1
|
Queffélec C, Pati PB, Pellegrin Y. Fifty Shades of Phenanthroline: Synthesis Strategies to Functionalize 1,10-Phenanthroline in All Positions. Chem Rev 2024; 124:6700-6902. [PMID: 38747613 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
1,10-Phenanthroline (phen) is one of the most popular ligands ever used in coordination chemistry due to its strong affinity for a wide range of metals with various oxidation states. Its polyaromatic structure provides robustness and rigidity, leading to intriguing features in numerous fields (luminescent coordination scaffolds, catalysis, supramolecular chemistry, sensors, theranostics, etc.). Importantly, phen offers eight distinct positions for functional groups to be attached, showcasing remarkable versatility for such a simple ligand. As a result, phen has become a landmark molecule for coordination chemists, serving as a must-use ligand and a versatile platform for designing polyfunctional arrays. The extensive use of substituted phenanthroline ligands with different metal ions has resulted in a diverse array of complexes tailored for numerous applications. For instance, these complexes have been utilized as sensitizers in dye-sensitized solar cells, as luminescent probes modified with antibodies for biomaterials, and in the creation of elegant supramolecular architectures like rotaxanes and catenanes, exemplified by Sauvage's Nobel Prize-winning work in 2016. In summary, phen has found applications in almost every facet of chemistry. An intriguing aspect of phen is the specific reactivity of each pair of carbon atoms ([2,9], [3,8], [4,7], and [5,6]), enabling the functionalization of each pair with different groups and leading to polyfunctional arrays. Furthermore, it is possible to differentiate each position in these pairs, resulting in non-symmetrical systems with tremendous versatility. In this Review, the authors aim to compile and categorize existing synthetic strategies for the stepwise polyfunctionalization of phen in various positions. This comprehensive toolbox will aid coordination chemists in designing virtually any polyfunctional ligand. The survey will encompass seminal work from the 1950s to the present day. The scope of the Review will be limited to 1,10-phenanthroline, excluding ligands with more intracyclic heteroatoms or fused aromatic cycles. Overall, the primary goal of this Review is to highlight both old and recent synthetic strategies that find applicability in the mentioned applications. By doing so, the authors hope to establish a first reference for phenanthroline synthesis, covering all possible positions on the backbone, and hope to inspire all concerned chemists to devise new strategies that have not yet been explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yann Pellegrin
- Nantes Université, CEISAM UMR 6230, F-44000 Nantes, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pissas M, Ferentinos E, Kyritsis P, Sanakis Y. Field-Induced Slow Magnetization Relaxation of a Tetrahedral S=2 Fe IIS 4-Containing Complex. Chempluschem 2024:e202400109. [PMID: 38727531 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202400109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
In the work described herein, the spin relaxation properties of the mononuclear tetrahedral S=2 [Fe{(SPiPr2)2N}2] complex (1) were studied by employing static and dynamic magnetic measurements at liquid helium temperatures. In the absence of an external direct current (DC) magnetic field, 1 exhibits fast magnetization relaxation. However, in the presence of external magnetic fields of a few kOe, slow relaxation is induced as monitored by alternating current (AC) magnetic susceptibility measurements up to 10 kHz, in the temperature range 2-5 K. Analysis of the temperature dependence of the corresponding relaxation time reveals contributions by Quantum Tunnelling of Magnetization, and the Direct and Orbach processes in the magnetization relaxation mechanism of 1. The energy barrier, Ueff, of the Orbach process, as determined by this analysis, is compared with that related to the zero-field splitting parameters of 1 which were previously determined by high- frequency and -field electron paramagnetic resonance and Mössbauer spectroscopies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Pissas
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR Demokritos, 15341, Ag. Paraskevi, Attiki, Greece
| | - Eleftherios Ferentinos
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15571, Athens, Greece
| | - Panayotis Kyritsis
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15571, Athens, Greece
| | - Yiannis Sanakis
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR Demokritos, 15341, Ag. Paraskevi, Attiki, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rigamonti L, Marchi L, Fiorini V, Stagni S, Zacchini S, Pinkowicz D, Dziedzic-Kocurek K, Forni A, Muniz Miranda F, Mazzoni R. Trapping an unprecedented octacoordinated iron(II) complex with neutral bis-tetrazolylpyridyl ligands and solvent molecules. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:3490-3498. [PMID: 38270176 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt04026g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Iron(II) can show a very rich coordination chemistry with concomitant modulation of its properties as promising functional materials. Metalation of the neutral tridentate nitrogen-donor mer-coordinating ligand 2,6-bis(2-(methyl)-2H-tetrazol-5-yl)pyridine (Me2btp) with Fe(ClO4)2·6H2O through accurate solvent polarity control enables the selective crystallization of [FeHS/LS(Me2btp)2](ClO4)2·MeCN·2.75H2O (2HS/LS·MeCN·2.75H2O) as red rods, where half of the iron(II) centres resides in the low spin (LS, S = 0) state and the other half is in the high spin (HS, S = 2) state. The red rods spontaneously convert into yellow crystals once removed from the mother liquor and exposed to air due to solvent rearrangement within the crystal packing; these new crystals can be assigned to [FeHS(Me2btp)2](ClO4)2·solvent (2HS·solvent) where all the iron(II) centres are now blocked in the HS state, as confirmed by magnetic measurements. The polarity of the crystallization solvent, together with the maintenance of the crystals within the mother liquor, are pivotal for the reactivity and interconversion of different species. Indeed, upon long standing in solution, 2HS/LS·MeCN·2.75H2O converts to another form of red crystals belonging to [FeLS(Me2btp)2][FeHS(Me2btp)(MeCN)2(H2O)](ClO4)4·MeCN (2LS·3HS·MeCN), as confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction data. In this co-crystal, the iron(II) in 2 resides in the LS state at all temperatures while the iron(II) in 3 is blocked in the HS state. Well-formed yellow crystals could be also isolated among the red crystals of 2HS/LS·MeCN·2.75H2O, and they could be identified as the unprecedented octacoordinated species [Fe(Me2btp)2(MeCN)(H2O)](ClO4)2·H2O (1·H2O) by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. These yellow crystals are stable in the air, but slowly convert into 2LS·3HS·MeCN if kept in the mother liquor for about one week. 1·H2O can be considered the trapped intermediate in the solid state during the conversion of [FeHS(Me2btp)2]2+ into [FeHS(Me2btp)(MeCN)2(H2O)]2+ in solution, where the two tridentate ligands in the starting species can unfold to accommodate coordinated MeCN and H2O molecules, as confirmed by theoretical calculations, and eventually one of the two Me2btp is completely replaced by the solvent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Rigamonti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy.
