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Quan Y, Li J, Cai J, Liao Y, Zhang Y, Lu F. Transplantation of beige adipose organoids fabricated using adipose acellular matrix hydrogel improves metabolic dysfunction in high-fat diet-induced obesity and type 2 diabetes mice. J Cell Physiol 2024; 239:e31191. [PMID: 38219044 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Transplantation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a promising approach for treating obesity and metabolic disorders. However, obtaining sufficient amounts of functional BAT or brown adipocytes for transplantation remains a major challenge. In this study, we developed a hydrogel that combining adipose acellular matrix (AAM) and GelMA and HAMA that can be adjusted for stiffness by modulating the duration of light-crosslinking. We used human white adipose tissue-derived microvascular fragments to create beige adipose organoids (BAO) that were encapsulated in either a soft or stiff AAM hydrogel. We found that BAOs cultivated in AAM hydrogels with high stiffness demonstrated increased metabolic activity and upregulation of thermogenesis-related genes. When transplanted into obese and type 2 diabetes mice, the HFD + BAO group showed sustained improvements in metabolic rate, resulting in significant weight loss and decreased blood glucose levels. Furthermore, the mice showed a marked reduction in nonalcoholic liver steatosis, indicating improved liver function. In contrast, transplantation of 2D-cultured beige adipocytes failed to produce these beneficial effects. Our findings demonstrate the feasibility of fabricating beige adipose organoids in vitro and administering them by injection, which may represent a promising therapeutic approach for obesity and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Quan
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Junrong Cai
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yunjun Liao
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yuteng Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Feng Lu
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
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2
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Quan Y, Lu F, Zhang Y. Use of brown adipose tissue transplantation and engineering as a thermogenic therapy in obesity and metabolic disease. Obes Rev 2024; 25:e13677. [PMID: 38114233 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
The induction of thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue is emerging as an attractive therapy for obesity and metabolic syndrome. However, the long-term efficacy and safety of clinical pharmaceutical agents have yet to be fully characterized. The transplantation of brown adipose tissue represents an alternative approach that might have a therapeutic effect by inducing a long-term increase in energy expenditure. However, limited tissue resources hinder the development of transplantation. Stem cell-based therapy and brown adipose tissue engineering, in addition to transplantation, represent alternative approaches that might resolve this problem. In this article, we discuss recent advances in understanding the mechanisms and applications of brown adipose tissue transplantation in the treatment of obesity and related metabolic disorders. Specifically, the induction of brown adipocytes and the fabrication of engineered brown adipose tissue as novel transplantation resources have long-term effects on ameliorating metabolic defects in rodent models. Additionally, we explore future prospects regarding the development of three-dimensional engineered brown adipose tissue and the associated challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Quan
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Feng Lu
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuteng Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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3
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Karanfil AS, Louis F, Matsusaki M. Biofabrication of vascularized adipose tissues and their biomedical applications. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023; 10:1539-1558. [PMID: 36789675 DOI: 10.1039/d2mh01391f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in adipose tissue engineering and cell biology have led to the development of innovative therapeutic strategies in regenerative medicine for adipose tissue reconstruction. To date, the many in vitro and in vivo models developed for vascularized adipose tissue engineering cover a wide range of research areas, including studies with cells of various origins and types, polymeric scaffolds of natural and synthetic derivation, models presented using decellularized tissues, and scaffold-free approaches. In this review, studies on adipose tissue types with different functions, characteristics and body locations have been summarized with 3D in vitro fabrication approaches. The reason for the particular focus on vascularized adipose tissue models is that current liposuction and fat transplantation methods are unsuitable for adipose tissue reconstruction as the lack of blood vessels results in inadequate nutrient and oxygen delivery, leading to necrosis in situ. In the first part of this paper, current studies and applications of white and brown adipose tissues are presented according to the polymeric materials used, focusing on the studies which could show vasculature in vitro and after in vivo implantation, and then the research on adipose tissue fabrication and applications are explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aslı Sena Karanfil
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Japan.
| | - Fiona Louis
- Joint Research Laboratory (TOPPAN) for Advanced Cell Regulatory Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Japan
| | - Michiya Matsusaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Japan.
