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Li SY, Tong MM, Li L, Hui F, Meng FZ, Zhao YL, Guo YM, Guo XY, Shi BL, Yan SM. Rectal microbiomes and serum metabolomics reveal the improved effect of Artemisia ordosica crude polysaccharides on the lactation performance, antioxidant and immune responses of lactating donkeys. J Dairy Sci 2024:S0022-0302(24)00741-0. [PMID: 38608958 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-24570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
This study is aimed at investigating the effects of dietary supplementation with Artemisia ordosica crude polysaccharides (AOCP) on lactation performance, antioxidant status, and immune status of lactating donkeys and analyzing rectal microbiomes and serum metabolomes. Fourteen lactating Dezhou donkeys with similar age (6.16 ± 0.67 years of BW ± SD), weight (250.06 ± 25.18 kg), days in milk (39.11 ± 7.42 d), and averaged parity of 3 were randomly allocated into 2 treatments: a control group (CON, basal diet) and an AOCP group (AOCP, basal diet with 1.0 g/kg DM AOCP). Ten weeks were allotted for the experiment, 2 weeks for adaptation, and 8 weeks for collecting data and samples. The results showed that supplementation of donkey diets with AOCP increased lactation performance, including dry matter intake, milking yield, estimated milk yield, solids-corrected milk, energy-corrected milk, milk fat yield, milk protein yield, milk lactose yield, milk total solids yield, and milk solid not fat yield. The digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, acid detergent fiber, and neutral detergent fiber was increased in the AOCP group compared with the CON group. The AOCP group increased the concentrations of immunoglobulin A, immunoglobulin G, and immunoglobulin M, the activities of the superoxide dismutase, catalase and total antioxidant capacity in the serum. AOCP decreased the concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α, nitric oxide, reactive oxygen species, and malondialdehyde in the serum. Compared with the CON group, AOCP increased propionate, butyrate, isovalerate, and total VFA concentrations in rectal feces (P < 0.05). The addition of AOCP to increased diversity (Shannon index) and altered structure of the rectal microflora. As a result of AOCP supplementation, there has been a significant improvement in the colonization of beneficial bacteria, including Lactobacillus, Unclassified_f_Prevotellacea, Ruminococcus, and Fibrobacter genera. In contrast, a decrease in the colonization of the Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 bacterial genus and other pathogenic bacteria was observed. Meanwhile, metabolomics analysis found that AOCP supplementation upregulated metabolites L-tyrosine content while downregulating 9(S)-HODE, choline, sucrose, LysoPC (18:0), LysoPC (18:1(9Z), and LysoPC (20:2(11Z,14Z)) concentrations. These altered metabolites were involved in the PPAR signaling pathway, prolactin signaling pathway, glycerophospholipid metabolism, carbohydrate digestion and absorption, and tyrosine metabolism pathways, which were mainly related to antioxidant capacity, immune responses, and protein metabolism in the lactating donkeys. As a consequence of feeding AOCP diets, beneficial bacteria were abundant, and antioxidant and protein metabolism-related pathways were enriched, which may enhance lactation performance in donkeys. Therefore, supplementing AOCP diets is a desirable dietary strategy to improve donkey health and lactation performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Li
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - M M Tong
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - L Li
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - F Hui
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - F Z Meng
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - Y L Zhao
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - Y M Guo
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - X Y Guo
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - B L Shi
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - S M Yan
- Contribution number: Basic Research Fund for Universities in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (Project No.BR22-13-13).
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Wang J, Guo YM, Wei J, Min J, Ye L. Comparative efficacy and safety of different anti-VEGF agents combined with different delivery methods for neovascular glaucoma: a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e080103. [PMID: 38443085 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-080103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy and safety of different anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents combined with different delivery methods for neovascular glaucoma (NVG). DESIGN Systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis (NMA). DATA SOURCES PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov, ISRCTN and Chinese databases including the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Science Periodical Database (Wanfang Database), VIP Journal Integration Platform and China Biology Medicine Database were searched from inception to 5 September 2022. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the treatment of NVG using different anti-VEGF agents combined with various methods of drug administration, without any language limitations. All patients included underwent panretinal laser photocoagulation and there were no restrictions on prior glaucoma surgery. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Two independent reviewers extracted data and assessed the risk of bias. Random-effect Bayesian NMA was conducted to compare the efficacy and safety and rank priority of anti-VEGF regimens. The source of heterogeneity and the related factors affecting the stability of the results were also explored. CINeMA (Confidence in Network Meta-Analysis) was used to assess the certainty of evidence. RESULTS Our analysis included 17 RCTs involving a total of 1311 eyes from 1228 patients. We examined five different treatment regimens, which used three different anti-VEGF drugs. The following treatments showed a significant decrease in intraocular pressure (IOP) compared with the control group at 1 month after glaucoma surgery: simultaneous intravitreal and intracameral injection of conbercept (ICCIVC) (mean difference (MD)=-11.56, 95% credible interval (CrI) -20.8 to -2.24), intravitreal injection of conbercept (MD=-8.88, 95% CrI -13.93 to -3.78), intravitreal injection of ranibizumab (MD=-7.62, 95% CrI -10.91 to -4.33) and intravitreal injection of bevacizumab IVB) (MD=-5.51, 95% CrI -10.79 to -0.35). The surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) analysis indicated that ICCIVC (82.0%) may be the most effective regimen in reducing IOP. In terms of safety, there were no statistically significant differences among the interventions. According to the SUCRA analysis, ICCIVC (68.0%) was considered the safest choice with the fewest complications. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses showed that mean age was the main source of heterogeneity. Sensitivity analysis demonstrated the robustness of the study results. CONCLUSION ICCIVC was more effective and safer than other anti-VEGF regimens for NVG. Simultaneous intravitreal and intracameral injection was found to be the best route of administration, and conbercept was found to be the superior drug selection when compared with ranibizumab and bevacizumab. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42022309676.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Wang
- Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Affiliated People's Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yi-Ming Guo
- Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Affiliated People's Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Junhan Wei
- Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Affiliated People's Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jie Min
- Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Affiliated People's Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lu Ye
- Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Affiliated People's Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Guo YM, Jiang X, Min J, Huang J, Huang XF, Ye L. Advances in the study of Müller glia reprogramming in mammals. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1305896. [PMID: 38155865 PMCID: PMC10752929 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1305896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Müller cells play an integral role in the development, maintenance, and photopic signal transmission of the retina. While lower vertebrate Müller cells can differentiate into various types of retinal neurons to support retinal repair following damage, there is limited neurogenic potential of mammalian Müller cells. Therefore, it is of great interest to harness the neurogenic potential of mammalian Müller cells to achieve self-repair of the retina. While multiple studies have endeavored to induce neuronal differentiation and proliferation of mammalian Müller cells under defined conditions, the efficiency and feasibility of these methods often fall short, rendering them inadequate for the requisites of retinal repair. As the mechanisms and methodologies of Müller cell reprogramming have been extensively explored, a summary of the reprogramming process of unlocking the neurogenic potential of Müller cells can provide insight into Müller cell fate development and facilitate their therapeutic use in retinal repair. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the progress in reprogramming mammalian Müller cells and discuss strategies for optimizing methods and enhancing efficiency based on the mechanisms of fate regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ming Guo
- Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Xi’an People’s Hospital (Xi’an Fourth Hospital), Affiliated People’s Hospital of Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xinyi Jiang
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Min
- Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Xi’an People’s Hospital (Xi’an Fourth Hospital), Affiliated People’s Hospital of Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Juan Huang
- Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Xi’an People’s Hospital (Xi’an Fourth Hospital), Affiliated People’s Hospital of Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiu-Feng Huang
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Pediatric Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lu Ye
- Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Xi’an People’s Hospital (Xi’an Fourth Hospital), Affiliated People’s Hospital of Northwest University, Xi’an, China
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Zhang GY, Ye L, Wang WJ, Guo YM, Wei JH, Ren MX. Effectiveness of toric soft contact lenses for vision correction in patients with different degrees of astigmatism: a real-world study. Int J Ophthalmol 2023; 16:1845-1853. [PMID: 38028513 PMCID: PMC10626351 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2023.11.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To assess the visual correction of patients with different degrees of astigmatism with toric soft contact lenses (TSC). METHODS It was a real-world study with prospective and single-arm design. A total of 384 patients with astigmatism who came for TSC fitting and alignment from November 2022 to January 2023 were included. According to the difference in astigmatism, patients were divided into groups A (cylinder degree: -0.75 to -0.50 D), B (cylinder degree: -1.75 to -1.00 D) and C (cylinder degree ≤ -2.00 D), and followed up on the day of wear, 1wk, 1 and 3mo, mainly to observe visual acuity, refraction, lens fit, visual quality and comfort at 1wk after wear. The visual acuity success rate and the overall success rate of the fitting were evaluation indicators (taking into account the four dimensions of visual acuity, fitting, quality of vision and comfort). The visual acuity success rate was calculated by taking "corrected visual acuity with contact lenses is no less than 1 line or better than best spectacle-corrected visual acuity" (i.e. corrected visual acuity with contact lenses is 1 line below, equal to, one line above or more than best spectacle-corrected visual acuity) as the criterion for visual success, and the the overall success rate of the fitting was calculated by using the comprehensive indicators (visual acuity, fit, visual quality, comfort) to meet certain conditions as the judgment criteria for successful fitting. RESULTS After 1wk of wearing TSC, the visual acuity success rates of patients were 100% (207/207), 98.58% (139/141) and 97.22% (35/36) in the three groups, respectively, with residual cylinder closed to 0. The acceptability of the lens fitting was over 95%; the incidence of adverse visual symptoms was within 10% and the comfort acceptability was over 97%. The overall success rate of fitting for patients with high, medium and low astigmatism was 93.72% (194/207), 90.78% (128/141) and 88.89% (32/36), respectively. CONCLUSION TSC (model: G&G POP·CT) are effective in correcting astigmatism in patients with different degrees of astigmatism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Yun Zhang
- Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Lu Ye
- Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Wen-Jun Wang
- Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yi-Ming Guo
- Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jun-Han Wei
- Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Mei-Xia Ren
- Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