| | - Lorenzo Marchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy.
| | - Valentina Fiorini
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale 'Toso Montanari', Università degli Studi di Bologna, Via Gobetti 85, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Stagni
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale 'Toso Montanari', Università degli Studi di Bologna, Via Gobetti 85, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Zacchini
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale 'Toso Montanari', Università degli Studi di Bologna, Via Gobetti 85, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Dawid Pinkowicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Dziedzic-Kocurek
- Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Stanisława Łojasiewicza 11, Kraków 30-348, Poland
| | - Alessandra Forni
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "G. Natta" (CNR-SCITEC) and INSTM RU of Milan, via C. Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Francesco Muniz Miranda
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy.
| | - Rita Mazzoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale 'Toso Montanari', Università degli Studi di Bologna, Via Gobetti 85, 40129 Bologna, Italy
- Center for Chemical Catalysis - C3, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang LX, Wu XF, Jin XX, Li JY, Wang BW, Liu JY, Xiang J, Gao S. Slow magnetic relaxation in 8-coordinate Mn(II) compounds. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:14797-14806. [PMID: 37812439 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02307a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
The design and synthesis of high-spin Mn(II)-based single-molecule magnets (SMMs) have not been well developed to a great extent, as compared with a large number of SMMs based on the other first row transition metal complexes. In light of our success in designing Fe(II), Co(II) and Fe(III)-based SMMs with a high coordination number of 8, it is of great interest to design Mn(II) analogues with such a strategy. In this contribution, four Mn(II) compounds, [MnII(Ln)2](ClO4)2 (1-4) were obtained from reactions of neutral tetradentate ligands, L1-L4, with hydrated MnII(ClO4)2 (L1 = 2,9-bis(carbomethoxy)-1,10-phenanthroline, L2 = 2,9-bis(carbomethoxy)-2,2'-dipyridine, L3 = N2,N9-dibutyl-1,10-phenanthroline-2,9-dicarboxamide, L4 = 6,6'-bis(2-(tert-butyl)-2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-2,2'-bipyridine). Their crystal structures have been determined by X-ray crystallography and it clearly shows that the Mn(II) centers in these compounds have an oversaturated coordination number of 8. Their magnetic properties have been investigated in detail; to our surprise, all of these Mn(II) compounds show interesting slow magnetic relaxation behaviors under an applied direct current field, although they have very small negative D values.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices (Ministry of Education), School of Optoelectronic Materials and Technology, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China.
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434020, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Fan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications and PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory on Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China.
| | - Xin-Xin Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications and PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory on Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China.
| | - Jia-Yi Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434020, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Bing-Wu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications and PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory on Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China.
| | - Ji-Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices (Ministry of Education), School of Optoelectronic Materials and Technology, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China.
| | - Jing Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices (Ministry of Education), School of Optoelectronic Materials and Technology, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China.
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434020, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Song Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications and PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory on Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China.
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li RX, Sun HY, Liang HC, Yi C, Yao NT, Meng YS, Xiong J, Liu T, Zhu YY. Slow magnetic relaxation in mononuclear octa-coordinate Fe(II) and Co(II) complexes from a Bpybox ligand. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:8865-8873. [PMID: 35635033 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00865c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two 3d transition metal mononuclear complexes, [(FeL2)(ClO4)2]2·CH3CN (1) and (CoL2)(ClO4)2·2CH3CN (2), have been prepared from a rigid tetradentate bpybox (L = 6,6'-bis(2,5-dihydrooxazol-4-yl)-2,2'-bipyridine) ligand. Single crystal X-ray diffraction analyses together with the help of calculations show that both compounds are octa-coordinate. Direct current magnetic studies reveal their significant magnetic anisotropy. Impressively, field-induced relaxation of magnetism is observed in the two complexes and the apparent anisotropy barriers are 14.1 K for 1 and 21.6 K for 2, respectively. Theoretical calculations reveal that two Fe(II) centers in 1 have small negative D values of -4.897 and -4.825 cm-1 and relatively small E values of 0.646 and 0.830 cm-1, indicating a uniaxial magnetic anisotropy. In contrast, the D and E values in the Co(II) center of 2 are 46.42 cm-1 and 11.51 cm-1, featuring a rhombic anisotropy. This work demonstrates that field-induced slow magnetic relaxation in 3d transition metal complexes with high coordination numbers can be manipulated through rigid ligand design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Xia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Hui-Ying Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Hai-Chao Liang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - Cheng Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Nian-Tao Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Yin-Shan Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Jin Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Tao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China. .,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei 230009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li Y, Xi J, Ferrando-Soria J, Zhang YQ, Wang W, Song Y, Guo Y, Pardo E, Liu X. Slow magnetic relaxation in a trigonal-planar mononuclear Fe(II) complex. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:8266-8272. [DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00899h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Based on a β-diketiminate ligand, an iron(III) tetrahedral high-spin complex, [LFeIII(Cl)2] (1), and an iron(II) high-spin triangular planar complex, [LFeIICl] (2), have been synthesized and structurally characterized. Also, complex 1...
