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Milić L, Zambry NS, Ibrahim FB, Petrović B, Kojić S, Thiha A, Joseph K, Jamaluddin NF, Stojanović GM. Advances in textile-based microfluidics for biomolecule sensing. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2024; 18:051502. [PMID: 39296324 PMCID: PMC11410389 DOI: 10.1063/5.0222244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024]
Abstract
Textile-based microfluidic biosensors represent an innovative fusion of various multidisciplinary fields, including bioelectronics, material sciences, and microfluidics. Their potential in biomedicine is significant as they leverage textiles to achieve high demands of biocompatibility with the human body and conform to the irregular surfaces of the body. In the field of microfluidics, fabric coated with hydrophobic materials serves as channels through which liquids are transferred in precise amounts to the sensing element, which in this case is a biosensor. This paper presents a condensed overview of the current developments in textile-based microfluidics and biosensors in biomedical applications over the past 20 years (2005-2024). A literature search was performed using the Scopus database. The fabrication techniques and materials used are discussed in this paper, as these will be key in various modifications and advancements in textile-based microfluidics. Furthermore, we also address the gaps in the application of textile-based microfluidic analytical devices in biomedicine and discuss the potential solutions. Advances in textile-based microfluidics are enabled by various printing and fabric manufacturing techniques, such as screen printing, embroidery, and weaving. Integration of these devices into everyday clothing holds promise for future vital sign monitoring, such as glucose, albumin, lactate, and ion levels, as well as early detection of hereditary diseases through gene detection. Although most testing currently takes place in a laboratory or controlled environment, this field is rapidly evolving and pushing the boundaries of biomedicine, improving the quality of human life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lazar Milić
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Trg D. Obradovica 6, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | | | | | - Bojan Petrović
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Trg D. Obradovica 6, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Sanja Kojić
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Trg D. Obradovica 6, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | | | | | - Nurul Fauzani Jamaluddin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Goran M Stojanović
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Trg D. Obradovica 6, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
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2
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Ardakani F, Hemmateenejad B. Pronounced effect of lamination on plasma separation from whole blood by microfluidic paper-based analytical devices. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1279:341767. [PMID: 37827667 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Many diseases are detected through blood tests. Currently, most blood tests are done on plasma instead of whole blood because of the interference of blood cells on detection results. Here, we developed a laminated microfluidic paper-based analytical device (L-μPAD) for the separation of plasma from whole blood without using plasma separation membrane (PSM). A lateral flow design consisting of a circular sampling zone and rectangular detection zone was patterned on the paper substrate using laser printing technology. The μPAD was then laminated after impregnation with KCl solution. Lamination and electrolyte addition represented synergistic effects on the separation by controlling the pore size of the paper. In addition, by preventing evaporation on one hand and squeezing paper pores on the other hand, lamination caused longer movement of the separated plasma, the longest plasma path reported so far. The separation process was monitored using colorimetric reagent bromocresol green and scanning electron microscopy. The process of separation was completed in less than 90s without significant hemolysis and the separated plasma was far from the interfering effect of red blood cells. We used the device for the determination of serum albumin. However, it represents the potential for point-of-care testing in multi-assay experiments too.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bahram Hemmateenejad
- Chemistry Department, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran; Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Hemmateenejad B, Rafatmah E, Shojaeifard Z. Microfluidic paper and thread-based separations: Chromatography and electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1704:464117. [PMID: 37300912 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Paper and thread are widely used as the substrates for fabricating low-cost, disposable, and portable microfluidic analytical devices used in clinical, environmental, and food safety monitoring. Concerning separation methods including chromatography and electrophoresis, these substrates provide unique platforms for developing portable devices. This review focuses on summarizing recent research on the miniaturization of the separation techniques using paper and thread. Preconcentration, purification, desalination, and separation of various analytes are achievable using electrophoresis and chromatography methods integrated with modified or unmodified paper/thread wicking channels. A variety of 2D and 3D designs of paper/thread platforms for zone electrophoresis, capillary electrophoresis, and modified/unmodified chromatography are discussed with emphasis on their limitation and improvements. The current progress in the signal amplification strategies such as isoelectric focusing, isotachophoresis, ion concentration polarization, isoelectric focusing, and stacking methods in paper-based devices are reviewed. Different strategies for chromatographic separations based on paper/thread will be explained. The separation of target species from complex samples and their determination by integration with other analytical methods like spectroscopy and electrochemistry are well-listed. Furthermore, the innovations for plasma and cell separation from blood as an important human biofluid are presented, and the related paper/thread modification methods are explored.