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Guo J, Luo R, Guo YM, Xu YS, Zhu L. [Analysis on influencing factors on loneliness in the elderly aged 60 and above in China]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2023; 44:1086-1091. [PMID: 37482711 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20230227-00110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the influential factors of loneliness in the elderly aged ≥60 years in China. Methods: Data used in this study were obtained from participants aged ≥60 years from the China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey, with a sample size of 7 593. Loneliness was measured with loneliness scale, and the influence of subjective and objective factors on loneliness and their interaction were analyzed with stepwise linear regression model and simple slope test. SPSS 25.0 was used for statistical analysis. PROCESS 3.3 macro program was used for simple slope test. Results: A total of 8 926 participants were included. Among the objective factors, the elderly with poor family network have a higher level of loneliness (P<0.05), and community provision of elderly care services could reduce the loneliness of the elderly (P<0.05). Elderly people with subjective aging age ≤60 years old and poor social adaptation and emotional perception have higher levels of loneliness (all P<0.05). Subjective aging age plays a negative regulatory role in the impact of community elderly care services on loneliness (P<0.05), Social adaptation and emotional perception play a negative regulatory role in the impact of family network on loneliness (P<0.05). Conclusions: Elderly people aged ≥60 years of feeling of loneliness was affected by both subjective and objective factors and subjective factors play an important regulatory role in the influence of objective factors on elderly people's feeling of loneliness in China. Therefore, while creating a good aging environment to provide strong external support for the elderly, the subjective initiative of the elderly should also be fully mobilized, to alleviate the loneliness of the elderly from these two aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Guo
- Center for Population and Development Studies /Research Institute of Health Science, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - R Luo
- School of Sociology and Population Studies, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Y M Guo
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100013, China
| | - Y S Xu
- School of Sociology and Population Studies, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - L Zhu
- Nanjing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210013, China
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Yun XL, Liu XB, Cheng ZC, Ji YR, Guo YM, Yuan JM, Nie W. Determination and prediction of standardized ileal amino acid digestibility of wheat in broilers. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102383. [PMID: 36529100 PMCID: PMC9792556 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This experiment evaluated the standard ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids (AA) in 8 different sources of wheat fed to broilers and established prediction equations based on the chemical properties of wheat. A total of five hundred forty 1-day-old broilers were tested in 2 stages (from d 10 to 13 and from d 25 to 28). On d 13, 324 broilers were randomly assigned to 9 diets (6 replicate cages, 6 broilers per cage); on d 28, 216 broilers were randomly assigned to 9 diets (6 replicate cages, 4 broilers per cage). The 9 experimental diets included 8 test diets and 1 nitrogen-free diet. Titanium dioxide was added as an exogenous indicator at 0.5% of the diet. In 8 wheat samples, the mean values of total amino acids (TAA), dispensable amino acids (DAA), and indispensable amino acids (IAA) were 12.16% (CV 13.70%), 7.97% (CV 15.49%), and 4.20% (CV 11.47%). On d 13, the lowest SID of AA was Lys (86.71%), and the highest was Pro (97.98%). On d 28, the lowest SID of AA was His (81.31%), and the highest was Pro (96.83%). There was an effect of wheat source on the SID of AA except for Trp (P < 0.05); the broiler age had an effect on the SID of AA except for Tyr (P < 0.05); the SID of most AA were higher at d 13 compared to d 28. At d 13, the SID of AA was correlated with CP, NDF, and ST (P < 0.05). At d 28, the SID of AA was correlated with EE, Ash, ADF, and NDF (P < 0.05). The R2 value of stepwise regression equations to predict the SID of AA at d 13 was highest for Leu (R2 = 0.972), lowest for Asp (R2 = 0.785); at d 28 was highest for Gly (R2 = 0.995), lowest for His (R2 = 0.678). In conclusion, this experiment showed that the chemical properties of wheat can be used to establish accurate equations for predicting the SID of AA. This made it more efficient to obtain the SID of AA for wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- X L Yun
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - X B Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Z C Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Y R Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Y M Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - J M Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - W Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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Shen X, Zhang R, Shi P, Zhang XQ, Chen X, Zhao CZ, Wu P, Guo YM, Huang JQ, Zhang Q. The Dead Lithium Formation under Mechano-Electrochemical Coupling in Lithium Metal Batteries. Fundamental Research 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Liu G, Chu JP, Chen JL, Qian SY, Jin DQ, Lu XL, Xu MX, Cheng YB, Sun ZY, Miao HJ, Li J, Dong SY, Ding X, Wang Y, Chen Q, Duan YY, Huang JT, Guo YM, Shi XN, Su J, Yin Y, Xin XW, Zhao SD, Lou ZX, Jiang JH, Zeng JS. [Effect and influence factors of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in children with congenital heart disease in pediatric intensive care unit]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2022; 60:197-202. [PMID: 35240738 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20211116-00962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the prognostic factors of children with congenital heart disease (CHD) who had undergone cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) in China. Methods: From November 2017 to October 2018, this retrospective multi-center study was conducted in 11 hospitals in China. It contained data from 281 cases who had undergone CPR and all of the subjects were divided into CHD group and non-CHD group. The general condition, duration of CPR, epinephrine doses during resuscitation, recovery of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), discharge survival rate and pediatric cerebral performance category in viable children at discharge were compared. According to whether malignant arrhythmia is the direct cause of cardiopulmonary arrest or not, children in CHD and non-CHD groups were divided into 2 subgroups: arrhythmia and non-arrhythmia, and the ROSC and survival rate to discharge were compared. Data in both groups were analyzed by t-test, chi-square analysis or ANOVA, and logistic regression were used to analyze the prognostic factors for ROSC and survival to discharge after cardiac arrest (CA). Results: The incidence of CA in PICU was 3.2% (372/11 588), and the implementation rate of CPR was 75.5% (281/372). There were 144 males and 137 females with median age of 32.8 (5.6, 42.7) months in all 281 CPA cases who received CPR. CHD group had 56 cases while non-CHD had 225 cases, with the percentage of 19.9% (56/281) and 80.1% (225/281) respectively. The proportion of female in CHD group was 60.7% (34/56) which was higher than that in non-CHD group (45.8%, 103/225) (χ2=4.00, P=0.045). There were no differences in ROSC and rate of survival to discharge between the two groups (P>0.05). The ROSC rate of children with arthythmid in CHD group was 70.0% (28/40), higher than 6/16 for non-arrhythmic children (χ2=5.06, P=0.024). At discharge, the pediatric cerebral performance category scores (1-3 scores) of CHD and non-CHD child were 50.9% (26/51) and 44.9% (92/205) respectively. Logistic regression analysis indicated that the independent prognostic factors of ROSC and survival to discharge in children with CHD were CPR duration (odds ratio (OR)=0.95, 0.97; 95%CI: 0.92~0.97, 0.95~0.99; both P<0.05) and epinephrine dosage (OR=0.87 and 0.79, 95%CI: 0.76-1.00 and 0.69-0.89, respectively; both P<0.05). Conclusions: There is no difference between CHD and non-CHD children in ROSC and survival rate of survival to discharge was low. The epinephrine dosage and the duration of CPR are related to the ROSC and survival to discharge of children with CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Liu
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit,Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - J P Chu
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Xian Children's Hospital, Xi'an 710003, China
| | - J L Chen
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Guiyang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Guiyang 550000, China
| | - S Y Qian
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit,Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - D Q Jin
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Anhui Children's Hospital, Hefei 230000, China
| | - X L Lu
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha 410000, China
| | - M X Xu
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Hebei Children's Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Y B Cheng
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Z Y Sun
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250000, China
| | - H J Miao
- Emergency Ward/Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - J Li
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan 250000, China
| | - S Y Dong
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - X Ding
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit,Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Y Wang
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Xian Children's Hospital, Xi'an 710003, China
| | - Q Chen
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Guiyang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Guiyang 550000, China
| | - Y Y Duan
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Anhui Children's Hospital, Hefei 230000, China
| | - J T Huang
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Y M Guo
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Hebei Children's Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - X N Shi
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Hebei Children's Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - J Su
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Y Yin
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250000, China
| | - X W Xin
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250000, China
| | - S D Zhao
- Emergency Ward/Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Z X Lou
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan 250000, China
| | - J H Jiang
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - J S Zeng
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit,Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
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Jing XP, Wang WJ, Degen AA, Guo YM, Kang JP, Liu PP, Ding LM, Shang ZH, Zhou JW, Long RJ. Small intestinal morphology and sugar transporters expression when consuming diets of different energy levels: comparison between Tibetan and small-tailed Han sheep. Animal 2022; 16:100463. [PMID: 35193064 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2022.100463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Some non-structural carbohydrates, especially starch, escape ruminal fermentation, are converted into glucose, and are absorbed from the small intestine. This glucose provides an important source of energy, and its usage is more efficient than glucose from carbohydrates which are fermented as short chain fatty acids in the rumen and, subsequently, undergo hepatic gluconeogenesis. Tibetan sheep graze on the harsh Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) all year round and their carbohydrate and energy intakes fluctuate greatly with seasonal forage availability. Consequently, a high capacity to absorb glucose from the small intestine would be particularly beneficial for Tibetan sheep to allow them to cope with the inconsistent dietary intakes. This study examined how the small intestinal morphology and sugar transporters' expression of Tibetan and Small-tailed Han (Han) sheep respond to fluctuating energy intakes under the harsh conditions of the QTP. Han sheep graze on the QTP only in summer and are generally raised in feedlots. Twenty-four Tibetan sheep and 24 Han sheep, all wethers, were assigned randomly to four groups (n = 6 per breed/group), with each group offered a diet differing in digestible energy content: 8.21, 9.33, 10.45 and 11.57 MJ/kg DM. After 49 d, all sheep were slaughtered, tissues of the small intestine were collected, and measurements were made of the morphology and glucose transporters and the related regulation gene expressions. At intakes of low energy levels, Tibetan sheep had a greater villus surface area in the duodenum, jejunum and ileum and higher mRNA expression of sodium-dependent glucose transporter 1 in the duodenum and ileum (P < 0.05) than Han sheep. In the glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) mediated glucose absorption pathway, Tibetan sheep had higher GLUT2 and taste receptor family 1 member 2 and 3 mRNA expressions than Han sheep in the duodenum, jejunum and ileum (P < 0.05). We concluded that the differences between breeds indicated a greater glucose absorption capacity in the small intestine of Tibetan than Han sheep, which would confer an advantage to Tibetan over Han sheep to an inconsistent energy intake on the harsh QTP. These findings suggested that ruminants raised under harsh environmental conditions with highly fluctuating dietary intakes, as is often the case in grazing ruminants worldwide, are able to absorb glucose from the small intestine to a greater extent than ruminants raised under more moderate conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- X P Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China; State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-Ecosystems, International Centre for Tibetan Plateau Ecosystem Management, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - W J Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-Ecosystems, International Centre for Tibetan Plateau Ecosystem Management, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - A A Degen
- Desert Animal Adaptations and Husbandry, Wyler Department of Dryland Agriculture, Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 8410500, Israel
| | - Y M Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - J P Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - P P Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-Ecosystems, International Centre for Tibetan Plateau Ecosystem Management, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - L M Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-Ecosystems, International Centre for Tibetan Plateau Ecosystem Management, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Z H Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-Ecosystems, International Centre for Tibetan Plateau Ecosystem Management, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - J W Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China.
