1
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Franke M, Ens T, Mix A, Neumann B, Stammler HG, Mitzel NW. Host-guest chemistry of tridentate Lewis acids based on tribenzotriquinacene. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:11970-11980. [PMID: 38961795 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt01558d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Flexible poly-Lewis acids (PLA) based on the tribenzotriquinacene (TBTQ) scaffold have been synthesised. Hydrosilylation of 4b,8b,12b-triallyltribenzotriquinacene and subsequent exchange of the chlorine substituents with weaker coordinating triflate groups afforded a novel triple silyl-functionalised PLA. By regioselective hydroboration of triallyl-TBTQ with various organoboranes, PLAs with different Lewis acidities were obtained. The synthesised PLAs were combined with neutral bases in host-guest experiments. DOSY NMR spectroscopy was performed to elucidate the complexation process in solution. These experiments revealed a highly dynamic interaction between the boron-functionalised PLA and triazine. However, the addition of one equivalent of tris(dimethylphosphino(methyl))phenylsilane led to the formation of a 1 : 1 adduct, which was confirmed by diffusion experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurice Franke
- Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Chemie, Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie (ACS), Centre for Molecular Materials (CM2), Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Tobin Ens
- Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Chemie, Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie (ACS), Centre for Molecular Materials (CM2), Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Andreas Mix
- Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Chemie, Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie (ACS), Centre for Molecular Materials (CM2), Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Beate Neumann
- Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Chemie, Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie (ACS), Centre for Molecular Materials (CM2), Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Hans-Georg Stammler
- Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Chemie, Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie (ACS), Centre for Molecular Materials (CM2), Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Norbert W Mitzel
- Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Chemie, Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie (ACS), Centre for Molecular Materials (CM2), Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
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2
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Franke M, Klingsiek MJ, Buth J, Mix A, Lamm JH, Neumann B, Stammler HG, Mitzel NW. Tridentate Lewis Acids Based on Tribenzotriquinacene Chalices. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401072. [PMID: 38742716 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Chalice-shaped tridentate poly-Lewis acids (PLA) based on the tribenzotriquinacene (TBTQ) scaffold have been synthesised. Stannylation of the alkyne units, attached via phenyl-spacers to the benzhydrylic positions to the TBTQ scaffold, with Me2NSnMe3 afforded the trimethyltin substituted TBTQ derivative. Replacement of these tin functions with other elements resulted in rigid boron- and aluminium-functionalised PLAs. More flexible PLAs were obtained by hydrometallation reactions of the terminal alkyne groups of 4b,8b,12b-tris((ethynyl)phenyl)tribenzotriquinacene. The resulting poly-Lewis acids were tested for their acceptor abilities in host-guest experiments with suitable bases. Preliminary tests with pyridine led to the synthesis of a large tridentate base with three pyridyl groups attached to a TBTQ backbone. Complexation of this Lewis base with the PLAs resulted in the formation of aggregates, which were studied in solution in more detail by 1H DOSY NMR experiments regarding their size. Further experiments were performed with the tridentate bases 1,4,7-trimethyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane and tris((dimethylphosphino)methyl)phenylsilane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurice Franke
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld
| | - Maximilian J Klingsiek
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld
| | - Julian Buth
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld
| | - Andreas Mix
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld
| | - Jan-Hendrik Lamm
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld
| | - Beate Neumann
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld
| | - Hans-Georg Stammler
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld
| | - Norbert W Mitzel
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld
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3
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Beckmann JL, Neumann B, Stammler HG, Mitzel NW. Selectivity in Adduct Formation of a Bidentate Boron Lewis Acid. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400081. [PMID: 38421238 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
A bidentate boron Lewis acid based on 1,8-diethynylanthracene has been studied in detail with respect to its adduct formation with diamines and diphosphanes of different linker lengths between the donor functions. A clear correlation between the linker length of the bifunctional base and the formation of 1 : 1 adducts, 1 : 2 adducts or oligomers was found. The adducts were characterized in solution by NMR titration experiments and structurally by X-ray diffraction. In addition, adduct formation and competition experiments of the host system with ZR3 (Z=N, P; R=H, Me) demonstrated the generally higher stability of alkylphosphane adducts compared to alkylamine adducts with boron functions. The results provide a general insight into the adduct formation of bidentate Lewis acids with guests of different sizes as well as the differences in stability between borane-amine and borane-phosphane adducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Louis Beckmann
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Center for Molecular Materials CM2 Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Beate Neumann
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Center for Molecular Materials CM2 Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Stammler
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Center for Molecular Materials CM2 Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Norbert W Mitzel
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Center for Molecular Materials CM2 Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
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4
