1
|
Méndez L, Muñoz S, Barros L, Miralles-Pérez B, Romeu M, Ramos-Romero S, Torres JL, Medina I. Combined Intake of Fish Oil and D-Fagomine Prevents High-Fat High-Sucrose Diet-Induced Prediabetes by Modulating Lipotoxicity and Protein Carbonylation in the Kidney. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030751. [PMID: 36978999 PMCID: PMC10045798 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity has been recognized as a major risk factor for chronic kidney disease, insulin resistance being an early common metabolic feature in patients suffering from this syndrome. This study aims to investigate the mechanism underlying the induction of kidney dysfunction and the concomitant onset of insulin resistance by long-term high-fat and sucrose diet feeding in Sprague Dawley rats. To achieve this goal, our study analyzed renal carbonylated protein patterns, ectopic lipid accumulation and fatty acid profiles and correlated them with biometrical and biochemical measurements and other body redox status parameters. Rats fed the obesogenic diet developed a prediabetic state and incipient kidney dysfunction manifested in increased plasma urea concentration and superior levels of renal fat deposition and protein carbonylation. An obesogenic diet increased renal fat by preferentially promoting the accumulation of saturated fat, arachidonic, and docosahexaenoic fatty acids while decreasing oleic acid. Renal lipotoxicity was accompanied by selectively higher carbonylation of proteins involved in the blood pH regulation, i.e., bicarbonate reclamation and synthesis, amino acid, and glucose metabolisms, directly related to the onset of insulin resistance. This study also tested the combination of antioxidant properties of fish oil with the anti-diabetic properties of buckwheat D-Fagomine to counteract diet-induced renal alterations. Results demonstrated that bioactive compounds combined attenuated lipotoxicity, induced more favorable lipid profiles and counteracted the excessive carbonylation of proteins associated with pH regulation in the kidneys, resulting in an inhibition of the progression of the prediabetes state and kidney disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Méndez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIM-CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, E-36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - Silvia Muñoz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIM-CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, E-36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - Lorena Barros
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIM-CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, E-36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - Bernat Miralles-Pérez
- Unidad de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, E-43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Marta Romeu
- Unidad de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, E-43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Sara Ramos-Romero
- Instituto de Química Avanzada de Catalunya-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Lluís Torres
- Instituto de Química Avanzada de Catalunya-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Medina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIM-CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, E-36208 Vigo, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Thomas AS, Sassi M, Angelini R, Morgan AH, Davies JS. Acylation, a Conductor of Ghrelin Function in Brain Health and Disease. Front Physiol 2022; 13:831641. [PMID: 35845996 PMCID: PMC9280358 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.831641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Acyl-ghrelin (AG) is an orexigenic hormone that has a unique octanoyl modification on its third serine residue. It is often referred to as the “hunger hormone” due to its involvement in stimulating food intake and regulating energy homeostasis. The discovery of the enzyme ghrelin-O-acyltransferase (GOAT), which catalyses ghrelin acylation, provided further insights into the relevance of this lipidation process for the activation of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R) by acyl-ghrelin. Although acyl-ghrelin is predominantly linked with octanoic acid, a range of saturated fatty acids can also bind to ghrelin possibly leading to specific functions. Sources of ghrelin acylation include beta-oxidation of longer chain fatty acids, with contributions from fatty acid synthesis, the diet, and the microbiome. In addition, both acyl-ghrelin and unacyl-ghrelin (UAG) have feedback effects on lipid metabolism which in turn modulate their levels. Recently we showed that whilst acyl-ghrelin promotes adult hippocampal neurogenesis and enhances memory function, UAG inhibits these processes. As a result, we postulated that the circulating acyl-ghrelin:unacyl-ghrelin (AG:UAG) ratio might be an important regulator of neurogenesis and cognition. In this review, we discuss emerging evidence behind the relevance of ghrelin acylation in the context of brain physiology and pathology, as well as the current challenges of identifying the provenance of the acyl moiety.