| | - R J Long
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-Ecosystems, International Centre for Tibetan Plateau Ecosystem Management, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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10
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Li S, Han XM, Guo YM. [Progress of researches on the development of non-benzimidazoles for the treatment of echinococcosis]. Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi 2021; 33:213-217. [PMID: 34008372 DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2020119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The long-term use of benzimidazoles for the treatment of echinococcosis may cause multiple adverse reactions and low compliance. A search for novel agents, as an alternative of benzimidazoles, is therefore of great significance for the treatment of echinococcosis. This review focuses on the progress of researches on non-benzimidazoles for the clinical treatment of echinococcosis, including anti-parasitic agents, anti-proliferative agents and plant extracts, so as to provide insights into the further development of non-benzimidazoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Li
- Graduate College of Qinghai University, Xining 810000, China.,Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, China
| | - X M Han
- Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, China
| | - Y M Guo
- Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, China
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11
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Jing XP, Wang WJ, Degen AA, Guo YM, Kang JP, Liu PP, Ding LM, Shang ZH, Zhou JW, Long RJ. Energy substrate metabolism in skeletal muscle and liver when consuming diets of different energy levels: comparison between Tibetan and Small-tailed Han sheep. Animal 2021; 15:100162. [PMID: 33485829 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2020.100162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The energy intake of Tibetan sheep on the harsh Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) varies greatly with seasonal forage fluctuations and is often below maintenance requirements, especially during the long, cold winter. The liver plays a crucial role in gluconeogenesis and skeletal muscle is the primary tissue of energy expenditure in mammals. Both play important roles in energy substrate metabolism and regulating energy metabolism homeostasis of the body. This study aimed to gain insight into how skeletal muscle and liver of Tibetan sheep regulate energy substrate metabolism to cope with low energy intake under the harsh environment of the QTP. Tibetan sheep (n = 24; 48.5 ± 1.89 kg BW) were compared with Small-tailed Han sheep (n = 24; 49.2 ± 2.21 kg BW), which were allocated randomly into one of four groups that differed in dietary digestible energy densities: 8.21, 9.33, 10.45 and 11.57 MJ /kg DM. The sheep were slaughtered after a 49-d feeding period, skeletal muscle and liver tissues were collected and measurements were made of the activities of the key enzymes of energy substrate metabolism and the expressions of genes related to energy homeostasis regulation. Compared with Small-tailed Han sheep, Tibetan sheep exhibited higher capacities of propionate to glucose conversion and fatty acid oxidation and ketogenesis in the liver, higher glucose utilization efficiency in both skeletal muscle and liver, but lower activities of fatty acid oxidation and protein mobilization in skeletal muscle, especially when in negative energy balance. However, the Small-tailed Han sheep exhibited higher capacities to convert amino acids and lactate to glucose and higher levels of glycolysis and lipogenesis in the liver than Tibetan sheep. These differences in gluconeogenesis and energy substrate metabolism conferred the Tibetan sheep an advantage over Small-tailed Han sheep to cope with low energy intake and regulate whole-body energy homeostasis under the harsh environment of the QTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- X P Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China; International Centre for Tibetan Plateau Ecosystem Management, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - W J Wang
- International Centre for Tibetan Plateau Ecosystem Management, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - A A Degen
- Desert Animal Adaptations and Husbandry, Wyler Department of Dryland Agriculture, Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of Negev, Beer Sheva 8410500, Israel
| | - Y M Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - J P Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - P P Liu
- International Centre for Tibetan Plateau Ecosystem Management, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - L M Ding
- International Centre for Tibetan Plateau Ecosystem Management, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Z H Shang
- International Centre for Tibetan Plateau Ecosystem Management, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - J W Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China.
| | - R J Long
- International Centre for Tibetan Plateau Ecosystem Management, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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12
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Ren YH, Wang SY, Liu M, Guo YM, Dai HP. [When COVID-19 encounters interstitial lung disease: challenges and management]. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 2020; 43:633-638. [PMID: 32198915 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20200315-00339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In December 2019, a new type of coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) emerged in Wuhan, Hubei, and spread rapidly to China. The lung injury and repair caused by COVID-19 has many similarities with the onset and progression of interstitial lung disease (ILD) . Therefore, it is difficult to distinguish between COVID-19 and some types of new-onset ILD or other causes leading to acute exacerbation of ILD. Clinicians need to comprehensively analyze the epidemic history, disease onset characteristics, clinical manifestations, image characteristics, serological andpathogenic microorganism test results to confirm diagnosis. Because of this, the article will discuss the issues related to the differential diagnosis and management of COVID-19 and ILD, and try to provide reasonable suggestions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Ren
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - S Y Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - M Liu
- Department of Radiology, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Y M Guo
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - H P Dai
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
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13
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Lv ZP, Yan SJ, Li G, Liu D, Guo YM. Genistein improves the reproductive performance and bone status of breeder hens during the late egg-laying period. Poult Sci 2020; 98:7022-7029. [PMID: 31309232 PMCID: PMC8913976 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pez367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Genistein (GEN), a type of soy isoflavones, is similar to estrogen structurally and functionally. The effects of dietary gen on the reproductive performance and bone status of breeder hens were investigated. A total pf 720 laying broiler breeder (LBB) hens were randomly allocated into 3 groups with supplemental dietary GEN doses (0, 40, 400 mg/kg). Each treatment has 8 replicates of 30 birds. The results indicated that supplemental GEN significantly improved the egg production and eggshell strength of LBB hens. Dietary GEN was deposited into the egg yolk, which decreased malonaldehyde in the follicle and egg yolk. The levels of vitellogenin (VTG), progesterone, and follicle-stimulating hormone in the serum of GEN-treated groups were elevated compared with the control group. Furthermore, GEN treatment downregulated the mRNA expression of insulin-like growth factor binding protein in the fallopian tube, whereas 40 mg/kg GEN treatment upregulated estrogen receptor α expression. Both the mRNA expression of VTG-II in the liver and mRNA expression of amphiregulin in the fallopian tube were upregulated after 40 and 400 mg/kg GEN treatment. In the 400 mg/kg GEN-treated group, the levels of calcitonin and alkaline phosphatase in the serum were increased compared with the control group, which was consistent with the increased levels of calcium and phosphorus in the tibia. Supplemental GEN (400 mg/kg) improved the tibia strength of LBB hens, whereas 40 mg/kg GEN had better effects on laying performance. In summary, dietary GEN could improve the egg production and quality, as well as the bone status of LBB hens during the late egg-laying period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z P Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - S J Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - G Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - D Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Y M Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, PR China
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14
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Wu SL, Zhu WJ, Fan DY, Shi BQ, An YD, Wang CL, Han XM, Guo YM. [Phylogenetic analysis of Echinococcus granulosus genotypes based on the GenBank database]. Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi 2020; 32:36-46. [PMID: 32185926 DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2019147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the sequences of the cytochrome C oxidase subunit I (Cox1) gene of various Echinococcus granulosus genotypes that are currently recorded in the GenBank database, so as to investigate the genetic variation and differentiation of the E. granulosus genotypes across the world. METHODS The sequences of the Cox1 gene of various E. granulosus genotypes that are currently recorded in the GenBank database were collected, and the same sequences of the Cox1 gene identified from a region were excluded. The mutation sites among the Cox1 gene sequences were identified and a phylogenetic tree was created based on the Cox1 gene. RESULTS Transversion mutation was the predominant type of mutation in the Cox1 gene of E. granulosus. The same Cox1 gene sequence was found in E. granulosus G1, G6 and G7 genotypes isolated from various geographical locations across the world, with the corresponding GenBank accession numbers of KY766891, MH300971 and MH301007, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that E. granulosus G10 genotype had a remarkable geographical aggregation. CONCLUSIONS E. granulosus G1, G6 and G7 genotypes have primitive Cox1 gene sequences. There is a geographical aggregation of the E. granulosus G10 genotype in the phylogenetic tree, which has a tendency towards reproductive isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Wu
- Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Qinghai Province, Xining 810007, China
| | - W J Zhu
- Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Qinghai Province, Xining 810007, China
- Co-first author
| | - D Y Fan
- Qinghai Provincial Red Cross Hospital, China
| | - B Q Shi
- Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Qinghai Province, Xining 810007, China
| | - Y D An
- Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Qinghai Province, Xining 810007, China
| | - C L Wang
- Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Qinghai Province, Xining 810007, China
| | - X M Han
- Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Qinghai Province, Xining 810007, China
| | - Y M Guo
- Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Qinghai Province, Xining 810007, China
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15
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Zhu WJ, Han XM, Cai QG, Sun YQ, Guo YM. [Study on the molecular phylogeny of Echinococcus multilocularis in Qinghai Province]. Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi 2020; 31:628-634. [PMID: 32064807 DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2018104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To amplify and sequence Coxl and Nadl genes in Echinococcus multilocularis isolates from Qinghai Province, and to create phylogenetic trees and molecular clocks, so as to provide evidence for estimating the evolutionary relationships and origins of E. multilocularis in Qinghai Province. METHODS Twenty-two post-surgical specimens of patients with hepatic alveolar echinococcosis were sampled from Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital in 2017. The Coxl and Nadl genes were amplified from E. multilocularis samples and sequenced. Then, the gene sequences were aligned to the Coxl and Nadl genes of Echinococcus species in GenBank database. The intra-species variation was observed, and the phylogenetic tree and molecular clock were created. RESULTS All E. multilocularis samples shared more than 99% genetic homology with the sequences of Coxl and Nadl genes from the E. multilocularis Asian strain in the GenBank database. A total of 6 genotypes were identified, including 2 isolates that had no 100% homology with the sequences of known genes in the GenBank database. Phylogenetic tree analysis revealed remarkable clustering of the E. multilocularis samples with the E. multilocularis Asian strain, and the E. multilocularis isolates from Qinghai Province were estimated to date back to 94 000 years ago by the molecular clock. CONCLUSIONS The present study characterizes 6 E. multilocularis genotypes in Qinghai Province, including 2 novel genotypes. Asian strain is the predominant strain of E. multilocularis in Qinghai Province, and the E. multilocularis isolates from Qinghai Province date back to 94 000 years ago.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Zhu
- Clinical Research Institute of Hydatid Disease, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining 810007, China
| | - X M Han
- Clinical Research Institute of Hydatid Disease, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining 810007, China.,Co-first author
| | - Q G Cai
- Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, China
| | - Y Q Sun
- Clinical Research Institute of Hydatid Disease, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining 810007, China
| | - Y M Guo
- Clinical Research Institute of Hydatid Disease, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining 810007, China
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16
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Guo YM, Liu XF, Jiao LJ, Yin SY, Wang Z, Li XX, Ma ZP, Yang JM, He MX. [Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma: histopathological grading and prognosis]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2019; 48:784-790. [PMID: 31594043 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5807.2019.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the histological features and prognostic factors of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL). Methods: The pathological data of 62 patients with AITL with complete follow-up information were retrospectively collected and analyzed from Changhai Hospital during September 2012 and September 2017. Histological and immunohistochemical (IHC) examination, in situ hybridization (ISH), and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) gene mutation analysis were done. Subgroup evaluation with histology, IHC, ISH, SNP gene mutation, and association with clinical progression were performed. Results: The cohort included 62 cases of AITL, including 46 males and 16 females patients, with a median age of 64 years. Follicular dendritic cells (FDC) area showed significantly expansion (≥30%) in 40 cases; increased plasma cells (≥10%) was seen in 37 cases; B cells were distributed around blood vessels in 37 cases; and increased p53 mutation positive cells (≥40%) were seen in 39 cases; high Ki-67 index (≥40%) was seen in 39 cases; RHOA mutation was seen in 19 cases; TET2 mutation was seen in 9 cases. Overall survival analysis showed these factors were significantly correlated with tumor prognosis (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that CD38 positive cells<10%, Ki-67≥40%, RHOA and TET2 mutations were risk factors associated with overall survival. Conclusions: AITL could be divided into two different prognostic groups, low-grade and high-grade, with statistically significance outcome, based on the FDC area expansion, degree of plasma cell proliferation, B cells distribution pattern combined with gene mutations and clinical progression. Low-grade malignant group progresses slowly, and high-grade malignant group is highly invasive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Guo
- Department of Pathology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; Department of Pathology, Shanghai Baoshan District Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai 201900, China
| | - X F Liu
- Department of Pathology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - L J Jiao
- Department of Pathology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - S Y Yin
- Department of Pathology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Z Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - X X Li
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China
| | - Z P Ma
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China
| | - J M Yang
- Department of Hematology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - M X He
- Department of Pathology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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17
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Zhao SY, Zhu HH, Wang XQ, A JD, Lu XL, Tian QS, Pan HS, Liu LX, Wu SL, Han XM, Guo YM. [Present situation and progress of comprehensive treatments for hepatic alveolar echinococcosis]. Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi 2019; 31:676-678. [PMID: 32064820 DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2018086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Alveolar echinococcosis is a parasitic zoonosis that severely damages human health. Currently, radical surgical resection is the first choice for hepatic alveolar echinococcosis. For the advanced hepatic echinococcosis patients with refractory radical resection, the palliative surgery combined with chemotherapy, liver transplantation, drug therapy, and radiofrequency microwave ablation may provide comprehensive tools. This article reviews the current situation and progress of comprehensive treatments for hepatic alveolar echinococcosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Zhao
