Expanding the Role of Chiral Drugs and Chiral Nanomaterials as a Potential Therapeutic Tool

Chirality, the property of molecules having mirror-image forms, plays a crucial role in pharmaceutical and biomedical research. This review highlights its growing importance, emphasizing how chiral drugs and nanomaterials impact drug effectiveness, safety, and diagnostics. Chiral molecules serve as precise diagnostic tools, aiding in accurate disease detection through unique biomolecule interactions. The article extensively covers chiral drug applications in treating cardiovascular diseases, CNS disorders, local anesthesia, anti-inflammatories, antimicrobials, and anticancer drugs. Additionally, it explores the emerging field of chiral nanomaterials, highlighting their suitability for biomedical applications in diagnostics and therapeutics, enhancing medical treatments.

Enabling Stereochemical Communication and Stimuli-Responsive Chiroptical Properties in Biphenyl-Capped Cyclodextrins

Chiroptical materials are gaining increasing interest due to their innovative character and their applications in optoelectronics and data encryption technologies. Fully harnessing the potential of building blocks from the "chiral pool", such as native cyclodextrins (CDs), as they often lack chromophores suitable for the construction of materials with significant chiroptical properties. Here, we present the synthesis and characterization of a two-level molecular stack consisting of a point-chiral element (CD) and an axially chiral element (biphenyl), capable of effectively translating the overall stereochemical information contained in CDs into stimuli-responsive chiroptical properties. α- and β-permethylated CDs were efficiently capped with two different 2,2'-difunctionalized 1,1'-biphenyl units. In CD derivatives containing the rigid 2,2'-dihydroxy-1,1'-biphenyl cap, two intramolecular hydrogen bonds act synergistically as stereoselective actuators, enabling effective communication between the two levels and the transfer of nonchromophoric stereochemical information from the cyclic-oligosaccharide to the atropoisomeric cap. The chiroptical properties can be finely tuned by external stimuli such as temperature and solvent. The way chirality is transferred from the CD platform to the biphenyl cap was revealed thanks to crystallographic and computational analyses, together with electronic circular dichroism (ECD) studies.

Chiral assembly of organic luminogens with aggregation-induced emission

Chirality is important to chemistry, biology and optoelectronic materials. The study on chirality has lasted for more than 170 years since its discovery. Recently, chiral materials with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) have attracted increasing interest because of their fascinating photophysical properties. In this review, we discussed the recent development of chiral materials with AIE properties, including their molecular structures, self-assembly and functions. Generally, the most effective strategy to design a chiral AIE luminogen (AIEgen) is to attach a chiral scaffold to an AIE-active fluorophore through covalent bonds. Moreover, some propeller-like or shell-like AIEgens without chiral units exhibit latent chirality upon mirror image symmetry breaking. The chirality of achiral AIEgens can also be induced by some optically active molecules through non-covalent interactions. The introduction of an AIE unit into chiral materials can enhance the efficiency of their circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) in the solid state and the dissymmetric factors of their helical architectures formed through self-assembly. Thus, highly efficient circularly polarized organic light-emitting diodes (CPOLEDs) with AIE characteristics are developed and show great potential in 3D displays. Chiral AIEgens are also widely utilized as "turn on" sensors for rapid enantioselective determination of chiral reagents. It is anticipated that the present review can entice readers to realize the importance of chirality and attract much more chemists to contribute their efforts to chirality and AIE study.

Chiroptical sensing of perrhenate in aqueous media by a chiral organic cage

A chiral cage is proposed as an effective chiroptical sensor for perrhenate (surrogate for 99TcO4-) in water, fruit juice and artificial urine medium. The key mechanism for the chiroptical sensing...

Recent advances on triptycene derivatives in supramolecular and materials chemistry

Triptycene derivatives, a type of specific aromatic compound, have been attracting much attention in many research areas. Over the past several years, triptycene and its derivatives have been described to be useful and efficient building blocks for the design and synthesis of novel supramolecular acceptors, porous materials and luminescent materials with specific structures and properties. In this review, recent researches on triptycene derivatives in supramolecular and materials chemistry are summarized. Especially, the construction of a new type of macrocyclic arenes and organic cages with triptycene and its derivatives as building blocks are focused on, and their applications in molecular recognition, self-assembly and gas selective sorption are highlighted. Moreover, the applications of triptycene and its derivatives in porous organic materials and thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials are also discussed.