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Franke M, Klingsiek MJ, Buth J, Lamm JH, Neumann B, Stammler HG, Mitzel NW. Hexadentate poly-Lewis acids based on the bowl-shaped tribenzotriquinacene. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:7751-7762. [PMID: 38445707 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00379a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Hexadentate poly-Lewis acids (PLA) based on the bowl-shaped tribenzotriquinacene (TBTQ) have been synthesised. The introduction of three n-propyl groups into the benzhydrylic positions of the TBTQ backbone has significantly increased the solubility of the subsequently derived compounds. Semi-flexible PLAs containing boron and aluminium were obtained by hydrometallation of the corresponding 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexaalkynyl-TBTQ. Other rigid hexadentate PLAs were synthesised by stannylation of the corresponding alkyne units with Me3SnNMe2 followed by tin-element exchange reactions. The Lewis acidity of these PLAs was investigated in host-guest experiments with pyridine. Further experiments with bidentate bases showed correlations between their flexibility, their Lewis basicity and the complexation behaviour towards the synthesised PLAs. Addition of bis((dimethylphosphino)methyl)dimethylsilane (BisPhos) to solutions of the rigid alkynyl PLAs led to the formation of 3 : 1 adducts. Single crystal X-ray diffraction was used to further elucidate the host-guest connectivtiy. In addition, a sixfold pnictogen-bonding donor was synthesised by tin-antimony exchange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurice Franke
- Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Chemie, Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie (ACS), Centre for Molecular Materials (CM2), Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Maximilian J Klingsiek
- Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Chemie, Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie (ACS), Centre for Molecular Materials (CM2), Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Julian Buth
- Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Chemie, Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie (ACS), Centre for Molecular Materials (CM2), Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Jan-Hendrik Lamm
- Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Chemie, Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie (ACS), Centre for Molecular Materials (CM2), Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Beate Neumann
- Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Chemie, Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie (ACS), Centre for Molecular Materials (CM2), Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Hans-Georg Stammler
- Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Chemie, Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie (ACS), Centre for Molecular Materials (CM2), Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Norbert W Mitzel
- Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Chemie, Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie (ACS), Centre for Molecular Materials (CM2), Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
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5
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Beckmann JL, Neumann B, Stammler HG, Lamm JH, Mitzel NW. Bidentate boron Lewis acids: synthesis by tin boron exchange reaction and host-guest complex formation. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:7958-7964. [PMID: 38647186 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00782d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Four bidentate boron Lewis acids based on the 1,8-diethynylanthracene backbone have been synthesized by a tin-boron exchange reaction with various chloroboranes, yielding the products in good to excellent yields. Complexation experiments of the host compounds with pyridine, pyrimidine and TMEDA demonstrated striking differences in terms of formation and solubility of the supramolecular adducts. The host-guest complexes were investigated by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction experiments, illustrating the adaptation of the host system upon adduct formation with different neutral guest molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Louis Beckmann
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Center for Molecular Materials CM2, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Beate Neumann
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Center for Molecular Materials CM2, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Hans-Georg Stammler
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Center for Molecular Materials CM2, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Jan-Hendrik Lamm
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Center for Molecular Materials CM2, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Norbert W Mitzel
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Center for Molecular Materials CM2, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
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6
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Aders N, Trapp PC, Lamm JH, Beckmann JL, Neumann B, Stammler HG, Mitzel NW. Hydroalumination of 1,8-Diethynylanthracenes–Al-based Bis-Lewis-Acids and their Isomerization and Complexation Behavior. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Aders
- Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Chemie, Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie (ACS), Center for Molecular Materials (CM2), Universitätsstraße 25, Bielefeld D-33615, Germany
| | - Pia Charlotte Trapp
- Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Chemie, Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie (ACS), Center for Molecular Materials (CM2), Universitätsstraße 25, Bielefeld D-33615, Germany
| | - Jan-Hendrik Lamm
- Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Chemie, Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie (ACS), Center for Molecular Materials (CM2), Universitätsstraße 25, Bielefeld D-33615, Germany
| | - J. Louis Beckmann
- Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Chemie, Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie (ACS), Center for Molecular Materials (CM2), Universitätsstraße 25, Bielefeld D-33615, Germany
| | - Beate Neumann
- Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Chemie, Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie (ACS), Center for Molecular Materials (CM2), Universitätsstraße 25, Bielefeld D-33615, Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Stammler
- Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Chemie, Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie (ACS), Center for Molecular Materials (CM2), Universitätsstraße 25, Bielefeld D-33615, Germany
| | - Norbert W. Mitzel
- Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Chemie, Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie (ACS), Center for Molecular Materials (CM2), Universitätsstraße 25, Bielefeld D-33615, Germany
