1
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Lach K, Skrzyniarz K, Takvor-Mena S, Łysek-Gładysińska M, Furmańczyk P, Barrios-Gumiel O, Sanchez-Nieves J, Ciepluch K. Endolysin CHAP domain-carbosilane metallodendrimer complexes with triple action on Gram-negative bacteria: Membrane destabilization, reactive oxygen species production and peptidoglycan degradation. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 278:134634. [PMID: 39128760 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a significant challenge that is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Gram-negative bacteria are particularly problematic due to an outer membrane (OM). Current alternatives to antibiotics include antimicrobial peptides or proteins and multifunctional systems such as dendrimers. Antimicrobial proteins such as lysins can degrade the bacterial cell wall, whereas dendrimers can permeabilize the OM, enhancing the activity of endolysins against gram-negative bacteria. In this study, we present a three-stage action of endolysin combined with two different carbosilane (CBS) silver metallodendrimers, in which the periphery is modified with N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands coordinating a silver atom. The different NHC ligands contained hydrophobic methyl or N-donor pyridyl moieties. The effects of these endolysin/dendrimer combinations are based on OM permeabilization, peptidoglycan degradation, and reactive oxygen species production. The results showed that CBS possess a permeabilization effect (first action), significantly reduced bacterial growth at higher concentrations alone and in the presence of endolysin, increased ROS production (second action), and led to bacterial cell damage (third action). The complex formed between the CHAP domain of endolysin and a CBS silver metallodendrimer, with a triple mechanism of action, may represent an excellent alternative to other antimicrobials with only one resistance mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Lach
- Division of Medical Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-406 Kielce, Poland
| | - Kinga Skrzyniarz
- Division of Medical Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-406 Kielce, Poland
| | - Samuel Takvor-Mena
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Research Institute in Chemistry "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR), University of Alcalá (UAH), 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid. Spain
| | | | - Piotr Furmańczyk
- Department of Machine Design, Faculty of Mechatronics and Mechanical Engineering, Kielce University of Technology, 25-314 Kielce, Poland
| | - Oscar Barrios-Gumiel
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Research Institute in Chemistry "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR), University of Alcalá (UAH), 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid. Spain
| | - Javier Sanchez-Nieves
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Research Institute in Chemistry "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR), University of Alcalá (UAH), 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid. Spain; Networking Research Center for Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Ramón y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), Ctra. de Colmenar Viejo, Km. 9, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Karol Ciepluch
- Division of Medical Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-406 Kielce, Poland.
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2
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Adoni P, Romanyuk A, Overton TW, Fernandez-Trillo P. Polymer-induced biofilms for enhanced biocatalysis. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2022; 9:2592-2602. [PMID: 35912866 PMCID: PMC9528183 DOI: 10.1039/d2mh00607c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The intrinsic resilience of biofilms to environmental conditions makes them an attractive platform for biocatalysis, bioremediation, agriculture or consumer health. However, one of the main challenges in these areas is that beneficial bacteria are not necessarily good at biofilm formation. Currently, this problem is solved by genetic engineering or experimental evolution, techniques that can be costly and time consuming, require expertise in molecular biology and/or microbiology and, more importantly, are not suitable for all types of microorganisms or applications. Here we show that synthetic polymers can be used as an alternative, working as simple additives to nucleate the formation of biofilms. Using a combination of controlled radical polymerization and dynamic covalent chemistry, we prepare a set of synthetic polymers carrying mildly cationic, aromatic, heteroaromatic or aliphatic moieties. We then demonstrate that hydrophobic polymers induce clustering and promote biofilm formation in MC4100, a strain of Escherichia coli that forms biofilms poorly, with aromatic and heteroaromatic moieties leading to the best performing polymers. Moreover, we compare the effect of the polymers on MC4100 against PHL644, an E. coli strain that forms biofilms well due to a single point mutation which increases expression of the adhesin curli. In the presence of selected polymers, MC4100 can reach levels of biomass production and curli expression similar or higher than PHL644, demonstrating that synthetic polymers promote similar changes in microbial physiology than those introduced following genetic modification. Finally, we demonstrate that these polymers can be used to improve the performance of MC4100 biofilms in the biocatalytic transformation of 5-fluoroindole into 5-fluorotryptophan. Our results show that incubation with these synthetic polymers helps MC4100 match and even outperform PHL644 in this biotransformation, demonstrating that synthetic polymers can underpin the development of beneficial applications of biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavan Adoni