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhou Y, Li Y, Xi J, Qin Y, Cen P, Zhang YQ, Guo Y, Ding Y, Liu X. Modulation of the architectures and magnetic dynamics in pseudotetrahedral cobalt(II) complexes. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:7673-7680. [DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01047j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two β-Diketiminate cobalt(II) compounds of formula [LCo(μ-Cl)]2∙2C6H14 (1) and [LCoClPy]∙0.5C7H8∙0.5C6H14 (2) (L = [PhC-(PhCN-Dip)2]−, Dip = 2,6-iPr2C6H3) have been synthesized and structurally characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Compound 1...
Collapse
|
8
|
Peng M, Wu XF, Wang LX, Chen SH, Xiang J, Jin XX, Yiu SM, Wang BW, Gao S, Lau TC. Slow magnetic relaxation in high-coordinate Co(II) and Fe(II) compounds bearing neutral tetradentate ligands. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:15327-15335. [PMID: 34636819 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02575a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The first-row transition metal compounds, [MII(L1)2](ClO4)2 (M = Ni (1); Co (2)), have been prepared by treatment of a neutral tetradentate ligand (L1 = N2,N9-dibutyl-1,10-phenanthroline-2,9-dicarboxamide) with metal perchlorate salts in MeOH. Both compounds have been structurally characterized by X-ray crystallography and it was found that the coordination numbers are 6 and 7, respectively. The reaction of 6,6'-bis(2-tbutyl-tetrazol-5-yl)-2,2'-bipyridine (L2) with hydrated FeII(ClO4)2 afforded a 8-coordinate Fe(II) compound, [FeII(L2)2](ClO4)2 (3); however its reaction with hydrated CoII(ClO4)2 resulted in 6-coordinate [CoII(L2)2](ClO4)2. It is interesting to observe field-induced slow magnetic relaxation in the 7-coordinate Co(II) compound 2 and 8-coordinate Fe(II) compound 3, which further supports the validity of designing high coordination number compounds as single-molecule magnets. Direct current magnetic studies demonstrate that 2 has a very large positive D value (56.2 cm-1) and a small E value (0.66 cm-1), indicating easy plane magnetic anisotropy. Consistent with the larger D value, an effective spin-reversal barrier of Ueff = 100 K (71.4 cm-1) is obtained, which is the highest value reported for 7-coordinate Co(II) complexes with a pentagonal bipyramidal geometry. In contrast, 8-coordinate Fe(II) compound 3 exhibits uniaxial magnetic anisotropy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Peng
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434020, HuBei, P. R. China.
| | - Xiao-Fan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications and PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory on Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China.
| | - Li-Xin Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434020, HuBei, P. R. China.
| | - Si-Huai Chen
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430073, P. R. China
| | - Jing Xiang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434020, HuBei, P. R. China.
| | - Xin-Xin Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications and PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory on Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China.
| | - Shek-Man Yiu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, P. R. China.
| | - Bing-Wu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications and PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory on Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China.
| | - Song Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications and PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory on Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China. .,South China University of Technology, P. R. China
| | - Tai-Chu Lau
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Su QQ, Yuan Q, Wu XF, Chen SH, Xiang J, Jin XX, Wang LX, Wang BW, Gao S, Lau TC. Slow magnetic relaxation in structurally similar mononuclear 8-coordinate Fe(II) and Fe(III) compounds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:781-784. [PMID: 33355553 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc07004a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A pair of structurally-similar and stable 8-coordinate high-spin Fe(ii) and Fe(iii) compounds have been obtained. Both compounds exhibit field-induced slow magnetic relaxation behaviour. The Fe(iii) compound represents the first example of 8-coordinate Fe(iii) single-molecule magnets (SMM).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Qian Su
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434020, HuBei, P. R. China.
| | - Qiong Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications and PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory on Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Xiao-Fan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications and PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory on Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Si-Huai Chen
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430073, P. R. China
| | - Jing Xiang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434020, HuBei, P. R. China.
| | - Xin-Xin Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications and PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory on Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Li-Xin Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434020, HuBei, P. R. China.
