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Qian Z, Jiang C, Liu C, Liu X, Zhang X, Leng Y, Li K, Chen Z. A dual-channel sensor array for discrimination of biothiols based on manganese dioxide nanosheets. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 190:294. [PMID: 37458860 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-05883-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
A dual-signal sensor array for highly sensitive identification of biothiols is reported based on different optical responses of MnO2/curcumin (CUR) system to different biothiols. The addition of MnO2 nanosheets (MnO2 NSs) quenches the fluorescence of CUR, and the color of the mixture changes from yellow to brown. In the presence of reductive biothiols, MnO2 NSs are etched and lose their fluorescence quenching ability, resulting in an increase in the fluorescence intensity of CUR at 540 nm and a decrease in the absorbance at 430 nm. The sensor array generates specific response modes based on the varying reduction abilities of different biothiols, which can be distinguished by linear discriminant analysis (LDA). The sensor array successfully distinguished five biothiols (glutathione (GSH), dithiothreitol (DTT), cysteine (Cys), mercaptoethanol (ME), and homocysteine (Hcy)) across a wide concentration range (1 μM-100 μM) and biothiol mixtures with varing molar ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenni Qian
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Chenyue Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Chang Liu
- College of Chemistry, University of California, CA, 94720, Berkeley, Berkeley, USA
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yumin Leng
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Anqing Normal University, Anqing, 246133, China.
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China.
| | - Zhengbo Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China.
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2
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Sodium Borohydride Treatment to Prepare Manganese Oxides with Oxygen Vacancy Defects for Efficient Oxygen Reduction. METALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/met12071059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Manganese oxides are often used as catalysts for oxygen reduction reactions due to their low price and high stability, and they have been extensively studied. However, the poor electrical conductivity and low intrinsic activity of manganese oxides restrict its application in oxygen reduction. In this paper, the manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieve is used as the research object, and the oxygen reduction performance of the material is adjusted by the surface reduction etching treatment of sodium borohydride. After being treated with 8 mmol/L sodium borohydride, the oxygen vacancy content of the manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieve was 26%. The manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieve showed the best performance, and its half-wave potential was 0.821 V. Tests show that the material has excellent electrical conductivity and high oxygen reduction kinetics. The generation of appropriate oxygen vacancies on the surface directly improves the chemical properties of the material surface, regulates the ratio of Mn3+/Mn4+ on the surface of the nanorod, and increases the oxygen reduction adsorption sites on the surface of the material. On the other hand, the electrical conductivity of the material is adjusted to increase the electron transfer rate during the oxygen reduction process, thereby enhancing the oxygen reduction activity.
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Wang Y, Liu Y, Ejaz A, Yan K. Temperature-controlled fabrication of hydrophillic manganese oxide microspheres as high-performance electrode materials for supercapacitors. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.05.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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4
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Wang R, Wang Z, Rao H, Xue X, Luo M, Xue Z, Lu X. A two fluorescent signal indicator-based ratio fluorometric alkaline phosphatase assay based on one signal precursor. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:4444-4447. [PMID: 33949465 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc00244a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two fluorescent signal indicators were simply converted from one organic precursor system by using the superior oxidation capability of manganese dioxide (MnO2) nanosheets for the first time, finally resulting in the successful fabrication of a ratio fluorometric bioassay of alkaline phosphatase (ALP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongji Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Zhihua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Honghong Rao
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou City University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Xin Xue
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Mingyue Luo
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Zhonghua Xue
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Xiaoquan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
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S Mofarah S, Schreck L, Cazorla C, Zheng X, Adabifiroozjaei E, Tsounis C, Scott J, Shahmiri R, Yao Y, Abbasi R, Wang Y, Arandiyan H, Sheppard L, Wong V, Doustkhah E, Koshy P, Sorrell CC. Highly catalytically active CeO 2-x-based heterojunction nanostructures with mixed micro/meso-porous architectures. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:6764-6771. [PMID: 33885478 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr08097g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The architectural design of nanocatalysts plays a critical role in the achievement of high densities of active sites but current technologies are hindered by process complexity and limited scaleability. The present work introduces a rapid, flexible, and template-free method to synthesize three-dimensional (3D), mesoporous, CeO2-x nanostructures comprised of extremely thin holey two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets of centimetre-scale. The process leverages the controlled conversion of stacked nanosheets of a newly developed Ce-based coordination polymer into a range of stable oxide morphologies controllably differentiated by the oxidation kinetics. The resultant polycrystalline, hybrid, 2D-3D CeO2-x exhibits high densities of defects and surface area as high as 251 m2 g-1, which yield an outstanding CO conversion performance (T90% = 148 °C) for all oxides. Modification by the creation of heterojunction nanostructures using transition metal oxides (TMOs) results in further improvements in performance (T90% = 88 °C), which are interpreted in terms of the active sites associated with the TMOs that are identified through structural analyses and density functional theory (DFT) simulations. This unparalleled catalytic performance for CO conversion is possible through the ultra-high surface areas, defect densities, and pore volumes. This technology offers the capacity to establish efficient pathways to engineer nanostructures of advanced functionalities for catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad S Mofarah
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