Helical Nanofibers Formed by Palladium-Mediated Assembly of Organic Homochiral Macrocycles Containing Binaphthyl and Pyridyl Units

Herein, we report the synthesis and characterization of homochiral macrocycles, in which molecular rigidity, combined with the presence of multiple functional groups, allow for the assembly of helical nanostructures. 1,1'-bi-2-naphthol (Binol) units are used as robust chirality inducers, and pyridyl units embedded within the molecular frameworks allow the assembly, upon coordination with Pd(II) metal ions, of the macrocyclic building blocks. CD and NMR spectroscopies show the formation of ordered 1D assembly in solution. AFM studies indicate that the molecular systems are capable of forming nanoscale structures. The effective transfer of chiral information results in helical nanofibers, with lengths ranging from a few hundreds of nanometers to some micrometers. AFM line profiles reveal a helical longitudinal period of about 50 nm and a transverse width of 25 to 45 nm after deconvolution.

Aggregation-Induced Circularly Polarized Luminescence: Chiral Organic Materials for Emerging Optical Technologies

Chirality is becoming increasingly important in the design of organic materials with functional properties, when bulk anisotropy is needed. In the past decades, a plethora of chiral organic materials have been studied and developed. Nanostructures have brought substantial advancement to the realization of organic-molecule-based devices, and the possibilities for solid-state light emission are very promising in view of potential applications. Scientific approaches to the realization of chiral emissive materials are indeed growing exponentially. The chiral nanostructures discussed are related both to the way in which luminescence is generated and the way in which it is detected. As to the former, the focus will be on organic chromophores with aggregation-induced emission properties, so that emission is present, or at least largely amplified, when the molecules are in the aggregated state. As to the latter, the focus will be on the ability and a quantitative comparison of organic nanostructures capable of circularly polarized emission.

Chiral Triptycenes in Supramolecular and Materials Chemistry

Triptycenes are an intriguing class of organic molecules with several unusual characteristics, such as a propeller-like shape, saddle-like cavities around a symmetrical scaffold, a rigid π-framework. They have been extensively studied and proposed as key synthons for a variety of applications in supramolecular chemistry and materials science. When decorated with an appropriate substitution pattern, triptycenes can be chiral, and, similarly to other popular chiral π-extended synthons, can express chirality robustly, efficiently, and with relevance to chiroptical spectroscopies. This minireview highlights and encompasses recent advances in the synthesis of chiral triptycenes and in their introduction as molecular scaffolds for the assembly of functional supramolecular materials.

Aptamer-Functionalized Three-Dimensional Carbon Nanowebs for Ultrasensitive and Free-Standing PDGF Biosensor

Research on flexible biosensors is mostly focused on their use in obtaining information on physical signals (such as temperature, heart rate, pH, and intraocular pressure). Consequently, there are hardly any studies on using flexible electronics for detecting biomolecules and biomarkers that cause diseases. In this study, we propose a flexible, three-dimensional carbon nanoweb (3DCNW)-based aptamer sensor to detect the platelet-induced growth factor (PDGF), which is an oncogenic biomarker. As a template for the 3D structure, poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN) nanowebs were synthesized using a facile electrospinning process. The PAN nanowebs were then subjected to chemical vapor deposition with copper powder. This was followed by Cu etching to generate carbon protrusions on the web surface. As an active site, PDGF-B binding aptamer was introduced on the 3DCNW surface to form biosensor electrodes. The 3DCNW-based aptasensor exhibited excellent sensitivity (down to 1.78 fM), with high selectivity, reversibility, and stability to PDGF-BB.

Synthesis and Evaluation of Scalable D-A-D π-Extended Oligomers as p-Type Organic Materials for Bulk-Heterojunction Solar Cells

The synthesis and characterization of four novel donor-acceptor-donor π-extended oligomers, incorporating naphtha(1-b)thiophene-4-carboxylate or benzo(b)thieno(3,2-g) benzothiophene-4-carboxylate 2-octyldodecyl esters as end-capping moieties, and two different conjugated core fragments, is reported. The end-capping moieties are obtained via a cascade sequence of sustainable organic reactions, and then coupled to benzo(c)(1,2,5)thiadiazole and its difluoro derivative as the electron-poor π-conjugated cores. The optoelectronic properties of the oligomers are reported. The novel compounds revealed good film forming properties, and when tested in bulk-heterojunction organic photovoltaic cell devices in combination with PC61BM, revealed good fill factors, but low efficiencies, due to their poor absorption profiles.