| | - Bing-Wu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications and PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory on Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Song Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications and PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory on Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China. and South China University of Technology, P. R. China
| | - Tai-Chu Lau
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sarkar A, Dey S, Rajaraman G. Role of Coordination Number and Geometry in Controlling the Magnetic Anisotropy in Fe II , Co II , and Ni II Single-Ion Magnets. Chemistry 2020; 26:14036-14058. [PMID: 32729641 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Since the last decade, the focus in the area of single-molecule magnets (SMMs) has been shifting constructively towards the development of single-ion magnets (SIMs) based on transition metals and lanthanides. Although ground-breaking results have been witnessed for DyIII -based SIMs, significant results have also been obtained for some mononuclear transition metal SIMs. Among others, studies based on CoII ion are very prominent as they often exhibit high magnetic anisotropy or zero-field splitting parameters and offer a large barrier height for magnetisation reversal. Although CoII possibly holds the record for having the largest number of zero-field SIMs known for any transition metal ion, controlling the magnetic anisotropy in these systems are is still a challenge. In addition to the modern spectroscopic techniques, theoretical studies, especially ab initio CASSCF/NEVPT2 approaches, have been used to uncover the electronic structure of various CoII SIMs. In this article, with some selected examples, the aim is to showcase how varying the coordination number from two to eight, and the geometry around the CoII centre alters the magnetic anisotropy. This offers some design principles for the experimentalists to target new generation SIMs based on the CoII ion. Additionally, some important FeII /FeIII and NiII complexes exhibiting large magnetic anisotropy and SIM properties are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arup Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Sourav Dey
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Gopalan Rajaraman
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hao X, Cao T, Dou Y, Yang L, Zhou Z, Zhang D, Hao H. A rare octacoordinated mononuclear iron(III) spin-crossover compound: synthesis, crystal structure and magnetic properties. Acta Crystallogr C 2020; 76:856-862. [DOI: 10.1107/s2053229620010451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemistry of transition-metal complexes with unusually high coordination numbers has been of interest because of their application in catalytic and biological systems. Deprotonation of the ionogenic tetradentate ligand 6,6′-bis(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-2,2′-bipyridine [H2bipy(ttr)2] in the presence of iron(III) and tetra-n-butylammonium bromide, [n-Bu4N]Br, in solution resulted in the synthesis of a rare octacoordinated anionic mononuclear complex, tetra-n-butylammonium bis[6,6′-bis(tetrazol-1-id-5-yl)-2,2′-bipyridine]iron(III) methanol hemisolvate dihydrate, (C16H36N)[Fe(C12H6N10)2]·0.5CH3OH·2H2O or [n-Bu4N][Fe{bipy(ttr)2}2]·0.5CH3OH·2H2O (1), which has been structurally characterized by elemental analysis, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. In 1, the coordination sphere of the iron(III) ion is a distorted bis-disphenoid dodecahedron, in which the eight coordination positions are occupied by eight N atoms from two independent tetradentate [bipy(ttr)2]2− anionic ligands, therefore forming the anionic [Fe{bipy(ttr)2}2]− unit, with the negative charge balanced by a free [n-Bu4N]+ cation. An investigation of the magnetic properties of 1 revealed a gradual incomplete spin-crossover behaviour below 150 K.
Collapse
|
12
|
Mondal A, Kharwar AK, Sahu PK, Konar S. Alignment of Axial Anisotropy in a 1D Coordination Polymer shows Improved Field Induced Single Molecule Magnet Behavior over a Mononuclear Seven Coordinated Fe II Complex. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:2681-2688. [PMID: 32603028 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report a CN-bridged alternating FeII -NiII 1D chain to ensure the alignment of axial anisotropy and improve the single molecule magnet (SMM) behavior in seven coordinated FeII compound. The chain was constructed from hepta coordinated Fe(II) complex as an anisotropic building unit and diamagnetic nickel tetra cyanate as a bridging ligand. The magnetic measurements show the easy-axis anisotropy of the seven coordinated Fe(II) complex and field induced SMM behavior with spin reversal energy barrier Ueff =61(2) K (42 cm-1 ) and pre-exponential relaxation time τ0 =1.9×10-8 s. The detailed analysis of the relaxation dynamics discloses that the Orbach process plays an important role in slow relaxation of magnetization for this compound. Notably, this example represents a remarkable energy barrier observed in hepta coordinated Fe(II) SMMs. The ab initio calculations estimate the magnitude of axial anisotropy and show the parallel orientation of the anisotropic axis throughout the 1D polymeric chain. In addition, it is also reported that the presence of weak π accepter ligands in the distorted axial position enhance the easy-axis anisotropy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arpan Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass road, Bhauri, Bhopal, 462066, MP, India
| | - Ajit Kumar Kharwar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass road, Bhauri, Bhopal, 462066, MP, India
| | - Pradip Kumar Sahu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass road, Bhauri, Bhopal, 462066, MP, India
| | - Sanjit Konar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass road, Bhauri, Bhopal, 462066, MP, India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Mondal A, Wu S, Sato O, Konar S. Effect of Axial Ligands on Easy‐Axis Anisotropy and Field‐Induced Slow Magnetic Relaxation in Heptacoordinated Fe
II
Complexes. Chemistry 2020; 26:4780-4789. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arpan Mondal
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of, Science Education and Research, Bhopal Bhopal By-pass Road, Bhauri Bhopal 462066 Madhya Pradesh India
| | - Shu‐Qi Wu
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering & IRCCSKyushu University 744 Motooka Nishi-ku 819-0395 Fukuoka Japan
| | - Osamu Sato
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering & IRCCSKyushu University 744 Motooka Nishi-ku 819-0395 Fukuoka Japan
| | - Sanjit Konar
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of, Science Education and Research, Bhopal Bhopal By-pass Road, Bhauri Bhopal 462066 Madhya Pradesh India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Su QQ, Fan K, Huang XD, Xiang J, Cheng SC, Ko CC, Zheng LM, Kurmoo M, Lau TC. Field-induced slow magnetic relaxation in low-spin S = 1/2 mononuclear osmium(v) complexes. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:4084-4092. [PMID: 32134093 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt00295j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Photochemical reactions of (PPh4)[OsVI(N)(L)(CN)3] (NO2-OsN) with piperidine and pyrrolidine afforded two osmium(v) hydrazido compounds, (PPh4)[OsV(L)(CN)3(NNC5H10)] ([PPh4]1) and (PPh4)[OsV(L)(CN)3(NNC4H8)] ([PPh4]2), respectively. Their structures consist of isolated, mononuclear distorted octahedral osmium anions that are well-separated from each other by PPh4+. Their low spin S = 1/2 and L = 1 ground state was confirmed by magnetometry and DFT calculations. Interestingly, both compounds exhibit slow magnetic relaxation under a bias dc-field. These osmium(v) complexes are potentially useful building-blocks for the construction of molecule-based architectures with interesting magnetic properties. In contrast, the structurally related (PPh4)[OsIII(L)(CN)3(NH3)] ([PPh4]3), which also has a low-spin S = 1/2 ground state but with a different electronic configuration (5d5), does not exhibit slow magnetic relaxation, due to the absence of any orbital moment (L = 0). Furthermore, the structurally different osmium(v) hydrazido compound reported by Meyer, [OsV(tpy)(Cl)2(NNC5H10)](PF6) (4[PF6]), also does not exhibit slow magnetic relaxation due possibly to a change in magnetic anisotropy from axial for [PPh4]1 and [PPh4]2 to planar.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Qian Su
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434020, Hubei, P. R. China.