- Department of Surgery, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining 810007, China
| | - H H Zhu
- Department of Surgery, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining 810007, China
| | - X Q Wang
- Department of Surgery, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining 810007, China
| | - J D A
- Department of Surgery, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining 810007, China
| | - X L Lu
- Department of Surgery, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining 810007, China
| | - Q S Tian
- Department of Surgery, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining 810007, China
| | - H S Pan
- Department of Surgery, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining 810007, China
| | - L X Liu
- Department of Surgery, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining 810007, China
| | - S L Wu
- Department of Surgery, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining 810007, China
| | - X M Han
- Department of Surgery, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining 810007, China
| | - Y M Guo
- Department of Surgery, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining 810007, China
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18
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Huo JL, Qu R, Guo YM, Chen C. [Endoscopic selective lateral neck dissection via a chest-breast approach for papillary thyroid carcinoma: preliminary experience in 20 cases]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2019; 33:346-350. [PMID: 30970407 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2019.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective:To explore the feasibility of endoscopic selective lateral neck dissection(SLND) via a chest-breast approach.Method:We retrospectively reviewed 20 patients who underwent endoscopic total thyroidectomy along with SLND, between January 2017 and May 2018. Result: All the 20 patients underwent total thyroidectomy, central lymph nodes dissection and selective lateral lymph nodes dissection with endoscopic surgery via chest-breast approach. In this study, lymphatic leakage, transient voice hoarseness, internal jugular vein injury and external jugular vein injury were repectively found in one patient, and 4 patients suffered from transient parathyroid hypofunction, without other serious complications.Conclusion: Endoscopic lymph node dissection including levels Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ is feasible. It has good cosmetic effect, and haven't serious adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Huo
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Zunyi, Zunyi, 563000, China
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19
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Guo YM, He MX. [Interpretation of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2019; 48:261-264. [PMID: 30831661 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5807.2019.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y M Guo
- Department of Pathology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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20
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Shi HY, Yan SM, Guo YM, Zhang BQ, Guo XY, Shi BL. Vitamin A pretreatment protects NO-induced bovine mammary epithelial cells from oxidative stress by modulating Nrf2 and NF-κB signaling pathways. J Anim Sci 2018; 96:1305-1316. [PMID: 29669072 DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
It is known that physiological overproduction of nitric oxide (NO) contributes to oxidative stress and inflammation. Our published studies indicated that vitamin A (VA) reduces NO-induced oxidative stress in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) by increasing antioxidant enzyme activities. However, the precise mechanism is unclear. The present study was conducted to examine the protective effects of VA on NO-induced damage to BMECs in vitro using diethylenetriamine nitric oxide (DETA-NO) as the NO donor and to explore the intracellular signaling mechanisms of VA that involve nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB). Subconfluent BMECs were divided into 10 treatment groups with 6 replicates per treatment and were cultured with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, vehicle negative control) or 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, or 4 μg/mL of VA for 24 h and then incubated in the absence or presence of DETA-NO (1,000 μmol/liter) and VA for an additional 6 h. The results showed that exposure to DETA alone decreased cell proliferation compared with the negative control. Pretreatment with VA promoted the proliferation of BMECs, increased the activities of antioxidative enzymes including selenoprotein glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) and their gene and protein expression but decreased NO and interleukin 1 (IL-1) contents in a quadratic manner (P < 0.05). In addition, the expression of mRNA and protein of factors that are related to NF-κB or Nrf2 signaling pathways in BMECs were regulated by VA in a quadratic dose-dependent manner; VA at a concentration of 1 μg/mL exhibited the strongest effect. Together, these results suggest that VA promotes antioxidant functions of BMECs by regulating the synthesis of selenoproteins including GPx and TrxR and by reducing concentrations of IL-1 and NO in vitro by modulating Nrf2 and NF-κB signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Shi
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, P.R. China
| | - S M Yan
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, P.R. China
| | - Y M Guo
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, P.R. China
| | - B Q Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, P.R. China
| | - X Y Guo
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, P.R. China
| | - B L Shi
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, P.R. China
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Sun ZW, Fan QH, Wang XX, Guo YM, Wang HJ, Dong X. High stocking density alters bone-related calcium and phosphorus metabolism by changing intestinal absorption in broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2018; 97:219-226. [PMID: 29112750 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Live performance, bone health and metabolic responses to the interaction among stocking density and dietary concentrations of total calcium (TCa) and non-phytate phosphorus (NPP) were determined on 2,232 Ross 308 female broilers over a 3-wk experimental period. From 22 d of age, birds were randomly divided into 48 groups and provided with different corn-soybean meal-based diets varying in TCa (0.70% or 0.90%) and NPP (0.28% or 0.36%) content at 1 of 2 stocking densities [28.6 (LSD, 13 broilers/m2) and 39.6 (HSD, 18 broilers/m2) kg of predicted final BW/m2 floor space], according to a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design with 6 replications in each treatment. Regardless of NPP supplementation, a high-TCa (0.90%) diet aggravated the impact of HSD on growth (BW gain and feed efficiency, P < 0.001) and motility (gait score, P < 0.001). This might be explained by deteriorating tibia quality (relative weight, mineral composition and biomechanical property; P < 0.01), due to the involvement of decreasing duodenal absorption (type IIb sodium-phosphate co-transporter mRNA, P < 0.001) in reduced phosphorus retention (P < 0.001). On the contrary, increasing dietary NPP (0.36%), particularly if high in TCa (0.90%), boosted TCa retention (P < 0.05) by improving absorption (calcium-binding protein D28k transcription, P < 0.05) for LSD chickens, hence enhancing bone development (relative tibia weight and tibia breaking strength, P < 0.05) and leg health (walking ability, P < 0.05). Together, HSD and LSD birds show an impaired TCa tolerance and a higher TCa+NPP threshold, respectively, to allow the optimization of bone quality via altered intestinal absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z W Sun
- College of Life Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong 266109, P. R. China.,Jiurui Agricultural Group Co. Ltd., Qingdao, Shandong 266061, P. R. China
| | - Q H Fan
- Laizhou Inspection and Testing Center, Yantai, Shangdong 261400, P. R. China
| | - X X Wang
- Jiurui Agricultural Group Co. Ltd., Qingdao, Shandong 266061, P. R. China
| | - Y M Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, P. R. China
| | - H J Wang
- College of Life Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong 266109, P. R. China
| | - X Dong
- College of Life Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong 266109, P. R. China
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22
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Guo YM, Huo JL, Qu R, Hu XC, Liu DS, Chen ZY, Hong W. [A comparison of fine needle nonaspiration cytology versus fine needle aspiration for thyroid nodules: a Meta-analysis]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018; 32:868-872. [PMID: 29921061 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2018.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective:To evaluate the differences of smear quality and diagnostic accuracy between thyroid nodules and fine needle nonaspiration cytology (FNNAC) and fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC).Method:Databases were used to search the literature on FNNAC and FNAC. All statistical analyses were performed using Review Manager 5.3 Software.Result:A total of 10 studies were included in the study. Meta-analysis showed no significant difference in FNNAC and FNAC between low, middle and high quality smears. There was no significant difference in diagnostic accuracy.Conclusion:There were no difference in obtaining the smear quality and diagnostic accuracy, the person doing the piercing can freely choose which way according to the habit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Guo
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - J L Huo
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - R Qu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - X C Hu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - D S Liu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - Z Y Chen
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - W Hong
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, 563000, China
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23
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Huang XC, Qi ZY, Ji CL, Guo YM, Yan SC, Zhang YQ, Shao D, Wang XY. High-coordinate CoII and FeII compounds constructed from an asymmetric tetradentate ligand show slow magnetic relaxation behavior. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:8940-8948. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt01829d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A seven-coordinate CoII compound and an eight-coordinate FeII compound based on an asymmetric tetradentate ligand have been reported, and both of them exhibited slow magnetic relaxation behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Cai Huang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering
- Yancheng Teachers University
- Yancheng
- China
| | - Zi-Yi Qi
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering
- Yancheng Teachers University
- Yancheng
- China
| | - Cheng-Long Ji
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering
- Yancheng Teachers University
- Yancheng
- China
| | - Yi-Ming Guo
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering
- Yancheng Teachers University
- Yancheng
- China
| | - Shi-Chang Yan
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering
- Yancheng Teachers University
- Yancheng
- China
| | - Yi-Quan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for NSLSCS
- School of Physical Science and Technology
- Nanjing Normal University
- Nanjing 210023
- China
| | - Dong Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
| | - Xin-Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
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24
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Huang XC, Yan SC, Ji CL, Qi ZY, Guo YM, Tao JQ. Two one-dimensional lanthanide compounds with pentagonal bipyramidal ErIII centers showing slow magnetic relaxation. Polyhedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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25
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Huo JL, Guo YM, Qu R, Liu DS, Chen ZY, Hong W. [Diagnostic accuracy and safety of US-guided core needle biopsy versus fine needle aspiration biopsy of thyroid nodules: a Meta analysis]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2017; 31:1103-1107. [PMID: 29798251 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2017.14.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of core needle biopsy (CNB) and fine neon needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) in the diagnosis of thyroid nodules.Method:The CNKI, Wanfang database, China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science database (the deadline of February 2017) were used to search the literature on CNB and FNABCNB. Two reviewers independently screened the literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted the data and evaluated the quality of the literature, and used RevMan 5.3 software for Meta analysis.Result:The accuracy of the CNB group was higher than that of the FNAB group(RR= 1.14, 95%CI: 1.06-1.22, P< 0.01). Meta analysis showed that the accuracy of CNB group compared with FNAB group was statistically significant the difference was statistically significant. There was no significant difference between the two groups (RR= 0.92, 95%CI:0.67-1.25, P> 0.05).Conclusion:CNB is safe and feasible in the diagnosis of thyroid nodules under the condition of mastery of puncture technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Huo
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Zunyi, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - Y M Guo
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Zunyi, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - R Qu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Zunyi, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - D S Liu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Zunyi, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - Z Y Chen
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Zunyi, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - W Hong
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Zunyi, Zunyi, 563000, China
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26
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Guo SL, Su LN, Zhai YN, Chirume WM, Lei JQ, Zhang H, Yang L, Shen XP, Wen XX, Guo YM. The clinical value of hepatic extracellular volume fraction using routine multiphasic contrast-enhanced liver CT for staging liver fibrosis. Clin Radiol 2016; 72:242-246. [PMID: 28341030 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2016] [Revised: 09/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the value of hepatic extracellular volume fractions (fECVs) measured using routine liver computed tomography (CT) evaluating liver fibrosis (LF). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 60 patients (male:female ratio, 39:21; mean age, 42.4 years) histologically diagnosed with LF underwent routine liver CT. Absolute enhancement (in Hounsfield units) of the liver parenchyma (Eliver) and aorta (Eaorta) 3 minutes after contrast medium administration was calculated using precontrast and equilibrium phase scans. The fECV was calculated using the following equation: fECV (%)=Eliver× (100 - haematocrit [%])/Eaorta. Correlation between fECV and LF stage was evaluated using the Spearman correlation coefficient. The fECVs were compared between each stage of LF. The diagnostic performance of fECV was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. RESULTS The difference among the groups was statistically significant (p<0.05). The fECVs were significantly different (p<0.05) between F0 versus F4, F1 versus F4, and F2 versus F4. The fECVs showed a significant correlation with pathological LF staging (r=0.468, p=0.001). The sensitivity and specificity were 0.76 and 0.68 for severe LF (F≥3); and 0.89 and 0.63 for cirrhosis (F=4). The areas under the ROC curve (AUCs) for F≥3 and F=4 were 0.757 and 0.775, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Calculation of fECV during routine contrast-enhanced liver CT may provide a non-invasive means of assessing LF.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Guo
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an City, China; Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou City, China; Lanzhou University First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou City, China
| | - L N Su
- Department of Radiology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou City, China
| | - Y N Zhai
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou City, China; Lanzhou University First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou City, China
| | - W M Chirume
- Lanzhou University First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou City, China
| | - J Q Lei
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou City, China; Lanzhou University First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou City, China
| | - H Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou City, China; Lanzhou University First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou City, China
| | - L Yang
- Lanzhou University First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou City, China
| | - X P Shen
- Epidemiology and Health Statistics Institute, Public Health School of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou City, China
| | - X X Wen
- Assisted Reproductive Medical Center, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Lanzhou City, China
| | - Y M Guo
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an City, China.