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7
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Shimada J, Tani A, Hanazato C, Masuyama T, Yamamoto Y, Kawachi A. Synthesis of B/Si Bidentate Lewis Acids, o-(Fluorosilyl)borylbenzenes and o-(Difluorosilyl)borylbenzenes, and Their Fluoride Ion Affinities. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:30939-30953. [PMID: 36092602 PMCID: PMC9453949 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report detailed studies on a series of o-(silyl)(boryl)benzenes (1-4), in which the two Lewis acid centers consisting of silicon and boron atoms are linked via an o-phenylene skeleton. o-(Fluorosilyl)(dimesitylboryl)benzenes 1 and 2 were prepared by the reaction of fluorodimesitylborane with [o-(fluorodimethylsilyl)phenyl]lithium (7) and [o-(fluorodiphenylsilyl)phenyl]lithium (8), respectively. o-(Difluorosilyl)(dimesitylboryl)benzenes 3 and 4 were also prepared by the reaction of fluorodimesitylborane with o-{[di(methoxy)methylsilyl]phenyl}lithium (11) and o-{[di(methoxy)phenylsilyl]phenyl}lithium (12), respectively, and their subsequent treatment with HF·pyridine. Compounds 1-4 readily capture a fluoride ion in the presence of 18-crown-6 or [2.2.2]cryptand to afford their corresponding μ-fluoro-bridged ate complexes (15-18). The structures of 15-18 were revealed by NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. DFT studies and natural bond orbital analysis of 15-18 were conducted to elucidate the nature of the Si-F and B-F bonding interactions in the μ-fluoro-bridges. The fluoride ion affinities of 1-4 were investigated by 1H NMR spectroscopy to monitor their competitive reactions. The dynamic behaviors of 15-18 at variable temperatures were monitored using 19F NMR spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junpei Shimada
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Atsushi Tani
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Chihiro Hanazato
- Faculty
of Bioscience and Applied Chemistry, Hosei
University, 3-7-2 Kajino-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8584, Japan
| | - Takashi Masuyama
- Faculty
of Bioscience and Applied Chemistry, Hosei
University, 3-7-2 Kajino-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8584, Japan
| | - Yohsuke Yamamoto
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kawachi
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- Faculty
of Bioscience and Applied Chemistry, Hosei
University, 3-7-2 Kajino-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8584, Japan
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8
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Aders N, Lamm JH, Beckmann JL, Neumann B, Stammler HG, Mitzel NW. Synthesis of bi- and tetradentate poly-Lewis acids by hydroalumination of poly-alkynyl-anthracene derivatives. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:12943-12953. [PMID: 35950507 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02118h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Photo-dimers of 1,5-diethynylanthracene and 1,5-bis[(trimethylsilyl)ethynyl]anthracene, obtained by UV radiation of the monomers, were treated with the bulky aluminium hydride [(SiMe3)2HC]2AlH in hydroalumination reactions. Hydroalumination of the tetraethynyl-substituted anthracene photo-dimers (syn and anti) led to fourfold aluminium-functionalized Janus-like products with two aluminium functions on each side oriented towards the same direction. The reactions of the monomeric anthracene derivatives with [(SiMe3)2HC]2AlH afforded semi-flexible bidentate Lewis acids, which are interesting building blocks for molecular chains bearing multiple Lewis-acidic functions. The aluminium-functionalized anti-photo-dimer was treated with various donor molecules to gain insight into its host-guest chemistry. All poly-Lewis acids and their adducts were characterized by X-ray diffraction experiments, multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and by elemental analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Aders
- Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Chemie, Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie (ACS), Centre for Molecular Materials (CM2), Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Jan-Hendrik Lamm
- Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Chemie, Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie (ACS), Centre for Molecular Materials (CM2), Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - J Louis Beckmann
- Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Chemie, Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie (ACS), Centre for Molecular Materials (CM2), Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Beate Neumann
- Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Chemie, Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie (ACS), Centre for Molecular Materials (CM2), Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Hans-Georg Stammler
- Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Chemie, Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie (ACS), Centre for Molecular Materials (CM2), Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Norbert W Mitzel
- Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Chemie, Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie (ACS), Centre for Molecular Materials (CM2), Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
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9
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Rudlof J, Glodde T, Mix A, Neumann B, Stammler H, Mitzel NW. Synthesis of Bifunctional Boron‐Lewis Acids – Thorough Investigation of the Adduct Formation with Pyrimidine. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jens Rudlof
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Timo Glodde
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Andreas Mix
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Beate Neumann
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Hans‐Georg Stammler
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Norbert W. Mitzel
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
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10
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Schäfer F, Mix A, Cati N, Lamm JH, Neumann B, Stammler G, Mitzel NW. Host guest chemistry of a bidentate silyl-triflate bis-Lewis-acid – complex complexation behaviour unravelled by diffusion NMR spectroscopy. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:7164-7173. [DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00583b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The bidentate silicon-based Lewis acid, bis(dimethyl-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)silylethyl)dimethylsilane, Me2Si[(CH2)2SiMe2-OTf]2, was prepared by a two-step synthesis starting from dimethyldivinylsilane by hydrosilylation with dimethylchlorosilane and subsequent Lewis acidity enhancement of the terminal silicon atoms...
