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Patra A, Shah A, Singh DP, Roy A, Kumar S. Novel Self-Assembling Supramolecular Phenanthro[9,10-a]phenazine Discotic Liquid Crystals: Synthesis, Characterization and Charge Transport Studies. Chem Asian J 2024:e202400542. [PMID: 38940412 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202400542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
The incorporation of heteroatoms in the chemical structure of organic molecules has been identified as analogous to the doping process adopted in silicon semiconductors to influence the nature of charge carriers. This strategy has been an eye-opener for material chemists in synthesizing new materials for optoelectronic applications. Phenanthro[9,10-a]phenazine-based mesogens have been synthesized via a cyclo-condensation pathway involving triphenylene-based diketone and o-phenyl diamines. The incorporation of phenazine moiety as discussed in this paper, alters the symmetric nature of the triphenylene. The phenanthro[9,10-a]phenazine-based mesogens exhibit hole mobility in the order of 10-4 cm2/Vs as measured by the space-charge limited current (SCLC) technique. The current density in the SCLC device increases with increasing temperature which indicates that the charge transport is associated with the thermally activated hopping process. This report attempts to elucidate the self-organization of asymmetric phenanthro[9,10-a] phenazine in the supramolecular liquid crystalline state and their potential for the fabrication of high-temperature optoelectronic devices. However, the low charge carrier mobility can be one of the challenges for device performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alakananda Patra
- Soft Condensed Matter, Raman Research Institute, C. V. Raman Avenue, Bengaluru, 560080, India
| | - Asmita Shah
- Unité de Dynamique et Structure des Matériaux Moléculaires (UDSMM), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO), UR 4476, 62228, Calais cedex, France
| | - Dharmendra Pratap Singh
- Unité de Dynamique et Structure des Matériaux Moléculaires (UDSMM), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO), UR 4476, 62228, Calais cedex, France
| | - Arun Roy
- Soft Condensed Matter, Raman Research Institute, C. V. Raman Avenue, Bengaluru, 560080, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Soft Condensed Matter, Raman Research Institute, C. V. Raman Avenue, Bengaluru, 560080, India
- Department of Chemistry, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bangalore, 560064, India
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2
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Gupta M, Krishna Km A, Sony S, Dhingra S, Shah A, Singh DP. First examples of room-temperature discotic nematic liquid crystals exhibiting ambipolar charge carrier mobilities. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:10652-10655. [PMID: 37581217 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc02440g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Four new room-temperature nematic liquid-crystalline (LC) dimers consisting of a wedge-shaped 3,4,5-tridecyloxy gallic ester molecule linked to either cyanobiphenyl, cholesteryl, pentaalkynylbenzene or triphenylene based moieties are reported. Dimers with pentaalkynylbenzene and triphenylene moieties in their room-temperature discotic nematic (ND) mesophase show ambipolar charge carrier mobilities of the order of 10-5 cm2 V-1 s-1 and 10-3 cm2 V-1 s-1, respectively, as measured using a time-of-flight (ToF) technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar (IIT-Ropar) Bara Phool, Punjab-140001, India.
| | - Abhinand Krishna Km
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar (IIT-Ropar) Bara Phool, Punjab-140001, India.
| | - Simran Sony
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar (IIT-Ropar) Bara Phool, Punjab-140001, India.