Collapse
|
3
|
Polyphenols and Fish Oils for Improving Metabolic Health: A Revision of the Recent Evidence for Their Combined Nutraceutical Effects. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092438. [PMID: 33922113 PMCID: PMC8122614 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids from fish oils, i.e., eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids, are well-recognized nutraceuticals, and their single antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties have been demonstrated in several studies found in the literature. It has been reported that the combination of these nutraceuticals can lead to three-fold increases in glutathione peroxidase activity, two-fold increases in plasma antioxidant capacity, decreases of 50-100% in lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, and urinary 8-isoprotanes, as well as 50-200% attenuation of common inflammation biomarkers, among other effects, as compared to their individual capacities. Therefore, the adequate combination of those bioactive food compounds and their single properties should offer a powerful tool for the design of successfully nutritional interventions for the prevention and palliation of a plethora of human metabolic diseases, frequently diet-induced, whose etiology and progression are characterized by redox homeostasis disturbances and a low-grade of chronic inflammation. However, the certain mechanisms behind their biological activities, in vivo interaction (both between them and other food compounds), and their optimal doses and consumption are not well-known yet. Therefore, we review here the recent evidence accumulated during the last decade about the cooperative action between polyphenols and fish oils against diet-related metabolic alterations, focusing on the mechanisms and pathways described and the effects reported. The final objective is to provide useful information for strategies for personalized nutrition based on these nutraceuticals.
Collapse
|
4
|
The Effects of the Combination of Buckwheat D-Fagomine and Fish Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Oxidative Stress and Related Risk Factors in Pre-Obese Rats. Foods 2021; 10:foods10020332. [PMID: 33557198 PMCID: PMC7913974 DOI: 10.3390/foods10020332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The combined supplementation of buckwheat D-fagomine (FG) and fish omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFA) attenuates the development of insulin resistance in rats fed a high-fat (HF) diet. This study aimed to examine the effects of combined supplementation with FG and ω-3 PUFA on dyslipidemia, transaminases, interleukin-6, and oxidative stress. Forty-five male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a standard diet, an HF diet, an HF diet supplemented with FG, an HF diet supplemented with ω-3 PUFA, or an HF diet supplemented with FG and ω-3 PUFA for 21 weeks. Triacylglycerol, cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and interleukin-6 were measured. The assessment of oxidative stress included plasma antioxidant capacity, antioxidant enzyme activities, glutathione content, lipid peroxidation, and protein carbonylation. The combined supplementation with FG and ω-3 PUFA did not attenuate the slight accumulation of liver cholesterol induced by the HF diet but normalized the plasma alanine aminotransferase activity. Rats fed the HF diet supplemented with the combination showed a lower amount of plasma interleukin-6 than those fed a standard diet. The combination attenuated oxidative damage induced by the HF diet, decreased antioxidant enzyme activities, and enhanced glutathione status. The beneficial effects of the combination of FG and ω-3 PUFA on oxidative stress and related risk factors in pre-obese rats were mainly modulated by ω-3 PUFA.
