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Han YD, Kim KR, Lee KW, Yoon HC. Retroreflection-based optical biosensing: From concept to applications. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 207:114202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Kim KR, Chun HJ, Lee KW, Jeong KY, Kim JH, Yoon HC. Wash-free non-spectroscopic optical immunoassay by controlling retroreflective microparticle movement in a microfluidic chip. LAB ON A CHIP 2019; 19:3931-3942. [PMID: 31650135 DOI: 10.1039/c9lc00973f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Here, we proposed a retroreflective optical immunoassay platform by introducing the intrinsic sedimentation characteristics of a micro-retroreflector, namely retroreflective Janus particles (RJPs), wherein the sediment-based passive movement of RJPs minimised the random errors due to human involvement and resulted in a simple procedure that does not require the washing step, to follow the concept of point-of-care testing. The transparent sensing interface and the sedimentation property of RJPs were combined to develop a practical retroreflective immunoassay platform. For the sensing surface, transparent silanized poly(methyl methacrylate) was applied to the inverted focusing method. In the retroreflection phenomenon, as the incident light returns to its source by the retroreflector, efficient design of the retroreflective optical path between the light source and retroreflector can be crucial in signal registration. While preparing the RJP-bound transparent substrate on the microfluidic channel, the signal could be achieved more efficiently by directly focusing on the sensing interface, and not via the fluidic channels. To integrate this to build an immunoassay protocol, the sedimentation property of RJPs was employed for microfluidic chip inversion-based particle movement control, which was utilised for both luring and separating RJPs on the sensing surface, resulting in a wash-free immunoassay without any human involvement. To ensure accurate analysis, a time-lapse imaging-based image processing was conducted to eliminate the non-specific signals. To validate the applicability of the proposed immunoassay platform, quantification of acute cardiac infarction marker creatine kinase-MB was performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Ram Kim
- Department of Molecular Science & Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyeong Jin Chun
- Department of Molecular Science & Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyung Won Lee
- Department of Molecular Science & Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kwan Young Jeong
- Department of Molecular Science & Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae-Ho Kim
- Department of Molecular Science & Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyun C Yoon
- Department of Molecular Science & Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea.
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Chun HJ, Kim S, Han YD, Kim KR, Kim JH, Yoon H, Yoon HC. Salmonella Typhimurium Sensing Strategy Based on the Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Using Retroreflective Janus Particle as a Nonspectroscopic Signaling Probe. ACS Sens 2018; 3:2261-2268. [PMID: 30350587 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.8b00447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is a powerful gene amplification method, which has many advantages, including high specificity, sensitivity, and simple operation. However, quantitative analysis of the amplified target gene with the LAMP assay is very difficult. To overcome this limitation, we developed a novel biosensing platform for molecular diagnosis by integrating the LAMP method and retroreflective Janus particle (RJP) together. The final amplified products of the LAMP assay are dumbbell-shaped DNA structures, containing a single-stranded loop with two different sequences. Therefore, the concentration of the amplified products can be measured in a manner similar to the sandwich-type immunoassay. To carry out the sandwich-type molecular diagnostics using the LAMP product, two DNA probes, with complementary sequences to the loop-regions, were prepared and immobilized on both the sensing surface and the surface of the RJPs. When the amplified LAMP product was applied to the sensing surface, the surface-immobilized DNA probe hybridized to the loop-region of the LAMP product to form a double-stranded structure. When the DNA probe-conjugated RJPs were injected, the RJPs bound to the unreacted loop-region of the LAMP product. The number of RJPs bound to the loop-region of the LAMP product was proportional to the concentration of the amplified LAMP product, indicating that the concentration of the target gene can be quantitatively analyzed by counting the number of observed RJPs. Using the developed system, a highly sensitive and selective quantification of Salmonella was successfully performed with a detection limit of 102 CFU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeong Jin Chun
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, South Korea
| | - Seongok Kim
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, South Korea
| | - Yong Duk Han
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, South Korea
| | - Ka Ram Kim
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, South Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Kim
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, South Korea
| | - Hyunjin Yoon
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, South Korea
| | - Hyun C. Yoon
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, South Korea