| | - Shallu Dhingra
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Sector-81, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Knowledge City, Manauli, Mohali 140306, India
| | - Asmita Shah
- Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, UR 4476, UDSMM, Unité de Dynamique et Structure des Matériaux Moléculaires, Calais F-62228, France
| | - Dharmendra Pratap Singh
- Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, UR 4476, UDSMM, Unité de Dynamique et Structure des Matériaux Moléculaires, Calais F-62228, France
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3
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Zellman CO, Williams VE. Strategies for promoting discotic nematic phases. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:2705-2709. [PMID: 36987609 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm00212h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
A series of discotic dimers were synthesized in an attempt to obtain nematic discotic liquid crystal phases. Although initial target compounds were nonmesogenic, the incorporation of bulky groups adjacent to the ester bridge, in conjunction with peripheral chains of mixed length, were used to promote the formation of an enantiotropic nematic phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carson O Zellman
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - Vance E Williams
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
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4
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Chen D, Tenopala‐Carmona F, Knöller JA, Mischok A, Hall D, Madayanad Suresh S, Matulaitis T, Olivier Y, Nacke P, Gießelmann F, Laschat S, Gather MC, Zysman‐Colman E. Mesogenic Groups Control the Emitter Orientation in Multi-Resonance TADF Emitter Films. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202218911. [PMID: 36760211 PMCID: PMC10947294 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202218911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
The use of thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters and emitters that show preferential horizontal orientation of their transition dipole moment (TDM) are two emerging strategies to enhance the efficiency of OLEDs. We present the first example of a liquid crystalline multi-resonance TADF (MR-TADF) emitter, DiKTa-LC. The compound possesses a nematic liquid crystalline phase between 80 °C and 110 °C. Importantly, the TDM of the spin-coated film shows preferential horizontal orientation, with an anisotropy factor, a, of 0.28, which is preserved in doped poly(vinylcarbazole) films. Green-emitting (λEL =492 nm) solution-processed OLEDs based on DiKTa-LC showed an EQEmax of 13.6 %. We thus demonstrate for the first time how self-assembly of a liquid crystalline TADF emitter can lead to the so-far elusive control of the orientation of the transition dipole in solution-processed films, which will be of relevance for high-performance solution-processed OLEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyang Chen
- Organic Semiconductor CentreEaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of St AndrewsSt AndrewsFifeKY16 9STUK
| | - Francisco Tenopala‐Carmona
- Humboldt Centre for Nano- and BiophotonicsDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of CologneGreinstr. 4-650939KölnGermany
| | - Julius A. Knöller
- Institut für Organische ChemieUniversität StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569StuttgartGermany
| | - Andreas Mischok
- Humboldt Centre for Nano- and BiophotonicsDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of CologneGreinstr. 4-650939KölnGermany
| | - David Hall
- Organic Semiconductor CentreEaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of St AndrewsSt AndrewsFifeKY16 9STUK
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel MaterialsUniversity of MonsMonsBelgium
| | - Subeesh Madayanad Suresh
- Organic Semiconductor CentreEaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of St AndrewsSt AndrewsFifeKY16 9STUK
| | - Tomas Matulaitis
- Organic Semiconductor CentreEaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of St AndrewsSt AndrewsFifeKY16 9STUK
| | - Yoann Olivier
- Laboratory for Computational Modeling of Functional MaterialsNamur Institute of Structured MatterUniversité de NamurRue de Bruxelles 615000NamurBelgium
| | - Pierre Nacke
- Institut für Physikalische ChemieUniversität StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569StuttgartGermany
| | - Frank Gießelmann
- Institut für Physikalische ChemieUniversität StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569StuttgartGermany
| | - Sabine Laschat
- Institut für Organische ChemieUniversität StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569StuttgartGermany
| | - Malte C. Gather
- Humboldt Centre for Nano- and BiophotonicsDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of CologneGreinstr. 4-650939KölnGermany
| | - Eli Zysman‐Colman
- Organic Semiconductor CentreEaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of St AndrewsSt AndrewsFifeKY16 9STUK
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5
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Abstract
With the advent of a new era of smart-technology, the demand for more economic optoelectronic materials that do not compromise with efficiency is gradually on the rise. Organic semiconductors provide greener alternatives to the conventional inorganic ones, but encounter the challenge of balancing charge carrier mobility with processability in devices. Discotic liquid crystals (DLCs), a class of self-assembling soft organic materials, possess the perfect degree of order and dynamics to address this challenge. Providing unidimensional charge carrier pathways through their nanoscale columnar architecture, DLCs can behave as efficient charge transport systems across a wide range of optoelectronic devices. Moreover, DLCs are solution-processable, thus reducing the fabrication cost. In this article, we have discussed the approaches towards developing DLCs as semiconductors, focusing on their molecular design concepts, supramolecular structures and electronic properties in the context of their charge carrier mobilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritobrata De
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector-81, SAS Nagar, Knowledge City, Manauli-140306, India.
| | - Santanu Kumar Pal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector-81, SAS Nagar, Knowledge City, Manauli-140306, India.