Collapse
|
5
|
Mladenovic Djordjevic AN, Kapetanou M, Loncarevic-Vasiljkovic N, Todorovic S, Athanasopoulou S, Jovic M, Prvulovic M, Taoufik E, Matsas R, Kanazir S, Gonos ES. Pharmacological intervention in a transgenic mouse model improves Alzheimer's-associated pathological phenotype: Involvement of proteasome activation. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 162:88-103. [PMID: 33279620 PMCID: PMC7889698 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia worldwide, characterized by a progressive decline in a variety of cognitive and non-cognitive functions. The amyloid beta protein cascade hypothesis places the formation of amyloid beta protein aggregates on the first position in the complex pathological cascade leading to neurodegeneration, and therefore AD might be considered to be a protein-misfolding disease. The Ubiquitin Proteasome System (UPS), being the primary protein degradation mechanism with a fundamental role in the maintenance of proteostasis, has been identified as a putative therapeutic target to delay and/or to decelerate the progression of neurodegenerative disorders that are characterized by accumulated/aggregated proteins. The purpose of this study was to test if the activation of proteasome in vivo can alleviate AD pathology. Specifically by using two compounds with complementary modes of proteasome activation and documented antioxidant and redox regulating properties in the 5xFAD transgenic mice model of AD, we ameliorated a number of AD related deficits. Shortly after proteasome activation we detected significantly reduced amyloid-beta load correlated with improved motor functions, reduced anxiety and frailty level. Essentially, to our knowledge this is the first report to demonstrate a dual activation of the proteasome and its downstream effects. In conclusion, these findings open up new directions for future therapeutic potential of proteasome-mediated proteolysis enhancement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra N Mladenovic Djordjevic
- Department for Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic", National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Boulevard Despota Stefana, 142, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Marianna Kapetanou
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Ave., 11635, Athens, Greece
| | - Natasa Loncarevic-Vasiljkovic
- Department for Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic", National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Boulevard Despota Stefana, 142, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia; Molecular Nutrition and Health Lab, CEDOC - Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas, NOVA Medical School / Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Edifício CEDOC II, Rua Câmara Pestana 6, 1150-082, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Smilja Todorovic
- Department for Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic", National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Boulevard Despota Stefana, 142, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sofia Athanasopoulou
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Ave., 11635, Athens, Greece; Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500, Larissa, Greece
| | - Milena Jovic
- Department for Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic", National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Boulevard Despota Stefana, 142, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Prvulovic
- Department for Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic", National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Boulevard Despota Stefana, 142, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Era Taoufik
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology-Stem Cells, Department of Neurobiology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 127 Vasilissis Sofias Avenue, 11521, Athens, Greece
| | - Rebecca Matsas
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology-Stem Cells, Department of Neurobiology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 127 Vasilissis Sofias Avenue, 11521, Athens, Greece
| | - Selma Kanazir
- Department for Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic", National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Boulevard Despota Stefana, 142, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Efstathios S Gonos
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Ave., 11635, Athens, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ramos‐Romero S, Léniz A, Martínez‐Maqueda D, Amézqueta S, Fernández‐Quintela A, Hereu M, Torres JL, Portillo MP, Pérez‐Jiménez J. Inter‐Individual Variability in Insulin Response after Grape Pomace Supplementation in Subjects at High Cardiometabolic Risk: Role of Microbiota and miRNA. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 65:e2000113. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ramos‐Romero
- Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC‐CSIC) Barcelona 08034 Spain
- Department of Cell Biology Physiology and Immunology Faculty of Biology University of Barcelona Barcelona 08028 Spain
| | - Asier Léniz
- Basque Health Service (Osakidetza) Araba Integrated Health Care Organization Vitoria 01009 Spain
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science Faculty of Pharmacy and Lucio Lascaray Research Center University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) Vitoria 01006 Spain
| | - Daniel Martínez‐Maqueda
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN‐CSIC) Institute of Food Science José Antonio Novais 10 Madrid 28040 Spain