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Andrey Romanyuk
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Tim W Overton
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Paco Fernandez-Trillo
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias and Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
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3
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dos Santos Ramos MA, dos Santos KC, da Silva PB, de Toledo LG, Marena GD, Rodero CF, de Camargo BAF, Fortunato GC, Bauab TM, Chorilli M. Nanotechnological strategies for systemic microbial infections treatment: A review. Int J Pharm 2020; 589:119780. [PMID: 32860856 PMCID: PMC7449125 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Systemic infections is one of the major causes of mortality worldwide, and a shortage of drug approaches applied for the rapid and necessary treatment contribute to increase the levels of death in affected patients. Several drug delivery systems based in nanotechnology such as metallic nanoparticles, liposomes, nanoemulsion, microemulsion, polymeric nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles, dendrimers, hydrogels and liquid crystals can contribute in the biological performance of active substances for the treatment of microbial diseases triggered by fungi, bacteria, virus and parasites. In the presentation of these statements, this review article present and demonstrate the effectiveness of these drug delivery systems for the treatment of systemic diseases caused by several microorganisms, through a review of studies on scientific literature worldwide that contributes to better information for the most diverse professionals from the areas of health sciences. The studies demonstrated that the drug delivery systems described can contribute to the therapeutic scenario of these diseases, being classified as safe, active platforms and with therapeutic versatility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Aparecido dos Santos Ramos
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campus Araraquara, São Paulo State Zip Code: 14.800-903, Brazil,Corresponding authors
| | - Karen Cristina dos Santos
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campus Araraquara, São Paulo State Zip Code: 14.800-903, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Bento da Silva
- Department of Genetic and Morphology, Brasília University (UNB), Institute of Biological Sciences, Zip Code: 70735100, Brazil
| | - Luciani Gaspar de Toledo
- Department of Biological Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campus Araraquara, São Paulo State Zip Code: 14.800-903, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Davi Marena
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campus Araraquara, São Paulo State Zip Code: 14.800-903, Brazil
| | - Camila Fernanda Rodero
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campus Araraquara, São Paulo State Zip Code: 14.800-903, Brazil
| | - Bruna Almeida Furquim de Camargo
- Department of Biological Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campus Araraquara, São Paulo State Zip Code: 14.800-903, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Capaldi Fortunato
- Department of Biological Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campus Araraquara, São Paulo State Zip Code: 14.800-903, Brazil
| | - Taís Maria Bauab
- Department of Biological Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campus Araraquara, São Paulo State Zip Code: 14.800-903, Brazil
| | - Marlus Chorilli
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campus Araraquara, São Paulo State Zip Code: 14.800-903, Brazil.
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4
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Alfei S, Schito AM. From Nanobiotechnology, Positively Charged Biomimetic Dendrimers as Novel Antibacterial Agents: A Review. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E2022. [PMID: 33066468 PMCID: PMC7602242 DOI: 10.3390/nano10102022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The alarming increase in antimicrobial resistance, based on the built-in abilities of bacteria to nullify the activity of current antibiotics, leaves a growing number of bacterial infections untreatable. An appealing approach, advanced in recent decades, concerns the development of novel agents able to interact with the external layers of bacteria, causing irreparable damage. Regarding this, some natural cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAMPs) have been reconsidered, and synthetic cationic polymers, mimicking CAMPs and able to kill bacteria by non-specific detrimental interaction with the negative bacterial membranes, have been proposed as promising solutions. Lately, also dendrimers were considered suitable macromolecules for the preparation of more advanced cationic biomimetic nanoparticles, able to harmonize the typical properties of dendrimers, including nanosize, mono-dispersion, long-term stability, high functionality, and the non-specific mechanism of action of CAMPs. Although cationic dendrimers are extensively applied in nanomedicine for drug or gene delivery, their application as antimicrobial agents is still in its infancy. The state of the art of their potential applications in this important field has therefore been reviewed here, with particular attention to the innovative case studies in the literature including also amino acid-modified polyester-based dendrimers, practically unexplored as membrane-active antimicrobials and able to kill bacteria on contact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Alfei
- Department of Pharmacy (DiFAR), University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, I-16148 Genova, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Schito