- Joint Research Laboratory (TOPPAN) for Advanced Cell Regulatory Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Japan
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4
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Gonzalez Porras MA, Stojkova K, Acosta FM, Rathbone CR, Brey EM. Engineering Human Beige Adipose Tissue. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:906395. [PMID: 35845420 PMCID: PMC9283722 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.906395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we described a method for generating functional, beige (thermogenic) adipose microtissues from human microvascular fragments (MVFs). The MVFs were isolated from adipose tissue acquired from adults over 50 years of age. The tissues express thermogenic gene markers and reproduce functions essential for the potential therapeutic impact of beige adipose tissues such as enhanced lipid metabolism and increased mitochondrial respiration. MVFs serve as a potential single, autologous source of cells that can be isolated from adult patients, induced to recreate functional aspects of beige adipose tissue and enable rapid vascularization post-transplantation. This approach has the potential to be used as an autologous therapy for metabolic diseases or as a model for the development of a personalized approach to high-throughput drug development/screening for adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A. Gonzalez Porras
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
- Institute of Regenerative Medicine, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Katerina Stojkova
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Francisca M. Acosta
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Christopher R. Rathbone
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
- Institute of Regenerative Medicine, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Eric M. Brey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
- Institute of Regenerative Medicine, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
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5
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Mahadevan AS, Long BL, Hu CW, Ryan DT, Grandel NE, Britton GL, Bustos M, Gonzalez Porras MA, Stojkova K, Ligeralde A, Son H, Shannonhouse J, Robinson JT, Warmflash A, Brey EM, Kim YS, Qutub AA. cytoNet: Spatiotemporal network analysis of cell communities. PLoS Comput Biol 2022; 18:e1009846. [PMID: 35696439 PMCID: PMC9191702 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We introduce cytoNet, a cloud-based tool to characterize cell populations from microscopy images. cytoNet quantifies spatial topology and functional relationships in cell communities using principles of network science. Capturing multicellular dynamics through graph features, cytoNet also evaluates the effect of cell-cell interactions on individual cell phenotypes. We demonstrate cytoNet’s capabilities in four case studies: 1) characterizing the temporal dynamics of neural progenitor cell communities during neural differentiation, 2) identifying communities of pain-sensing neurons in vivo, 3) capturing the effect of cell community on endothelial cell morphology, and 4) investigating the effect of laminin α4 on perivascular niches in adipose tissue. The analytical framework introduced here can be used to study the dynamics of complex cell communities in a quantitative manner, leading to a deeper understanding of environmental effects on cellular behavior. The versatile, cloud-based format of cytoNet makes the image analysis framework accessible to researchers across domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun S. Mahadevan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Byron L. Long
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Computer Science, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Chenyue W. Hu
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - David T. Ryan
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Nicolas E. Grandel
- Systems, Synthetic and Physical Biology Program, Rice University, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - George L. Britton
- Systems, Synthetic and Physical Biology Program, Rice University, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Marisol Bustos
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Maria A. Gonzalez Porras
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Katerina Stojkova
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Andrew Ligeralde
- Biophysics Graduate Program, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Hyeonwi Son
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - John Shannonhouse
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jacob T. Robinson
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Aryeh Warmflash
- Systems, Synthetic and Physical Biology Program, Rice University, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Biosciences, Rice University, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Eric M. Brey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
- UTSA–UT Health Joint Graduate Group in Biomedical Engineering, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Yu Shin Kim
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
- UTSA–UT Health Joint Graduate Group in Biomedical Engineering, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
- Programs in Integrated Biomedical Sciences, Translational Sciences, Radiological Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Amina A. Qutub
