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Liao X, Minamitani E, Xie T, Yang L, Zhang W, Klyatskaya S, Ruben M, Fu YS. Altering Spin Distribution of Tb 2Pc 3 via Molecular Chirality Manipulation. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:5901-5907. [PMID: 38408315 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Manipulating the chirality of the spin-polarized electronic state is pivotal for understanding many unusual quantum spin phenomena, but it has not been achieved at the single-molecule level. Here, using scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy (STM/STS), we successfully manipulate the chirality of spin distribution in a triple-decker single-molecule magnet tris(phthalocyaninato)bis(terbium(III)) (Tb2Pc3), which is evaporated on a Pb(111) substrate via molecular beam epitaxy. The otherwise achiral Tb2Pc3 becomes chiral after being embedded into the self-assembled monolayer films of bis(phthalocyaninato)terbium(III) (TbPc2). The chirality of the spin distribution in Tb2Pc3 is manifested via the spatial mapping of its Kondo resonance state from its ligand orbital. Our first-principles calculations revealed that the spin and molecular chirality are associated with a small rotation followed by a structural distortion of the top Pc, consistent with the experimental observation. By constructing tailored molecular clusters with the STM tip, a single Tb2Pc3 molecule can be manipulated among achiral and differently handed chiral configurations of spin distributions reversibly. This paves the way for designing chiral spin enantiomers for fundamental studies and developing functional spintronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liao
- School of Physics and Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology, Wuhan 430206, China
| | - Emi Minamitani
- SANKEN, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Tao Xie
- School of Physics and Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology, Wuhan 430206, China
| | - Lianzhi Yang
- School of Physics and Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology, Wuhan 430206, China
| | - Wenhao Zhang
- School of Physics and Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology, Wuhan 430206, China
| | - Svetlana Klyatskaya
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344, Germany
| | - Mario Ruben
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344, Germany
- Institute for Quantum Materials and Technologies, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344, Germany
- Centre Européen de Sciences Quantiques, Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires, 8 Allée Gaspard Monge, BP 70028, 67083 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Ying-Shuang Fu
- School of Physics and Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology, Wuhan 430206, China
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2
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Lawes P, Boero M, Barhoumi R, Klyatskaya S, Ruben M, Bucher JP. Hierarchical Self-Assembly and Conformation of Tb Double-Decker Molecular Magnets: Experiment and Molecular Dynamics. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2232. [PMID: 37570550 PMCID: PMC10421050 DOI: 10.3390/nano13152232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructures, fabricated by locating molecular building blocks in well-defined positions, for example, on a lattice, are ideal platforms for studying atomic-scale quantum effects. In this context, STM data obtained from self-assembled Bis(phthalocyaninato) Terbium (III) (TbPc2) single-molecule magnets on various substrates have raised questions about the conformation of the TbPc2 molecules within the lattice. In order to address this issue, molecular dynamics simulations were carried out on a 2D assembly of TbPc2 molecules. The calculations are in excellent agreement with the experiment, and thus improve our understanding of the self-assembly process. In particular, the calculated electron density of the molecular assembly compares well with STM contrast of self-assembled TbPc2 on Au(111), simultaneously providing the conformation of the two Pc ligands of the individual double-decker molecule. This approach proves valuable in the identification of the STM contrast of LnPc2 layers and could be used in similar cases where it is difficult to interpret the STM images of an assembly of molecular complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Lawes
- Institut de Physique et de Chimie de Matériaux (IPCMS), Université de Strasbourg, UMR 7504, F-67034 Strasbourg, France; (P.L.); (M.B.); (R.B.)
- Institute of Nanotechnology and Institute of Quantum Materials and Technology (IQMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (S.K.); (M.R.)
| | - Mauro Boero
- Institut de Physique et de Chimie de Matériaux (IPCMS), Université de Strasbourg, UMR 7504, F-67034 Strasbourg, France; (P.L.); (M.B.); (R.B.)
| | - Rabei Barhoumi
- Institut de Physique et de Chimie de Matériaux (IPCMS), Université de Strasbourg, UMR 7504, F-67034 Strasbourg, France; (P.L.); (M.B.); (R.B.)
