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Grodzicka M, Michlewska S, Blasiak J, Ortega P, de la Mata FJ, Bryszewska M, Ionov M. Polyphenolic dendrimers as carriers of anticancer siRNA. Int J Pharm 2024; 658:124199. [PMID: 38703928 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Dendrimers have emerged as an important group of nanoparticles to transport drugs, DNA, or RNA into target cells in cancer and other diseases. Various functional modifications can be imposed on dendrimers to increase the efficacy and specificity in delivering their cargo to the target cells and decrease their toxicity. In the present work, we evaluated the potential of carbosilane polyphenolic dendrimers modified with caffeic acid (CA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) to deliver proapoptotic Mcl-1 and Bcl-2 siRNAs to A549 cancer cells. Dendrimers formed stable complexes with siRNAs as assessed by transmission electron microscopy and gel electrophoresis. Modification of dendrimers with PEG reduced the size and the zeta potential of dendrimer/siRNA complexes. The presence of PEG caused a red shift of the CD spectrum, and this effect was the more pronounced, the higher the dendrimer/siRNA ratio was. The nanocomplexes were internalized by A549. All studied dendrimer/siRNA formulations inhibited tumor cell migration and adhesion and caused an increase in the population of early apoptotic cells. Among four tested dendrimers, the polyphenolic compound containing two caffeic acid moieties complexed with siRNA demonstrated the lowest polydispersity index and showed an excellent transfection profile. In conclusion, this dendrimer are a promising candidate for the delivery of siRNA into cancer cells in further in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marika Grodzicka
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of General Biophysics, Pomorska St. 141/143, Lodz 90-236, Poland; The Bio-Med-Chem Doctoral School of the University of Lodz and Lodz Institutes of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Matejki St. 21/23, Lodz 90-237, Poland; University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Laboratory of Microscopic Imaging and Specialized Biological Techniques, Banacha St. 12/16, Lodz 90-237, Poland
| | - Sylwia Michlewska
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Laboratory of Microscopic Imaging and Specialized Biological Techniques, Banacha St. 12/16, Lodz 90-237, Poland.
| | - Janusz Blasiak
- Mazovian Academy in Plock, Collegium Medicum, Faculty of Medicine, Pl. Dabrowskiego 2, 09-402 Plock, Poland
| | - Paula Ortega
- Universidad de Alcalá. Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, and Research Institute in Chemistry "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR), Spain, and Instituto Ramon y Cajal de Investigacion Sanitaria, IRYCIS, Colmenar Viejo Road, Km 9, 100, 28034 Madrid, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain
| | - Francisco Javier de la Mata
- Universidad de Alcalá. Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, and Research Institute in Chemistry "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR), Spain, and Instituto Ramon y Cajal de Investigacion Sanitaria, IRYCIS, Colmenar Viejo Road, Km 9, 100, 28034 Madrid, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain
| | - Maria Bryszewska
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of General Biophysics, Pomorska St. 141/143, Lodz 90-236, Poland
| | - Maksim Ionov
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of General Biophysics, Pomorska St. 141/143, Lodz 90-236, Poland; Mazovian Academy in Plock, Collegium Medicum, Faculty of Medicine, Pl. Dabrowskiego 2, 09-402 Plock, Poland
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Sharma S, Mahajan SD, Chevli K, Schwartz SA, Aalinkeel R. Nanotherapeutic Approach to Delivery of Chemo- and Gene Therapy for Organ-Confined and Advanced Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst 2023; 40:69-100. [PMID: 37075068 PMCID: PMC11007628 DOI: 10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.2022043827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Treatments for late-stage prostate cancer (CaP) have not been very successful. Frequently, advanced CaP progresses to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), with 50#37;-70% of patients developing bone metastases. CaP with bone metastasis-associated clinical complications and treatment resistance presents major clinical challenges. Recent advances in the formulation of clinically applicable nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted attention in the fields of medicine and pharmacology with applications to cancer and infectious and neurological diseases. NPs have been rendered biocompatible, pose little to no toxicity to healthy cells and tissues, and are engineered to carry large therapeutic payloads, including chemo- and genetic therapies. Additionally, if required, targeting specificity can be achieved by chemically coupling aptamers, unique peptide ligands, or monoclonal antibodies