Binaphthyl-Based Macrocycles as Optical Sensors for Aromatic Diphenols

The synthesis of several rigid, homochiral organic macrocycles possessing, respectively, average molecular D₂ and D₃ symmetries, is described. They have been obtained from aromatic dicarboxylic acids, in combination with an axially-chiral, suitable dibenzylic alcohol, derived from 1,1'-binaphthyl-2,2'-diol (BINOL) using one-pot esterification reactions in good isolated yields. NMR and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopies detect the structural and shape variability in the scaffolds, reflected both in terms of the changes in chemical shifts and the shape of selected proton resonances, and in terms of the variation of the CD signature related to the dihedral angle defined by the binaphthyl units embedded in the rigid cyclic skeleton. The D₂ cyclic adducts are able to form stable complexes with aromatic diphenols, with binding strengths that are dependent on small variations in the spacing units, and therefore on the shapes of the internal cavities of the cyclic structures.

Triptycenyl Sulfide: A Practical and Active Catalyst for Electrophilic Aromatic Halogenation Using N-Halosuccinimides

A Lewis base catalyst Trip-SMe (Trip = triptycenyl) for electrophilic aromatic halogenation using N-halosuccinimides (NXS) is introduced. In the presence of an appropriate activator (as a noncoordinating-anion source), a series of unactivated aromatic compounds were halogenated at ambient temperature using NXS. This catalytic system was applicable to transformations that are currently unachievable except for the use of Br₂ or Cl₂: e.g., multihalogenation of naphthalene, regioselective bromination of BINOL, etc. Controlled experiments revealed that the triptycenyl substituent exerts a crucial role for the catalytic activity, and kinetic experiments implied the occurrence of a sulfonium salt [Trip-S(Me)Br][SbF₆] as an active species. Compared to simple dialkyl sulfides, Trip-SMe exhibited a significant charge-separated ion pair character within the halonium complex whose structural information was obtained by the single-crystal X-ray analysis. A preliminary computational study disclosed that the π system of the triptycenyl functionality is a key motif to consolidate the enhancement of electrophilicity.

Microwave Synthesis of Gold Nanoclusters with Garlic Extract Modifications for the Simple and Sensitive Detection of Lead Ions

Novel bovine serum albumin (BSA)-gold nanoclusters with garlic extract modifications (mw_G-BSA-AuNCs) were prepared through microwave-assisted rapid synthesis. The modified nanoclusters were characterized and used for the simple and sensitive detection of Pb²⁺ ions. Both turn-on and turn-off methods were used and compared for Pb²⁺ ion detection. For Pb²⁺ ions, the preparation time for the modified nanoclusters was 10 min, and the detection time for the nanoclusters was 6 min. The modified nanoclusters were stable, and their fluorescence intensities changed by less than 10% in 60 days. The detection limit and linear range for the “off-on” method of mw_G-BSA-AuNCs for Pb²⁺ ion detection were 0.28 and 1–20 nM, respectively. The recoveries of the mw_G-BSA-AuNCs probe used for the detection of the Pb(II) ion in tap water ranged from 93.8% to 102.2%, with an average of 97.1%. The “off-on” method of mw_G-BSA-AuNCs can provide a lower detection limit, higher selectivity, and better recovery than the commonly used “turn-off” methods of mw_BSA-AuNCs for Pb²⁺ ion detection. The proposed method is superior to other methods proposed from 2018 to 2019 because it can provide a shorter preparation time and a lower detection limit with good selectivity. The microwave-assisted novel compound, mw_G-BSA-AuNCs, can be rapidly synthesized in a green manner and can provide a low detection limit, good selectivity, and a simple and fast reaction for Pb²⁺ ion detection.

Coordination-driven assembly of a supramolecular square and oxidation to a tetra-ligand radical species

The design and synthesis of a supramolecular square was achieved by coordination-driven assembly of redox-active nickel(ii) salen linkers and (ethylenediamine)palladium(ii) nodes. The tetrameric geometry of the supramolecular structure was confirmed via MS, NMR, and electrochemical experiments. While oxidation of the monomeric metalloligand Schiff-base affords a Ni(iii) species, oxidation of the coordination-driven assembly results in ligand radical formation.