- Institute of Nanotechnology and Institute of Quantum Materials and Technology (IQMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (S.K.); (M.R.)
| | - Svetlana Klyatskaya
- Institute of Nanotechnology and Institute of Quantum Materials and Technology (IQMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (S.K.); (M.R.)
| | - Mario Ruben
- Institute of Nanotechnology and Institute of Quantum Materials and Technology (IQMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (S.K.); (M.R.)
- Centre Européen de Science Quantique (CESQ), Institut de Science et d’Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS), Université de Strasbourg, F-67083 Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Bucher
- Institut de Physique et de Chimie de Matériaux (IPCMS), Université de Strasbourg, UMR 7504, F-67034 Strasbourg, France; (P.L.); (M.B.); (R.B.)
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3
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Kawaguchi R, Hashimoto K, Kakudate T, Katoh K, Yamashita M, Komeda T. Spatially Resolving Electron Spin Resonance of π-Radical in Single-molecule Magnet. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:213-219. [PMID: 36585948 PMCID: PMC9838557 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c04049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The spintronic properties of magnetic molecules have attracted significant scientific attention. Special emphasis has been placed on the qubit for quantum information processing. The single-molecule magnet bis(phthalocyaninato (Pc)) Tb(III) (TbPc2) is one of the best examined cases in which the delocalized π-radical electron spin of the Pc ligand plays the key role in reading and intermediating the localized Tb spin qubits. We utilized the electron spin resonance (ESR) technique implemented on a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) and use it to measure local the ESR of a single TbPc2 molecule decoupled from the Cu(100) substrate by a two-monolayer NaCl film to identify the π-radical spin. We detected the ESR signal at the ligand positions under the resonance condition expected for an S = 1/2 spin. The results reveal that the π-radical electron is delocalized within the ligands and exhibits intramolecular coupling susceptible to the chemical environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Kawaguchi
- Institute
of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM, Tagen), Tohoku University, Sendai980-0877, Japan
| | - Katsushi Hashimoto
- Department
of Physics, Graduate School of Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai980-8578, Japan
- Center
for Science and Innovation in Spintronics (Core Research Cluster), Tohoku University, Sendai980-8577, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Kakudate
- Department
of Industrial Systems Engineering, National
Institute of Technology (KOSEN), Hachinohe
College, 16-1 Uwanotai, Tamonoki, Hachinohe039-1192, Japan
| | - Keiichi Katoh
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Josai University, Sakado, Saitama350-0295, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yamashita
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai980-8578, Japan
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai
University, Tianjin300350, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tadahiro Komeda
- Institute
of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM, Tagen), Tohoku University, Sendai980-0877, Japan
- Center
for Science and Innovation in Spintronics (Core Research Cluster), Tohoku University, Sendai980-8577, Japan
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4
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Magnetic molecules as local sensors of topological hysteresis of superconductors. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3838. [PMID: 35788608 PMCID: PMC9253336 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31320-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Superconductors and magnetic materials, including molecules, are key ingredients for quantum computing and spintronics. However, only a little is known about how these materials interact in multilayer nanostructures like the hybrid architectures nowadays under development for such advanced applications. Here, we show that a single layer of magnetic molecules, Terbium(III) bis-phthalocyaninato (TbPc2) complexes, deposited under controlled UHV conditions on a superconducting Pb(111) surface is sensitive to the topology of the intermediate state of the superconductor, namely to the presence and evolution of superconducting and normal domains due to screening and penetration of an external magnetic field. The topological hysteresis of the superconducting substrate imprints a local evolution of the magnetisation of the TbPc2 molecules in the monolayer. Element and surface selective detection is achieved by recording the X-ray magnetic circular dichroism of the Tb atoms. This study reveals the impressive potential of magnetic molecules for sensing local magnetic field variations in molecular/superconductor hybrid devices, including spin resonators or spin injecting and spin filtering components for spintronics applications.