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Clemente F, Antonacci A, Giardi MT, Frisulli V, Tambaro FP, Scognamiglio V. Last Trends in Point-of-Care (POC) Diagnostics for the Management of Hematological Indices in Home Care Patients. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:345. [PMID: 36979557 PMCID: PMC10046198 DOI: 10.3390/bios13030345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Today, complete blood count (CBC) analyses are highly automated and allow for high throughput and accurate and reliable results. However, new analytical tools are in great demand to provide simple, rapid and cost-effective management of hematological indices in home care patients. Chronic disease monitoring at home has become a benefit for patients who are finding cost savings in programs designed to monitor/treat patients in offsite locations. This review reports the latest trends in point-of-care (POC) diagnostics useful for home testing of key hematological counts that may be affected during home therapy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Clemente
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Materials Technologies, Institute of Crystallography (IC-CNR), Via Salaria Km 29.300, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
- Institute of Crystallography (IC-CNR), Department of Chemical Sciences and Materials Technologies, URT Naples c/o Azienda Ospedialiera di Rilievo Nazionale (AORN) Santobono-Pausilipon Via Teresa Ravaschieri 8, 80112 Naples, Italy
| | - Amina Antonacci
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Materials Technologies, Institute of Crystallography (IC-CNR), Via Salaria Km 29.300, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Giardi
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Materials Technologies, Institute of Crystallography (IC-CNR), Via Salaria Km 29.300, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Valeria Frisulli
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Materials Technologies, Institute of Crystallography (IC-CNR), Via Salaria Km 29.300, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Francesco Paolo Tambaro
- Struttura Semplice Dipartimentale Trapianto di Midollo Osseo-Azienda Ospedialiera di Rilievo Nazionale (AORN), Santobono-Pausilipon, 80129 Napoli, Italy
| | - Viviana Scognamiglio
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Materials Technologies, Institute of Crystallography (IC-CNR), Via Salaria Km 29.300, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
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Chen L, Ghiasvand A, Paull B. Applications of thread-based microfluidics: Approaches and options for detection. Trends Analyt Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2023.117001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
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Ongaro AE, Ndlovu Z, Sollier E, Otieno C, Ondoa P, Street A, Kersaudy-Kerhoas M. Engineering a sustainable future for point-of-care diagnostics and single-use microfluidic devices. LAB ON A CHIP 2022; 22:3122-3137. [PMID: 35899603 PMCID: PMC9397368 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc00380e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Single-use, disposable, point-of-care diagnostic devices carry great promise for global health, including meeting urgent needs for testing and diagnosis in places with limited laboratory facilities. Unfortunately, the production and disposal of single-use devices, whether in lateral flow assay, cartridges, cassettes, or lab-on-chip microfluidic format, also poses significant challenges for environmental and human health. Point-of-care devices are commonly manufactured from unsustainable polymeric materials derived from fossil sources. Their disposal often necessitates incineration to reduce infection risk, thereby creating additional release of CO2. Many devices also contain toxic chemicals, such as cyanide derivatives, that are damaging to environmental and human health if not disposed of safely. Yet, in the absence of government regulatory frameworks, safe and sustainable waste management for these novel medical devices is often left unaddressed. There is an urgent need to find novel solutions to avert environmental and human harm from these devices, especially in low- and middle-income countries where waste management infrastructure is often weak and where the use of point-of-care tests is projected to rise in coming years. We review here common materials used in the manufacture of single-use point-of-care diagnostic tests, examine the risks they pose to environmental and human health, and investigate replacement materials that can potentially reduce the impact of microfluidic devices on the production of harmful waste. We propose solutions available to point-of-care test developers to start embedding sustainability at an early stage in their design, and to reduce their non-renewable plastic consumption in research and product development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zibusiso Ndlovu
- Medecins Sans Frontières (MSF), Southern Africa Medical Unit (SAMU), Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Collins Otieno
- African Society for Laboratory Medicine (ASLM), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Pascale Ondoa
- African Society for Laboratory Medicine (ASLM), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Alice Street
- School of Social and Political Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Maïwenn Kersaudy-Kerhoas
- School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK.