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Jiang M, Fan X, Wang Z, Yang Z, Huang C, Zhang W. Oriented-Redox Induced Uniform MnO 2 Coating on Ni 3S 2 Nanorod Arrays as a Stable Anode for Enhanced Performances of Lithium Ion Battery. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:13555-13562. [PMID: 33140641 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cost-effective transition metal chalcogenides have aroused wide consideration as alternative anode materials in lithium ion batteries (LIBs) on account of their elevated lithium activity and considerable theoretical capacity. However, the significant challenge caused by the large volume change and shuttle effect of polysulfides during Li ion insertion/extraction severely restricts their practical application. In this work, the uniform MnO2 coating layer with a tunable thickness on Ni3S2 nanorod arrays has been achieved through a mild oriented-redox reaction by taking advantage of the mixing valence of Ni in Ni3S2 [(Ni2+)2(Ni0)(S2-)2]. The core/shell structured nanorod arrays directly used as anode materials of LIBs demonstrate remarkably improved lithium storage performance including high rate capacity and long cycle life, which deliver a discharge capacity of 662 mA h g-1 for 150 cycles at 0.5 C, corresponding to an elevated capacity retention of 90.7%. The improved electrochemical performances can be assigned to the generation of stable solid electrolyte interface films and suppression of the shuttle behavior with the protection of the MnO2 coating layer on Ni3S2 nanorod arrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, P R China
| | - Xiaoming Fan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, P R China
| | - Zihan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, P R China
| | - Zeheng Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, P R China
| | - Cheng Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, P R China
| | - Weixin Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, P R China
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Liu S, Song X, Li J, Zhou J, Na W, Deng D. A dual-mode resonance Rayleigh scattering and colorimetric alkaline phosphatase assay based on in situ ascorbic acid-induced signal generation from manganese dioxide nanosheets. RSC Adv 2020; 10:31527-31534. [PMID: 35520678 PMCID: PMC9056416 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra05741j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Multimode sensing has attracted extensive attention because they provide more than one transduction channel, thus improving accuracy and sensitivity. Due to the structural diversity, MnO2 nanosheets and nanoneedles were successively obtained via one-step redox reaction and different self-assembly methods. MnO2 nanosheets possess outstanding optical properties including extremely strong resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) and absorbance signal, and were selected as a dual-mode sensing material. Inspired by the selectivity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) towards dephosphorylate ascorbic acid 2-phosphate (AAP) to generate ascorbic acid (AA), which has the ability to decompose MnO2 nanosheets along with optical signals and colour change, a dual-mode optical ALP sensing platform has been designed. Therefore, MnO2 nanosheets can serve as colorimetric probes by directly visualizing the colour variation with bare eyes. Moreover, the detection limit obtained by the RRS sensing mode can be as low as 0.17 mU L-1, which is far superior to that obtained by previously reported methods. The strategy not only has good feasibility and sensitivity, but also shows good prospects for a series of ALP-extended sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 211198 China
| | - Xiaoxiao Song
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 211198 China
| | - Jinping Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 211198 China
| | - Jiahong Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 211198 China
| | - Weidan Na
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 211198 China
| | - Dawei Deng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 211198 China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 211198 China
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Xu M, Ma R, Huang C, Shi G, Zhou T, Deng J. Competitive redox reaction of Au-NCs/MnO 2 nanocomposite: Toward colorimetric and fluorometric detection of acid phosphatase as an indicator of soil cadmium contamination. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1096:174-183. [PMID: 31883584 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.10.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, by rational regulating the competitive redox reaction of Au-NCs/MnO2 nanocomposite between the dye indigo carmine (IC) and the enzymatic product L-ascorbic acid (AA), we have established a colorimetric and fluorometric double-channel responsive assay for acid phosphatase (ACP), which could serve as an indicator of soil cadmium (Cd) contamination. Initially, the gold nanoclusters (Au-NCs) were added to the suspension of MnO2 nanosheets to form Au-NCs/MnO2 nanocomposite with enhanced oxidative degradation ability. When IC was subsequently added, the blue color of IC faded due to oxidative degradation, and the mixture showed the yellow color of Au-NCs/MnO2 nanocomposite. Meanwhile, based on the inner filter effect (IFE), the fluorescence of Au-NCs was suppressed by MnO2 nanosheets during this process. However, with the presence of AA, hydrolyzed from L-ascorbic-2-phosphate (AAP) by ACP, the MnO2 nanosheets in Au-NCs/MnO2 nanocomposite were reduced to Mn2+ immediately. As a consequence, IC remained its blue color, in the meantime, the fluorescence of Au-NCs recovered, which essentially constituted a new mechanism for ACP detection with colorimetric and fluorometric double-channel response. With the method we developed, soil ACP activity can either be directly visualized by bare eyes or detected reliably through double channels. Furthermore, the dynamic changes of ACP activity during soil Cd contamination could also be monitored; the sharp increase of ACP activity at an appropriate time point could serve as a unique alarm for cadmium (Cd) contamination in soil, which is of great importance for soil quality evaluation and ecological risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Xu
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Process and Eco-Restoration, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, China; Institute of Eco-Chongming, 3663 Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Ruixue Ma
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Process and Eco-Restoration, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, China; Institute of Eco-Chongming, 3663 Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Chunyu Huang
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Process and Eco-Restoration, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, China; Institute of Eco-Chongming, 3663 Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Guoyue Shi
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Tianshu Zhou
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Process and Eco-Restoration, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, China; Institute of Eco-Chongming, 3663 Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Jingjing Deng
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Process and Eco-Restoration, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, China; Institute of Eco-Chongming, 3663 Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China.