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27
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Sun ZW, Fan QH, Wang XX, Guo YM, Wang HJ, Dong X. High dietary biotin levels affect the footpad and hock health of broiler chickens reared at different stocking densities and litter conditions. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2016; 101:521-530. [PMID: 27080201 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Responses to stocking density (SD), dietary biotin concentration and litter condition were evaluated on 2016 Ross 308 male broilers in the fattening period (day 22-day 42). The birds were placed in 48 pens with either dry or wet litter to simulate the final stocking density of 30 kg (12 broilers/m2 ; normal stocking density, NSD) and 40 kg (16 broilers/m2 ; high stocking density, HSD) of body weight (BW)/m2 floor space. A corn-soybean meal-based diet was supplemented with biotin to provide a normal (NB; 155 μg/kg) or high (HB, 1521 μg/kg) level of dietary biotin. There were six repetitions per treatment. The inappropriate moisture content of litter associated with HSD was avoided (p < 0.05) by good management (SD difference: dry litter, 6.65% vs. wet litter, 13.23%; 42 days), which made it advantageous (p < 0.01) for footpad (SD difference: dry litter, 0.118 vs. wet litter, 0.312; weekly average value) and hock health (SD difference: dry litter, 0.090 vs. wet litter, 0.303; weekly average value) of HSD birds, but not (p > 0.05) for growth and processing yield. In HSD, the biotin effect (gains, FCR) was significantly higher (p < 0.01) than in NSD. The similar response of HSD birds to supplemental biotin was observed (p < 0.05) for lesion scores of footpad and hock in particularly finishing chickens, and a significant interaction (p < 0.01) among stocking density, biotin supplementation and litter condition existed from 35 to 42 days of age. Taken together, increasing dietary biotin improves the performance and well-being of broiler chickens stocked at high densities in litter-independent and litter-dependent manners respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z W Sun
- College of Life Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China.,Jiurui Agricultural Group Co Ltd, Qingdao, China
| | - Q H Fan
- Laizhou Inspection and Testing Center, Yantai, China
| | - X X Wang
- Jiurui Agricultural Group Co Ltd, Qingdao, China
| | - Y M Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - H J Wang
- College of Life Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - X Dong
- College of Life Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
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28
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Guo YM, Zhang ZY, Ma JW, Ai HS, Ren J, Huang LS. A genomewide association study of feed efficiency and feeding behaviors at two fattening stages in a White Duroc × Erhualian F population. J Anim Sci 2016; 93:1481-9. [PMID: 26020169 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2014-8655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Feeding efficiency is a multifactorial and economically important trait in pigs. Genetic improvement of feeding efficiency will greatly benefit the pig industry. In the past decades, the hog market weight has increased worldwide. However, whether the genetic architecture of feeding efficiency is same or not at early and late fattening periods is unclear. To map genomic regions for feed efficiency and feeding behavior traits at early (n ≥ 384) and late (n ≥ 334) growth stages in pigs, we performed genomewide association studies for feed to gain ratio (FCR), residual feed intake (RFI), daily feed intake, daily visit times, daily feeding time (DFT), feed intake per second (FIPS), and feed intake per visit during 3 periods (2 stages and overall) in a White Duroc × Erhualian F2 intercross population. Six chromosomal regions showed significant association with these traits, of which 4 loci were reported for the first time. Our results confirmed the QTL of FCR around 34 Mb on SSC7 and RFI around 134 Mb on SSC12. Of note, 2 regions were associated with more than 1 trait. One was around 36 Mb on SSC7, and there were 47 and 67 SNP associated with FCR from 120 to 210 and from 120 to 240 d, respectively. The top SNP is located in a 2.88-Mb linkage disequilibrium (LD) block that harbors 44 genes. We propose the high mobility group AT-hook 1 gene as a plausible candidate gene in this region. The other was evidenced around 53 Mb on SSC12, which had multiple association signals for DFT and FIPS. The top SNP is located in a 211-kb LD block that harbors only 1 annotated gene, WSCD1, which encodes a protein with sulfotransferase activity and involves the glucose metabolism and, therefore, appears to be a plausible candidate gene. Except the region on SSC12 associated with DFT at both stages, the rest of the regions associated with the traits at only 1 stage, so the genetic architectures of the 2 stages are not same.
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Ning D, Yuan JM, Wang YW, Peng YZ, Guo YM. The net energy values of corn, dried distillers grains with solubles and wheat bran for laying hens using indirect calorimetry method. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2014; 27:209-16. [PMID: 25049945 PMCID: PMC4093209 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2013.13243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Revised: 08/23/2013] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to estimate the NE values of corn, dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) and wheat bran (WB) for laying hens based on an indirect calorimetry method and nitrogen balance measurements. A total of 576 twenty-eight-wk-old Dwarf Pink-shell laying hens were randomly assigned to four groups fed a basal diet (BD) or a combination of BD with 50% corn or 20% DDGS or 20% WB, with four replicates each. After a 7-d adaptation period, each replicate with 36 hens were kept in one of the two respiration chambers to measure the heat production (HP) for 6 days during the feeding period and subsequent 3-d fasting. The equilibrium fasting HP (FHP) provided an estimate of NE requirements for maintenance (NEm). The NE values of test feedstuffs was estimated using the difference method. Results showed that the heat increment that contributed 35.34 to 37.85% of ME intake was not influenced by experimental diets (p>0.05) when expressed as Mcal/kg of DM feed intake. Lighting increased the HP in hens in an fed-state. The FHP decreased over time (p<0.05) with the lowest value determined on the third day of starvation. No significant difference between treatments was found on FHP of d 3 (p>0.05). The estimated AME, AMEn, and NE values were 3.46, 3.44 and 2.25 Mcal/kg DM for corn, 3.11, 2.79, and 1.80 Mcal/kg DM for DDGS, 2.14, 2.10, and 1.14 Mcal/kg DM for WB, respectively. The net availability of AME of corn tended to be numerically higher than DDGS and WB (p = 0.096). In conclusion, compared with corn, the energy values of DDGS and WB were overestimated when expressed on an AME basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ning
- State Key lab of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - J M Yuan
- State Key lab of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Y W Wang
- State Key lab of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Y Z Peng
- State Key lab of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Y M Guo
- State Key lab of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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30
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Ning D, Guo YM, Wang YW, Peng YZ. Earlier Metabolizable Energy Intake Level Influences Heat Production during a Following 3-Day Fast in Laying Hens. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2014; 26:558-63. [PMID: 25049823 PMCID: PMC4093384 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2012.12566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2012] [Revised: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 12/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to estimate energy requirements for maintenance in laying hens by using indirect calorimetry and energy balance. A total of 576 28-wk-old Nongda-3 laying hens with dwarf gene were randomly allocated into four ME intake levels (86.57, 124.45, 166.63 and 197.20 kcal/kg body weight (BW)(0.75) per d) with four replicates each. After a 4 d adaptation period, 36 hens from one replicate were maintained in one of the two respiration chambers to measure the heat production (HP) for 3 d during the feeding period and subsequent 3 d fast. Metabolizable energy (ME) intake was partitioned between heat increment (HI), HP associated with activity, fasting HP (FHP) and retained energy (RE). The equilibrium FHP may provide an estimate of NE requirements for maintenance (NEm). Results showed that HP, HI and RE in the fed state increased with ME intake level (p<0.05). Based on the regression of HP on ME intake, the estimated ME requirements for maintenance (MEm) was 113.09 kcal/kg BW(0.75) per d when ME intake equals HP. The FHP was decreased day by day with the lowest value on the third day of starvation. Except for lowest ME intake level, the FHP increased with ME intake level on the first day of starvation (p<0.05). The FHP at the two higher ME intake levels were greater than that at the two lower ME intake levels (p<0.05) but no difference was found between the two lower ME intake levels. Linear regression of HP from the fed state to zero ME intake yielded a value of 71.02 kcal/kg BW(0·75) per d, which is higher than the extrapolated FHP at zero ME intake (60.78, 65.23 and 62.14 kcal/kg BW(0.75) per d for the first, second and third day of fasting, respectively). Fasting time, lighting schedules, calculation methods and duration of adaptation of hens to changes in ME intake level should be properly established when using indirect calorimetry technique to estimate dietary NE content, MEm and NEm for laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ning
- State Key lab of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Y M Guo
- State Key lab of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Y W Wang
- State Key lab of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Y Z Peng
- State Key lab of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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Wang YW, Ning D, Peng YZ, Guo YM. Effects of Dietary L-carnitine Supplementation on Growth Performance, Organ Weight, Biochemical Parameters and Ascites Susceptibility in Broilers Reared Under Low-temperature Environment. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2014; 26:233-40. [PMID: 25049781 PMCID: PMC4093155 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2012.12407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2012] [Revised: 10/05/2012] [Accepted: 09/28/2012] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of L-carnitine on growth performance, organ weight, biochemical parameters of blood, heart and liver, and ascites susceptibility of broilers at different ages reared under a low-temperature environment. A total of 420 1-d-old male Ross 308 broilers were randomly assigned to two dietary treatments with fifteen replicates of fourteen broilers each. Treatment diets consisted of L-carnitine supplementation at levels of 0 and 100 mg/kg. At 11-d of age, low temperature stress was used to increase ascites susceptibility. Blood, heart and liver samples were collected at different ages for analysis of boichemical parameters. The results showed that, there was no significant difference in growth performance with L-carnitine supplementation, but the mortality due to ascites was significantly decreased. Dietary L-carnitine supplementation significantly reduced heart index (HI) and ascites heart index (AHI) on d 21, lung index (LUI) on d 35 and liver index (LI) on d 42. The broilers fed diets containing L-carnitine had significantly lower red blood cell counts (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB) concentration and hematocrit (HCT) on d 42. Dietary L-carnitine supplementation significantly reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) content of heart tissue on d 21 and 35, and significantly increased total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity of the heart on d 21 and 42. L-carnitine supplementation significantly reduced serum triglyceride (TG) content on d 28 and 35 and serum glucose (GLU) on d 35 and 42, and significantly increased serum total protein (TP) and globulin (GLO) content on d 42. L-carnitine supplementation significantly enhanced liver succinodehydrogenase (SDH), malic dehydrogenase (MDH) and Na+-K+-ATPase activity on d 28, and tended to reduce the lactic acid (LD) level of liver on d 35 (p = 0.06). L-carnitine supplementation significantly reduced serum uric acid (UA) content on d 28, 35 and 42. Based on the current results, it can be concluded that dietary L-carnitine supplementation reduced organ index, red blood cell counts and hematocrit, enhanced antioxidative capacity of the heart, enhanced liver enzymes activity involved in tricarboxylic acid cycle, and reduced serum glucose and triglyceride. Therefore, it is suggested that L-carnitine can potentially reduce susceptibility and mortality due to ascites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y W Wang