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11
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Rudlof J, Neumann B, Stammler HG, Mitzel NW. Synthesis of a bifunctional boron-Lewis acid and studies on host-guest chemistry using pyridine and TMPD. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR NATURFORSCHUNG SECTION B-A JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-2021-0175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Based on the previously described bifunctional Lewis acid with a functional distance of the boron functions of 4.918(2) Å, the development of a further bifunctional, boron-containing Lewis acid with a wider functional distance is demonstrated. Again, a stannylated precursor was used and the Lewis-acidic boron functions were introduced by means of tin-boron exchange. The general suitability of this class of compounds for the formation of host-guest-complexes is demonstrated by NMR experiments and by solid-state structures using pyridine and TMPD (N
1,N
1,N
4,N
4-tetramethylbenzene-1,4-diamine) as Lewis basic guests. The influence of traces of moisture on the boron-containing, bifunctional Lewis acids was investigated by the structure elucidation of a decomposition product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Rudlof
- Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Bielefeld University , Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615 Bielefeld , Germany
| | - Beate Neumann
- Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Bielefeld University , Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615 Bielefeld , Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Stammler
- Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Bielefeld University , Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615 Bielefeld , Germany
| | - Norbert W. Mitzel
- Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Bielefeld University , Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615 Bielefeld , Germany
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12
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Rudlof J, Neumann B, Stammler H, Mitzel NW. Synthesis of Directed, Tridentate Lewis Acids Based on a Trisilacyclohexane‐Backbone via Hydrosilylation. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202100268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jens Rudlof
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 D-33615 Bielefeld
| | - Beate Neumann
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 D-33615 Bielefeld
| | - Hans‐Georg Stammler
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 D-33615 Bielefeld
| | - Norbert W. Mitzel
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 D-33615 Bielefeld
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13
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Rudlof J, Aders N, Lamm JH, Neumann B, Stammler HG, Mitzel NW. Bidentate Lewis Acids Derived from o-Diethynylbenzene with Group 13 and 14 Functions. ChemistryOpen 2021; 10:1020-1027. [PMID: 34637192 PMCID: PMC8507440 DOI: 10.1002/open.202100198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Starting from 1,2-diethynylbenzene, a series of bidentate Lewis acids was prepared by means of hydrometalations, in particular hydrosilylation, hydroboration, hydroalumination and terminal metalation based on group 13 and 14 elements. In the case of terminal alkyne metalation, the Lewis-acidic gallium function was introduced using triethylgallium under alkane elimination. A total of six different Lewis acids based on a semiflexible organic scaffold were prepared, bearing -SiClMe2 , -SiCl2 Me, -SiCl3 , -B(C6 F5 )2 , -AlBis2 (Bis=bis(trimethylsilyl)methyl) and -GaEt2 as the corresponding functional units. In all cases, the Lewis acid functionalisation was carried out twice and the products were obtained in good to excellent yields. In the case of the twofold gallium Lewis acid, a different structural motif in the form of a polymer-like chain was observed in the solid state. All new bidentate Lewis acids were characterised by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, CHN analysis and X-ray diffraction experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Rudlof
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Center of Molecular Materials CM2, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Niklas Aders
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Center of Molecular Materials CM2, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Jan-Hendrik Lamm
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Center of Molecular Materials CM2, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Beate Neumann
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Center of Molecular Materials CM2, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Stammler
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Center of Molecular Materials CM2, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Norbert W Mitzel
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Center of Molecular Materials CM2, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615, Bielefeld, Germany
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14
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Schäfer F, Lamm J, Neumann B, Stammler H, Mitzel NW. Silicon‐Bridged Bi‐ and Tridentate Lewis Acidic Host Systems. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Schäfer
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld
| | - Jan‐Hendrik Lamm
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld
| | - Beate Neumann
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld
| | - Hans‐Georg Stammler
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld
| | - Norbert W. Mitzel
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld
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15
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Schäfer F, Neumann B, Stammler H, Mitzel NW. Hexadentate Poly‐Lewis Acids Based on 1,3,5‐Trisilacyclohexane. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Schäfer
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 D-33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Beate Neumann
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 D-33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Hans‐Georg Stammler
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 D-33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Norbert W. Mitzel
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 D-33615 Bielefeld Germany
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16