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Shahed SM, Ara F, Hossain MI, Katoh K, Yamashita M, Komeda T. Observation of Yu-Shiba-Rusinov States and Inelastic Tunneling Spectroscopy for Intramolecule Magnetic Exchange Interaction Energy of Terbium Phthalocyanine (TbPc) Species Adsorbed on Superconductor NbSe 2. ACS NANO 2022; 16:7651-7661. [PMID: 35467334 PMCID: PMC9134493 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c11221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the spin properties of the terbium phthalocyanine (TbPc) species adsorbed on the superconductor NbSe2 surface using scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy. TbPc2 is a molecule in a class of single-molecule magnets (SMMs), and the use of superconductor electrodes attracts attention for the application to the devices using the spin degree of freedom. TbPc is a building block of TbPc2 and can reveal the spin component's behavior. In the experiment, TbPc species were placed on the surface of the superconductor NbSe2. We measured Yu-Shiba-Rusinov (YSR) states caused by the interaction between the superconducting state and magnetic impurity and inelastic tunneling spectroscopy (IETS) for the spin excitation, below 1 K. We also measured the Kondo state formed by the magnetic singlet formation. We detected the radical spin at the ligand position of the TbPc by the presence of the Kondo peak and demonstrated that the radical spin forms the YSR feature. In addition, the exchange interaction energy (Eex) between the spins of the radical ligand (Pc) and the center 4f metal atom (Tb3+) is determined by using the IETS technique. Eex is a critical parameter that determines the blocking temperature, below which the sample behaves as an SMM. IETS results show that the statistical distribution of Eex has peaked at 1.3, 1.6, and 1.9 meV. The energy range is comparable to the recent theoretical calculation result. In addition, we show that the energy variation is correlated with the bonding configuration of TbPc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Mohammad
Fakruddin Shahed
- Institute
of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM, Tagen), Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 9800877, Japan
| | - Ferdous Ara
- Institute
of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM, Tagen), Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 9800877, Japan
| | - Mohammad Ikram Hossain
- Institute
of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM, Tagen), Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 9800877, Japan
| | - Keiichi Katoh
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama 350-0295, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yamashita
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai
University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Tadahiro Komeda
- Institute
of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM, Tagen), Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 9800877, Japan
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Martynov AG, Horii Y, Katoh K, Bian Y, Jiang J, Yamashita M, Gorbunova YG. Rare-earth based tetrapyrrolic sandwiches: chemistry, materials and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:9262-9339. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00559j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This review summarises advances in chemistry of tetrapyrrole sandwiches with rare earth elements and highlights the current state of their use in single-molecule magnetism, organic field-effect transistors, conducting materials and nonlinear optics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander G. Martynov
- A.N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071, Leninskiy pr., 31, bldg.4, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yoji Horii
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Nara Women's University, Nara 630-8506, Japan
| | - Keiichi Katoh
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama 350-0295, Japan
| | - Yongzhong Bian
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
- Daxing Research Institute, and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Jianzhuang Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
- Daxing Research Institute, and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Masahiro Yamashita
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Yulia G. Gorbunova
- A.N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071, Leninskiy pr., 31, bldg.4, Moscow, Russia
- N.S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991, Leninskiy pr., 31, Moscow, Russia
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Yamashita M. Next Generation Multifunctional Nano-Science of Advanced Metal Complexes with Quantum Effect and Nonlinearity. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20200257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Yamashita
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
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8
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Dailey M, Besson C. Selective crystallization of four bis(phthalocyaninato)lanthanoid( iii) polymorphs. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ce00936b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Four polymorphs of the bis-phthalocyanine lanthanoid(iii) double-decker complexes are crystallized by solution evaporation methods, and their structures determined by single-crystal X-ray crystallography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maegan Dailey
- Department of Chemistry, The George Washington University, 800 22nd Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - Claire Besson
- Department of Chemistry, The George Washington University, 800 22nd Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
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Tada K, Hayashi A, Maruyama T, Koga H, Yamanaka S, Okumura M, Tanaka S. Effect of surface interactions on spin contamination errors of homogeneous spin dimers, chains, and films: model calculations of Au/MgO and Au/BaO systems. Mol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2020.1791989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Tada
- Research Institute of Electrochemical Energy, Department of Energy and Environment, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Ikeda, Japan
| | - Akihide Hayashi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Maruyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Koga
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Japan
- Research Organization for Information Science and Technology (RIST), Tokyo, Japan