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV, 6, I-16132 Genova, Italy;
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5
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Li Y, Chi YQ, Yu CH, Xie Y, Xia MY, Zhang CL, Han X, Peng Q. Drug-free and non-crosslinked chitosan scaffolds with efficient antibacterial activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 241:116386. [PMID: 32507188 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of oral pathogens is important for both oral and systemic health. The antimicrobial activity of chitosan (CS)-based scaffolds either loading antibiotics or compositing with other agents are well documented. However, the intrinsic antibacterial activity of CS scaffolds alone has never been reported. Herein, we fabricated the non-crosslinked CS scaffold and investigated its antibacterial activity against typical oral pathogens, Gram-negative Porphyromonas gingivalis and Gram-positive Streptococcus mutans. We found both pathogens were completely killed by 1 mg CS scaffolds at 6 h, due largely to the CS-induced time-dependent bacteria clustering. Interestingly, β-glycerophosphate crosslinked scaffolds showed no antibacterial activity. In conclusion, the bactericidal activity of CS scaffolds alone is reported for the first time. Together with the biodegradability, physical stability, biocompatibility and great antibacterial activity, the non-crosslinked CS scaffolds may have great potentials not only in treating oral diseases but also in wound healing and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ya-Qi Chi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chen-Hao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yu Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Meng-Ying Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chao-Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xianglong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Qiang Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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6
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Singh N, Romero M, Travanut A, Monteiro PF, Jordana-Lluch E, Hardie KR, Williams P, Alexander MR, Alexander C. Dual bioresponsive antibiotic and quorum sensing inhibitor combination nanoparticles for treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms in vitro and ex vivo. Biomater Sci 2020; 7:4099-4111. [PMID: 31355397 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm00773c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Many debilitating infections result from persistent microbial biofilms that do not respond to conventional antibiotic regimens. A potential method to treat such chronic infections is to combine agents which interfere with bacterial biofilm development together with an antibiotic in a single formulation. Here, we explore the use of a new bioresponsive polymer formulation derived from specifically modified alginate nanoparticles (NPs) in order to deliver ciprofloxacin (CIP) in combination with the quorum sensing inhibitor (QSI) 3-amino-7-chloro-2-nonylquinazolin-4(3H)-one (ACNQ) to mature Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms. The alginate NPs were engineered to incorporate a pH-responsive linker between the polysaccharide backbone and the QSI, and to encapsulate CIP via charge-charge interactions of the positively-charged drug with the carboxyl residues of the alginate matrix. In this way, a dual-action release of antibiotic and QSI was designed for the low-pH regions of a biofilm, involving cleavage of the QSI-linker to the alginate matrix and reduced charge-charge interactions between CIP and the polysaccharide as the alginate carboxyl side-chains protonated. When tested in a biofilm model the concomitant release of CIP + QSI from the pH-responsive nanoparticles significantly reduced the viability of the biofilm compared with CIP treatment alone. In addition, the alginate NPs were shown to penetrate deeply into P. aeruginosa biofilms, which we attribute in part to the charges of the NPs and the release of the QSI agent. Finally, we tested the formulation in both a 2D keratinocyte and a 3D ex vivo skin infection model. The dual-action bio-responsive QSI and CIP release nanoparticles effectively cleared the infection in the latter, suggesting considerable promise for combination therapeutics which prevent biofilm formation as well as effectively killing mature P. aeruginosa biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishant Singh
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
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7
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Vukojicic P, Béhar G, Tawara MH, Fernandez-Villamarin M, Pecorari F, Fernandez-Megia E, Mouratou B. Multivalent Affidendrons with High Affinity and Specificity toward Staphylococcus aureus as Versatile Tools for Modulating Multicellular Behaviors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:21391-21398. [PMID: 31120726 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b05702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Multivalency is a widely occurring natural phenomenon often exploited in nanotechnology to enhance biorecognition. We report the preparation and characterization of versatile, multivalent Affitin-dendrimer conjugates (Affidendrons) showcased by a set targeting Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus), an opportunistic pathogen causing numerous hospital- and community-acquired infections. Affitins are small affinity proteins characterized by higher stability and lower cost-effective production than antibodies. The strategy presented provides a platform for the rational design of multivalent nanodevices that, retaining the ability of Affitins to recognize their target with high specificity, achieve a largely enhanced affinity. Affidendrons with precisely designed size and valency have been exploited to modulate complex multicellular behaviors of S. aureus, such as agglutination and biofilm formation. Agglutination assays showed that Affidendrons rapidly cross-link S. aureus strains with high bacterial cell selectivity. Moreover, remarkably low concentrations of Affidendrons were able to effectively prevent biofilm formation. Overall, Affidendrons represent a promising platform for the rapid and selective pathogen identification, infection imaging, and theranostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petar Vukojicic