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Chun HJ, Kim S, Han YD, Kim DW, Kim KR, Kim HS, Kim JH, Yoon HC. Water-soluble mercury ion sensing based on the thymine-Hg 2+-thymine base pair using retroreflective Janus particle as an optical signaling probe. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 104:138-144. [PMID: 29331427 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report an optical sensing platform for mercury ions (Hg2+) in water based on the integration of Hg2+-mediated thymine-thymine (T-T) stabilization, a biotinylated stem-loop DNA probe, and a streptavidin-modified retroreflective Janus particle (SA-RJP). Two oligonucleotide probes, including a stem-loop DNA probe and an assistant DNA probe, were utilized. In the absence of Hg2+, the assistant DNA probe does not hybridize with the stem-loop probe due to their T-T mismatch, so the surface-immobilized stem-loop DNA probe remains a closed hairpin structure. In the presence of Hg2+, the DNA forms a double-stranded structure with the loop region via Hg2+-mediated T-T stabilization. This DNA hybridization induces stretching of the stem-loop DNA probe, exposing biotin. To translate these Hg2+-mediated structural changes in DNA probe into measurable signal, SA-RJP, an optical signaling label, is applied to recognize the exposed biotin. The number of biospecifically bound SA-RJPs is proportional to the concentration of Hg2+, so that the concentration of Hg2+ can be quantitatively analyzed by counting the number of RJPs. Using the system, a highly selective and sensitive measurement of Hg2+ was accomplished with a limit of detection of 0.027nM. Considering the simplified optical instrumentation required for retroreflection-based RJP counting, RJP-assisted Hg2+ measurement can be accomplished in a much easier and inexpensive manner. Moreover, the detection of Hg2+ in real drinking water samples including tap and commercial bottled water was successfully carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeong Jin Chun
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 443749, South Korea
| | - Saemi Kim
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 443749, South Korea
| | - Yong Duk Han
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 443749, South Korea
| | - Dong Woo Kim
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 443749, South Korea
| | - Ka Ram Kim
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 443749, South Korea
| | - Hyo-Sop Kim
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 443749, South Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Kim
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 443749, South Korea
| | - Hyun C Yoon
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 443749, South Korea.
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Paterson AS, Raja B, Mandadi V, Townsend B, Lee M, Buell A, Vu B, Brgoch J, Willson RC. A low-cost smartphone-based platform for highly sensitive point-of-care testing with persistent luminescent phosphors. LAB ON A CHIP 2017; 17:1051-1059. [PMID: 28154873 PMCID: PMC5476460 DOI: 10.1039/c6lc01167e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Through their computational power and connectivity, smartphones are poised to rapidly expand telemedicine and transform healthcare by enabling better personal health monitoring and rapid diagnostics. Recently, a variety of platforms have been developed to enable smartphone-based point-of-care testing using imaging-based readout with the smartphone camera as the detector. Fluorescent reporters have been shown to improve the sensitivity of assays over colorimetric labels, but fluorescence readout necessitates incorporating optical hardware into the detection system, adding to the cost and complexity of the device. Here we present a simple, low-cost smartphone-based detection platform for highly sensitive luminescence imaging readout of point-of-care tests run with persistent luminescent phosphors as reporters. The extremely bright and long-lived emission of persistent phosphors allows sensitive analyte detection with a smartphone by a facile time-gated imaging strategy. Phosphors are first briefly excited with the phone's camera flash, followed by switching off the flash, and subsequent imaging of phosphor luminescence with the camera. Using this approach, we demonstrate detection of human chorionic gonadotropin using a lateral flow assay and the smartphone platform with strontium aluminate nanoparticles as reporters, giving a detection limit of ≈45 pg mL-1 (1.2 pM) in buffer. Time-gated imaging on a smartphone can be readily adapted for sensitive and potentially quantitative testing using other point-of-care formats, and is workable with a variety of persistent luminescent materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S Paterson
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, USA. and Luminostics, Inc., Houston, TX, USA
| | - Balakrishnan Raja
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, USA. and Luminostics, Inc., Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vinay Mandadi
- Luminostics, Inc., Houston, TX, USA and Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Houston, USA
| | | | | | - Alex Buell
- Department of Computer Science, University of Houston, USA
| | - Binh Vu
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, USA.
| | | | - Richard C Willson
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, USA. and Department of Biology & Biochemistry, University of Houston, USA and Centro de Biotecnología FEMSA, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Mexico
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