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Schwartzen A, Weddeling J, Langosch J, Neumann B, Stammler H, Mitzel NW. Chalice-Type Tridentate Silicon Lewis Acids of C 3 Symmetry in a Single Step Starting from Hexadehydrotribenzo[12]annulene. Chemistry 2021; 27:1821-1828. [PMID: 33058292 PMCID: PMC7898637 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Tridentate Lewis acids with aligned functions were synthesized based on the rigid framework hexadehydrotribenzo[12]annulene. The backbone and its fluorinated analogue were synthesised in one-pot syntheses, with alkyne deprotection and Sonogashira cross coupling reaction being carried out in one step. Hydrosilylation of the annulene with chlorohydrosilanes proceeded highly selectively and afforded rigid poly-Lewis acids with three SiCl3 or SiCl2 Me substituents perfectly oriented to one side of the molecule in a single step. The progress of hydrosilylation was investigated by time-correlated NMR spectroscopic studies. The crystal structures show that the framework is symmetrically functionalised and the silyl substituents are aligned in one direction. To increase the acidity of the Lewis acids the chlorosilyl substituents were fluorinated with SbF3 . Further investigation of hydrometallation reactions (M=B, Al, Ga, Sn) did not lead to corresponding structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Schwartzen
- Bielefeld UniversityUniversitätsstraße 2533615BielefeldGermany
| | | | - Jana Langosch
- Bielefeld UniversityUniversitätsstraße 2533615BielefeldGermany
| | - Beate Neumann
- Bielefeld UniversityUniversitätsstraße 2533615BielefeldGermany
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17
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Alashkar N, Arca M, Alnasr H, Lutter M, Lippolis V, Jurkschat K. Water‐Soluble Organotin Compounds – Syntheses, Structures and Reactivity towards Fluoride Anions in Water. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nour Alashkar
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie II Technische Universität Dortmund 44221 Dortmund Germany
| | - Massimiliano Arca
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche Università degli Studi di Cagliari S.S. 554 Bivio per Sestu 09042 Monserrato (CA) Italy
| | - Hazem Alnasr
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie II Technische Universität Dortmund 44221 Dortmund Germany
| | - Michael Lutter
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie II Technische Universität Dortmund 44221 Dortmund Germany
| | - Vito Lippolis
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche Università degli Studi di Cagliari S.S. 554 Bivio per Sestu 09042 Monserrato (CA) Italy
| | - Klaus Jurkschat
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie II Technische Universität Dortmund 44221 Dortmund Germany
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18
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19
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Dankert F, Deubner HL, Müller M, Buchner MR, Kraus F, von Hänisch C. C–F Bond Cleavage Reactions with Beryllium, Magnesium, Gallium, Hafnium, and Thorium Halides. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201900297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Dankert
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW) Philipps‐Universität Marburg Hans‐Meerwein Str. 4 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - H. Lars Deubner
- Fachbereich Chemie: Anorganische Chemie Fluorchemie Philipps‐Universität Marburg Hans‐Meerwein Str. 4 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Matthias Müller
- Fachbereich Chemie: Anorganische Chemie Nachwuchsgruppe Berylliumchemie Philipps‐Universität Marburg Hans‐Meerwein Str. 4 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Magnus R. Buchner
- Fachbereich Chemie: Anorganische Chemie Nachwuchsgruppe Berylliumchemie Philipps‐Universität Marburg Hans‐Meerwein Str. 4 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Florian Kraus
- Fachbereich Chemie: Anorganische Chemie Fluorchemie Philipps‐Universität Marburg Hans‐Meerwein Str. 4 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Carsten von Hänisch
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW) Philipps‐Universität Marburg Hans‐Meerwein Str. 4 35032 Marburg Germany
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20
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Danilenko TN, Tatevosyan MM, Vlasenko VG. A Study of Electronic Structure of Diethyldiphenylsilane by X-Ray Emission Spectroscopy and Density Functional Theory Methods. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363219110100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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21
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Talavera M, von Hahmann CN, Müller R, Ahrens M, Kaupp M, Braun T. C−H and C−F Bond Activation Reactions of Fluorinated Propenes at Rhodium: Distinctive Reactivity of the Refrigerant HFO‐1234yf. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201902872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Talavera
- Department of ChemistryHumboldt Universität zu Berlin Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Cortney N. von Hahmann
- Department of ChemistryHumboldt Universität zu Berlin Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Robert Müller
- Institut für Chemie, Theoretische Chemie/Quantenchemie, Sekr. C7Technische Universität Berlin Strasse des 17. Juni 135 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Mike Ahrens
- Department of ChemistryHumboldt Universität zu Berlin Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Martin Kaupp
- Institut für Chemie, Theoretische Chemie/Quantenchemie, Sekr. C7Technische Universität Berlin Strasse des 17. Juni 135 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Thomas Braun
- Department of ChemistryHumboldt Universität zu Berlin Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2 12489 Berlin Germany
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22
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Talavera M, von Hahmann CN, Müller R, Ahrens M, Kaupp M, Braun T. C-H and C-F Bond Activation Reactions of Fluorinated Propenes at Rhodium: Distinctive Reactivity of the Refrigerant HFO-1234yf. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:10688-10692. [PMID: 31102565 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201902872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The reaction of [Rh(H)(PEt3 )3 ] (1) with the refrigerant HFO-1234yf (2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene) affords an efficient route to obtain [Rh(F)(PEt3 )3 ] (3) by C-F bond activation. Catalytic hydrodefluorinations were achieved in the presence of the silane HSiPh3 . In the presence of a fluorosilane, 3 provides a C-H bond activation followed by a 1,2-fluorine shift to produce [Rh{(E)-C(CF3 )=CHF}(PEt3 )3 ] (4). Similar rearrangements of HFO-1234yf were observed at [Rh(E)(PEt3 )3 ] [E=Bpin (6), C7 D7 (8), Me (9)]. The ability to favor C-H bond activation using 3 and fluorosilane is also demonstrated with 3,3,3-trifluoropropene. Studies are supported by DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Talavera
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Cortney N von Hahmann
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Müller
- Institut für Chemie, Theoretische Chemie/Quantenchemie, Sekr. C7, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mike Ahrens
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Kaupp
- Institut für Chemie, Theoretische Chemie/Quantenchemie, Sekr. C7, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Braun
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
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23