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes , Nantes , France
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica , Universidade de Santiago de Compostela , Jenaro de la Fuente s/n , 15782 Santiago de Compostela , Spain
| | - Ghislaine Béhar
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes , Nantes , France
| | - Maun H Tawara
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica , Universidade de Santiago de Compostela , Jenaro de la Fuente s/n , 15782 Santiago de Compostela , Spain
| | - Marcos Fernandez-Villamarin
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica , Universidade de Santiago de Compostela , Jenaro de la Fuente s/n , 15782 Santiago de Compostela , Spain
| | - Frédéric Pecorari
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes , Nantes , France
| | - Eduardo Fernandez-Megia
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica , Universidade de Santiago de Compostela , Jenaro de la Fuente s/n , 15782 Santiago de Compostela , Spain
| | - Barbara Mouratou
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes , Nantes , France
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8
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Perez-Soto N, Creese O, Fernandez-Trillo F, Krachler AM. Aggregation of Vibrio cholerae by Cationic Polymers Enhances Quorum Sensing but Overrides Biofilm Dissipation in Response to Autoinduction. ACS Chem Biol 2018; 13:3021-3029. [PMID: 30204411 PMCID: PMC6257621 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.8b00815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Vibrio cholerae is a Gram-negative bacterium found in aquatic environments and a human pathogen of global significance. Its transition between host-associated and environmental lifestyles involves the tight regulation of niche-specific phenotypes such as motility, biofilm formation, and virulence. V. cholerae's transition from the host to environmental dispersal usually involves suppression of virulence and dispersion of biofilm communities. In contrast to this naturally occurring transition, bacterial aggregation by cationic polymers triggers a unique response, which is to suppress virulence gene expression while also triggering biofilm formation by V. cholerae, an artificial combination of traits that is potentially very useful to bind and neutralize the pathogen from contaminated water. Here, we set out to uncover the mechanistic basis of this polymer-triggered bacterial behavior. We found that bacteria-polymer aggregates undergo rapid autoinduction and achieve quorum sensing at bacterial densities far below those required for autoinduction in the absence of polymers. We demonstrate this induction of quorum sensing is due both to a rapid formation of autoinducer gradients and local enhancement of autoinducer concentrations within bacterial clusters as well as the stimulation of CAI-1 and AI-2 production by aggregated bacteria. We further found that polymers cause an induction of the biofilm-specific regulator VpsR and the biofilm structural protein RbmA, bypassing the usual suppression of biofilm during autoinduction. Overall, this study highlights that synthetic materials can be used to cross-wire natural bacterial responses to achieve a combination of phenotypes with potentially useful applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Perez-Soto
- School
of Biosciences, Institute of Microbiology and Infection, and School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Oliver Creese
- School
of Biosciences, Institute of Microbiology and Infection, and School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Francisco Fernandez-Trillo
- School
of Biosciences, Institute of Microbiology and Infection, and School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Anne-Marie Krachler
- University
of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Department of Microbiology and Molecular
Genetics, 6431 Fannin
Street, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
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9
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Richards SJ, Jones A, Tomás RMF, Gibson MI. Photochemical "In-Air" Combinatorial Discovery of Antimicrobial Co-polymers. Chemistry 2018; 24:13758-13761. [PMID: 30069965 PMCID: PMC6391955 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 07/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
There is an urgent need to identify new, non‐traditional antimicrobials. The discovery of new polymeric antimicrobials is limited by current low‐throughput synthetic tools, which means that limited chemical space has been explored. Herein, we employ photochemical “in‐air” reversible addition–fragmentation chain‐transfer (RAFT) polymerization with microwell plates, using liquid‐handling robots to assemble large libraries of cationic polymers, without the need for degassing or purification steps, facilitating transfer to screening. Several lead polymers were identified including a co‐polymer with propylene glycol side chains with significantly enhanced antimicrobial activity and increased therapeutic window. Mechanistic studies showed that this polymer was bacteriostatic, and surprisingly did not lyse the cell membranes, implying an alternative mode of action. This versatile method using simple robotics will help to develop new biomaterials with emergent properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah-Jane Richards