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
- UTSA–UT Health Joint Graduate Group in Biomedical Engineering, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
- UTSA AI MATRIX Consortium, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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6
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Acosta FM, Stojkova K, Zhang J, Garcia Huitron EI, Jiang JX, Rathbone CR, Brey EM. Engineering Functional Vascularized Beige Adipose Tissue from Microvascular Fragments of Models of Healthy and Type II Diabetes Conditions. J Tissue Eng 2022; 13:20417314221109337. [PMID: 35782994 PMCID: PMC9248044 DOI: 10.1177/20417314221109337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Engineered beige adipose tissues could be used for screening therapeutic strategies or as a direct treatment for obesity and metabolic disease. Microvascular fragments are vessel structures that can be directly isolated from adipose tissue and may contain cells capable of differentiation into thermogenic, or beige, adipocytes. In this study, culture conditions were investigated to engineer three-dimensional, vascularized functional beige adipose tissue using microvascular fragments isolated from both healthy animals and a model of type II diabetes (T2D). Vascularized beige adipose tissues were engineered and exhibited increased expression of beige adipose markers, enhanced function, and improved cellular respiration. While microvascular fragments isolated from both lean and diabetic models were able to generate functional tissues, differences were observed in regard to vessel assembly and tissue function. This study introduces an approach that could be employed to engineer vascularized beige adipose tissues from a single, potentially autologous source of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca M. Acosta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
and Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX,
USA
- UTSA-UTHSCSA Joint Graduate Program in
Biomedical Engineering, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and
Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX,
USA
| | - Katerina Stojkova
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
and Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX,
USA
| | - Jingruo Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and
Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX,
USA
| | - Eric Ivan Garcia Huitron
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
and Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX,
USA
| | - Jean X. Jiang
- Department of Biochemistry and
Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX,
USA
| | - Christopher R. Rathbone
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
and Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX,
USA
- UTSA-UTHSCSA Joint Graduate Program in
Biomedical Engineering, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Eric M. Brey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
and Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX,
USA
- UTSA-UTHSCSA Joint Graduate Program in
Biomedical Engineering, San Antonio, TX, USA
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7
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Shen JX, Couchet M, Dufau J, de Castro Barbosa T, Ulbrich MH, Helmstädter M, Kemas AM, Zandi Shafagh R, Marques M, Hansen JB, Mejhert N, Langin D, Rydén M, Lauschke VM. 3D Adipose Tissue Culture Links the Organotypic Microenvironment to Improved Adipogenesis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2100106. [PMID: 34165908 PMCID: PMC8373086 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202100106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Obesity and type 2 diabetes are strongly associated with adipose tissue dysfunction and impaired adipogenesis. Understanding the molecular underpinnings that control adipogenesis is thus of fundamental importance for the development of novel therapeutics against metabolic disorders. However, translational approaches are hampered as current models do not accurately recapitulate adipogenesis. Here, a scaffold-free versatile 3D adipocyte culture platform with chemically defined conditions is presented in which primary human preadipocytes accurately recapitulate adipogenesis. Following differentiation, multi-omics profiling and functional tests demonstrate that 3D adipocyte cultures feature mature molecular and cellular phenotypes similar to freshly isolated mature adipocytes. Spheroids exhibit physiologically relevant gene expression signatures with 4704 differentially expressed genes compared to conventional 2D cultures (false discovery rate < 0.05), including the concerted expression of factors shaping the adipogenic niche. Furthermore, lipid profiles of >1000 lipid species closely resemble patterns of the corresponding isogenic mature adipocytes in vivo (R2 = 0.97). Integration of multi-omics signatures with analyses of the activity profiles of 503 transcription factors using global promoter motif inference reveals a complex signaling network, involving YAP, Hedgehog, and TGFβ signaling, that links the organotypic microenvironment in 3D culture to the activation and reinforcement of PPARγ and CEBP activity resulting in improved adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne X. Shen
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologyKarolinska InstitutetStockholm171 77Sweden
| | - Morgane Couchet