- Infection Medicine, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Chen L, Ghiasvand A, Lam SC, Rodriguez ES, Innis PC, Paull B. Thread-based isotachophoresis coupled with desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry for clean-up, preconcentration, and determination of alkaloids in biological fluids. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1193:338810. [PMID: 35058003 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
A thread-based isotachophoresis method coupled with desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (TB-ITP-DESI-MS) was developed and applied for clean-up, preconcentration, and determination of alkaloids in biological fluids. This simple approach enables the focusing and rapid analysis of analytes of interest in complex matrices that are otherwise challenging using direct ambient mass spectrometry. The TB-ITP platform components were rapidly and reproducibly fabricated at low-cost using 3D printing. A single string of nylon 6 thread was used as the electrophoresis substrate and a cotton knot, tied to the nylon thread, was used as the trapping zone of the ITP focused model analytes (coptisine, berberine and palmatine). The trapping efficiency was evaluated upon different commercially available threads with different chemical properties and cotton was selected as the best material due to its highest trapping efficiency and subsequent DESI-MS ionization efficiency. Up to 11.6-fold increase in signal to noise ratio (S/N) was obtained using the proposed method compared to direct DESI-MS detection, due to the reduced matrix interference and focusing. The results demonstrated that the TB-ITP-DESI-MS approach is a viable solution for the analysis of complicated biological fluid samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, 7001, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Sciences (ACES), School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia
| | - Alireza Ghiasvand
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, 7001, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Sciences (ACES), School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia
| | - Shing Chung Lam
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, 7001, Australia
| | - Estrella Sanz Rodriguez
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, 7001, Australia
| | - Peter C Innis
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Brett Paull
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, 7001, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Sciences (ACES), School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia.
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8
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Verma N, Kulkarni R, Pandya A. Microfluidic tools for veterinary and zoonotic disease diagnostics. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2022; 187:281-293. [PMID: 35094778 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2021.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Animal disease diagnostics has linked as the cause and cure of any disease. It also plays a vital role in disease management and prevention. A small outbreak of disease can pose a threat to the entire animal community as we realized in corona pandemic. Thus, to ensure the overall welfare of animals and disease spread monitoring, the development of detection tools for veterinary diagnosis becomes essential. Currently, the animal disease diagnosis is relied on laboratory-based testing. There is a parallel necessity for rapid, reliable and low-cost diagnostic tests to be done by intervention of growing area such as microfluidic platform. Therefore, in this chapter, we have discussed about various microfluidic platform and their application for early diagnosis of veterinary disease. Followed by, we also lightened on future perspective of role of microfluidic in animal disease diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Verma
- Department of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Rutuparna Kulkarni
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Alok Pandya
- Department of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India.