| | - Susana Amézqueta
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química i Química Analítica and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB) Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona 08028 Spain
| | - Alfredo Fernández‐Quintela
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science Faculty of Pharmacy and Lucio Lascaray Research Center University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) Vitoria 01006 Spain
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN) Madrid 28029 Spain
| | - Mercè Hereu
- Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC‐CSIC) Barcelona 08034 Spain
| | - Josep Luís Torres
- Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC‐CSIC) Barcelona 08034 Spain
| | - María P. Portillo
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science Faculty of Pharmacy and Lucio Lascaray Research Center University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) Vitoria 01006 Spain
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN) Madrid 28029 Spain
| | - Jara Pérez‐Jiménez
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN‐CSIC) Institute of Food Science José Antonio Novais 10 Madrid 28040 Spain
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Effects of Fish Oil and Grape Seed Extract Combination on Hepatic Endogenous Antioxidants and Bioactive Lipids in Diet-Induced Early Stages of Insulin Resistance in Rats. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18060318. [PMID: 32560216 PMCID: PMC7345288 DOI: 10.3390/md18060318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Diacylglycerols (DAG) and ceramides have been suggested as early predictors of insulin resistance. This study was aimed to examine the combined effects of fish oil (FO) and grape seed extract (GSE) on hepatic endogenous antioxidants, DAG and ceramides in diet-induced early stages of insulin resistance. Thirty-five rats were fed one of the following diets: (1) a standard diet (STD group), (2) a high-fat high-sucrose diet (HFHS group), (3) an HFHS diet enriched with FO (FO group), (4) an HFHS diet enriched with GSE (GSE group) or (5) an HFHS diet enriched with FO and GSE (FO + GSE group). In the liver, endogenous antioxidants were measured using spectrophotometric and fluorometric techniques, and non-targeted lipidomics was conducted for the assessment of DAG and ceramides. After 24 weeks, the FO + GSE group showed increased glutathione peroxidase activity, as well as monounsaturated fatty acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid-containing DAG, and long-chain fatty acid-containing ceramides abundances compared to the STD group. The FO and GSE combination induced similar activation of the antioxidant system and bioactive lipid accumulation in the liver than the HFHS diet without supplementation. In addition, the FO and GSE combination increased the abundances of polyunsaturated fatty acid-containing DAG in the liver.
Collapse
|
8
|
Méndez L, Muñoz S, Miralles-Pérez B, Nogués MR, Ramos-Romero S, Torres JL, Medina I. Modulation of the Liver Protein Carbonylome by the Combined Effect of Marine Omega-3 PUFAs and Grape Polyphenols Supplementation in Rats Fed an Obesogenic High Fat and High Sucrose Diet. Mar Drugs 2019; 18:E34. [PMID: 31906027 PMCID: PMC7024381 DOI: 10.3390/md18010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Diet-induced obesity has been linked to metabolic disorders such as cardiovascular diseases andtype 2 diabetes. A factor linking diet to metabolic disorders is oxidative stress, which can damagebiomolecules, especially proteins. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of marineomega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) (eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid(DHA)) and their combination with grape seed polyphenols (GSE) on carbonyl-modified proteins fromplasma and liver in Wistar Kyoto rats fed an obesogenic diet, namely high-fat and high-sucrose (HFHS)diet. A proteomics approach consisting of fluorescein 5-thiosemicarbazide (FTSC) labelling of proteincarbonyls, visualization of FTSC-labelled protein on 1-DE or 2-DE gels, and protein identification byMS/MS was used for the protein oxidation assessment. Results showed the efficiency of the combinationof both bioactive compounds in decreasing the total protein carbonylation induced by HFHS diet in bothplasma and liver. The analysis of carbonylated protein targets, also referred to as the 'carbonylome',revealed an individual response of liver proteins to supplements and a modulatory effect on specificmetabolic pathways and processes due to, at least in part, the control exerted by the supplements on theliver protein carbonylome. This investigation highlights the additive effect of dietary fish oils and grapeseed polyphenols in modulating in vivo oxidative damage of proteins induced by the consumption ofHFHS diets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Méndez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIM-CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, E-36208 Vigo, Spain; (S.M.); (I.M.)
| | - Silvia Muñoz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIM-CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, E-36208 Vigo, Spain; (S.M.); (I.M.)
| | - Bernat Miralles-Pérez
- Unidad de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, E-43201 Reus, Spain (M.R.N.)
| | - Maria Rosa Nogués
- Unidad de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, E-43201 Reus, Spain (M.R.N.)
| | - Sara Ramos-Romero
- Instituto de Química Avanzada de Cataluña-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain; (S.R.-R.); (J.L.T.)
