents and studied in aqueous solutions. Additionally, the behavior of a previously reported molecular motor was studied in micelles, as a model system for the biologically relevant confined environment. Design principles were established for molecular motors in these media, and insights are given into pH-dependent behavior. The work presented herein may provide a basis for the application of the remarkable properties of molecular motors in more advanced biohybrid systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anouk S Lubbe
- Center for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Christian Böhmer
- Center for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Filippo Tosi
- Center for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Wiktor Szymanski
- Center for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands.,Department of Radiology , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Hanzeplein 1 , 9713 GZ Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Ben L Feringa
- Center for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lubbe AS, Liu Q, Smith SJ, de Vries JW, Kistemaker JCM, de Vries AH, Faustino I, Meng Z, Szymanski W, Herrmann A, Feringa BL. Photoswitching of DNA Hybridization Using a Molecular Motor. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:5069-5076. [PMID: 29551069 PMCID: PMC5909178 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b09476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Reversible control
over the functionality of biological systems
via external triggers may be used in future medicine to reduce the
need for invasive procedures. Additionally, externally regulated biomacromolecules
are now considered as particularly attractive tools in nanoscience
and the design of smart materials, due to their highly programmable
nature and complex functionality. Incorporation of photoswitches into
biomolecules, such as peptides, antibiotics, and nucleic acids, has
generated exciting results in the past few years. Molecular motors
offer the potential for new and more precise methods of photoregulation,
due to their multistate switching cycle, unidirectionality of rotation,
and helicity inversion during the rotational steps. Aided by computational
studies, we designed and synthesized a photoswitchable DNA hairpin,
in which a molecular motor serves as the bridgehead unit. After it
was determined that motor function was not affected by the rigid arms
of the linker, solid-phase synthesis was employed to incorporate the
motor into an 8-base-pair self-complementary DNA strand. With the
photoswitchable bridgehead in place, hairpin formation was unimpaired,
while the motor part of this advanced biohybrid system retains excellent
photochemical properties. Rotation of the motor generates large changes
in structure, and as a consequence the duplex stability of the oligonucleotide
could be regulated by UV light irradiation. Additionally, Molecular
Dynamics computations were employed to rationalize the observed behavior
of the motor–DNA hybrid. The results presented herein establish
molecular motors as powerful multistate switches for application in
biological environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anouk S Lubbe
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Qing Liu
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747AG Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Sanne J Smith
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747AG Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Jan Willem de Vries
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747AG Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Jos C M Kistemaker
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Alex H de Vries
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747AG Groningen , The Netherlands.,Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology (GBB) Institute , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 7 , 9747AG Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Ignacio Faustino
- Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology (GBB) Institute , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 7 , 9747AG Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Zhuojun Meng
- Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology (GBB) Institute , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 7 , 9747AG Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Wiktor Szymanski
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands.,Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Groningen , University of Groningen , Hanzeplein 1 , 9713GZ Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Andreas Herrmann
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747AG Groningen , The Netherlands.,DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials , Forckenbeckstr. 50 , 52056 Aachen , Germany.,Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University , Worringerweg 2 , 52074 Aachen , Germany
| | - Ben L Feringa
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chirality and stereoselectivity in photochromic reactions. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
15
|
Sun J, Lan R, Gao Y, Wang M, Zhang W, Wang L, Zhang L, Yang Z, Yang H. Stimuli-Directed Dynamic Reconfiguration in Self-Organized Helical Superstructures Enabled by Chemical Kinetics of Chiral Molecular Motors. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2018; 5:1700613. [PMID: 29619309 PMCID: PMC5827101 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201700613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic controllability of self-organized helical superstructures in spatial dimensions is a key step to promote bottom-up artificial nanoarchitectures and functional devices for diverse applications in a variety of areas. Here, a light-driven chiral overcrowded alkene molecular motor with rod-like substituent is designed and synthesized, and its thermal isomerization reaction exhibits an increasing structural entropy effect on chemical kinetic analysis in anisotropic achiral liquid crystal host than that in isotropic organic liquid. Interestingly, the stimuli-directed angular orientation motion of helical axes in the self-organized helical superstructures doped with the chiral motors enables the dynamic reconfiguration between the planar (thermostationary) and focal conic (photostationary) states. The reversible micromorphology deformation processes are compatible with the free energy fluctuation of self-organized helical superstructures and the chemical kinetics of chiral motors under different conditions. Furthermore, stimuli-directed reversible nonmechanical beam steering is achieved in dynamic hidden periodic photopatterns with reconfigurable attributes prerecorded with a corresponding photomask and photoinduced polymerization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Sun