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9
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Network-like holey NiCo2O4 nanosheet arrays on Ni foam synthesized by electrodeposition for high-performance supercapacitors. J Solid State Electrochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-018-4149-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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10
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Jia H, Cai Y, Zheng X, Lin J, Liang H, Qi J, Cao J, Feng J, Fei W. Mesostructured Carbon Nanotube-on-MnO 2 Nanosheet Composite for High-Performance Supercapacitors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:38963-38969. [PMID: 30354046 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b14109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanomaterials have been widely used to enhance the performance of MnO2-based supercapacitors. However, it still remains a challenge to directly fabricate high combining strength, mesostructured and high-performance MnO2/carbon nanotube (CNT)-nanostructured composite electrodes with a little weight percentage of carbon materials. Here, we report a novel mesostructured composite of the CNT-on-MnO2 nanosheet with a high MnO2 percentage, which consists of vertically aligned MnO2 nanosheets with nanopores and in situ formed oriented CNTs on MnO2 nanosheets (tube-on-sheet). The optimized CNTs/MnO2 possesses favorable features, namely, vertically aligned nanosheets to shorted ion diffusion path, a hierarchical porous structure for increased specific surface areas and active sites, and in situ formed CNTs for enhanced conductivity and robust structural stability. It is found that the unique tube-on-sheet CNTs/MnO2 nanocomposites with the high MnO2 percentage (>90 wt %) exhibit a high specific capacity of 1131 F g-1 based on total electrodes and 1229 F g-1 based on MnO2 at a current density of 1 A g-1, high rate capability, and ultrastable cycling life (94.4%@10 000 cycles). This electrode design strategy in this paper demonstrates a new way for high-performance electrodes for supercapacitors with high active material percentage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henan Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining , Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150001 , China
| | - Yifei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining , Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150001 , China
| | - Xiaohang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining , Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150001 , China
| | - Jinghuang Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining , Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150001 , China
| | - Haoyan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining , Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150001 , China
| | - Junlei Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining , Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150001 , China
| | - Jian Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining , Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150001 , China
| | - Jicai Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining , Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150001 , China
| | - Weidong Fei
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining , Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150001 , China
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Cheng Y, Wei Z, Du Q, Liu F, Duan X, Wang Y, Jia D, Zhou Y, Li B. The shape effect of manganese(II,III) oxide nanoparticles on the performance of electrochemical capacitors. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.07.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Zhang G, Ren L, Hu D, Gu H, Zhang S. Sulfuric acid etching for fabrication of porous MnO2 for high-performance supercapacitor. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 518:84-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Mesoporous oxidic holey nanosheets from Zn-Cr LDH synthesized by soft chemical etching of Cr3+ and its application as CO2 hydrogenation catalyst. J CO2 UTIL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2017.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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14
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Hansen M, Rusyn EV, Hughes PE, Ginsberg MH, Cox AD, Willumsen BM. R-Ras C-terminal sequences are sufficient to confer R-Ras specificity to H-Ras. Oncogene 2002; 21:4448-61. [PMID: 12080475 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1205538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2001] [Revised: 03/18/2002] [Accepted: 03/27/2002] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Activated versions of the similar GTPases, H-Ras and R-Ras, have differing effects on biological phenotypes: Activated H-Ras strongly transforms many fibroblast cell lines causing dramatic changes in cell shape and cytoskeletal organization. In contrast, R-Ras transforms fewer cell lines and the transformed cells display only some of the morphological changes associated with H-Ras transformation. H-Ras cells can survive in the absence of serum whereas R-Ras cells seem to die by an apoptotic-like mechanism in response to removal of serum. H-Ras can suppress integrin activation and R-Ras specifically antagonizes this effect. To map sequences responsible for these differences we have generated and investigated a panel of H-Ras and R-Ras chimeras. We found that the C-terminal 53 amino acids of R-Ras were necessary and sufficient to specify the contrasting biological properties of R-Ras with respect to focus morphology, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and reversal of H-Ras-induced integrin suppression. Surprisingly, we found chimeras in which the focus formation and integrin-mediated phenotypes were separated, suggesting that different effectors could be involved in mediating these responses. An integrin profile of H-Ras and R-Ras cell pools showed no significant differences; both activated H-Ras and R-Ras expressing cells were found to have reduced beta(1) activity, suggesting that the activity state of the beta(1) subunit is not sufficient to direct an H-Ras transformed cell morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malene Hansen
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 2A, Denmark
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