- Department of MedicineHuddingeKarolinska InstitutetKarolinska University HospitalStockholm141 86Sweden
| | - Jérémy Dufau
- InsermInstitute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC)UMR1297Toulouse31432France
- Université de ToulouseUniversité Paul SabatierFaculté de Médecine, I2MCUMR1297Toulouse31432France
| | - Thais de Castro Barbosa
- Department of MedicineHuddingeKarolinska InstitutetKarolinska University HospitalStockholm141 86Sweden
| | - Maximilian H. Ulbrich
- Renal DivisionDepartment of MedicineUniversity Hospital Freiburg and Faculty of MedicineUniversity of FreiburgFreiburg79106Germany
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling StudiesUniversity of FreiburgFreiburg79104Germany
| | - Martin Helmstädter
- Renal DivisionDepartment of MedicineUniversity Hospital Freiburg and Faculty of MedicineUniversity of FreiburgFreiburg79106Germany
| | - Aurino M. Kemas
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologyKarolinska InstitutetStockholm171 77Sweden
| | - Reza Zandi Shafagh
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologyKarolinska InstitutetStockholm171 77Sweden
- Division of Micro‐ and NanosystemsKTH Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholm100 44Sweden
| | - Marie‐Adeline Marques
- InsermInstitute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC)UMR1297Toulouse31432France
- Université de ToulouseUniversité Paul SabatierFaculté de Médecine, I2MCUMR1297Toulouse31432France
| | - Jacob B. Hansen
- Department of BiologyUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagen2100Denmark
| | - Niklas Mejhert
- Department of MedicineHuddingeKarolinska InstitutetKarolinska University HospitalStockholm141 86Sweden
| | - Dominique Langin
- InsermInstitute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC)UMR1297Toulouse31432France
- Université de ToulouseUniversité Paul SabatierFaculté de Médecine, I2MCUMR1297Toulouse31432France
- Toulouse University HospitalsDepartment of BiochemistryToulouse31079France
| | - Mikael Rydén
- Department of MedicineHuddingeKarolinska InstitutetKarolinska University HospitalStockholm141 86Sweden
| | - Volker M. Lauschke
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologyKarolinska InstitutetStockholm171 77Sweden
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8
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Gonzalez Porras MA, Stojkova K, Vaicik MK, Pelowe A, Goddi A, Carmona A, Long B, Qutub AA, Gonzalez A, Cohen RN, Brey EM. Integrins and extracellular matrix proteins modulate adipocyte thermogenic capacity. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5442. [PMID: 33686208 PMCID: PMC7940610 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84828-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and the metabolic disease epidemic has led to an increase in morbidity and mortality. A rise in adipose thermogenic capacity via activation of brown or beige fat is a potential treatment for metabolic diseases. However, an understanding of how local factors control adipocyte fate is limited. Mice with a null mutation in the laminin α4 (LAMA4) gene (KO) exhibit resistance to obesity and enhanced expression of thermogenic fat markers in white adipose tissue (WAT). In this study, changes in WAT extracellular matrix composition in the absence of LAMA4 were evaluated using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. KO-mice showed lower levels of collagen 1A1 and 3A1, and integrins α7 (ITA7) and β1 (ITB1). ITA7-ITB1 and collagen 1A1-3A1 protein levels were lower in brown adipose tissue compared to WAT in wild-type mice. Immunohistochemical staining confirmed lower levels and different spatial distribution of ITA7 in KO-WAT. In culture studies, ITA7 and LAMA4 levels decreased following a 12-day differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells into beige fat, and knock-down of ITA7 during differentiation increased beiging. These results demonstrate that extracellular matrix interactions regulate adipocyte thermogenic capacity and that ITA7 plays a role in beige adipose formation. A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying these interactions can be used to improve systemic energy metabolism and glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Gonzalez Porras
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, AET 1.102, The University of Texas at San Antonio, 1 UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA
| | - Katerina Stojkova
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, AET 1.102, The University of Texas at San Antonio, 1 UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA
| | - Marcella K Vaicik
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Amanda Pelowe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Anna Goddi
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Alanis Carmona
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Byron Long
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, AET 1.102, The University of Texas at San Antonio, 1 UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA
| | - Amina A Qutub
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, AET 1.102, The University of Texas at San Antonio, 1 UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA
| | - Anjelica Gonzalez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ronald N Cohen
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Eric M Brey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, AET 1.102, The University of Texas at San Antonio, 1 UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA.