to the surface of NPs. Encapsulating toxic drugs within NPs and delivering them specifically to their cellular targets overcomes the problem of systemic toxicity. Encapsulating highly labile genetic therapeutics such as RNA within NPs provides a protective environment for the payload during parenteral administration. The loading efficiencies of NPs have been maximized while the controlled their therapeutic cargos has been released. Theranostic ("treat and see") NPs have developed combining therapy with imaging capabilities to provide real-time, image-guided monitoring of the delivery of their therapeutic payloads. All of these NP accomplishments have been applied to the nanotherapy of late-stage CaP, offering a new opportunity for a previously dismal prognosis. This article gives an update on current developments in the use of nanotechnology for treating late-stage, castration-resistant CaP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish Sharma
- Department of Urology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY
| | - Supriya D. Mahajan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY
| | - Kent Chevli
- Department of Urology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY
| | - Stanley A. Schwartz
- Department of Urology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY
| | - Ravikumar Aalinkeel
- Department of Urology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY
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Johnson RP, Ratnacaram CK, Kumar L, Jose J. Combinatorial approaches of nanotherapeutics for inflammatory pathway targeted therapy of prostate cancer. Drug Resist Updat 2022; 64:100865. [PMID: 36099796 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2022.100865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is the most prevalent male urogenital cancer worldwide. PC patients presenting an advanced or metastatic cancer succumb to the disease, even after therapeutic interventions including radiotherapy, surgery, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), and chemotherapy. One of the hallmarks of PC is evading immune surveillance and chronic inflammation, which is a major challenge towards designing effective therapeutic formulations against PC. Chronic inflammation in PC is often characterized by tumor microenvironment alterations, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and extracellular matrix modifications. The inflammatory events are modulated by reactive nitrogen and oxygen species, inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Major signaling pathways in PC includes androgen receptor, PI3K and NF-κB pathways and targeting these inter-linked pathways poses a major therapeutic challenge. Notably, many conventional treatments are clinically unsuccessful, due to lack of targetability and poor bioavailability of the therapeutics, untoward toxicity and multidrug resistance. The past decade witnessed an advancement of nanotechnology as an excellent therapeutic paradigm for PC therapy. Modern nanovectorization strategies such as stimuli-responsive and active PC targeting carriers offer controlled release patterns and superior anti-cancer effects. The current review initially describes the classification, inflammatory triggers and major inflammatory pathways of PC, various PC treatment strategies and their limitations. Subsequently, recent advancement in combinatorial nanotherapeutic approaches, which target PC inflammatory pathways, and the mechanism of action are discussed. Besides, the current clinical status and prospects of PC homing nanovectorization, and major challenges to be addressed towards the advancement PC therapy are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjith P Johnson
- Polymer Nanobiomaterial Research Laboratory, Nanoscience and Microfluidics Division, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka 575018, India
| | - Chandrahas Koumar Ratnacaram
- Cell Signaling and Cancer Biology Division, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka 575018, India
| | - Lalit Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Udupi, Karnataka 576 104, India
| | - Jobin Jose
- NITTE Deemed-to-be University, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics, Mangalore 575018, India.
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Synthesis and Activity of Ionic Antioxidant-Functionalized PAMAMs and PPIs Dendrimers. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14173513. [PMID: 36080588 PMCID: PMC9459880 DOI: 10.3390/polym14173513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
For this study, new dendrimers were prepared from poly(propylene imine) (PPI) and polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers using an efficient acid-base reaction with various phenolic acids. The syntheses were also optimized in both microwave and microfluidic reactors. These ionic and hydrophilic dendrimers were fully characterized and showed excellent antioxidant properties. Their cytotoxic properties have been also determined in the case of fibroblast dermal cells.