- Element Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries (ESICB), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shusuke Yamanaka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Japan
| | - Mitsutaka Okumura
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Japan
- Element Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries (ESICB), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shingo Tanaka
- Research Institute of Electrochemical Energy, Department of Energy and Environment, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Ikeda, Japan
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Wang Y, Hou J, Eguchi K, Nanjo C, Takaoka T, Sainoo Y, Awaga K, Komeda T. Structural, Electronic, and Magnetic Properties of Cobalt Tetrakis (Thiadiazole) Porphyrazine Molecule Films on Au(111). ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:6676-6683. [PMID: 32258903 PMCID: PMC7114880 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b04453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the structural and electronic/spin configurations of a film of the Co tetrakis(1,2,5-thiadiazole) porphyrazine (CoTTDPz) molecule adsorbed on the Au(111) surface by a scanning tunneling microscope (STM). CoTTDPz has a structure similar to that of the Co phthalocyanine molecule, but the benzene ring of the isoindole of the phthalocyanine molecule is replaced by the pentagon moiety of 1,2,5-thiadiazoles that has an S atom at the apex. We find an ordered molecular lattice with a threefold symmetry where a nearest-neighbor distance of 1.30 nm was measured, which is significantly smaller than that observed for the metal Pc molecule. The unit cell of the lattice contains two molecules that are rotated by 60° relative to each other. With the configuration achieved by this rotation, the neighboring molecules can form a stronger interaction through bonding between the S atom at the apex of one molecule and the N atom of the other (the N atom that is bridging the thiadiazoles). The strong interaction between the molecule and the substrate appears in the spin state examined by the detection of the Kondo resonance, which is formed by the screening of an isolated spin by the conduction electron. Even though the existence of the spin was confirmed for the bulk and thick films of this molecule, no Kondo features are detected for the molecules in the first, second, and third layers of the films. However, the isolated molecule in the third layer showed an intriguing combination of the Kondo feature and an inelastic excitation feature caused by a spin-flip process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
- Institute
of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM, Tagen), Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 980-0877, Japan
| | - Jie Hou
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
- Institute
of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM, Tagen), Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 980-0877, Japan
| | - Keitaro Eguchi
- Department
of Chemistry & Research Center for Materials Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Chihiro Nanjo
- Department
of Chemistry & Research Center for Materials Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Takaoka
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
- Institute
of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM, Tagen), Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 980-0877, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Sainoo
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
- Institute
of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM, Tagen), Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 980-0877, Japan
| | - Kunio Awaga
- Department
of Chemistry & Research Center for Materials Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Tadahiro Komeda
- Institute
of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM, Tagen), Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 980-0877, Japan
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Barhoumi R, Amokrane A, Klyatskaya S, Boero M, Ruben M, Bucher JP. Screening the 4f-electron spin of TbPc 2 single-molecule magnets on metal substrates by ligand channeling. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:21167-21179. [PMID: 31663092 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr05873g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Bis(phthalocyaninato)lanthanide (LnPc2) double-decker-based devices have recently attracted a great deal of interest for data encoding purposes. Although the 4f-electrons of lanthanide ions play a key role in the experimental methodology, their localized character, deeper in energy compared to the 3d electrons of transition metals, hampers a detailed investigation. Here, our approach consists of the follow-up of the entanglement process with other molecules and with the substrate electrons by means of space-resolved detection of the Kondo resonance by scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS), using different substrates (from weak to strong interaction). It is found that TbPc2 molecules firstly interact with their environment by means of the π-radicals of the ligand. The radical spin of TbPc2 can be identified by STS on a weakly interacting substrate such as Au(111). In the case of a Ag(111) substrate, we are able to analyze the effect of an electron transfer on the molecule (pairing-up of the radical spin) and the subsequent quenching of the Kondo resonance. Finally, on a strongly interacting substrate such as Cu(111), a significant rearrangement of electrons takes place and the Kondo screening of the 4f electrons of the Tb ion of TbPc2 is observed. By comparative STS measurements on YPc2, that has empty 4d and 4f shells, we prove that the Kondo resonance measured in the center of the TbPc2 molecule indeed stems from the 4f-electrons. At the same time, we provide evidence for the hybridization of the 4f states with the π electron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabei Barhoumi
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPCMS UMR 7504, F-67034 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Anis Amokrane
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPCMS UMR 7504, F-67034 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Svetlana Klyatskaya
- Karlsruher Institut für Technologie, Institut für Nanotechnologie, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Mauro Boero
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPCMS UMR 7504, F-67034 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Mario Ruben
- Karlsruher Institut für Technologie, Institut für Nanotechnologie, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Jean-Pierre Bucher
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPCMS UMR 7504, F-67034 Strasbourg, France.