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6
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Nanocomposite system of a discotic liquid crystal doped with thiol capped gold nanoparticles. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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7
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De R, Sharma S, Sengupta S, Kumar Pal S. Discs to a 'Bright' Future: Exploring Discotic Liquid Crystals in Organic Light Emitting Diodes in the Era of New-Age Smart Materials. CHEM REC 2022; 22:e202200056. [PMID: 35594033 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
With the advent of a new decade and the paradigm shift of every sphere of urban life to virtual platforms, it has become imperative for the global researcher community to channelize efforts into upgradation of the existing display-technology. In this context, discotic liquid crystals (DLCs) are a class of self-assembling organic materials that are recently being explored in fabricating the emissive layers of organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). With their unique inherent structural and functional properties, they have the potential to challenge the currently prevailing OLED-emitters. Yet the applications of this promising class of materials in OLEDs have not been comprehensively reviewed in literature till now. In this account, we present an overview of the developments in the field of luminescent DLC-based emitters, supported by their associated photophysical phenomena and their performance parameters as emitters in fabricated OLED devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritobrata De
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), 140306, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Sushil Sharma
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), 140306, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Sanchita Sengupta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), 140306, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Santanu Kumar Pal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), 140306, Mohali, Punjab, India
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8
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Cao X, Li W, Li J, Zou L, Liu X, Ren X, Yu Z. Controlling the Balance of Photoluminescence and Photothermal Effect in
Cyanostilbene‐Based
Luminescent Liquid Crystals. CHINESE J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202100751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang‐Jian Cao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 China
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Low‐dimensional Materials Genome Initiative Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518071 China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Low‐dimensional Materials Genome Initiative Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518071 China
| | - Jiahua Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Low‐dimensional Materials Genome Initiative Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518071 China
| | - Lin Zou
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Low‐dimensional Materials Genome Initiative Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518071 China
| | - Xing‐Wang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Low‐dimensional Materials Genome Initiative Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518071 China
| | - Xiang‐Kui Ren
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 China
| | - Zhen‐Qiang Yu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Low‐dimensional Materials Genome Initiative Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518071 China
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9
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Cuerva C, Cano M, Lodeiro C. Advanced Functional Luminescent Metallomesogens: The Key Role of the Metal Center. Chem Rev 2021; 121:12966-13010. [PMID: 34370446 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The use of liquid crystals for the fabrication of displays incorporated in technological devices (TVs, calculators, screens of eBook's, tablets, watches) demonstrates the relevance that these materials have had in our way of living. However, society evolves, and improved devices are looked for as we create a more efficient and safe technology. In this context, metallomesogens can behave as multifunctional materials because they can combine the fluidic state of the mesophases with properties such as photo and electroluminescence, which offers new exciting possibilities in the field of optoelectronics, energy, environment, and even biomedicine. Herein, it has been established the role of the molecular geometry induced by the metal center in metallomesogens to achieve the self-assembly required in the liquid-crystalline mesophase. Likewise, the effect of the coordination environment in metallomesogens has been further analyzed because of its importance to induce mesomorphism. The structural analysis has been combined with an in-depth discussion of the properties of these materials, including their current and potential future applications. This review will provide a solid background to stimulate the development of novel and attractive metallomesogens that allow designing improved optoelectronic and microelectronic components. Additionally, nanoscience and nanotechnology could be used as a tool to approach the design of nanosystems based on luminescent metallomesogens for use in bioimaging or drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristián Cuerva
- BIOSCOPE Research Group, LAQV@REQUIMTE Chemistry Department, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Mercedes Cano
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Lodeiro
- BIOSCOPE Research Group, LAQV@REQUIMTE Chemistry Department, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.,PROTEOMASS Scientific Society, Rua dos Inventores, Madam Parque, Caparica Campus, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
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10
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De J, Yadav RAK, Yadav RS, Gupta SP, Joshi M, Roy Choudhury A, Jayakumar J, Jou JH, Cheng CH, Pal SK. Molecular Engineering for the Development of a Discotic Nematic Mesophase and Solid-State Emitter in Deep-Blue OLEDs. J Org Chem 2021; 86:7256-7262. [PMID: 33955757 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A unique strategy for the attainment of a discotic nematic (ND) mesophase is reported consisting of a central benzene core to which are attached two 4-alkylphenyl and two 4-pentylbiphenyl moieties diagonally via alkynyl linkers. The rotational nature and incompatibility of unequal phenylethynyl units led to the disruption of π-π interactions within cores that aids to the realization of ND phase and favors high solid-state emission. When used in OLEDs, compounds act as an efficient solid-state pure deep-blue emitter with Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage (CIEx,y) coordinates of (0.16, 0.07).