- State Key Lab of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - D Ning
- State Key Lab of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Y Z Peng
- State Key Lab of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Y M Guo
- State Key Lab of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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Abstract
1. A dose-response experiment with 6 dietary choline concentrations (0, 342, 779, 1285, 1662 and 1962 mg/kg) was conducted with male White Pekin ducks to estimate the choline requirement from 21 to 42 d of age. 2. Ninety 21-d-old male White Pekin ducks were allotted to 6 dietary treatments, each containing 5 replicate pens with three birds per pen. At 42 d of age, final weight, weight gain, feed intake and feed/gain were measured. Liver was collected to determine total liver lipid, triglyceride and phospholipids. 3. Significant positive effects of dietary choline on final weight, weight gain and feed intake were observed. In addition, dietary choline supplementation significantly decreased liver lipid and triglyceride content and increased liver phospholipids of Pekin ducks. 4. According to broken-line regression analysis, the choline requirements of male White Pekin ducks from 21 to 42 d of age for weight gain, feed intake and total liver lipid were 980, 950 and 1130 mg/kg. Pekin ducks needed more choline to prevent excess liver lipid deposition than to maintain growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z G Wen
- a Institute of Animal Sciences , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100193 , China
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Ruan MY, Ouyang ZW, Guo YM, Cheng JJ, Sun YC, Xia ZC, Rao GH, Okubo S, Ohta H. Disappearance of Ising nature in Ca3ZnMnO6 studied by high-field ESR. J Phys Condens Matter 2014; 26:236001. [PMID: 24828049 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/26/23/236001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
High-field electron spin resonance measurements of an antiferromagnet Ca3ZnMnO6 isostructure, with the Ising-chain multiferroic Ca3CoMnO6, have been carried out. Two distinct resonance modes were observed below TN = 25 K, which is well explained by conventional antiferromagnetic resonance theory with easy-plane anisotropy. The zero-field spin gap is derived to be about 166 GHz, originating from the easy-plane anisotropy and exchange interaction. Our result suggests that the Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya interaction, which may induce spin canting, is absent. Disappearance of Ising anisotropy in Ca3ZnMnO6 suggests that the Co(4+) ion, as well as the Co-Mn superexchange, plays an important role for the Ising nature in Ca3CoMnO6.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Y Ruan
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China. School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
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Sun ZW, Yan L, G YY, Zhao JP, Lin H, Guo YM. Increasing dietary vitamin D3 improves the walking ability and welfare status of broiler chickens reared at high stocking densities. Poult Sci 2014; 92:3071-9. [PMID: 24235214 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2013-03278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of varying dietary vitamin D3 and stocking density on growing performance, carcass characteristics, bone biomechanical properties, and welfare responses in Ross (308) broilers. Experimental diets, containing 1, 10, or 20 times the NRC recommended level of vitamin D3 (200 IU/kg), were formulated with low, medium, or high vitamin D3 levels for 3 growing phases. Two stocking densities were 10 and 16 birds/m(2). One-day-old hatchlings (1,872 males) were randomly assigned to 6 pens in each treatment. Results showed that high stocking density decreased the feed intake, BW gain (P < 0.01), breast muscle yield (P = 0.010), and tibial development (P < 0.01), whereas increasing feed conversion ratio (P < 0.001), and the scores of gait, footpad and hock burn, and abdominal plumage damage (P < 0.01), particularly toward the age when birds attained their market size. Increasing dietary vitamin D3 improved the birds' walking ability and tibial quality (P < 0.05), and reduced the development of footpad or hock dermatitis and abdominal plumage damage (P < 0.01), some aspects of which were age-dependent and appeared to vary with stocking density. These data indicate that increasing supplemental vitamin D3 has a favorable effect on walking ability and welfare status of high stocking density birds, but not on performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z W Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094 P. R. China
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Yang Y, Zhang BK, Liu D, Nie W, Yuan JM, Wang Z, Guo YM. Sodium hydrosulfide prevents hypoxia-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension in broilers. Br Poult Sci 2013; 53:608-15. [PMID: 23281754 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2012.728284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
1. The aim of the study was to determine if H(2)S is involved in the development of hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension in broilers, a condition frequently observed in a variety of cardiac and pulmonary diseases. 2. Two-week-old broilers were reared under normoxic conditions or exposed to normobaric hypoxia (6 h/day) with tissue levels of H(2)S adjusted by administering sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS, 10 µmol/kg body weight/day). Mean pulmonary arterial pressure, right ventricular mass, plasma and tissue H(2)S levels, the expression of cystathionine-β-synthase (CSE) and vascular remodeling were determined at 35 d of age. 3. Exposure to hypoxia-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension was characterized by elevated pulmonary pressure, right ventricular hypertrophy and vascular remodeling. This was accompanied by decreased expression of CSE and decreased concentrations of plasma and tissue H(2)S. 4. Hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension was significantly reduced by administration of NaHS but this protective effect was largely abolished by D, L-propargylglycerine, an inhibitor of CSE. 5. The results indicate that H(2)S is involved in the development of hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. Supplementing NaHS or H(2)S could be a strategy for reducing hypoxia-induced hypertension in broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yang
- Key State Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China.
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Long FY, Yang X, Guo YM, Wang Z, Yuan JM, Zhang BK, Liu D. Conjugated linoleic acids alleviate the immunosuppression of peripheral blood T lymphocytes in broiler chickens exposed to cyclosporin A. Poult Sci 2012; 91:2431-7. [PMID: 22991524 PMCID: PMC7107217 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2011-02022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The immunoregulatory actions of conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) of relevance immunosuppression were investigated. To test the hypothesis that CLA ameliorate immunosuppression, we developed the immunosuppressive model of peripheral blood T lymphocytes in broiler chickens induced by cyclosporin A. Peripheral blood T lymphocytes of broiler chickens were cultured with media containing various concentrations (25, 50, 100, and 200 μmol/L) of c9, t11-CLA and t10, c12-CLA to investigate the effects of CLA isomers on peripheral blood T lymphocyte proliferation, interleukin-2, the activity of phospholipase C, and protein kinase C production. Results suggested that CLA alleviated the immunosuppression of T lymphocytes in broiler chickens exposed to cyclosporin A through increasing of peripheral blood T lymphocyte proliferation and interleukin-2. The 2 CLA isomers enhanced T lymphocyte proliferation at low concentration and inhibited T lymphocyte proliferation at high concentration. In addition, the effect of c9, t11-CLA was better than that of t10, c12-CLA. At the cellular level, the effects of CLA on the alleviation of immunosuppression in T lymphocytes are mainly attributable to increasing the signaling molecules, such as phospholipase C and protein kinase C.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Y Long
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Ren DR, Ren J, Ruan GF, Guo YM, Wu LH, Yang GC, Zhou LH, Li L, Zhang ZY, Huang LS. Mapping and fine mapping of quantitative trait loci for the number of vertebrae in a White Duroc × Chinese Erhualian intercross resource population. Anim Genet 2012; 43:545-51. [PMID: 22497517 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2011.02313.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The number of vertebrae is associated with body size and meat production in pigs. To identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for the number of vertebrae, phenotypic values were measured in 1029 individuals from a White Duroc × Chinese Erhualian intercross F(2) population. A whole genome scan was performed with 194 microsatellite markers in the F(2) population. Four genome-wide significant QTL and eight chromosome-wide significant QTL for the number of vertebrae were identified on pig chromosomes (SSC) 1, 2, 6, 7, 10 and 12. The most significant QTL was detected on SSC7 with a confidence interval of 1 cM, explaining 42.32% of the phenotypic variance in the thoracic vertebral number. The significant QTL on SSC1, 2 and 7 confirmed previous reports. A panel of 276 animals representing seven Western and Chinese breeds was genotyped with 34 microsatellite markers in the SSC7 QTL region. No obvious selective sweep effect was observed in the tested breeds, indicating that intensive selection for enlarged body size in Western commercial breeds did not wipe out the genetic variability in the QTL region. The Q alleles for increased vertebral number originated from both Chinese Erhualian and White Duroc founder animals. A haplotype block of approximately 900 kb was found to be shared by all Q-bearing chromosomes of F(1) sires except for one distinct Q chromosome. The critical region harbours the newly reported VRTN gene associated with vertebral number. Further investigations are required to confirm whether VRTN or two other positional candidate genes, PROX2 and FOS, cause the QTL effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Ren
- Key Laboratory for Animal Biotechnology of Jiangxi Province and Ministry of Agriculture of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
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Yan R, Wang H, Yang Z, Ji ZH, Guo YM. Predicted probability of meniscus tears: comparing history and physical examination with MRI. Swiss Med Wkly 2011; 141:w13314. [PMID: 22180191 DOI: 10.4414/smw.2011.13314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The indication for surgical treatment of a meniscal lesion should not only rely on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, but also on a detailed history and a thorough clinical examination. However, various intra-articular lesions may often produce similar symptoms. So, what kinds of symptoms are more associated with a meniscal tear? Is MRI worth doing? OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to identify sensitive and specific clinical tests and elements of patients' history with a high predictive value, and to assess the combined diagnostic accuracy of sensitive and specific clinical tests and elements of patients' history with MRI. METHODS Data from 281 consecutive knee arthroscopies to investigate and treat suspected internal knee pathologies were retrospectively collected between March 2009 and April 2010. The study group consisted of 262 knees. Statistically significant factors in the clinical diagnosis of meniscal tears were screened by a chi-square test. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine which factors associated with meniscal tears found during arthroscopy. The diagnostic values of MRI and the sensitive and specific clinical tests and elements of patients' history with high predictive value for meniscal tears were calculated. RESULTS The overall diagnostic value of MRI for meniscal tears was: accuracy, 88.8%; sensitivity, 95.7%; specificity, 75.8%; positive predictive value (PPV), 88.2%; and negative predictive value (NPV), 90.4%. Giving way, locking and McMurray's test were independent diagnostic factors with a predicted correct percentage of 80.0% (p <0.05) for the diagnosis of meniscal tears found during arthroscopy. Locking, McMurray's test and MRI increased the predicted correct percentage of meniscal tears found during arthroscopy to 91.6% (p <0.05). For the diagnosis of meniscal tears found during arthroscopy, giving way, locking and McMurray's test had the following values for accuracy (49.2, 60.9, 76), sensitivity (43.5, 55.2, 75.8), specificity (84, 96, 76.9), PPV (94.4, 98.8, 95.1) and NPV (19.4, 25.8, 35.1). Combining MRI, the diagnostic values of giving way, locking, and McMurray's test were: accuracy, 88.3,89.9,89.4; sensitivity, 95.7,97.4,97.4; specificity, 74.2,75.8,74.2; PPV, 87.5,88.4,87.7; and NPV, 90.2,94,93.9. CONCLUSIONS Giving way, locking and McMurray's test are independent clinical diagnostic factors for the diagnosis of meniscal tears. MRI has higher accuracy, sensitivity and NPV for the diagnosis of meniscal tears than giving way, locking and McMurray's test. The combination of giving way, locking, McMurray's test and MRI for confirmation is typical for a meniscal lesion diagnosis. Based on these findings, MRI should be used in a standard manner to detect meniscal tears found during arthroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Yan