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12
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Studniarek M, Wäckerlin C, Singha A, Baltic R, Diller K, Donati F, Rusponi S, Brune H, Lan Y, Klyatskaya S, Ruben M, Seitsonen AP, Dreiser J. Understanding the Superior Stability of Single-Molecule Magnets on an Oxide Film. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2019; 6:1901736. [PMID: 31763154 PMCID: PMC6864999 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201901736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The stability of magnetic information stored in surface adsorbed single-molecule magnets is of critical interest for applications in nanoscale data storage or quantum computing. The present study combines X-ray magnetic circular dichroism, density functional theory and magnetization dynamics calculations to gain deep insight into the substrate dependent relevant magnetization relaxation mechanisms. X-ray magnetic circular dichroism reveals the opening of a butterfly-shaped magnetic hysteresis of DyPc2 molecules on magnesium oxide and a closed loop on the bare silver substrate, while density functional theory shows that the molecules are only weakly adsorbed in both cases of magnesium oxide and silver. The enhanced magnetic stability of DyPc2 on the oxide film, in conjunction with previous experiments on the TbPc2 analogue, points to a general validity of the magnesium oxide induced stabilization effect. Magnetization dynamics calculations reveal that the enhanced magnetic stability of DyPc2 and TbPc2 on the oxide film is due to the suppression of two-phonon Raman relaxation processes. The results suggest that substrates with low phonon density of states are beneficial for the design of spintronics devices based on single-molecule magnets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Studniarek
- Swiss Light SourcePaul Scherrer Institut (PSI)CH‐5232VilligenSwitzerland
| | - Christian Wäckerlin
- Institute of Physics (IPHYS)École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)Station 3CH‐1015LausanneSwitzerland
- Institute of PhysicsThe Czech Academy of SciencesCukrovarnická 10CZ‐162 00Prague 6Czech Republic
| | - Aparajita Singha
- Institute of Physics (IPHYS)École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)Station 3CH‐1015LausanneSwitzerland
- Center for Quantum NanoscienceInstitute for Basic Science (IBS)03760SeoulRepublic of Korea
- Department of PhysicsEwha Womans University03760SeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Romana Baltic
- Institute of Physics (IPHYS)École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)Station 3CH‐1015LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Katharina Diller
- Institute of Physics (IPHYS)École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)Station 3CH‐1015LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Fabio Donati
- Institute of Physics (IPHYS)École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)Station 3CH‐1015LausanneSwitzerland
- Center for Quantum NanoscienceInstitute for Basic Science (IBS)03760SeoulRepublic of Korea
- Department of PhysicsEwha Womans University03760SeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Stefano Rusponi
- Institute of Physics (IPHYS)École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)Station 3CH‐1015LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Harald Brune
- Institute of Physics (IPHYS)École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)Station 3CH‐1015LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Yanhua Lan
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Hermann‐von‐Helmholtz‐Platz 1D‐76344Eggenstein‐LeopoldshafenGermany
| | - Svetlana Klyatskaya
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Hermann‐von‐Helmholtz‐Platz 1D‐76344Eggenstein‐LeopoldshafenGermany
| | - Mario Ruben
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Hermann‐von‐Helmholtz‐Platz 1D‐76344Eggenstein‐LeopoldshafenGermany
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS)Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)Université de Strasbourg23 rue du Loess, BP 43F‐67034Strasbourg Cedex 2France
| | - Ari Paavo Seitsonen
- Département de ChimieÉcole Normale SupérieureF‐75005ParisFrance
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)Paris Sciences et LettresSorbonne UniversitéF‐75005ParisFrance
| | - Jan Dreiser
- Swiss Light SourcePaul Scherrer Institut (PSI)CH‐5232VilligenSwitzerland
- Institute of Physics (IPHYS)École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)Station 3CH‐1015LausanneSwitzerland