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV47AL, UK
| | - Adam Jones
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV47AL, UK
| | - Ruben M F Tomás
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV47AL, UK
| | - Matthew I Gibson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV47AL, UK.,Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, CV4 7AL, UK
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10
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Richards SJ, Isufi K, Wilkins LE, Lipecki J, Fullam E, Gibson MI. Multivalent Antimicrobial Polymer Nanoparticles Target Mycobacteria and Gram-Negative Bacteria by Distinct Mechanisms. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:256-264. [PMID: 29195272 PMCID: PMC5761047 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b01561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Because of the emergence of antimicrobial resistance to traditional small-molecule drugs, cationic antimicrobial polymers are appealing targets. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a particular problem, with multi- and total drug resistance spreading and more than a billion latent infections globally. This study reports nanoparticles bearing variable densities of poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) and the unexpected and distinct mechanisms of action this multivalent presentation imparts against Escherichia coli versus Mycobacterium smegmatis (model of M. tuberculosis), leading to killing or growth inhibition, respectively. A convergent "grafting to" synthetic strategy was used to assemble a 50-member nanoparticle library, and using a high-throughput screen identified that only the smallest (2 nm) particles were stable in both saline and complex cell media. Compared with the linear polymers, the nanoparticles displayed two- and eight-fold enhancements in antimicrobial activity against M. smegmatis and E. coli, respectively. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that the antimicrobial particles were bactericidal against E. coli due to rapid disruption of the cell membranes. Conversely, against M. smegmatis the particles did not lyse the cell membrane but rather had a bacteriostatic effect. These results demonstrate that to develop new polymeric antituberculars the widely assumed, broad spectrum, membrane-disrupting mechanism of polycations must be re-evaluated. It is clear that synthetic nanomaterials can engage in more complex interactions with mycobacteria, which we hypothesize is due to the unique cell envelope at the surface of these bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah-Jane Richards
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Klea Isufi
- School
of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Laura E. Wilkins
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
- Warwick
Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Julia Lipecki
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
- School
of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Fullam
- School
of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew I. Gibson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
- Warwick
Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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11
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Sathiyaraj S, Kumar KA, Jailani Shanavas AK, Sultan Nasar AS. The First Example of Bisindole-Based Polyurethane Dendrimers: Synthesis and Performance in DSSC. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201701160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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12
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Pashaei-Asl R, Khodadadi K, Pashaei-Asl F, Haqshenas G, Ahmadian N, Pashaiasl M, Hajihosseini Baghdadabadi R. Legionella Pneumophila and Dendrimers-Mediated Antisense Therapy. Adv Pharm Bull 2017; 7:179-187. [PMID: 28761819 PMCID: PMC5527231 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2017.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2017] [Revised: 04/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Finding novel and effective antibiotics for treatment of Legionella disease is a challenging field. Treatment with antibiotics usually cures Legionella infection; however, if the resultant disease is not timely recognized and treated properly, it leads to poor prognosis and high case fatality rate. Legionella pneumophila DrrA protein (Defects in Rab1 recruitment protein A)/also known as SidM affects host cell vesicular trafficking through modification of the activity of cellular small guanosine triphosphatase )GTPase( Rab (Ras-related in brain) function which facilitates intracellular bacterial replication within a supporter vacuole. Also, Legionella pneumophila LepA and LepB (Legionella effector protein A and B) proteins suppress host-cell Rab1 protein's function resulting in the cell lysis and release of bacteria that subsequently infect neighbour cells. Legionella readily develops resistant to antibiotics and, therefore, new drugs with different modes of action and therapeutic strategic approaches are urgently required among antimicrobial drug therapies;gene therapy is a novel approach for Legionnaires disease treatment. On the contrary to the conventional treatment approaches that target bacterial proteins, new treatment interventions target DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid), RNA (Ribonucleic acid) species, and different protein families or macromolecular complexes of these components. The above approaches can overcome the problems in therapy of Legionella infections caused by antibiotics resistance pathogens. Targeting Legionella genes involved in manipulating cellular vesicular trafficking using a dendrimer-mediated antisense therapy is a promising approach to inhibit bacterial replication within the target cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roghiyeh Pashaei-Asl