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xian Jiao Tong University, Xian, China
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Yan GL, Guo YM, Yuan JM, Liu D, Zhang BK. Sodium alginate oligosaccharides from brown algae inhibit Salmonella Enteritidis colonization in broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2011; 90:1441-8. [PMID: 21673159 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2011-01364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of sodium alginate oligosaccharides (sAO) on growth performance, cecal microbiota, Salmonella translocation to internal organs, and mucosal immune responses to challenge with Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis in broiler chickens were investigated. We designed an experiment with a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement, in which 3 feed treatments with supplementation of sAO at 0 (controls), 0.04, or 0.2% were provided in the diet for birds not challenged or challenged with Salmonella Enteritidis. There were 5 randomly placed replicate pens for each treatment. At 8 to 12 d of age, one-half the poults were orally gavaged with 10(8) cfu of Salmonella Enteritidis and the nonchallenged groups were inoculated with sterile PBS. Body weight loss and mortality resulting from Salmonella infection were mitigated by the addition of sAO. Supplementation of sAO at 0.2% was the most effective concentration for reducing Salmonella colonization and increasing the number of lactic acid bacteria in the cecum of chickens challenged with Salmonella Enteritidis. Cecal Salmonella Enteritidis-specific IgA production was significantly increased by sAO at 0.2% at 5 d postchallenge compared with the other treatments and was maintained at higher levels at the 2 dosages of sAO at 10 d postchallenge. With Salmonella Enteritidis challenge, sAO at 0.04% showed an anti-inflammatory effect through upregulation of interleukin (IL)-10 expression in the cecal tonsils. The supplementation level of 0.2% showed dramatic immunostimulatory activity by inducing interferon-γ, IL-10, and IL-1β mRNA expression in cecal tonsils of nonchallenged birds. However, the high level of sAO induced a robust mucosal immune response in the absence of a challenge, and this may have led to a decline in BW. These findings suggest that dietary sAO can decrease Salmonella colonization and improve intestinal barrier function and performance of chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- G L Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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Bun SD, Guo YM, Guo FC, Ji FJ, Cao H. Influence of organic zinc supplementation on the antioxidant status and immune responses of broilers challenged with Eimeria tenella. Poult Sci 2011; 90:1220-6. [PMID: 21597062 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2010-01308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
An experiment was conducted to investigate the influence of Zn supplementation on the performance, antioxidant status, and immune responses of broilers challenged with Eimeria tenella. A total of 384 male broilers (1 d old) were assigned to 8 treatments consisting of 8 replicates of 6 chicks each. A basal corn-soybean meal diet (29.6 mg of Zn/kg) was supplemented with methionine hydroxyl analog-Zn chelate at 0, 20, 40, and 60 mg/kg of diet. At 21 d of age, birds were orally gavaged with 1.5 × 10(4) sporulated E. tenella oocysts. Dietary Zn supplementation had no effect on growth performance of either the challenged or nonchallenged birds. Activities of Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were increased (P < 0.001) with increasing Zn levels in both the challenged and nonchallenged groups. Lipid peroxidation tended to be reduced (P = 0.08) at Zn inclusion of 20 and 40 mg/kg. In vitro lymphocyte proliferation responses to mitogen concanavalin A and LPS were not influenced by dietary Zn or challenge. The main effects of Zn level and challenge were significant for secretory IgA on d 28 (P < 0.01) and 35 (P < 0.001). During both periods, secretory IgA of birds receiving dietary Zn supplementation was higher (P < 0.05) than that of those receiving no Zn supplementation. Birds fed Zn supplementation excreted fewer oocysts in the excreta than those receiving no Zn supplement (P < 0.001). Results indicated that organic Zn supplementation reduced oxidative stress and improved some immune responses irrespective of whether birds were healthy or challenged with E. tenella.
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Affiliation(s)
- S D Bun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
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Li T, Meng QH, Zou ZQ, Fan YC, Long B, Guo YM, Hou W, Zhao J, Li J, Yu HW, Zhu YK, Wang K. Correlation between promoter methylation of glutathione-S-tranferase P1 and oxidative stress in acute-on-chronic hepatitis B liver failure. J Viral Hepat 2011; 18:e226-31. [PMID: 21692937 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2011.01438.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Promoter methylation of glutathione-S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) may be involved in liver damage caused by oxidative stress in acute-on-chronic hepatitis B-induced liver failure (ACHBLF). This study aimed to explore GSTP1 promoter methylation status and oxidative stress in such patients. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with acute-on-chronic liver hepatitis B-induced liver failure, chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and normal controls, followed by sodium-bisulfite treatment and methylation-specific PCR (MSP) analysis. Plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) adducts levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay as oxidative stress marker. Model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score was employed to estimate the severity of the liver failure. Eleven of 35 patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure and 3 of 35 patients with stab le hepatitis B displayed GSTP1 promoter methylation, and the difference was significant (χ2) = 5.71, P = 0.02). No differences in standard liver function tests were found in patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure with and without GSTP1 promoter methylation although the levels of total bilirubin were greater in those with methylation. The levels of MDA adducts were significantly higher in patients with liver failure when compared to those with CHB (12.44 ± 5.38 pmol/mg vs 8.42 ± 5.49 pmol/mg, P < 0.01), and in the patients with liver failure who had promoter methylation the levels were higher than in those who did not (15.2 ± 4.68 pmol/mg vs 11.17 ± 5.29 pmol/mg, P < 0.01). The MELD score was not significantly different between methylated and unmethylated patients with liver failure (P > 0.05), although MDA adducts were correlated with MELD scores in patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure (r = 0.579, P < 0.01). GSTP1 promoter methylation may facilitate oxidative stress-associated liver damage in ACHBLF, and oxidative stress is correlated with ACHBLF severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Li
- Department of Hepatology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Abstract
We previously performed a genome scan in a White Duroc × Erhualian F(2) population and identified a QTL on SSC15 with strong effect on pH24h in M. Longissimus dorsi and M. Semimembranous muscle tissue. At that time, the mode of inheritance of this QTL was not clarified, and it was also unclear whether the observed QTL effect was completely or partially caused by mutations in the PRKAG3 gene, which is the only major gene on SSC15 so far known to influence pH24h. In this study, effects of the PRKAG3 gene on meat quality traits were estimated by association analyses. Two substitutions in PRKAG3, p.Ile199Val (p.I199V) and p.Thr30Asn (p.T30N), were found to be segregating in the F(2) population and to significantly affect pH24h and total glycogen in meat, respectively. However, we excluded PRKAG3 as a causative gene for the detected QTL based on the following reasons: (i) the gene was located outside of the QTL confidence interval; (ii) when the PRKAG3 substitution was included as a fixed effect in the QTL model, the F-ratio for the QTL increased rather than decreased; (iii) favourable alleles for pH24h at the QTL and at the PRKAG3 p.I199V locus originated from Erhualian and White Duroc founders, respectively; (iv) more importantly, this QTL showed exclusive maternal expression, differing from the Mendelian expression of PRKAG3. In conclusion, this study is the first to report a maternally-expressed QTL for pH24h on SSC15, which is distinct from PRKAG3.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Qiao
- Key Laboratory for Animal Biotechnology of Jiangxi Province and the Ministry of Agriculture of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
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Hu XF, Guo YM, Huang BY, Bun S, Zhang LB, Li JH, Liu D, Long FY, Yang X, Jiao P. The effect of glucagon-like peptide 2 injection on performance, small intestinal morphology, and nutrient transporter expression of stressed broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2010; 89:1967-74. [PMID: 20709983 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2009-00547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of injecting glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2) on the small intestinal weight, morphology, and nutrient transporter expression in pharmacologically stressed broiler chickens. A total of 144 seven-day-old birds were fed either a basal diet (CTRL) or a basal diet plus 30 mg of corticosterone (CORT)/kg of diet for a total of 14 d. Half of the birds from each group were injected daily with GLP-2 (6.7 nmol/kg of BW) or saline for 14 d. The average final BW, ADG, ADFI, and the ratio of feed intake to weight gain (F:G) was recorded over 21 d for the 4 groups of 36 birds, namely CTRL + saline, CTRL + GLP-2, CORT + saline, and CORT + GLP-2. In addition, the absolute and relative small intestinal weight, villus height (VH), and crypt depth (CD) of the duodenum and jejunum, as well as the abundance of sodium and glucose co-transporter 1 (SGLT-1), vitamin D-dependent calcium-binding protein-28,000 molecular weight (CaBP-D28k), and peptide transporter 1 (PepT-1) mRNA in the duodenum and of liver fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP) mRNA in the jejunum. The total DNA, RNA, and protein content in small intestinal mucosa were also determined. The results showed that CORT administration significantly lowered average final BW, ADG, ADFI, absolute small intestinal weight, VH, and CD of duodenum and jejunum (P < 0.05) while increasing the relative small intestinal weight, F:G, relative abundance of SGLT-1, CaBP-D28k, PepT-1, and L-FABP mRNA (P < 0.05). Glucagon-like peptide 2 injection increased the average final BW, ADG, VH, and CD in duodenum and jejunum and relative abundance of SGLT-1, CaBP-28k, PepT1, and PepT1 mRNA of broiler chickens, respectively (P < 0.05), and decreased F:G (P < 0.05). In chickens fed basal diet plus CORT, injecting GLP-2 decreased F:G (P < 0.05); increased VH and CD of duodenum and CD of jejunum; and increased relative abundance of SGLT-1, CaBP-D28k, PepT-1, and L-FABP mRNA, RNA, and total protein content in small intestine compared with the injection of saline (P < 0.05). In birds fed the basal diet, GLP-2 injection decreased F:G (P < 0.05) and increased final BW, ADG, small bowel weight, CD of jejunum, and relative abundance of CaBP-D28k and PepT-1 mRNA compared with injecting saline (P < 0.05). In conclusion, GLP-2 injection reversed the negative effect of stress on the weight and morphology and the absorptive function of small bowel of broiler chickens. Glucagon-like peptide 2 injection also had a positive effect on the growth performance of healthy broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- X F Hu