| | - Kun Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Xin-Da Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Jing Xiang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434020, Hubei, P. R. China.
| | - Shun-Cheung Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong.
| | - Chi-Chiu Ko
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong.
| | - Li-Min Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Mohamedally Kurmoo
- Institut de Chimie, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS-UMR7177, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, Strasbourg Cedex 67007, France
| | - Tai-Chu Lau
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yi G, Cui H, Zhang C, Zhao W, Chen L, Zhang YQ, Chen XT, Song Y, Yuan A. A capped trigonal prismatic cobalt(ii) complex as a structural archetype for single-ion magnets. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:2063-2067. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt04881b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mononuclear, seven-coordinate complex [CoII(BPA-TPA)](BF4)2 (BPA-TPA = pentapyidyldiamine) display field-induce slow magnetic relaxation, thereby presenting the first report of SIMs based on 3d metal ions with a capped trigonal prismatic geometry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gangji Yi
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
- Zhenjiang 212003
- P. R. China
| | - Huihui Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
- P. R. China
| | - Chunyang Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
- Zhenjiang 212003
- P. R. China
| | - Wen Zhao
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
- Zhenjiang 212003
- P. R. China
| | - Lei Chen
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
- Zhenjiang 212003
- P. R. China
| | - Yi-Quan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Lab for NSLSCS
- School of Physical Science and Technology
- Nanjing Normal University
- Nanjing 210023
- P. R. China
| | - Xue-Tai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
- P. R. China
| | - You Song
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
- P. R. China
| | - Aihua Yuan
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
- Zhenjiang 212003
- P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Yi G, Zhang C, Zhao W, Cui H, Chen L, Wang Z, Chen XT, Yuan A, Liu YZ, Ouyang ZW. Structure, magnetic anisotropy and relaxation behavior of seven-coordinate Co(ii) single-ion magnets perturbed by counter-anions. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:7620-7627. [DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01232g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A series of mononuclear seven-coordinate complexes with the same coordination unit [Co(BPA-TPA)]2+ (BPA-TPA = pentapyidyldiamine) display the different slow magnetic relaxation processes perturbed by the variation of the counter anions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gangji Yi
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
- Zhenjiang 212003
- P. R. China
| | - Chunyang Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
- Zhenjiang 212003
- P. R. China
| | - Wen Zhao
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
- Zhenjiang 212003
- P. R. China
| | - Huihui Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
- P. R. China
| | - Lei Chen
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
- Zhenjiang 212003
- P. R. China
| | - Zhenxing Wang
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center& School of Physics
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
- P. R. China
| | - Xue-Tai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
- P. R. China
| | - Aihua Yuan
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
- Zhenjiang 212003
- P. R. China
| | - Yuan-Zhong Liu
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Suzhou 215163
- P. R. China
- Jinan Guoke Medical Technology Development Co
| | - Zhong-Wen Ouyang
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center& School of Physics
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
- P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Huang XC, Xu R, Chen YZ, Zhang YQ, Shao D. Two Four-Coordinate and Seven-Coordinate Co II Complexes Based on the Bidentate Ligand 1, 8-Naphthyridine Showing Slow Magnetic Relaxation Behavior. Chem Asian J 2019; 15:279-286. [PMID: 31793204 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201901395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
For a long time, the cobalt(II) complex ([Co(napy)4 ](ClO4 )2 ) (napy=1, 8-naphthyridine) has been considered as an eight-coordinate complex without any structural proof. After careful considerations, two complexes [Co(napy)2 Cl2 ] (1) and [Co(napy)4 ](ClO4 )2 (2) based on the bidentate ligand napy were synthesized and structurally characterized. X-ray single-crystal structural determination showed that the cobalt(II) center in [Co(napy)2 Cl2 ] (1) is four-coordinate with a tetrahedral geometry (Td ), while [Co(napy)4 ](ClO4 )2 (2) is seven-coordinate rather than eight-coordinate with a capped trigonal prism geometry (C2v ). Direct-current (dc) magnetic data revealed that complexes 1 and 2 possess positive zero-field splitting (ZFS) parameters of 11.08 and 25.30 cm-1 , respectively, with easy-plane magnetic anisotropy. Alternating current(ac) susceptibility measurements revealed that both complexes showed slow magnetic relaxation behaviour. Theoretical calculations demonstrated that the presence of easy-plane magnetic anisotropy (D>0) for complexes 1 and 2 is in agreement with the experimental data. Furthermore, these results pave the way to obtain four-coordinate and seven-coordinate cobalt(II) single-ion magnets (SIMs) by using a bidentate ligand.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Cai Huang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, 224007, China
| | - Rui Xu
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, 224007, China
| | - Yong-Zhi Chen
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, 224007, China
| | - Yi-Quan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Lab for NSLSCS, School of Physical Science and Technology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Dong Shao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ma D, Peng G, Zhang YY, Li B. Field-induced slow magnetic relaxation in two-dimensional and three-dimensional Co(ii) coordination polymers. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:15529-15536. [PMID: 31314024 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt02070e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two coordination polymers formulated as [Co(1,4-bimb)0.5(5-aip)(H2O)]n (1) and [Co(1,4-bib)1.5(5-hip)(H2O)]n (2) (1,4-bimb = 1,4-bis(imidazol-1-ylmethyl)benzene, 5-aip = 5-aminoisophthalic acid, 1,4-bib = 1,4-bis(1-imidazolyl)benzene and 5-hip = 5-hydroxyisophthalic acid) have been prepared and structurally characterized. Complex 1 is a two-dimensional (2D) network where Co(ii) is six coordinate in a CoO4N2 coordination environment, while the structure of 2 consists of a three-dimensional (3D) framework built from mononuclear Co(ii) units with distorted octahedral geometry as nodes. Static magnetic studies show that first-order orbital angular momentum may play an important role in the magnetic properties of 1, whereas strong easy-axis anisotropy (D = -102 cm-1) was observed in 2. Alternating current (ac) susceptibility measurements demonstrate that both the complexes display field-induced single ion magnet (SIM) behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deyun Ma
- School of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing 526061, P. R. China
| | - Guo Peng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China. and Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China.