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Biología, Universitad de Barcelona, Diagonal 643, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Lluis Torres
- Instituto de Química Avanzada de Cataluña-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain; (S.R.-R.); (J.L.T.)
| | - Isabel Medina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIM-CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, E-36208 Vigo, Spain; (S.M.); (I.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Anchovy mince ( Engraulis ringens ) enriched with polyphenol-rich grape pomace dietary fibre: In vitro polyphenols bioaccessibility, antioxidant and physico-chemical properties. Food Res Int 2017; 102:639-646. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.09.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
10
|
Li Q, Wu T, Liu R, Zhang M, Wang R. Soluble Dietary Fiber Reduces Trimethylamine Metabolism via Gut Microbiota and Co-Regulates Host AMPK Pathways. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 61. [PMID: 28884952 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Evidence from animal experiments and clinical medicine suggests that high dietary fiber intake, followed by gut microbiota-mediated fermentation, decreases trimethylamine (TMA) metabolism, the mechanism of which, however, remains unclear. The objective of this analysis was to evaluate, using mice fed with red meat, the effects of soluble dietary fiber (SDF) intervention on TMA metabolism. METHODS AND RESULTS Low- or high-dose soluble dietary fiber (SDF) from natural wheat bran (LN and HN, low- and high-dose natural SDF), fermented wheat bran (LF and HF, low- and high-dose fermented SDF), and steam-exploded wheat bran (LE and HE, low- and high-dose exploded SDF groups) were used to examine whether SDF interventions in mice fed with red meat can alter TMA and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) metabolism by gut microbial communities in a diet-specific manner. Results demonstrated that SDF-diets could reduce TMA and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) metabolism by 40.6 and 62.6%, respectively. DF feeding, particularly fermented SDF, reshaped gut microbial ecology and promoted the growth of certain beneficial microflora species. SDF-diet decreased energy intake, weight gain, intestinal pH values, and serum lipid and cholesterol levels. SDF-diet also enhanced the production of short chain fatty acids with activation of the intestinal epithelial adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK). CONCLUSION These findings suggest a central mechanism via which SDF-diet may control TMA metabolism by gut microflora and co-regulate the AMPK pathways of the host.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Food Sciences & Bioengineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Tao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Food Sciences & Bioengineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, PR China.,Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Institute for New Rural Development, Tianjin, China.,Engineering Research Center of Food Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Food Sciences & Bioengineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Min Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Food Sciences & Bioengineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, PR China.,Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Institute for New Rural Development, Tianjin, China.,Engineering Research Center of Food Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruijun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Food Sciences & Bioengineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ramos-Romero S, Hereu M, Molinar-Toribio E, Almajano MP, Méndez L, Medina I, Taltavull N, Romeu M, Nogués MR, Torres JL. Effects of the combination of ω-3 PUFAs and proanthocyanidins on the gut microbiota of healthy rats. Food Res Int 2017; 97:364-371. [PMID: 28578061 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ω-3 Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) reduce risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and other pathologies that involve low-grade inflammation. They have recently been shown to exert complementary functional effects with proanthocyanidins. As the reduction of health-promoting gut bacteria such as lactobacilli and bifidobacteria has been linked to a number of alterations in the host, the aim of this study was to determine whether PUFAs and proanthocyanidins also cooperate in maintaining well-balanced microbiota. To this end, rats were supplemented for 6months with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)/docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) 1:1 (16.6g/kg feed); proanthocyanidin-rich grape seed extract (GSE, 0.8g/kg feed); or both. Plasma adiponectin, cholesterol, and urine nitrites were measured. Gut bacterial subgroups were evaluated in fecal DNA by qRT-PCR. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were determined in feces by gas chromatography. Body and adipose tissue weights were found to be higher in the animals given ω-3 PUFAs, while their energy intake was lower. Plasma cholesterol was lower in ω-3 PUFA supplemented groups, while adiponectin and urine nitrites were higher. ω-3 PUFAs reduced the population of Lactobacillales and L. acidophilus after 6months of supplementation. GSE significantly reduced L. plantarum and B. longum. The combination of ω-3 PUFAs and GSE maintained the health-promoting bacteria at levels similar to those of the control group. Acetic acid was increased by the ω-3 PUFA individual supplementation, while the combination with GSE kept this value similar to the control value. In conclusion, while individual supplementations with ω-3 PUFAs or GSE modify the populations of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and microbial products (SCFAs), their combination maintains the standard proportions of these bacterial subgroups and their function while also providing the cardiovascular benefits of ω-3 PUFAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ramos-Romero
- Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Mercè Hereu
- Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.