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Weisheim E, Weigel S, Neumann B, Stammler HG, Mitzel NW. Trifunctional organometallic frameworks and cages based on all-cis-1,3,5-triethynyl-1,3,5-trisilacyclohexanes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:4985-4988. [PMID: 30968089 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc02315a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
All-cis-1,3,5-triethynyl-1,3,5-triorganyl-1,3,5-trisilacyclohexanes (organyl R = Me, Ph) offer flexible scaffolds with three concordantly oriented ethynyl groups. Lithiation with n-BuLi affords the dimeric {[CH2Si(R)(C2Li)]3(THF)3}2 with a drum-like structure in high yields. They can be transformed into other trinuclear organometallic derivatives like the trimercury cage species [CH2Si(R)C2HgC2(R)SiCH2]3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugen Weisheim
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie and Centrum für Molekulare Materialien CM2, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
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24
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Niermeier P, Blomeyer S, Bejaoui YKJ, Beckmann JL, Neumann B, Stammler HG, Mitzel NW. Bidentate Boron Lewis Acids: Selectivity in Host-Guest Complex Formation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:1965-1969. [PMID: 30576056 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201812696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Bidentate boron Lewis acids based on 1,8-diethynylanthracene were synthesised in two steps by initial stannylation of the terminal alkynes and subsequent tin-boron exchange with different chloroboranes. The reactions were very selective, and the target compounds were obtained in high purity and good to excellent yields. Complexation experiments of 1,8-bis[(diphenylboranyl)ethynyl]anthracene with nitrogen bases (pyridine, pyrimidine, TMEDA) afforded three stable adducts, which were structurally characterised by X-ray diffraction. Competition experiments demonstrated the selective exchange of guests, and quantum-chemical calculations provided information on their energetics. NMR experiments at low temperature gave insight into the dynamic behaviour of the TMEDA adduct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Niermeier
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Centrum für Molekulare Materialien CM2, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Sebastian Blomeyer
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Centrum für Molekulare Materialien CM2, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Younes K J Bejaoui
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Centrum für Molekulare Materialien CM2, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - J Louis Beckmann
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Centrum für Molekulare Materialien CM2, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Beate Neumann
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Centrum für Molekulare Materialien CM2, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Stammler
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Centrum für Molekulare Materialien CM2, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Norbert W Mitzel
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Centrum für Molekulare Materialien CM2, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
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25
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Uhl W, Tolzmann M, Willeke K, Honacker C, Hepp A, Layh M, Würthwein E. Silicon–Halogen Bond Activation in Mixed Si/Al Compounds and an Approach to Intramolecular Stabilized Silylium Ions. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201801273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Werner Uhl
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Universität Münster Corrensstraße 30 48149 Münster Germany
- Organisch‐Chemisches Institut and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation (CMTC) Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Michael Tolzmann
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Universität Münster Corrensstraße 30 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Kira Willeke
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Universität Münster Corrensstraße 30 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Christian Honacker
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Universität Münster Corrensstraße 30 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Alexander Hepp
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Universität Münster Corrensstraße 30 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Marcus Layh
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Universität Münster Corrensstraße 30 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Ernst‐Ulrich Würthwein
- Organisch‐Chemisches Institut and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation (CMTC) Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
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26
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Niermeier P, Blomeyer S, Bejaoui YKJ, Beckmann JL, Neumann B, Stammler HG, Mitzel NW. Zweizähnige Bor-Lewis-Säuren und ihre Selektivität in der Wirt-Gast-Komplexbildung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201812696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Niermeier
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie; Centrum für Molekulare Materialien CM 2; Fakultät für Chemie; Universität Bielefeld; Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Deutschland
| | - Sebastian Blomeyer
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie; Centrum für Molekulare Materialien CM 2; Fakultät für Chemie; Universität Bielefeld; Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Deutschland
| | - Younes K. J. Bejaoui
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie; Centrum für Molekulare Materialien CM 2; Fakultät für Chemie; Universität Bielefeld; Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Deutschland
| | - J. Louis Beckmann
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie; Centrum für Molekulare Materialien CM 2; Fakultät für Chemie; Universität Bielefeld; Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Deutschland
| | - Beate Neumann
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie; Centrum für Molekulare Materialien CM 2; Fakultät für Chemie; Universität Bielefeld; Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Deutschland
| | - Hans-Georg Stammler
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie; Centrum für Molekulare Materialien CM 2; Fakultät für Chemie; Universität Bielefeld; Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Deutschland
| | - Norbert W. Mitzel
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie; Centrum für Molekulare Materialien CM 2; Fakultät für Chemie; Universität Bielefeld; Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Deutschland
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Schwartzen A, Rovers M, Neumann B, Stammler HG, Mitzel NW. Syntheses and Structures of 1,8,13,16-Substituted Triptycenes. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Schwartzen