| | - Ying-Ying Zhang
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China.
| | - Bo Li
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Synthesis, crystal structures and characterization of iron(III) and cobalt(III) complexes bearing 2,2′-bipyridylcarboxylate ligands. TRANSIT METAL CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11243-019-00318-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
20
|
Su QQ, Fan K, Jin XX, Huang XD, Cheng SC, Luo LJ, Li YJ, Xiang J, Ko CC, Zheng LM, Lau TC. Syntheses, crystal structures and magnetic properties of a series of luminescent lanthanide complexes containing neutral tetradentate phenanthroline-amide ligands. Inorg Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qi00238c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Six lanthanide compounds have been prepared from a neutral tetra-dentate ligand. Their luminescent and magnetic properties were investigated in detail.
Collapse
|
21
|
Shi L, Shen FX, Shao D, Zhang YQ, Wang XY. Syntheses, structures, and magnetic properties of three two-dimensional cobalt(ii) single-ion magnets with a CoIIN4X2 octahedral geometry. CrystEngComm 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ce00030e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Three two-dimensional CoII SIMs with (4,4) layer structures have been synthesized and characterized structurally and magnetically.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Le Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
| | - Fu-Xing Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
| | - Dong Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
| | - Yi-Quan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for NSLSCS
- School of Physical Science and Technology
- Nanjing Normal University
- Nanjing 210023
- China
| | - Xin-Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Chen L, Song J, Zhao W, Yi G, Zhou Z, Yuan A, Song Y, Wang Z, Ouyang ZW. A mononuclear five-coordinate Co(ii) single molecule magnet with a spin crossover between the S = 1/2 and 3/2 states. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:16596-16602. [PMID: 30417917 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt03783c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Although a great number of single-ion magnets (SIMs) and spin-crossover (SCO) compounds have been discovered, multifunctional materials with the combination of SCO and SIM properties are extremely scarce. Here magnetic studies have been carried out for a mononuclear, five-coordinate cobalt(ii) complex [Co(3,4-lut)4Br]Br (1) with square pyramidal geometry. Direct-current magnetic measurement confirms the spin transition between the S = 1/2 and 3/2 states in the range of 150-290 K with a small hysteresis loop. Frequency- and temperature-dependent alternating-current magnetic susceptibility reveals slow magnetization relaxation under an applied dc field of 3000 Oe. The work here presents the first instance of the five-coordinate mononuclear cobalt(ii)-based SIM exhibiting the thermally induced complete SCO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, P. R. China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhang HR, Jin XX, Zhou X, Zhang Y, Leung CF, Xiang J. Effect of Coordination Modes on the Tunable Luminescence of 1,10-Phenanthroline-Based Complexes. CRYSTAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/crat.201800168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Rui Zhang
- College of Agronomy; Henan Agricultural University; Zhengzhou 450002 China
| | - Xin-Xin Jin
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering; Yangtze University; Jingzhou 434020 HuBei China
| | - Xin Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering; Yangtze University; Jingzhou 434020 HuBei China
| | - Yunxia Zhang
- College of Life Science; Zhengzhou Normal University; Zhengzhou 450044 China
| | - Chi-Fai Leung
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies; The Education University of Hong Kong; 10 Lo Ping Road Tai Po Hong Kong 999077 China
| | - Jing Xiang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering; Yangtze University; Jingzhou 434020 HuBei China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Maxwell L, Amoza M, Ruiz E. Mononuclear Lanthanide Complexes with 18-Crown-6 Ether: Synthesis, Characterization, Magnetic Properties, and Theoretical Studies. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:13225-13234. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lindley Maxwell
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica and Institut de Recerca de Química Teòrica i Computacional, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Advanced Lithium and Industrial Minerals Research Center, Universidad de Antofagasta, Avenida Universidad de Antofagasta, 02800 Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Martín Amoza
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica and Institut de Recerca de Química Teòrica i Computacional, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eliseo Ruiz
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica and Institut de Recerca de Química Teòrica i Computacional, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Jin XX, Chen XX, Xiang J, Chen YZ, Jia LH, Wang BW, Cheng SC, Zhou X, Leung CF, Gao S. Slow Magnetic Relaxation in a Series of Mononuclear 8-Coordinate Fe(II) and Co(II) Complexes. Inorg Chem 2018. [PMID: 29521502 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b03071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of homoleptic mononuclear 8-coordinate FeII and CoII compounds, [FeII(L2)2](ClO4)2 (2), [FeII(L3)2](ClO4)2 (3), [FeII(L4)2](ClO4)2 (4), [CoII(L1)2](ClO4)2 (5), [CoII(L2)2](ClO4)2 (6), [CoII(L3)2](ClO4)2 (7), and [CoII(L4)2](ClO4)2 (8) (L1 and L2 are 2,9-dialkylcarboxylate-1,10-phenanthroline ligands; L3 and L4 are 6,6'-dialkylcarboxylate-2,2'-bipyridine ligands), have been obtained, and their crystal structures have been determined by X-ray crystallography. The metal center in all of these compounds has an oversaturated coordination number of 8, which is completed by two neutral homoleptic tetradentate ligands and is unconventional in 3d-metal compounds. These compounds are further characterized by electronic spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry (CV), and magnetic measurements. CV measurements of these complexes in MeCN solution exhibit rich redox properties. Magnetic measurements on these compounds demonstrate that the observed single-ion magnetic (SIM) behavior in the previously reported [FeII(L1)2](ClO4)2 (1) is not a contingent case, since all of the 8-coordinate compounds 2-8 exhibit interesting slow magnetic relaxation under applied direct current fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Xin Jin
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering , Yangtze University , Jingzhou 434020 , HuBei , P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Xiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications and PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory on Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , P. R. China