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Affiliation(s)
- Joydip De
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector-81, SAS Nagar, Knowledge City, Manauli 140306, India
| | | | - Rahul Singh Yadav
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector-81, SAS Nagar, Knowledge City, Manauli 140306, India
| | | | - Mayank Joshi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector-81, SAS Nagar, Knowledge City, Manauli 140306, India
| | - Angshuman Roy Choudhury
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector-81, SAS Nagar, Knowledge City, Manauli 140306, India
| | | | | | | | - Santanu Kumar Pal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector-81, SAS Nagar, Knowledge City, Manauli 140306, India
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11
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Ferroelectric columnar assemblies from the bowl-to-bowl inversion of aromatic cores. Nat Commun 2021; 12:768. [PMID: 33536427 PMCID: PMC7859410 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21019-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic ferroelectrics, in which the constituent molecules retain remanent polarization, represent an important topic in condensed-matter science, and their attractive properties, which include lightness, flexibility, and non-toxicity, are of potential use in state-of-the-art ferroelectric devices. However, the mechanisms for the generation of ferroelectricity in such organic compounds remain limited to a few representative concepts, which has hitherto severely hampered progress in this area. Here, we demonstrate that a bowl-to-bowl inversion of a relatively small organic molecule with a bowl-shaped π-aromatic core generates ferroelectric dipole relaxation. The present results thus reveal an unprecedented concept to produce ferroelectricity in small organic molecules, which can be expected to strongly impact materials science. Organic ferroelectrics are of potential use in state-of-the-art ferroelectric devices but mechanistic insight in generating ferroelectricity remains limited. Here, the authors demonstrate that a bowl-to-bowl inversion of a bowl shaped organic molecule generates ferroelectric dipole relaxation, extending the concept of ferroelectricity in small organic molecules.
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12
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Uttam R, Kumar S, Dhar R. Magnified charge carrier conduction, permittivity, and mesomorphic properties of columnar structure of a room temperature discotic liquid crystalline material due to the dispersion of low concentration ferroelectric nanoparticles. Phys Rev E 2020; 102:052702. [PMID: 33327178 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.102.052702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Liquid crystal nanocomposites have been a hot topic of research due to optimization of physical properties with such blending. There are several reports on enhancement of physical properties of nematic liquid crystals due to the blending of the nanomaterials. L. M. Lopatina and J. V. Selinger [Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 197802 (2009)]10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.197802 have even proposed a theory based on experimental results for the enhancement of the properties of the nematic mesophase in the presence of ferroelectric nanoparticles. However, discotic liquid crystal nanocomposites are less studied. In the present experimental work, we have studied the effect of ferroelectric (BaTiO_{3}) nanoparticles on a room temperature discotic liquid crystalline material, namely 1,5-dihydroxy-2,3,6,7-tetrakis(3,7-dimethyloctyloxy)-9,10-anthraquinone. We investigated the physical properties of low concentration ferroelectric nanoparticle dispersed discotic columnar structure, using calorimetric, optical, x-ray diffraction, and dielectric spectroscopy tools. Results show that inclusion of ferroelectric nanoparticles in the discotic matrix consolidates the stability of the columnar matrix of the Col_{h} phase by virtue of their ferroic nature. An enhancement in charge carrier conductivity by several orders of magnitude at ambient conditions has been observed which makes such systems highly appropriate for one-dimensional conductors. Low concentration of BaTiO_{3} nanoparticles substantially enhanced permittivity of the system also. A molecular relaxation mode has been observed in the middle frequency range of the dielectric spectra. Enhancement of these important parameters could be possible due to the ferroelectric nature of the dispersed nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Uttam
- Centre of Material Sciences, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Raman Research Institute, C. V. Raman Avenue, Sadashivanagar, Bengaluru 560080, India.,Department of Chemistry, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Bengaluru 560064, India
| | - Ravindra Dhar
- Centre of Material Sciences, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
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13