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9
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Yang F, Carmona A, Stojkova K, Garcia Huitron EI, Goddi A, Bhushan A, Cohen RN, Brey EM. A 3D human adipose tissue model within a microfluidic device. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:435-446. [PMID: 33351023 PMCID: PMC7876365 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc00981d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
An accurate in vitro model of human adipose tissue could assist in the study of adipocyte function and allow for better tools for screening new therapeutic compounds. Cell culture models on two-dimensional surfaces fall short of mimicking the three-dimensional in vivo adipose environment, while three-dimensional culture models are often unable to support long-term cell culture due, in part, to insufficient mass transport. Microfluidic systems have been explored for adipose tissue models. However, current systems have primarily focused on 2D cultured adipocytes. In this work, a 3D human adipose microtissue was engineered within a microfluidic system. Human adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) were used as the cell source for generating differentiated adipocytes. The ADSCs differentiated within the microfluidic system formed a dense lipid-loaded mass with the expression of adipose tissue genetic markers. Engineered adipose tissue showed a decreased adiponectin secretion and increased free fatty acid secretion with increasing shear stress. Adipogenesis markers were downregulated with increasing shear stress. Overall, this microfluidic system enables the on-chip differentiation and development of a functional 3D human adipose microtissue supported by the interstitial flow. This system could potentially serve as a platform for in vitro drug testing for adipose tissue-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feipeng Yang
- Illinois Institute of Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chicago, 60616, USA
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10
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McCarthy M, Brown T, Alarcon A, Williams C, Wu X, Abbott RD, Gimble J, Frazier T. Fat-On-A-Chip Models for Research and Discovery in Obesity and Its Metabolic Comorbidities. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2020; 26:586-595. [PMID: 32216545 PMCID: PMC8196547 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2019.0261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The obesity epidemic and its associated comorbidities present a looming challenge to health care delivery throughout the world. Obesity is characterized as a sterile inflammatory process within adipose tissues leading to dysregulated secretion of bioactive adipokines such as adiponectin and leptin, as well as systemic metabolic dysfunction. The majority of current obesity research has focused primarily on preclinical animal models in vivo and two-dimensional cell culture models in vitro. Neither of these generalized approaches is optimal due to interspecies variability, insufficient accuracy with respect to predicting human outcomes, and failure to recapitulate the three-dimensional (3D) microenvironment. Consequently, there is a growing demand and need for more sophisticated microphysiological systems to reproduce more physiologically accurate human white and brown/beige adipose depots. To address this research need, human and murine cell lines and primary cultures are being combined with bioscaffolds to create functional 3D environments that are suitable for metabolically active adipose organoids in both static and perfusion bioreactor cultures. The development of these technologies will have considerable impact on the future pace of discovery for novel small molecules and biologics designed to prevent and treat metabolic syndrome and obesity in humans. Furthermore, when these adipose tissue models are integrated with other organ systems they will have applicability to obesity-related disorders such as diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and osteoarthritis. Impact statement The current review article summarizes the advances made within the organ-onchip field, as it pertains to adipose tissue models of obesity and obesity-related syndromes, such as diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and osteoarthritis. As humanized 3D adipose-derived constructs become more accessible to the research community, it is anticipated that they will accelerate and enhance the drug discovery pipeline for obesity, diabetes, and metabolic diseases by reducing the preclinical evaluation process and improving predictive accuracy. Such developments, applications, and usages of existing technologies can change the paradigm of personalized medicine and create substantial progress in our approach to modern medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Theodore Brown
- Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Andrea Alarcon
- LaCell LLC, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Obatala Sciences, Inc., New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | | | - Xiying Wu
- LaCell LLC, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Obatala Sciences, Inc., New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Rosalyn D. Abbott
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jeffrey Gimble
- LaCell LLC, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Obatala Sciences, Inc., New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Trivia Frazier
- LaCell LLC, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Obatala Sciences, Inc., New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
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11
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Perfusion Bioreactor Culture of Bone Marrow Stromal Cells Enhances Cranial Defect Regeneration. Plast Reconstr Surg 2019; 143:993e-1002e. [DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000005529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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12