| | - Jing Xiang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering , Yangtze University , Jingzhou 434020 , HuBei , P. R. China
| | - Yun-Zhou Chen
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering , Wuhan Institute of Technology , Wuhan 430073 , P. R. China
| | - Li-Hui Jia
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering , Wuhan Institute of Technology , Wuhan 430073 , P. R. China
| | - Bing-Wu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications and PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory on Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , P. R. China
| | - Shun-Cheung Cheng
- Department of Chemistry , City University of Hong Kong , Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong , Hong Kong 999077 , P. R. China
| | - Xin Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering , Yangtze University , Jingzhou 434020 , HuBei , P. R. China
| | - Chi-Fai Leung
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies , The Education University of Hong Kong , 10 Lo Ping Road, Tai Po, NT , Hong Kong 999077 , P. R. China
| | - Song Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications and PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory on Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Feng M, Tong ML. Single Ion Magnets from 3d to 5f: Developments and Strategies. Chemistry 2018; 24:7574-7594. [PMID: 29385282 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Single-ion magnets (SIMs), exhibiting slow magnetization relaxation in the absence of the magnetic field, originate from their single spin-carrier centre. In pursuit of high-performance magnetic properties, such as high spin-reversal barrier and high blocking temperature, various metal centres were investigated to establish SIMs, including 3d and 5d transition metal ions, 4f lanthanide ions, and 5f actinide ions, which possess unique zero-field splitting and magnetic properties. Therefore, proper ligand field is of great importance to different types of metals. In the given great breakthroughs since the first SIM, [Pc2 Tb]- (Pc=dianion of phthalocyanine), was reported, strategies of ligand field design have emerged. In this review, the developments of SIMs with different metal centres are summarized, as well as the possible strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Feng
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Liang Tong
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Huang XC, Qi ZY, Ji CL, Guo YM, Yan SC, Zhang YQ, Shao D, Wang XY. High-coordinate CoII and FeII compounds constructed from an asymmetric tetradentate ligand show slow magnetic relaxation behavior. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:8940-8948. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt01829d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A seven-coordinate CoII compound and an eight-coordinate FeII compound based on an asymmetric tetradentate ligand have been reported, and both of them exhibited slow magnetic relaxation behaviour.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Cai Huang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering
- Yancheng Teachers University
- Yancheng
- China
| | - Zi-Yi Qi
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering
- Yancheng Teachers University
- Yancheng
- China
| | - Cheng-Long Ji
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering
- Yancheng Teachers University
- Yancheng
- China
| | - Yi-Ming Guo
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering
- Yancheng Teachers University
- Yancheng
- China
| | - Shi-Chang Yan
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering
- Yancheng Teachers University
- Yancheng
- China
| | - Yi-Quan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for NSLSCS
- School of Physical Science and Technology
- Nanjing Normal University
- Nanjing 210023
- China
| | - Dong Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
| | - Xin-Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Chen L, Zhou J, Cui HH, Yuan AH, Wang Z, Zhang YQ, Ouyang ZW, Song Y. Slow magnetic relaxation influenced by change of symmetry from ideal Ci to D3d in cobalt(ii)-based single-ion magnets. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:2506-2510. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt04651k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two mononuclear complexes including the same cation [Co(imidazole)6]2+ and the different symmetries Ci and D3d showed discriminatively slow magnetic relaxation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
- Zhenjiang 212003
- P. R. China
| | - Jianjun Zhou
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
- Zhenjiang 212003
- P. R. China
| | - Hui-Hui Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
| | - Ai-Hua Yuan
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
- Zhenjiang 212003
- P. R. China
| | - Zhenxing Wang
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center & School of Physics
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
- P. R. China
| | - Yi-Quan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for NSLSCS
- School of Physical Science and Technology
- Nanjing Normal University
- Nanjing 210023
- P. R. China
| | - Zhong-Wen Ouyang
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center & School of Physics
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
- P. R. China
| | - You Song
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Petzold H, Djomgoue P, Hörner G, Lochenie C, Weber B, Rüffer T. Bis-meridional Fe2+ spincrossover complexes of phenyl and pyridyl substituted 2-(pyridin-2-yl)-1,10-phenanthrolines. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:491-506. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt02320k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Fe2+ spincrossover complexes [Fe(L)2]2+ (L = substituted (pyridin-2-yl)-1,10-phenanthroline) were prepared and SCO with changing coordination numbers was identified by 1H NMR spectroscopy and in silico modeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Holm Petzold
- TU Chemnitz
- Institut für Chemie
- Anorganische Chemie
- 09111 Chemnitz
- Germany
| | - Paul Djomgoue
- TU Chemnitz
- Institut für Chemie
- Anorganische Chemie
- 09111 Chemnitz
- Germany
| | | | - Charles Lochenie
- Anorganische Chemie II
- Universität Bayreuth
- 95440 Bayreuth
- Germany
- Institut de science et d'ingénierie supramoléculaires (ISIS)
| | - Birgit Weber
- Anorganische Chemie II
- Universität Bayreuth
- 95440 Bayreuth
- Germany
| | - Tobias Rüffer
- TU Chemnitz
- Institut für Chemie
- Anorganische Chemie
- 09111 Chemnitz
- Germany
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wei HW, Yang QF, Lai XY, Wang XZ, Yang TL, Hou Q, Liu XY. Field-induced slow relaxation of magnetization in a distorted octahedral mononuclear high-spin Co(ii) complex. CrystEngComm 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ce01981e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