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Strengthening of columnar hexagonal phase of a room temperature discotic liquid crystalline material by using ferroelectric barium titanate nanoparticles. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.111609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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14
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González-Martínez AD, Chávez-Rojo MA, Sambriski EJ, Moreno-Razo JA. Defect-mediated colloidal interactions in a nematic-phase discotic solvent. RSC Adv 2019; 9:33413-33427. [PMID: 35529161 PMCID: PMC9073280 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra05377h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Interactions between colloidal inclusions dispersed in a nematic discotic liquid-crystalline solvent were investigated for different solute-solvent coupling conditions. The solvent was treated at the level of Gay-Berne discogens. Colloidal inclusions were coupled to the solvent with a generalized sphere-ellipsoid interaction potential. Energy strengths were varied to promote either homeotropic or planar mesogenic anchoring. Colloid-colloid interactions were modeled using a soft, excluded-volume contribution. Single-colloid and colloid-pair samples were evolved with Molecular Dynamics simulations. Equilibrium trajectories were used to characterize structural and dynamical properties of topological defects arising in the mesomorphic phase due to colloidal inclusions. Boojums were observed with planar anchoring, whereas Saturn rings were obtained with homeotropic anchoring. The manner in which these topological defects drive colloidal interactions was assessed through a free energy analysis, taking into account the relative orientation between a colloidal dyad and the nematic-field director. The dynamical behavior of defects was qualitatively surveyed from equilibrium trajectories borne from computer simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurora D González-Martínez
- Departamento de Física, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa Avenida San Rafael Atlixco No. 186, Colonia Vicentina, Delegación Iztapalapa Mexico City 09340 Mexico
| | - Marco A Chávez-Rojo
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua Circuito Universitario #1 s/n, Nuevo Campus Universitario Chihuahua Chihuahua 31000 Mexico
| | - Edward J Sambriski
- Department of Chemistry, Delaware Valley University Doylestown Pennsylvania 18901 USA
| | - José A Moreno-Razo
- Departamento de Física, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa Avenida San Rafael Atlixco No. 186, Colonia Vicentina, Delegación Iztapalapa Mexico City 09340 Mexico
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15
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Mallik S, Nayak A, Daschakraborty S, Kumar S, Suresh KA. Supramolecular Self-Assembly of Ionic Discotic Liquid Crystalline Dimer with DNA at Interfaces. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201800601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samapika Mallik
- Department of Physics; Indian Institute of Technology Patna; Patna 801103 India
| | - Alpana Nayak
- Department of Physics; Indian Institute of Technology Patna; Patna 801103 India
| | | | - Sandeep Kumar
- Raman Research Institute, Sadashivanagar; Bengaluru 560 080 India
| | - Kattera A. Suresh
- Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences; Prof. U. R. Rao Road, Jalahalli Bengaluru 560013 India
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16
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Mondal S, Bairi P, Das S, Nandi AK. Triarylamine-Cored Dendritic Molecular Gel for Efficient Colorometric, Fluorometric, and Impedometeric Detection of Picric Acid. Chemistry 2018; 24:5591-5600. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjoy Mondal
- Polymer Science Unit; Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur; Kolkata- 700 032 India
| | - Partha Bairi
- Polymer Science Unit; Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur; Kolkata- 700 032 India
| | - Sujoy Das
- Polymer Science Unit; Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur; Kolkata- 700 032 India
| | - Arun K. Nandi
- Polymer Science Unit; Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur; Kolkata- 700 032 India
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17
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Chen S, Guo H, Geng X, Yang F. Bowl liquid crystal based on cyclotriveratrylene derivatives with multiple triphenylene units: The influences of the numbers of triphenylene units on mesomorphic behaviors. J Mol Liq 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2017.12.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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18