Chiroptical and catalytic properties of doubly binaphthyl-strapped chiral porphyrins

Doubly (R)-binaphthyl-strapped porphyrins with methylene chains were synthesized.

Chiral Recognition of L- and D- Amino Acid by Porphyrin Supramolecular Aggregates

We report of the interactions between four amino acids lysine (Lys), arginine (Arg), histidine (His), and phenylalanine (Phe) with the J-aggregates of the protonated 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)-porphyrin H₄TPPS. Several aspects of these self-assembled systems have been analyzed: (i) the chiral transfer process; (ii) the hierarchical effects leading to the aggregates formation; and, (iii) the influence of the amino acid concentrations on both transferring and storing chiral information. We have demonstrated that the efficient control on the J-aggregates chirality is obtained when all amino acids are tested and that the chirality transfer process is under hierarchical control. Finally, the chiral porphyrin aggregates obtained exhibit strong chiral inertia.

Chiral Upconversion Heterodimers for Quantitative Analysis and Bioimaging of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria In Vivo

Heterodimers of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) and gold yolk-shell nanoparticles are fabricated for the quantification of polymyxin-B-resistant Escherichia coli. They produce two signals, circular dichroism (CD) and upconversion luminescence (UCL). Interestingly, due to the different affinity of polymyxin B for sensitive and resistant strain, as the concentration of polymyxin B increases, the amount of UCNPs in sensitive bacteria increases sharply, increasing the intracellular UCL signal at a low polymyxin B concentration immobilized on the UCNP. The CD intensity is correspondingly reduced as the amount of UCNPs in solution decreased. Meanwhile, for polymyxin-B-resistant strain, the intracellular UCL increases slowly even in a high polymyxin B concentration, and the CD intensity in solution is also enhanced because of the inefficient entering of UCNP. Therefore, based on the concentration of polymyxin B coupled to the UCNPs, the levels of polymyxin-B-resistant bacteria can be detected with dual signals. Importantly, with 980 nm irradiation, both polymyxin-B-sensitive strains and polymyxin-resistant bacteria used to induce infection in mice are detected with UCL imaging in vivo and treated well with photodynamic therapy. This novel dual-mode heterodimer has potential utility for the advanced surveillance and control of drug-resistant bacteria.

A colorimetric paper-based sensor for toltrazuril and its metabolites in feed, chicken, and egg samples

In this study, a sensitive monoclonal antibody (mAb) against toltrazuril (Tol) was developed based on a novel hapten. The 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC₅₀) of toltrazuril and its metabolites ranged from 2.19 ng/mL to 4.21 ng/mL. Based on this mAb, a colorimetric paper-based sensor was developed for the rapid screening of Tol and its metabolites in samples. The proposed assay has cutoff values of <20 μg/kg for Tol and 50 μg/kg for Tol sulfone when evaluated with the naked eye, and the results could be obtained in 15 min. Quantitative results were obtained with a strip scan reader, with limits of detection <2.60 μg/kg for Tol and its metabolites in real samples. The sensitivity of both qualitative and quantitative detection meets the European Union requirements. Therefore, this strip assay provides a useful tool for the on-site detection and rapid initial screening of Tol and its derivatives in feed, egg, and chicken samples.

Gold Nanoparticle-Based Paper Sensor for Simultaneous Detection of 11 Benzimidazoles by One Monoclonal Antibody

A colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay based on a generic monoclonal antibody is developed for the simultaneous detection of benzimidazoles and metabolite residues in milk samples. The monoclonal antibody is prepared using 2-(methoxycarbonylamino)-3H-benzimidazole-5-carboxylic acid as the hapten, and it can recognize 11 types of benzimidazoles simultaneously. The immunochromatographic strip is assembled and labeled using gold nanoparticles. This strip can detect 11 benzimidazoles including albendazole, albendazole s-oxide, albendazole sulfone, fenbendazole, fenbendazole sulfone, flubendazole, mebendazole, parbendazole, oxfendazole, oxibendazole, and carbendazim within 15 min in milk samples. Results are obtained visually with the naked eye, and the cutoff values and the visual limit of detection values for these benzimidazoles are 25, 6.25, 12.5, 12.5, 50, 25, 50, 50, 50, 6.25, and 25 ng mL^-1 , and 6.25, 3.125, 3.125, 1.56, 12.5, 6.25, 12.5, 12.5, 6.25, 0.78, and 12.5 ng mL^-1 , respectively. Results are also obtained using a hand-held strip scan reader, with calculated limit of detection values for these benzimidazoles of 0.83, 0.77, 1.83, 0.98, 7.67, 3.50, 3.96, 5.71, 0.92, 0.59, and 1.69 ng mL^-1 , respectively. In short, the developed paper sensor is a useful tool for rapid and simple screening of residues of benzimidazoles in milk samples.