By adopting the strategy of mixed rigid ligands, two novel mononuclear complexes with distorted octahedral geometries are obtained. SIM-type slow magnetic relaxation behavior is observed in Co(ii)-based complexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Wen Wei
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering
- Ningxia University
- Yinchuan
- China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| | - Qing-Feng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering
- Ningxia University
- Yinchuan
- China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| | - Xiao-Yong Lai
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering
- Ningxia University
- Yinchuan
- China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| | - Xiao-Zhong Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Ningxia University
- Yinchuan
- China
| | - Tian-Lin Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Ningxia University
- Yinchuan
- China
| | - Qin Hou
- College of Chemistry and Material Science
- Shandong Agricultural University
- Taian
- China
| | - Xiang-Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering
- Ningxia University
- Yinchuan
- China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Han H, Li X, Zhu X, Zhang G, Hang X, Tang J, Liao W. Single‐Molecule Magnetic Behavior in a Calix[8]arene‐Capped Heterometallic {Dy
III
4
Co
II
4
} Square‐Antiprismatic Cluster. Eur J Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201700978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization ERC for the Separation and Purification of REs and Thorium Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences 130022 Changchun P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 100049 Beijing P. R. China
| | - Xiao‐Lei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization ERC for the Separation and Purification of REs and Thorium Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences 130022 Changchun P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 100049 Beijing P. R. China
| | - Xiaofei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization ERC for the Separation and Purification of REs and Thorium Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences 130022 Changchun P. R. China
| | - Guoshuai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization ERC for the Separation and Purification of REs and Thorium Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences 130022 Changchun P. R. China
| | - Xinxin Hang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization ERC for the Separation and Purification of REs and Thorium Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences 130022 Changchun P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 100049 Beijing P. R. China
| | - Jinkui Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization ERC for the Separation and Purification of REs and Thorium Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences 130022 Changchun P. R. China
| | - Wuping Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization ERC for the Separation and Purification of REs and Thorium Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences 130022 Changchun P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Georgopoulou AN, Al-Ameed K, Boudalis AK, Anagnostopoulos DF, Psycharis V, McGrady JE, Sanakis Y, Raptopoulou CP. Site preferences in hetero-metallic [Fe 9-xNi x] clusters: a combined crystallographic, spectroscopic and theoretical analysis. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:12835-12844. [PMID: 28920627 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt02930f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of mixtures of Fe(O2CMe)2·2H2O and Ni(O2CMe)2·4H2O of various compositions with di-2-pyridyl ketone (py2CO, dpk) in MeCN under an inert atmosphere afforded a family of hetero-metallic enneanuclear clusters with general formula [Fe9-xNix(μ4-OH)2(O2CMe)8(py2CO2)4] (2, x = 1.00; 3: x = 6.02; 4, x = 7.46; 5, x = 7.81). Clusters 2-5 are isomorphous to the homo-metallic [Fe9] cluster (1) previously reported by some of us, and also isostructural to the known homo-metallic [Ni9] cluster. All four clusters contain a central MII ion in an unusual 8-coordinate site and eight peripheral MII ions in distorted octahedral environments. The distribution of FeII and NiII ions over these two distinct coordination sites in 2-5 can be established through a combination of X-ray fluorescence and Mössbauer spectroscopies, which show that FeII preferentially occupies the unique 8-coordinate metal site while NiII accumulates in the octahedral holes. Density functional theory indicates that the distribution of ions across the two sites arises not from any intrinsic preference of the FeII ions for the 8-coordinate sites, but rather because of the large ligand field stabilization energy available to NiII in octahedral coordination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia N Georgopoulou
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR "Demokritos", 15310 Aghia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Li GL, Wu SQ, Zhang LF, Wang Z, Ouyang ZW, Ni ZH, Su SQ, Yao ZS, Li JQ, Sato O. Field-Induced Slow Magnetic Relaxation in an Octacoordinated Fe(II) Complex with Pseudo-D2d Symmetry: Magnetic, HF-EPR, and Theoretical Investigations. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:8018-8025. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Ling Li
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering & IRCCS, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, 819-0395 Fukuoka, Japan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shu-Qi Wu
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering & IRCCS, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, 819-0395 Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Li-Fang Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenxing Wang
- Wuhan National High Magnetic
Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Wen Ouyang
- Wuhan National High Magnetic
Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Hai Ni
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Qun Su
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering & IRCCS, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, 819-0395 Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Zi-Shuo Yao
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering & IRCCS, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, 819-0395 Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Jun-Qiu Li
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering & IRCCS, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, 819-0395 Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Osamu Sato
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering & IRCCS, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, 819-0395 Fukuoka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|