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13
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Hellerstedt J, Cahlík A, Švec M, de la Torre B, Moro-Lagares M, Chutora T, Papoušková B, Zoppellaro G, Mutombo P, Ruben M, Zbořil R, Jelinek P. On-surface structural and electronic properties of spontaneously formed Tb 2Pc 3 single molecule magnets. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:15553-15563. [PMID: 30087975 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr04215b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The single molecule magnet (SMM) bis(phthalocyaninato)terbium(iii) (TbPc2) has received significant and increasing attention as an exemplar system for realizing molecule-based spin electronics. Attaining higher nuclearity via multi-decker TbPc systems has remained an outstanding challenge, as known examples of Tb2Pc3 systems are only those containing Pc rings with substituents (e.g. alkyl, alkoxyl). Here we report on the spontaneous formation of Tb2Pc3 species from TbPc2 precursors via sublimation in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) onto an Ag(111) surface. The presence of Tb2Pc3 molecules on the surface are inspected using scanning probe microscopy with submolecular resolution supported by density functional theory (DFT) calculations and additional chemical analysis. We observe the selective presence of a Kondo resonance (30 K) in the Tb2Pc3 species, that we attribute to differences in the orientation of the internal molecular ligands. Formation of triple-decker complexes offers new possibilities to study and control magnetic interactions not accessible with standard TbPc2 molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Hellerstedt
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Cukrovarnická 10, 162 00 Praha 6, Czech Republic.
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14
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Amokrane A, Klyatskaya S, Boero M, Ruben M, Bucher JP. Role of π-Radicals in the Spin Connectivity of Clusters and Networks of Tb Double-Decker Single Molecule Magnets. ACS NANO 2017; 11:10750-10760. [PMID: 28967736 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b05804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
When single molecule magnets (SMMs) self-assemble into 2D networks on a surface, they interact via the π-electrons of their ligands. This interaction is relevant to the quantum entanglement between molecular qubits, a key issue in quantum computing. Here, we examine the role played by the unpaired radical electron in the top ligand of Tb double-decker SMMs by comparing the spectroscopic features of isolated and 2D assembled entities on surfaces. High-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) is used to evidence experimentally the Kondo resonance of the unpaired radical spins in clusters and islands and its quenching due to up-pairing at orbital overlaps. The presence or the absence of the Kondo feature in the dI/dV maps turns out to be a good measure of the lateral interaction between molecules in 2D networks. In a 2D cluster of molecules, the π-orbital lobes that are linked through the orbital overlap show paired-up electron wave function (one singly occupied molecular orbital (SOMO) with spin-up and the other with spin-down) and therefore do not experience the Kondo resonance in the experiment. As a result, small clusters built by STM-assisted manipulation of molecules show alternating Kondo features of quantum mechanical origin, from the monomer to the dimer and the trimer. On the other hand, when the TbPc2 molecular clusters grow larger and form extended domains, a geometric rearrangement occurs, leading to the quenching of the Kondo signal on one lobe out of two. The even distribution of overlapping (SOMO) lobes on the perimeter of the molecule is induced by the square symmetry of the semi-infinite lattice and clearly distinguishes the lattice from the clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anis Amokrane
- Université de Strasbourg , CNRS, IPCMS UMR 7504, F-67034 Strasbourg, France
| | - Svetlana Klyatskaya
- Karlsruher Institut für Technologie , Institut für Nanotechnologie, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Mauro Boero
- Université de Strasbourg , CNRS, IPCMS UMR 7504, F-67034 Strasbourg, France
| | - Mario Ruben
- Karlsruher Institut für Technologie , Institut für Nanotechnologie, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Jean-Pierre Bucher
- Université de Strasbourg , CNRS, IPCMS UMR 7504, F-67034 Strasbourg, France
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