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Prabowo BA, Fernandes E, Freitas P. A pump-free microfluidic device for fast magnetic labeling of ischemic stroke biomarkers. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:2571-2583. [PMID: 35088131 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-03915-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
This research proposes a low-cost and simple operation microfluidic chip to enhance the magnetic labeling efficiency of two ischemic stroke biomarkers: cellular fibronectin (c-Fn) and matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9). This fully portable and pump-free microfluidic chip is operated based on capillary attractions without any external power source and battery. It uses an integrated cellulose sponge to absorb the samples. At the same time, a magnetic field is aligned to hold the target labeled by the magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in the pre-concentrated chamber. By using this approach, the specific targets are labeled from the beginning of the sampling process without preliminary sample purification. The proposed study enhanced the labeling efficiency from 1 h to 15 min. The dynamic interactions occur in the serpentine channel, while the crescent formation of MNPs in the pre-concentrated chamber, acting as a magnetic filter, improves the biomarker-MNP interaction. The labeling optimization by the proposed device influences the dynamic range by optimizing the MNP ratio to fit the linear range across the clinical cutoff value. The limits of detection (LODs) of 2.8 ng/mL and 54.6 ng/mL of c-Fn measurement were achieved for undiluted and four times dilutions of MNP, respectively. While for MMP9, the LODs were 11.5 ng/mL for undiluted functionalized MNP and 132 ng/mL for four times dilutions of functionalized MNP. The results highlight the potential use of this device for clinical sample preparation and specific magnetic target labeling. When combined with a detection system, it could also be used as an integrated component of a point-of-care platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Briliant Adhi Prabowo
- INL - International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga, s/n 4715-330, Braga, Portugal
| | - Elisabete Fernandes
- INL - International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga, s/n 4715-330, Braga, Portugal.
| | - Paulo Freitas
- INL - International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga, s/n 4715-330, Braga, Portugal.
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10
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Chen X, Zhang S, Gan Y, Liu R, Wang RQ, Du K. Understanding microbeads stacking in deformable Nano-Sieve for Efficient plasma separation and blood cell retrieval. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 606:1609-1616. [PMID: 34500162 PMCID: PMC8572169 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.08.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Efficient separation of blood cells and plasma is key for numerous molecular diagnosis and therapeutics applications. Despite various microfluidics-based separation strategies having been developed, there is still a need for a simple, reliable, and multiplexing separation device that can process a large volume of blood. Here we show a microbead-packed deformable microfluidic system that can efficiently separate highly purified plasma from whole blood, as well as retrieve blocked blood cells from the device. To support and rationalize the experimental validation of the proposed device, a highly accurate model is constructed to help understand the link between the mechanical properties of the microfluidics, flow rate, and microbeads packing/leaking based on the microscope imaging and the optical coherence tomography (OCT) scanning. This deformable nano-sieve device is expected to offer a new solution for centrifuge-free diagnosis and treatment of bloodborne diseases and contribute to the design of next-generation deformable microfluidics for separation applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinye Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, United States, Department of Microsystems Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, United States
| | - Shuhuan Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, United States
| | - Yu Gan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35401 United States
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, United States
| | - Ruo-Qian Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, NJ 08854 USA, Corresponding authors ;
| | - Ke Du
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, United States, Department of Microsystems Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, United States, Chemistry and Materials Science, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, United States, Corresponding authors ;
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Agustini D, Caetano FR, Quero RF, Fracassi da Silva JA, Bergamini MF, Marcolino-Junior LH, de Jesus DP. Microfluidic devices based on textile threads for analytical applications: state of the art and prospects. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:4830-4857. [PMID: 34647544 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay01337h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic devices based on textile threads have interesting advantages when compared to systems made with traditional materials, such as polymers and inorganic substrates (especially silicon and glass). One of these significant advantages is the device fabrication process, made more cheap and simple, with little or no microfabrication apparatus. This review describes the fundamentals, applications, challenges, and prospects of microfluidic devices fabricated with textile threads. A wide range of applications is discussed, integrated with several analysis methods, such as electrochemical, colorimetric, electrophoretic, chromatographic, and fluorescence. Additionally, the integration of these devices with different substrates (e.g., 3D printed components or fabrics), other devices (e.g., smartphones), and microelectronics is described. These combinations have allowed the construction of fully portable devices and consequently the development of point-of-care and wearable analytical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deonir Agustini
- Laboratory of Electrochemical Sensors (LABSENSE), Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | - Fábio Roberto Caetano
- Laboratory of Electrochemical Sensors (LABSENSE), Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | - Reverson Fernandes Quero
- Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, SP, 13083-861, Brazil.
| | - José Alberto Fracassi da Silva
- Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, SP, 13083-861, Brazil.