- The State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
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Zhang ZY, Ren J, Ren DR, Ma JW, Guo YM, Huang LS. Mapping quantitative trait loci for feed consumption and feeding behaviors in a White Duroc x Chinese Erhualian resource population. J Anim Sci 2009; 87:3458-63. [PMID: 19684274 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2008-1694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To identify QTL for feed consumption and feeding behavior traits in pigs, ADFI, feed conversion ratio (FCR), number of visits to the feeder per day (NVD), and average feeding rate (AFR) were recorded in 577 F(2) animals from a White Duroc x Chinese Erhualian resource population during the fattening period of 120 to 240 d. A whole genome scan was performed with 183 microsatellites covering the pig genome across the entire resource population. A total of 8 QTL were identified on 5 pig chromosomes, including 3 genome-wide significant QTL for FCR on SSC2, 7, and 9, 1 significant QTL for ADFI on SSC3, and 1 for NVD on SSC7. These QTL were identified for the first time, except for the QTL for FCR on SSC2. Four of the 5 significant QTL were adjacent to the known QTL for growth, carcass, and fat deposition traits, supporting the existence of gene(s) with pleiotropic effects on these traits. White Duroc alleles were generally associated with greater phenotypic values, except for those on SSC7 and 9. Comparison of QTL for feed consumption and feeding behaviors indicated that distinct chromosomes had effects on the 2 types of traits. Characterization of causative gene(s) underlying the identified QTL would shed new light on the genetic basis of feed consumption and feeding behaviors in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Y Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Biotechnology of Jiangxi Province, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, 330045, Nanchang, China
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Ding NS, Mao HR, Guo YM, Ren J, Xiao SJ, Wu GZ, Shen HQ, Wu LH, Ruan GF, Brenig B, Huang LS. A genome-wide scan reveals candidate susceptibility loci for pig hernias in an intercross between White Duroc and Erhualian. J Anim Sci 2009; 87:2469-74. [PMID: 19359506 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2008-1601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pig scrotal/inguinal and umbilical hernias are the most prevalent congenital disorders in pigs and often cause animal welfare problems and economic loss. To identify susceptibility loci for these traits, a genome-wide scan with 194 microsatellite markers covering the pig genome was performed in a White Duroc x Erhualian resource population with 23 scrotal/inguinal F(2) animals, 50 umbilical F(2) animals, and their unaffected siblings. A sex-average linkage map with a total length of 2,350.3 cM and an average marker interval of 12.84 cM was constructed. Both nonparametric genome-wide linkage (NPL) analysis and transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) were implemented to detect closely linked markers. The NPL analysis revealed 11 chromosomal regions on SSC1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 10, and 11 for umbilical hernia and 5 regions on SSC2, 4, 8, 13, and 16 for scrotal/inguinal hernia, whereas the TDT test identified susceptibility loci for umbilical hernia on SSC1, 2, 4, 7, 10, 13, 14, and 15 and for scrotal/inguinal hernias on SSC2, 8, 10, and 18. The most promising loci were SWR1928 on SSC7 and SW830 on SSC10 for umbilical hernia, and SW933 on SSC8 for scrotal hernia, which were consistently detected by both NPL and TDT. Several previously reported chromosomal regions for scrotal/inguinal hernia were confirmed, and new evidence for linkage with this pig defect was found. Moreover, susceptibility loci for pig umbilical hernia were detected for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- N S Ding
- Key Laboratory for Animal Biotechnology of Jiangxi Province and the Ministry of Agriculture of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, PR China
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Abstract
1. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of magnesium (Mg) on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in the thigh muscles of broiler chickens. A total of 96 1-d-old male Arbor Acre broiler chickens were randomly allocated into two groups, fed either on low-Mg or control diets containing about 1.2 g/kg or 2.4 g Mg/kg dry matter. 2. The low-Mg diet significantly increased malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration and decreased glutathione (GSH) in the thigh muscles of broiler chickens. ROS production in the thigh muscle homogenate was significantly higher in the low-Mg group than in the control group. Compared with the control, muscle Mg concentration of broiler chickens from the low-Mg group decreased by 9.5%. 3. Complex II and III activities of the mitochondrial electron transport chain in broilers on low-Mg diet increased by 23 and 35%, respectively. Significant negative correlations between ROS production and the activities of mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) complexes were observed. 4. The low-Mg diet did not influence contents of iron (Fe) or calcium (Ca) in the thigh muscles of broiler chickens and did not influence unsaturated fatty acid composition (except C18:2) in the thigh muscles. 5. A low-Mg diet decreased Mg concentration in the thigh muscles of broiler chickens and then induced higher activities of mitochondrial ETC, consequently increasing ROS production. These results suggest that Mg modulates the oxidation-anti-oxidation system of the thigh muscles at least partly through affecting ROS production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y X Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Abstract
1. The anti-inflammatory effects of dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on broilers repeatedly challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were investigated. 2. Day-old broiler chicks were allotted into three treatment groups and fed on a control diet or diets containing 5.0 or 10.0 g CLA/kg diet. Six chicks from each treatment were injected with LPS (0.25 mg/kg body weight) at 16, 18 and 20 d of age. Splenic cyclooxygenase (COX) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activities, and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) and nitric oxide (NO) production as well as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma) mRNA expression were measured at 21 d of age. 3. Chicks fed 10.0 g CLA/kg diet had lower COX activities and PGE(2) production that the controls. Dietary CLA (10.0 g/kg) did not significantly diminish LPS-induced enhancement of COS-2 activity, inhibited the subsequent increase in PGE(2) production. 4. Regulation of COX-1 activity contributed to the difference in PGE(2) production. 5. CLA did not markedly attenuate the increase of iNOS activity and NO production caused by LPS challenge. Chicks fed CLA had lower iNOS activity and NO production than the controls. 6. Dietary CLA activated splenic PPAR-gamma mRNA expression and increased PPAR-gamma mRNA expression after LPS injection. 7. These results suggest that dietary CLA has immunomodulatory effects in the spleen by restricting basal PGE(2) and NO to lower levels and enhancing PPAR-gamma mRNA expression. During the inflammatory response, dietary CLA did not alleviate the increase in COX-2 and iNOS activities but enhanced PPAT-gamma mRNA expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Zhang
- Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100094, P. R. China.
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Geng AL, Guo YM. Effects of dietary coenzyme Q10supplementation on hepatic mitochondrial function and the activities of respiratory chain-related enzymes in ascitic broiler chickens. Br Poult Sci 2006; 46:626-34. [PMID: 16359119 DOI: 10.1080/00071660500273292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
1. One hundred and sixty 1-d-old Arbor Acre male broiler chicks were fed with maize-soybean based diets for 6 weeks in a 2 x 2 factorial experiment. The factors were CoQ10 supplementation (0 or 40 mg/kg) and Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge (LPS or saline). 2. CoQ10 was supplemented from d 1. From d 18, the chickens received three weekly i.p. injections of LPS (1.0 mg/kg BW) or an equivalent amount of sterile saline as control. From d 10 on, all chickens were exposed to low ambient temperature (12 to 15 degrees C) to induce ascites. 3. The blood packed cell volume and ascites heart index of broiler chickens were reduced by dietary CoQ10 supplementation. Mitochondrial State 3 and State 4 respiration, respiratory control ratio and phosphate oxygen ratio were not changed, but H+/site stoichiometry of complex II + III was elevated by dietary CoQ10 supplementation. 4. Cytochrome c oxidase and H+-ATPase activity were increased by CoQ10 supplementation, whereas NADH cytochrome c reductase and succinate cytochrome c reductase were not influenced. Mitochondrial anti-ROS capability was increased and malondialdehyde content was decreased by CoQ10 supplementation. 5. The work suggested that dietary CoQ10 supplementation could reduce broiler chickens' susceptibility to ascites, which might be the result of improving hepatic mitochondrial function, some respiratory chain-related enzymes activities and mitochondrial antioxidative capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Geng
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing
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Guo YM, Yu KF, Liu YH, Zhao JZ, Wang ZC, Zhang HB. [Analysis on processing mechanism of calamine]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2005; 30:596-9. [PMID: 16011284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study processing method and mechanism of Calamine. METHOD Thermogravimetry analysis method and nano-technology were adopted to analyze and synthesize the components in Calamine, Tetracycline was took as the comparison drug to determine the antibacterial activity of Calamine and its components. RESULT A part of zinc carbonate in Calamine was decomposed into zinc oxide when processing, and the particle size was smaller than before. The antibacterial activity of Calamine is decided by the content and particle size of zinc oxide, and has nothing with zinc carbonate. The more content and the smaller particle size of zinc oxide, the more powerful antibacterial activity of Calamine. CONCLUSION The content and the particle size of zinc oxide can be the important targets in the processing of Calamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ming Guo
- Peoples Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun 130012, China
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Abstract
Effects of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) supplementation on growth performance and ascites were studied in broilers. One hundred eighty 1-d-old Arbor Acre male broiler chicks were randomly allocated into 3 groups with 6 replicates each. From d 8, the diets were supplemented with CoQ10 at levels of 0, 20, and 40 mg/kg, respectively. From d 15 to 21, all the chicks were exposed to low ambient temperature (15 to 18 degrees C) to induce ascites. Average feed intake, BW gain, and feed conversion ratio of the broilers during 0 to 3 wk, 3 to 6 wk, and 0 to 6 wk were measured. The results showed that there were no influences observed on broilers' growth performance, but the mortality due to ascites was reduced by CoQ10 supplementation (P < or = 0.05). Erythrocyte osmotic fragility (EOF) was significantly decreased by 40 mg/kg CoQ10 compared with the control, but no significant changes were observed on blood packed cell volume (PCV) among the treatments. Pulmonary arterial diastolic pressure was significantly decreased on d 36, but no significant changes were observed on right ventricular pressure (RVP), pulmonary arterial systolic pressure, and the maximum change ratio of right intraventricular pressure (+/- dp/ dtmax). Ascites heart index (AHI) was significantly decreased by 40 mg/kg CoQ10 supplementation (P < or = 0.05). The results of this study suggested that CoQ10 has a beneficial effect in reducing ascites mortality in broilers, and 40 mg/kg CoQ10 seems to be more effective than 20 mg/ kg CoQ10.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Geng
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, P. R. China
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