- Department of Biology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Anatomy, Medical School, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khodadad Khodadadi
- Genetic Theme, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Fatima Pashaei-Asl
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Haqshenas
- Microbiology Department, Biomedical Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nasser Ahmadian
- Transplantation Center, Department of Curative Affairs, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Pashaiasl
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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13
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Shcharbin D, Shcharbina N, Dzmitruk V, Pedziwiatr-Werbicka E, Ionov M, Mignani S, de la Mata FJ, Gómez R, Muñoz-Fernández MA, Majoral JP, Bryszewska M. Dendrimer-protein interactions versus dendrimer-based nanomedicine. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 152:414-422. [PMID: 28167455 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 01/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Dendrimers are hyperbranched polymers belonging to the huge class of nanomedical devices. Their wide application in biology and medicine requires understanding of the fundamental mechanisms of their interactions with biological systems. Summarizing, electrostatic force plays the predominant role in dendrimer-protein interactions, especially with charged dendrimers. Other kinds of interactions have been proven, such as H-bonding, van der Waals forces, and even hydrophobic interactions. These interactions depend on the characteristics of both participants: flexibility and surface charge of a dendrimer, rigidity of protein structure and the localization of charged amino acids at its surface. pH and ionic strength of solutions can significantly modulate interactions. Ligands and cofactors attached to a protein can also change dendrimer-protein interactions. Binding of dendrimers to a protein can change its secondary structure, conformation, intramolecular mobility and functional activity. However, this strongly depends on rigidity versus flexibility of a protein's structure. In addition, the potential applications of dendrimers to nanomedicine are reviwed related to dendrimer-protein interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dzmitry Shcharbin
- Institute of Biophysics and Cell Engineering of NASB, Minsk, Belarus.
| | | | - Volha Dzmitruk
- Institute of Biophysics and Cell Engineering of NASB, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Elzbieta Pedziwiatr-Werbicka
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Maksim Ionov
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Serge Mignani
- Université Paris Descartes, Laboratoire de Chimie et de Biochimie pharmacologiques et toxicologique, Paris, France
| | - F Javier de la Mata
- Departamento Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Spain
| | - Rafael Gómez
- Departamento Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Spain
| | - Maria Angeles Muñoz-Fernández
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Spain; Laboratorio InmunoBiología Molecular, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain; Spanish HIV-HGM BioBank, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jean-Pierre Majoral
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, CNRS, Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Maria Bryszewska
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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14
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De Rosa M, Vigliotta G, Soriente A, Capaccio V, Gorrasi G, Adami R, Reverchon E, Mella M, Izzo L. “Leaching or not leaching”: an alternative approach to antimicrobial materials via copolymers containing crown ethers as active groups. Biomater Sci 2017; 5:741-751. [DOI: 10.1039/c6bm00950f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
New copolymers containing MMA and 18C6 crown-ether pendants, with or without a PEG arm, were synthesized to check if sequestering structural alkali-earth ions from the bacterial outer membrane (OM) may lead to bacterial death.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. De Rosa
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia
- Università degli Studi di Salerno
- 132, 84084 Fisciano (SA)
- Italy
| | - G. Vigliotta
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia
- Università degli Studi di Salerno
- 132, 84084 Fisciano (SA)
- Italy
| | - A. Soriente
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia
- Università degli Studi di Salerno
- 132, 84084 Fisciano (SA)
- Italy
| | - V. Capaccio
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia
- Università degli Studi di Salerno
- 132, 84084 Fisciano (SA)
- Italy
| | - G. Gorrasi
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale
- Università degli Studi di Salerno
- 132, 84084 Fisciano (SA)
- Italy
| | - R. Adami
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale
- Università degli Studi di Salerno
- 132, 84084 Fisciano (SA)
- Italy
| | - E. Reverchon
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale
- Università degli Studi di Salerno
- 132, 84084 Fisciano (SA)
- Italy
| | - M. Mella
- Dipartimento di Scienza ed Alta Tecnologia
- Università degli Studi dell'Insubria
- 11, 22100 Como
- Italy
| | - L. Izzo
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia
- Università degli Studi di Salerno
- 132, 84084 Fisciano (SA)
- Italy
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