A Chiral-Nanoassemblies-Enabled Strategy for Simultaneously Profiling Surface Glycoprotein and MicroRNA in Living Cells

Assemblies of nanomaterials for biological applications in living cells have attracted much attention. Herein, graphene oxide (GO)-gold nanoparticle (Au NP) assemblies are driven by a splint DNA strand, which is designed with two regions at both ends that are complementary with the DNA sequence anchored on the surface of the GO and the Au NPs. In the presence of microRNA (miR)-21 and epithelial cell-adhesion molecule (EpCAM), the hybridization of miR-21 with a molecular probe leads to the separation of 6-fluorescein-phosphoramidite-modified Au NPs from GO, resulting in a decrease in the Raman signal, while EpCAM recognition reduces circular dichroism (CD) signals. The CD signals reverse from negative in original assemblies into positive when reacted with cells, which correlates with two enantiomer geometries. The EpCAM detection has a good linear range of 8.47-74.78 pg mL^-1 and a limit of detection (LOD) of 3.63 pg mL^-1 , whereas miR-21 detection displays an outstanding linear range of 0.07-13.68 amol ng^-1_RNA and LOD of 0.03 amol ng^-1_RNA . All the results are in good agreement with those of the Raman and confocal bioimaging. The strategy opens up an avenue to allow the highly accurate and reliable diagnosis (dual targets) of clinic diseases.

Regulation of the Electroanalytical Performance of Ultrathin Titanium Dioxide Nanosheets toward Lead Ions by Non-Metal Doping

Three non-metallic elements, sulfur, fluorine, and iodine, were used to dope the ultrathin two-dimensional TiO₂ nanosheets, which would regulate their electroanalytical properties toward heavy metal ions. Among these doped materials, fluorine-doped TiO₂ nanosheets shows the highest electrochemical sensitivity and a superior detection limit toward Pb(II) when the doping concentration is 10%. When compared with the bare TiO₂ nanosheets, the sensitivity increased by 102%, and the detection limit decreased by 36.4%. Through combining further electrochemical experiments and density-functional theory calculations, the enhanced electrochemical performance stemming from element doping was then investigated in detail. The theoretical calculation demonstrated that fluorine doping could greatly increase the adsorption energy of Pb(II) on the TiO₂ nanosheets and enhance their loading capacity. Both cyclic voltammetric and electrical impedance spectroscopy analysis indicated the enhanced electron transfer rate on the electrode modified by fluorine-doped TiO₂ nanosheets. Further measurement on the desorption performance showed the better stripping response of Pb(II) on the electrode with TiO₂ nanosheets after fluorine doping, which suggests that fluorine doping is beneficial for Pb(II) diffuse onto the electrode surface for the reduction and stripping reaction. Therefore, the element doping of two-dimensional TiO₂ nanosheets provides a facile method to extend the electronic materials toward detection of heavy metal ions in the environment.

Chiral Nanotubes

Organic nanotubes, as assembled nanospaces, in which to carry out host-guest chemistry, reversible binding of smaller species for transport, sensing, storage or chemical transformation purposes, are currently attracting substantial interest, both as biological ion channel mimics, or for addressing tailored material properties. Nature's materials and machinery are universally asymmetric, and, for chemical entities, controlled asymmetry comes from chirality. Together with carbon nanotubes, conformationally stable molecular building blocks and macrocycles have been used for the realization of organic nanotubes, by means of their assembly in the third dimension. In both cases, chiral properties have started to be fully exploited to date. In this paper, we review recent exciting developments in the synthesis and assembly of chiral nanotubes, and of their functional properties. This review will include examples of either molecule-based or macrocycle-based systems, and will try and rationalize the supramolecular interactions at play for the three-dimensional (3D) assembly of the nanoscale architectures.