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Louis F, Kitano S, Mano JF, Matsusaki M. 3D collagen microfibers stimulate the functionality of preadipocytes and maintain the phenotype of mature adipocytes for long term cultures. Acta Biomater 2019; 84:194-207. [PMID: 30502481 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.11.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Although adipose tissue is one of the most abundant tissues of the human body, its reconstruction remains a competitive challenge. The conventional in vitro two or three-dimensional (2D or 3D) models of mature adipocytes unfortunately lead to their quick dedifferentiation after one week, and complete differentiation of adipose derived stem cells (ADSC) usually requires more than one month. In this context, we developed biomimetic 3D adipose tissues with high density collagen by mixing type I collagen microfibers with primary mouse mature adipocytes or human ADSC in transwells. These 3D-tissues ensured a better long-term maintained phenotype of unilocular mature adipocytes, compared to 2D, with a viability of 96 ± 2% at day 14 and a good perilipin immunostaining, - the protein necessary for stabilizing the fat vesicles. For comparison, in 2D culture, mature adipocytes released their fat until splitting their single adipose vesicle into several ones with significantly 4 times smaller size. Concerning ADSC, the adipogenic genes expression in 3D-tissues was found at least doubled throughout the differentiation (over 8 times higher for GLUT4 at day 21), along with it, almost 4 times larger fat vesicles were observed (10 ± 4 µm at day 14). Perilipin immunostaining and leptin secretion, the satiety protein, attested the significantly doubled better functionality of ADSC in 3D adipose tissues. These obtained long-term maintained phenotype and fast adipogenesis make this model relevant for either cosmetic/pharmaceutical assays or plastic surgery purposes. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Adipose tissue has important roles in our organism, providing energy from its lipids storage and secreting many vital proteins. However, its reconstruction in a functional in vitro adipose tissue is still a challenge. Mature adipocytes directly extracted from surgery liposuctions quickly lose their lipids after a week in vitro and the use of differentiated adipose stem cells is too time-consuming. We developed a new artificial fat tissue using collagen microfibers. These tissues allowed the maintenance of viable big unilocular mature adipocytes up to two weeks and the faster adipogenic differentiation of adipose stem cells. Moreover, the adipose functionality confirmed by perilipin and leptin assessments makes this model suitable for further applications in cosmetic/pharmaceutical drug assays or for tissue reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Louis
- Osaka University, Joint Research Laboratory (TOPPAN) for Advanced Cell Regulatory Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Japan
| | - Shiro Kitano
- Osaka University, Joint Research Laboratory (TOPPAN) for Advanced Cell Regulatory Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Japan
| | - João F Mano
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Michiya Matsusaki
- Osaka University, Joint Research Laboratory (TOPPAN) for Advanced Cell Regulatory Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Japan; Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Japan; JST, PRESTO, Japan.
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Borges FTP, Papavasiliou G, Murad S, Teymour F. Effect of Phosphate Salt Concentration and Solution pH on the Aqueous-Phase Homo and Copolymerization of N
-Vinyl Pyrrolidone. MACROMOL REACT ENG 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/mren.201800012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando T. P. Borges
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Illinois Institute of Technology; Chicago IL 60616 USA
| | - Georgia Papavasiliou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Illinois Institute of Technology; Chicago IL 60616 USA
| | - Sohail Murad
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Illinois Institute of Technology; Chicago IL 60616 USA
| | - Fouad Teymour
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Illinois Institute of Technology; Chicago IL 60616 USA
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Sabol RA, Bowles AC, Côté A, Wise R, Pashos N, Bunnell BA. Therapeutic Potential of Adipose Stem Cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1341:15-25. [PMID: 30051318 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2018_248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Adipose stem cells (ASCs) have gained attention in the fields of stem cells regenerative medicine due to their multifaceted therapeutic capabilities. Promising preclinical evidence of ASCs has supported the substantial interest in the use of these cells as therapy for human disease. ASCs are an adult stem cell resident in adipose tissue with the potential to differentiation along mesenchymal lineages. They also are known to be recruited to sites of inflammation where they exhibit strong immunomodulatory capabilities to promote wound healing and regeneration. ASCs can be isolated from adipose tissue at a relatively high yield compared to their mesenchymal cell counterparts: bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). Like BM-MSCs, ASCs are easily culture expanded and have a reduced immunogenicity or are perhaps immune privileged, making them attractive options for cellular therapy. Additionally, the heterogeneous cellular product obtained after digestion of adipose tissue, called the stromal vascular fraction (SVF), contains ASCs and several populations of stromal and immune cells. Both the SVF and culture expanded ASCs have the potential to be therapeutic in various diseases. This review will focus on the preclinical and clinical evidence of SVF and ASCs, which make them potential candidates for therapy in regenerative medicine and inflammatory disease processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A Sabol
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Physician Scientist Program, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Annie C Bowles
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Alexandra Côté
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Rachel Wise
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Tulane Brain Institute, Neuroscience Program, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Nicholas Pashos
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Bioinnovation PhD Program, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Bruce A Bunnell
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA, USA.