| | | | - María Pilar Almajano
- Chemical Engineering Department, Technical University of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Lucía Méndez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM-CSIC), Vigo, Spain.
| | - Isabel Medina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM-CSIC), Vigo, Spain.
| | - Núria Taltavull
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.
| | - Marta Romeu
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.
| | - Maria Rosa Nogués
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.
| | - Josep Lluís Torres
- Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Molinar-Toribio E, Ramos-Romero S, Fuguet E, Taltavull N, Méndez L, Romeu M, Medina I, Torres JL, Pérez-Jiménez J. Influence of omega-3 PUFAs on the metabolism of proanthocyanidins in rats. Food Res Int 2017; 97:133-140. [PMID: 28578033 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Studies of the bioavailability of proanthocyanidins usually consider them independently of other dietary constituents, while there is a tendency in the field of functional foods towards the combination of different bioactive compounds in a single product. This study examined the long-term effects of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids of marine origin on the metabolic fate of grape proanthocyanidins. For this, female adult Wistar-Kyoto rats were fed (18weeks) with a standard diet supplemented or not with eicosapentaenoic acid/docosahexaenoic acid (1:1, 16.6g/kg feed), proanthocyanidin-rich grape seed extract (0.8g/kg feed) or both. A total of 39 microbial-derived metabolites and 16 conjugated metabolites were detected by HPLC-MS/MS either in urine or in the aqueous fraction of feces. An unexpected significant increase in many proanthocyanidin metabolites in urine and feces was observed in the group supplemented with ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids group as compared to the animals fed a standard diet, which contains a small amount of polyphenols. However, proanthocyanidin metabolites in rats given ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and grape seed extract did not significantly differ from those in the group supplemented only with grape seed extract. It was concluded that ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids collaborate in the metabolism of polyphenols when present at low doses in the feed matrix, while the capacity of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids to induce microbiota transformations when proanthocyanidins are present at high doses is not relevant compared to that of polyphenols themselves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara Ramos-Romero
- Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisabet Fuguet
- Departament de Química Analítica, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Serra Húnter Program, Generalitat de Catalunya, Spain
| | - Núria Taltavull
- Unitat de Farmacologia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Lucía Méndez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM-CSIC), Vigo, Spain
| | - Marta Romeu
- Unitat de Farmacologia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Isabel Medina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM-CSIC), Vigo, Spain
| | - Josep Lluís Torres
- Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jara Pérez-Jiménez
- Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Changes in liver proteins of rats fed standard and high-fat and sucrose diets induced by fish omega-3 PUFAs and their combination with grape polyphenols according to quantitative proteomics. J Nutr Biochem 2016; 41:84-97. [PMID: 28064013 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2016.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 11/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This study considered the physiological modulation of liver proteins due to the supplementation with fish oils under two dietary backgrounds: standard or high in fat and sucrose (HFHS), and their combination with grape polyphenols. By using a quantitative proteomics approach, we showed that the capacity of the supplements for regulating proteins depended on the diet; namely, 10 different proteins changed into standard diets, while 45 changed into the HFHS diets and only scarcely proteins were found altered in common. However, in both contexts, fish oils were the main regulatory force, although the addition of polyphenols was able to modulate some fish oils' effects. Moreover, we demonstrated the ability of fish oils and their combination with grape polyphenols in improving biochemical parameters and reducing lipogenesis and glycolysis enzymes, enhancing fatty acid beta-oxidation and insulin signaling and ameliorating endoplasmic reticulum stress and protein oxidation when they are included in an unhealthy diet.
Collapse
|