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Bioanalítica (INCTBio), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Márcio Fernando Bergamini
- Laboratory of Electrochemical Sensors (LABSENSE), Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | | | - Dosil Pereira de Jesus
- Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, SP, 13083-861, Brazil.
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Bioanalítica (INCTBio), Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Jiang N, Tansukawat ND, Gonzalez-Macia L, Ates HC, Dincer C, Güder F, Tasoglu S, Yetisen AK. Low-Cost Optical Assays for Point-of-Care Diagnosis in Resource-Limited Settings. ACS Sens 2021; 6:2108-2124. [PMID: 34076428 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c00669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Readily deployable, low-cost point-of-care medical devices such as lateral flow assays (LFAs), microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs), and microfluidic thread-based analytical devices (μTADs) are urgently needed in resource-poor settings. Governed by the ASSURED criteria (affordable, sensitive, specific, user-friendly, rapid and robust, equipment-free, and deliverability) set by the World Health Organization, these reliable platforms can screen a myriad of chemical and biological analytes including viruses, bacteria, proteins, electrolytes, and narcotics. The Ebola epidemic in 2014 and the ongoing pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 have exemplified the ever-increasing importance of timely diagnostics to limit the spread of diseases. This review provides a comprehensive survey of LFAs, μPADs, and μTADs that can be deployed in resource-limited settings. The subsequent commercialization of these technologies will benefit the public health, especially in areas where access to healthcare is limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Jiang
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Natha Dean Tansukawat
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Gonzalez-Macia
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - H. Ceren Ates
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT), University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79110, Germany
- Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), Laboratory for Sensors, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79110, Germany
| | - Can Dincer
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT), University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79110, Germany
- Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), Laboratory for Sensors, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79110, Germany
| | - Firat Güder
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Savas Tasoglu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Koc University, Sariyer, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Ali K. Yetisen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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A review on advances in methods for modification of paper supports for use in point-of-care testing. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:521. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3626-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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14
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Real time monitoring of glucose in whole blood by smartphone. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 136:47-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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15
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Weng X, Kang Y, Guo Q, Peng B, Jiang H. Recent advances in thread-based microfluidics for diagnostic applications. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 132:171-185. [PMID: 30875629 PMCID: PMC7127036 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decades, researchers have been seeking attractive substrate materials to keep microfluidics improving to outbalance the drawbacks and issues. Cellulose substrates, including thread, paper and hydrogels are alternatives due to their distinct structural and mechanical properties for a number of applications. Thread have gained considerable attention and become promising powerful tool due to its advantages over paper-based systems thus finds numerous applications in the development of diagnostic systems, smart bandages and tissue engineering. To the best of our knowledge, no comprehensive review articles on the topic of thread-based microfluidics have been published and it is of significance for many scientific communities working on Microfluidics, Biosensors and Lab-on-Chip. This review gives an overview of the advances of thread-based microfluidic diagnostic devices in a variety of applications. It begins with an overall introduction of the fabrication followed by an in-depth review on the detection techniques in such devices and various applications with respect to effort and performance to date. A few perspective directions of thread-based microfluidics in its development are also discussed. Thread-based microfluidics are still at an early development stage and further improvements in terms of fabrication, analytical strategies, and function to become low-cost, low-volume and easy-to-use point-of-care (POC) diagnostic devices that can be adapted or commercialized for real world applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Weng
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China
| | - Yuejun Kang
- Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials, Faculty of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Qian Guo
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China
| | - Bei Peng
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China
| | - Hai Jiang
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China.