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Vaicik MK, Blagajcevic A, Ye H, Morse MC, Yang F, Goddi A, Brey EM, Cohen RN. The Absence of Laminin α4 in Male Mice Results in Enhanced Energy Expenditure and Increased Beige Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue. Endocrinology 2018; 159:356-367. [PMID: 28973559 PMCID: PMC5761598 DOI: 10.1210/en.2017-00186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Laminin α4 (LAMA4) is located in the extracellular basement membrane that surrounds each individual adipocyte. Here we show that LAMA4 null (Lama4-/-) mice exhibit significantly higher energy expenditure (EE) relative to wild-type (WT) mice at room temperature and when exposed to a cold challenge, despite similar levels of food intake and locomotor activity. The Lama4-/- mice are resistant to age- and diet-induced obesity. Expression of uncoupling protein 1 is higher in subcutaneous white adipose tissue of Lama4-/- mice relative to WT animals on either a chow diet or a high-fat diet. In contrast, uncoupling protein 1 expression was not increased in brown adipose tissue. Lama4-/- mice exhibit significantly improved insulin sensitivity compared with WT mice, suggesting improved metabolic function. Overall, these data provide critical evidence for a role of the basement membrane in EE, weight gain, and systemic insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcella K. Vaicik
- Research Service, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Illinois 60141
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616
| | - Alen Blagajcevic
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - Honggang Ye
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - Mallory C. Morse
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - Feipeng Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616
| | - Anna Goddi
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - Eric M. Brey
- Research Service, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Illinois 60141
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616
| | - Ronald N. Cohen
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
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Tharp KM, Stahl A. Bioengineering Beige Adipose Tissue Therapeutics. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2015; 6:164. [PMID: 26539163 PMCID: PMC4611961 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2015.00164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Unlocking the therapeutic potential of brown/beige adipose tissue requires technological advancements that enable the controlled expansion of this uniquely thermogenic tissue. Transplantation of brown fat in small animal model systems has confirmed the expectation that brown fat expansion could possibly provide a novel therapeutic to combat obesity and related disorders. Expansion and/or stimulation of uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1)-positive adipose tissues have repeatedly demonstrated physiologically beneficial reductions in circulating glucose and lipids. The recent discovery that brown adipose tissue (BAT)-derived secreted factors positively alter whole body metabolism further expands potential benefits of brown or beige/brite adipose expansion. Unfortunately, there are no sources of transplantable BATs for human therapeutic purposes at this time. Recent developments in bioengineering, including novel hyaluronic acid-based hydrogels, have enabled non-immunogenic, functional tissue allografts that can be used to generate large quantities of UCP1-positive adipose tissue. These sophisticated tissue-engineering systems have provided the methodology to develop metabolically active brown or beige/brite adipose tissue implants with the potential to be used as a metabolic therapy. Unlike the pharmacological browning of white adipose depots, implantation of bioengineered UCP1-positive adipose tissues offers a spatially controlled therapeutic. Moving forward, new insights into the mechanisms by which extracellular cues govern stem-cell differentiation and progenitor cell recruitment may enable cell-free matrix implant approaches, which generate a niche sufficient to recruit white adipose tissue-derived stem cells and support their differentiation into functional beige/brite adipose tissues. This review summarizes clinically relevant discoveries in tissue-engineering and biology leading toward the recent development of biomaterial supported beige adipose tissue implants and their potential for the metabolic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M. Tharp
- Program in Metabolic Biology, Department of Nutritional Science and Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Andreas Stahl
- Program in Metabolic Biology, Department of Nutritional Science and Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- *Correspondence: Andreas Stahl,
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