- Fakultät für Chemie; Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie; Universität Bielefeld; Universitätsstrasse 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Marla Rovers
- Fakultät für Chemie; Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie; Universität Bielefeld; Universitätsstrasse 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Beate Neumann
- Fakultät für Chemie; Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie; Universität Bielefeld; Universitätsstrasse 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Stammler
- Fakultät für Chemie; Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie; Universität Bielefeld; Universitätsstrasse 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Norbert W. Mitzel
- Fakultät für Chemie; Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie; Universität Bielefeld; Universitätsstrasse 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
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28
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Schwartzen A, Siebe L, Schwabedissen J, Neumann B, Stammler H, Mitzel NW. Tridentate Lewis Acids: Silicon‐Functionalised 1,3,5‐Triethynylbenzene and 1,3,5‐Trivinylbenzene. Eur J Inorg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201800279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Schwartzen
- Fakultät für Chemie Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie Universität Bielefeld Universitätsstrasse 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Lena Siebe
- Fakultät für Chemie Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie Universität Bielefeld Universitätsstrasse 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Jan Schwabedissen
- Fakultät für Chemie Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie Universität Bielefeld Universitätsstrasse 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Beate Neumann
- Fakultät für Chemie Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie Universität Bielefeld Universitätsstrasse 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Hans‐Georg Stammler
- Fakultät für Chemie Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie Universität Bielefeld Universitätsstrasse 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Norbert W. Mitzel
- Fakultät für Chemie Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie Universität Bielefeld Universitätsstrasse 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
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29
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Naseer MM, Jurkschat K. Organotin-based receptors for anions and ion pairs. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 53:8122-8135. [PMID: 28580478 DOI: 10.1039/c7cc02667f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The field of anion recognition has developed into an area of tremendous significance over the recent decades due to the role of anions in biological and environmental systems, contributing significantly to the more general domain of supramolecular chemistry. So far, a number of receptors have been designed for anion recognition, synthesized and evaluated, most involving hydrogen bonding donors (urea, amide, pyrrole, imidazolium and hydroxyl groups), π-acidic aryl rings, Lewis acidic metals (boron, tin, aluminium, mercury and uranium) and positively charged polyammonium moieties. With the rapid progress in this field, the role of counterions in modulating the binding strength and selectivity of a specific ion has been recognized, leading to the design and discovery of more robust ion pair receptors. Among various recognition strategies that are presently available for anions and ion pairs, the development of Lewis acidic element-based receptors offers an attractive alternative to the hydrogen bond donor-based receptors, by which both anion and Lewis base recognition can be achieved. Consequently, researchers have focused a great deal of attention on such receptors and this sub-branch of recognition chemistry is expanding rapidly. In recent years, the desired selectivity and binding strength have been achieved for various anions by tuning the Lewis acidity through variation of substituents about the metal center. The easy access, rich molecular diversity and strong Lewis acidity of organotin compounds led to the development of organotin-based molecular receptors for anions and ion pairs. This feature article highlights the advances in the design, synthesis and applications of organotin-based receptors, mainly focusing on our group's contributions.
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Horstmann J, Hyseni M, Mix A, Neumann B, Stammler HG, Mitzel NW. Von zweizähnigen Gallium-Lewis-Säuren zu supramolekularen Komplexen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201701303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Horstmann
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, CM 2; Universität Bielefeld; Fakultät für Chemie; Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Deutschland
| | - Mentor Hyseni
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, CM 2; Universität Bielefeld; Fakultät für Chemie; Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Deutschland
| | - Andreas Mix
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, CM 2; Universität Bielefeld; Fakultät für Chemie; Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Deutschland
| | - Beate Neumann
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, CM 2; Universität Bielefeld; Fakultät für Chemie; Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Deutschland
| | - Hans-Georg Stammler
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, CM 2; Universität Bielefeld; Fakultät für Chemie; Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Deutschland
| | - Norbert W. Mitzel
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, CM 2; Universität Bielefeld; Fakultät für Chemie; Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Deutschland
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Horstmann J, Hyseni M, Mix A, Neumann B, Stammler HG, Mitzel NW. From Bidentate Gallium Lewis Acids to Supramolecular Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:6107-6111. [PMID: 28418175 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201701303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Bidentate gallium Lewis acids were prepared by the reaction of diethynyldiphenylsilane with neat trimethyl- or triethylgallium. Bis[(dimethylgallyl)ethynyl]diphenylsilane (1) and diethylgallyl derivative 2 were characterized as Et2 O or pyridine adducts by NMR spectroscopy; 2⋅2Py was isolated. Lewis acids 1 and 2 form host-guest adducts with bidentate nitrogen bases, but defined cyclic 1:1 adducts are only formed between 1 and bases with matching N⋅⋅⋅N distances: 4,4'-dimethyl-3,3'-bipyridinylacetylene (3), bis[(pyridin-3-yl)ethynyl]diphenylsilane (4), and bis[(2-methylpyridin-5-yl)ethynyl]diphenylsilane (5). The structures of adducts 1⋅3, 1⋅4, and 1⋅5 were established by X-ray diffraction experiments. 2⋅2Py reacts with DABCO to afford polymeric (DABCO-2-)n .