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16
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Farajikhah S, Cabot JM, Innis PC, Paull B, Wallace G. Life-Saving Threads: Advances in Textile-Based Analytical Devices. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2019; 21:229-240. [PMID: 30640423 DOI: 10.1021/acscombsci.8b00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Novel approaches that incorporate electrofluidic and microfluidic technologies are reviewed to illustrate the translation of traditional enclosed structures into open and accessible textile based platforms. Through the utilization of on-fiber and on-textile microfluidics, it is possible to invert the typical enclosed capillary column or microfluidic "chip" platform, to achieve surface accessible efficient separations and fluid handling, while maintaining a microfluidic environment. The open fiber/textile based fluidics approach immediately provides new possibilities to interrogate, manipulate, redirect, extract, characterize, and quantify solutes and target species at any point in time during such processes as on-fiber electrodriven separations. This approach is revolutionary in its simplicity and provides many potential advantages not otherwise afforded by the more traditional enclosed platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syamak Farajikhah
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Electromaterials Science (ACES), AIIM Facility, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, New South Wales 2500, Australia
| | - Joan M. Cabot
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS) and ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES), School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Tasmania 7005, Australia
| | - Peter C. Innis
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Electromaterials Science (ACES), AIIM Facility, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, New South Wales 2500, Australia
- Australian National Fabrication Facility − Materials Node, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - Brett Paull
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS) and ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES), School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Tasmania 7005, Australia
| | - Gordon Wallace
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Electromaterials Science (ACES), AIIM Facility, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, New South Wales 2500, Australia
- Australian National Fabrication Facility − Materials Node, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
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17
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Liu CH, Chen CA, Chen SJ, Tsai TT, Chu CC, Chang CC, Chen CF. Blood Plasma Separation Using a Fidget-Spinner. Anal Chem 2018; 91:1247-1253. [PMID: 30537809 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b04860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we present a simple, hand-powered, and electricity-free centrifuge platform based on a commercially available "fidget-spinner." The centrifugal force provided by this inexpensive and easy-to-use toy is sufficient to separate whole blood, producing a plasma yield rate and purity of 30% and 99%, respectively, separated in as little as 4-7 min. We verified the separated plasma by performing a paper-based HIV-1 p24 capsid protein enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, which achieved a recovery rate of up to 98%, indicating the plasma features extremely low matrix interference effects. These results demonstrate the reliability of the platform for practical use, in addition to greatly reducing the overall cost and time of analysis while retaining detection precision, making it suitable for medical applications in resource-limited regions of the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Hsuan Liu
- Institute of Applied Mechanics , National Taiwan University , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Chung-An Chen
- Institute of Applied Mechanics , National Taiwan University , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Shi-Jia Chen
- Institute of Applied Mechanics , National Taiwan University , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Ting Tsai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Bone and Joint Research Center , Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine , Taoyuan , Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chou Chu
- Institute of Applied Mechanics , National Taiwan University , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Chien-Cheng Chang
- Institute of Applied Mechanics , National Taiwan University , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Chien-Fu Chen
- Institute of Applied Mechanics , National Taiwan University , Taipei , Taiwan
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18
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Agustini D, Fedalto L, Bergamini MF, Marcolino-Junior LH. Microfluidic thread based electroanalytical system for green chromatographic separations. LAB ON A CHIP 2018; 18:670-678. [PMID: 29372195 DOI: 10.1039/c7lc01267e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The use of miniaturized chromatographic systems is an important strategy for reducing the consumption of supplies related to separations, allowing the development of more sustainable analytical methodologies. However, the high cost and complexity in the production of these systems combined with the operational difficulties and the need for the use of solvent and sample pretreatment are challenges to be overcome in order to make the chromatographic methods greener. Here, we report the construction and development of a low cost microfluidic system for green and solvent-free chromatographic separations with electrochemical detection integrated into cotton threads without the use of any mechanical pumping to transport the solutions. The manufacture of the proposed system was performed by simple assembly of the components, with the separation of the species based on an ion exchange mechanism and detection using gold electrodes manufactured directly on the cotton threads. A linear range of 0.025-5.0 mM was obtained for the effective separation of ascorbic acid (AA) and dopamine (DA) with detection limits of 2.89 μM (for AA) and 4.41 μM (for DA). Each analysis was performed at a low cost (less than 0.01 dollars), and with a small volume of waste generated (107.1 μL). So, the proposed system was successfully employed to determine the levels of AA and DA present in the tears of healthy volunteers without sample pretreatment, indicating the good analytical performance of the system and the possibility of performing greener chromatographic separations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deonir Agustini