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083P. R. China
| | - Ruochen Lan
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringCollege of EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing100871P. R. China
| | - Yanzi Gao
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringCollege of EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing100871P. R. China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringCollege of EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing100871P. R. China
| | - Wanshu Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083P. R. China
| | - Ling Wang
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical EngineeringTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX77843USA
| | - Lanying Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringCollege of EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing100871P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of EducationPeking UniversityBeijing100871P. R. China
| | - Zhou Yang
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083P. R. China
| | - Huai Yang
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringCollege of EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing100871P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of EducationPeking UniversityBeijing100871P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Conyard J, Heisler IA, Chan Y, Bulman Page PC, Meech SR, Blancafort L. A new twist in the photophysics of the GFP chromophore: a volume-conserving molecular torsion couple. Chem Sci 2018; 9:1803-1812. [PMID: 29675225 PMCID: PMC5892128 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc04091a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Dynamics of a nonplanar GFP chromophore are studied experimentally and theoretically. Coupled torsional motion is responsible for the ultrafast decay.
The simple structure of the chromophore of the green fluorescent protein (GFP), a phenol and an imidazolone ring linked by a methyne bridge, supports an exceptionally diverse range of excited state phenomena. Here we describe experimentally and theoretically the photochemistry of a novel sterically crowded nonplanar derivative of the GFP chromophore. It undergoes an excited state isomerization reaction accompanied by an exceptionally fast (sub 100 fs) excited state decay. The decay dynamics are essentially independent of solvent polarity and viscosity. Excited state structural dynamics are probed by high level quantum chemical calculations revealing that the fast decay is due to a conical intersection characterized by a twist of the rings and pyramidalization of the methyne bridge carbon. The intersection can be accessed without a barrier from the pre-twisted Franck–Condon structure, and the lack of viscosity dependence is due to the fact that the rings twist in the same direction, giving rise to a volume-conserving decay coordinate. Moreover, the rotation of the phenyl, methyl and imidazolone groups is coupled in the sterically crowded structure, with the methyl group translating the rotation of one ring to the next. As a consequence, the excited state dynamics can be viewed as a torsional couple, where the absorbed photon energy leads to conversion of the out-of-plane orientation from one ring to the other in a volume conserving fashion. A similar modification of the range of methyne dyes may provide a new family of devices for molecular machines, specifically torsional couples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Conyard
- School of Chemistry , University of East Anglia , Norwich Research Park , Norwich NR4 7TJ , UK .
| | - Ismael A Heisler
- School of Chemistry , University of East Anglia , Norwich Research Park , Norwich NR4 7TJ , UK .
| | - Yohan Chan
- School of Chemistry , University of East Anglia , Norwich Research Park , Norwich NR4 7TJ , UK .
| | - Philip C Bulman Page
- School of Chemistry , University of East Anglia , Norwich Research Park , Norwich NR4 7TJ , UK .
| | - Stephen R Meech
- School of Chemistry , University of East Anglia , Norwich Research Park , Norwich NR4 7TJ , UK .
| | - Lluís Blancafort
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi , Departament de Química , Facultat de Ciències , Universitat de Girona , C/ M. A. Capmany 69 , 17003 Girona , Spain .
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
|
18
|
Feringa BL. The Art of Building Small: From Molecular Switches to Motors (Nobel Lecture). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:11060-11078. [PMID: 28851050 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201702979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 455] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A journey into the nano-world: The ability to design, use and control motor-like functions at the molecular level sets the stage for numerous dynamic molecular systems. In his Nobel Lecture, B. L. Feringa describes the evolution of the field of molecular motors and explains how to program and control molecules by incorporating responsive and adaptive properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ben L Feringa
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Feringa BL. Die Kunst, klein zu bauen: von molekularen Schaltern bis zu Motoren (Nobel-Aufsatz). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201702979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ben L. Feringa
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry; University of Groningen; Groningen Niederlande
| |
Collapse
|