Ultrasensitive Detection of Prostate-Specific Antigen and Thrombin Based on Gold-Upconversion Nanoparticle Assembled Pyramids

Self-assembled nanostructures have been used for the detection of numerous cancer biomarkers. In this study, a gold-upconversion-nanoparticle (Au-UCNP) pyramid based on aptamers is fabricated to simultaneously detect thrombin and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) using surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and fluorescence, respectively. The higher the concentration of thrombin, the lower the intensity of SERS. PSA connected with the PSA aptamer leads to an increase in fluorescence intensity. The limit of detection of thrombin and PSA reaches 57 × 10^-18 and 0.032 × 10^-18 m, respectively. In addition, the pyramid also exhibits great target specificity. The results of human serum target detection demonstrate that the Au-UCNP pyramid is an excellent choice for the quantitative determination of cancer biomarkers, and is feasible for the early diagnosis of cancer.

SERS- and luminescence-active Au-Au-UCNP trimers for attomolar detection of two cancer biomarkers

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and mucoprotein1 (mucin-1) are two important disease biomarkers. Self-assembled gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and upconversion nanoparticle (Au-Au-UCNP) trimers based on aptamers were developed for the ultrasensitive detection of AFP and mucin-1. The Au-Au-UCNP trimers produced ideal optical signals, with prominent Raman enhancement and fluorescence quenching effects. The surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) intensity decreased in the presence of mucin-1 and the luminescence intensity increased in the presence of AFP. A limit of detection (LOD) of 4.1 aM and a wide linear range of 0.01-10 fM for the detection of mucin-1 were obtained with this SERS-encoded sensing system. Using the luminescence-encoded sensing system, a LOD of 0.059 aM and a wide linear range of 1-100 aM for the detection of AFP were obtained. These LODs are the lowest values reported so far. This approach has the advantage of detecting two disease biomarkers simultaneously.

Synthesis, Structure, and Photophysical/Chiroptical Properties of Benzopicene-Based π-Conjugated Molecules

The convenient synthesis of substituted benzopicenes and azabenzopicenes has been achieved by the cationic rhodium(I)/H₈-BINAP or BINAP complex-catalyzed [2+2+2] cycloaddition under mild conditions. This method was applied to the synthesis of benzopicene-based long ladder and helical molecules. The X-ray crystal structure analysis revealed that the benzopicene-based helical molecule is highly distorted and the average distance of overlapped rings is markedly shorter than that in the triphenylene-based helical molecule. Photophysical and chiroptical properties of these benzopicene and azabenzopicene derivatives have also been examined. With respect to photophysical properties, substituted benzopicenes and azabenzopicenes showed red shifts of absorption and emission maxima compared with the corresponding triphenylenes and azatriphenylenes. With respect to chiroptical properties, the CPL spectra of the benzopicene-based helical molecule showed two opposite peaks, and thus the value of the CPL was smaller than that of the triphenylene-based helical molecule presumably due to the presence of two chiral fluorophores.

Steric and Stereochemical Modulation in Pyridyl- and Quinolyl-Containing Ligands

Nitrogen-containing pyridine and quinoline are outstanding platforms on which excellent ionophores and sensors for metal ions can be built. Steric and stereochemical effects can be used to modulate the affinity and selectivity of such ligands toward different metal ions on the coordination chemistry front. On the signal transduction front, such effects can also be used to modulate optical responses of these ligands in metal sensing systems. In this review, steric modulation of achiral ligands and stereochemical modulation in chiral ligands, especially ionophores and sensors for zinc, copper, silver, and mercury, are examined using published structural and spectral data. Although it might be more challenging to construct chiral ligands than achiral ones, isotropic and anisotropic absorption signals from a single chiroptical fluorescent sensor provide not only detection but also differentiation of multiple analytes with high selectivity.

Lateral fluoro-substitution and chiral effects on supramolecular liquid crystals containing rod-like and H-bonded bent-core mesogens

We report the first series of liquid crystalline supramolecular diads containing asymmetric rod-like and H-bonded bent-core mesogens with a wide BPI range, where biaxial parameters and HTP values are the most important factors to stabilize the BPI.