- Laboratório de Sensores Eletroquímicos (LabSensE), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), CEP 81.531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
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19
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Cabot JM, Breadmore MC, Paull B. Thread based electrofluidic platform for direct metabolite analysis in complex samples. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1000:283-292. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Agustini D, Bergamini MF, Marcolino-Junior LH. Tear glucose detection combining microfluidic thread based device, amperometric biosensor and microflow injection analysis. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 98:161-167. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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21
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Rilda Y, Safitri R, Agustien A, Nazir N, Syafiuddin A, Nur H. Enhancement of Antibacterial Capability of Cotton Textiles Coated with TiO2
-SiO2
/Chitosan Using Hydrophobization. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201700165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yetria Rilda
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences; Andalas University; Indonesia
| | - Reza Safitri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences; Andalas University; Indonesia
| | - Anthoni Agustien
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences; Andalas University; Indonesia
| | - Nasril Nazir
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences; Andalas University; Indonesia
| | - Achmad Syafiuddin
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia; Malaysia
| | - Hadi Nur
- Centre For Sustainable Nanomaterials, Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia; Malaysia
- Central Laboratory of Minerals and Advanced Materials, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences; State University of Malang; Indonesia
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22
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Bipolar electrochemiluminescence on thread: A new class of electroanalytical sensors. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 94:335-343. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 02/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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23
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Hu SW, Qiao S, Xu BY, Peng X, Xu JJ, Chen HY. Dual-Functional Carbon Dots Pattern on Paper Chips for Fe3+ and Ferritin Analysis in Whole Blood. Anal Chem 2017; 89:2131-2137. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Wen Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Life Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of
Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shu Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Life Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of
Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bi-Yi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Life Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of
Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiang Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Life Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of
Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing-Juan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Life Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of
Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong-Yuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Life Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of
Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People’s Republic of China
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24
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Agustini D, Bergamini MF, Marcolino-Junior LH. Characterization and optimization of low cost microfluidic thread based electroanalytical device for micro flow injection analysis. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 951:108-115. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.11.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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25
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Mielczarek WS, Obaje EA, Bachmann TT, Kersaudy-Kerhoas M. Microfluidic blood plasma separation for medical diagnostics: is it worth it? LAB ON A CHIP 2016; 16:3441-8. [PMID: 27502438 DOI: 10.1039/c6lc00833j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Circulating biomarkers are on the verge of becoming powerful diagnostic tools for various human diseases. However, the complex sample composition makes it difficult to detect biomarkers directly from blood at the bench or at the point-of-care. Blood cells are often a source of variability of the biomarker signal. While the interference of hemoglobin is a long known source of variability, the release of nucleic acids and other cellular components from hemocytes is a new concern for measurement and detection of circulating extracellular markers. Research into miniaturised blood plasma separation has been thriving in the last 10 years (2006-2016). Most point-of-care systems need microscale blood plasma separation, but developed solutions differ in complexity and sample volume range. But could blood plasma separation be avoided completely? This focused review weights the advantages and limits of miniaturised blood plasma separation and highlights the most interesting advances in direct capture as well as smart blood plasma separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- W S Mielczarek
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK.
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