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Gupta M, Gupta SP, Pal SK. TNF Induced Switching of Columnar Rectangular to Hexagonal Assemblies in a New Class of Triphenylene-Based Room Temperature Discotic Liquid Crystals. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:8593-8602. [PMID: 28817282 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b06737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A straightforward synthesis of triphenylene-based oligomeric systems that self-organize into room temperature columnar structures is presented. The compounds with longer spacer length (m = 10 and 12) exhibit columnar rectangular (Colr) mesophase whereas the compound with m = 8 exists in glassy Colr state. Interestingly, the Colr self-assembly of these compounds switches to columnar hexagonal (Colh) on doping the compounds with 2,4,7-trinitrofluorenone (TNF). For the dopant concentration of 1:1 with respect to native compound, an intermediate transition state between Colr and Colh phase was observed which completely transformed into the hexagonal phase on increasing the concentration to 1:2 (compound: TNF) and afterward. Both the Colr and Colh self-assemblies have been well resolved by detailed X-ray analysis. These kind of oligomeric compounds generally possess a combination of desirable alignment properties analogous to monomeric compounds and long-lived glassy states similar to that of polymeric mesogens. In addition, charge hopping behavior is expected to increase in these compounds due to donor-acceptor interactions. Overall, these compounds can find possible potential applications in semiconductor devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Gupta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali , Sector-81, Knowledge City, Manauli 140306, India
| | - Santosh Prasad Gupta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali , Sector-81, Knowledge City, Manauli 140306, India
| | - Santanu Kumar Pal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali , Sector-81, Knowledge City, Manauli 140306, India
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Bala I, Gupta SP, De J, Pal SK. Room-Temperature Columnar Nematic and Soft Crystalline Columnar Assemblies of a New Series of Perylene-Centred Disc Tetramers. Chemistry 2017; 23:12767-12778. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Indu Bala
- Department of Chemical Sciences; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali; Sector-81, Knowledge City Manauli 140306 India
| | - Santosh Prasad Gupta
- Department of Chemical Sciences; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali; Sector-81, Knowledge City Manauli 140306 India
| | - Joydip De
- Department of Chemical Sciences; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali; Sector-81, Knowledge City Manauli 140306 India
| | - Santanu Kumar Pal
- Department of Chemical Sciences; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali; Sector-81, Knowledge City Manauli 140306 India
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Gupta M, Gupta SP, Mohapatra SS, Dhara S, Pal SK. Room-Temperature Oligomeric Discotic Nematic Liquid Crystals over a Wide Temperature Range: Structure-Property Relationships. Chemistry 2017; 23:10626-10631. [PMID: 28509394 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201701578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The design and synthesis of three room-temperature discotic nematic (ND ) liquid crystals (LCs) is presented. The LC consists of an azobenzene core attached to which are four pentaalkynylbenzene (PA) units through flexible alkyl spacers. The presence of a short azo linking group provides more disorder in the system, thereby reducing the packing efficiency among the PA units and resulting into the formation of a room-temperature ND phase over a wide temperature range. Dielectric constant and birefringence studies were performed to gain further insights into the physical properties of the mesophase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Gupta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector-81, Knowledge City, Manauli, 140306, India
| | - Santosh Prasad Gupta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector-81, Knowledge City, Manauli, 140306, India
| | | | - Surajit Dhara
- School of Physics, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Santanu Kumar Pal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector-81, Knowledge City, Manauli, 140306, India
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Gupta SP, Gupta M, Pal SK. Highly Resolved Morphology of Room-Temperature Columnar Liquid Crystals Derived from Triphenylene and Multialkynylbenzene Using Reconstructed Electron Density Maps. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201701117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Prasad Gupta
- Department of Chemical Sciences; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector-81, Knowledge City; Manauli-140306 India
| | - Monika Gupta
- Department of Chemical Sciences; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector-81, Knowledge City; Manauli-140306 India
| | - Santanu Kumar Pal
- Department of Chemical Sciences; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector-81, Knowledge City; Manauli-140306 India
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