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Horstmann
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, CM2, Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Chemie, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Mentor Hyseni
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, CM2, Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Chemie, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Andreas Mix
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, CM2, Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Chemie, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Beate Neumann
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, CM2, Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Chemie, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Stammler
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, CM2, Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Chemie, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Norbert W Mitzel
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, CM2, Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Chemie, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
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Horstmann J, Lamm JH, Strothmann T, Neumann B, Stammler HG, Mitzel NW. Bi- and tridentate silicon-based acceptor molecules. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR NATURFORSCHUNG SECTION B-A JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL SCIENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-2017-0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Triethynylphenylsilane (1), trivinylphenylsilane (2), diethynyldiphenylsilane (3) and diphenyldivinylsilane (4) were reacted with chlorodimethylsilane yielding the corresponding hydrosilylation products. To increase their Lewis acidity, the Si–Cl functions were directly transferred into Si–C6F5 units by salt elimination reactions leading to the (semi-) flexible molecules 5–8 bearing two or three Lewis-acidic sidearms. With the aim of providing host-guest complexes, the air-stable and readily soluble compounds 5–8 were converted with N- and O-Lewis bases of different size and geometry. In all cases, NMR spectroscopic investigations reveal no formation of Lewis acid-base complexes. X-ray diffraction experiments of host compounds 5–7 show intermolecular aryl…perfluoroaryl interactions of dispersion nature in the solid state. By hydrosilylation of 1 with trichlorosilane the more Lewis-acidic all-trans-tris[(trichlorosilyl)vinyl]phenylsilane (9) was obtained. Its Lewis acidity was further increased by fluorination to yield all-trans-tris[(trifluorosilyl)vinyl]phenylsilane (10); the conversion with nitrogen containing Lewis bases ends up in the formation of insoluble precipitates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Horstmann
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Materials CM 2 , Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25 , D-33615 Bielefeld , Germany
| | - Jan-Hendrik Lamm
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Materials CM 2 , Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25 , D-33615 Bielefeld , Germany
| | - Till Strothmann
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Materials CM 2 , Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25 , D-33615 Bielefeld , Germany
| | - Beate Neumann
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Materials CM 2 , Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25 , D-33615 Bielefeld , Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Stammler
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Materials CM 2 , Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25 , D-33615 Bielefeld , Germany
| | - Norbert W. Mitzel
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Materials CM 2 , Bielefeld University , Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615 Bielefeld , Germany , Fax: +(0)521 106 6026
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Horstmann J, Reger S, Neumann B, Stammler HG, Mitzel NW. One-pot desilylation-Sonogashira coupling. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR NATURFORSCHUNG SECTION B-A JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL SCIENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-2017-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Coupling of diethynyldiphenylsilane (1) with aryl halides under Sonogashira conditions affords the symmetrical diarylacetylenes bis(2-methylpyridin-5-yl)acetylene (2), bis(4-fluorophenyl)acetylene (3) and bis(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)acetylene (4) in 60% to 82% yield. In the case of 2, the by-product bis(2-methylpyridin-5-yl)butadiyne (2a) was isolated in 12% yield. The occurring desilylation reaction was investigated by treating bis(phenylethynyl)diphenylsilane (5) under the same conditions. The formation of 1-fluoro-4-(phenylethynyl)benzene (6), 1-trifluoromethyl-4-(phenylethynyl)benzene (7) and (tetrafluoropyridin- 4-yl)ethynylbenzene (8) in 70 to 84% yield and the cleavage of hexaphenylcyclotrisiloxane were observed in all cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Horstmann
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Materials CM 2 , Bielefeld University , Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615 Bielefeld , Germany
| | - Stefanie Reger
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Materials CM 2 , Bielefeld University , Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615 Bielefeld , Germany
| | - Beate Neumann
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Materials CM 2 , Bielefeld University , Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615 Bielefeld , Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Stammler
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Materials CM 2 , Bielefeld University , Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615 Bielefeld , Germany
| | - Norbert W. Mitzel
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Materials CM 2 , Bielefeld University , Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615 Bielefeld , Germany , Fax: Int +(0)521 106 6026
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