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Sanz Del Olmo N, García JC, Gómez R, de la Mata FJ, Ortega P. Heterofunctional carbosilane polyphenolic dendrons: new antioxidants platforms. RSC Adv 2022; 12:10280-10288. [PMID: 35424993 PMCID: PMC8972098 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08224h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a critical role in different human pathophysiological processes. ROS, together with nitrogen reactive species, generated as by-products of cellular metabolism or external factors, affects intracellular redox homeostasis. Redox-active groups found in proteins and other compounds such as polyphenols are involved in maintaining intracellular redox homeostasis. In this work, a new family of heterofunctional first-generation carbosilane dendrons functionalised with different polyphenols at the focal point and dimethylammonium groups at the periphery has been obtained through two synthetic strategies: reductive amination and straightforward amidation reaction. Their antioxidant activity has been evaluated through two spectrophotometric methods: ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay and 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay to establish a correlation between the number of hydroxyl groups and the antioxidant activity. Combination of carbosilane dendritic structures and polyphenol to obtain new scavenging systems.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Sanz Del Olmo
- Universidad de Alcalá, Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Research Institute in Chemistry "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR), Instituto de investigación sanitaria Ramón y Cajal (IRyCIS) 28871 Alcalá de Henares Madrid Spain .,Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain and Institute "Ramón y Cajal" for Health Research (IRYCIS) Spain
| | - Juan Carlos García
- University of Alcala. Department of Biology of Systems, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit Madrid Spain
| | - Rafael Gómez
- Universidad de Alcalá, Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Research Institute in Chemistry "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR), Instituto de investigación sanitaria Ramón y Cajal (IRyCIS) 28871 Alcalá de Henares Madrid Spain .,Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain and Institute "Ramón y Cajal" for Health Research (IRYCIS) Spain
| | - F Javier de la Mata
- Universidad de Alcalá, Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Research Institute in Chemistry "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR), Instituto de investigación sanitaria Ramón y Cajal (IRyCIS) 28871 Alcalá de Henares Madrid Spain .,Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain and Institute "Ramón y Cajal" for Health Research (IRYCIS) Spain
| | - Paula Ortega
- Universidad de Alcalá, Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Research Institute in Chemistry "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR), Instituto de investigación sanitaria Ramón y Cajal (IRyCIS) 28871 Alcalá de Henares Madrid Spain .,Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain and Institute "Ramón y Cajal" for Health Research (IRYCIS) Spain
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Antioxidant and Antibacterial Properties of Carbosilane Dendrimers Functionalized with Polyphenolic Moieties. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12080698. [PMID: 32722069 PMCID: PMC7464503 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12080698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A new family of polyphenolic carbosilane dendrimers functionalized with ferulic, caffeic, and gallic acids has been obtained through a straightforward amidation reaction. Their antioxidant activity has been studied by different techniques such as DPPH (2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay, FRAP assay (ferric reducing antioxidant power), and cyclic voltammetry. The antioxidant analysis showed that polyphenolic dendrimers exhibited higher activities than free polyphenols in all cases. The first-generation dendrimer decorated with gallic acid stood out as the best antioxidant compound, displaying a correlation between the number of hydroxyl groups in the polyphenol structure and the antioxidant activity of the compounds. Moreover, the antibacterial capacity of these new systems has been screened against Gram-positive (+) and Gram-negative (−) bacteria, and we observed that polyphenolic dendrimers functionalized with caffeic and gallic acids were capable of decreasing bacterial growth. In contrast, ferulic carbosilane dendrimers and free polyphenols showed no effect, establishing a correlation between antioxidant activity and antibacterial capacity. Finally, a viability assay in human skin fibroblasts cells (HFF-1) allowed for corroborating the nontoxicity of the polyphenolic dendrimers at their active antibacterial concentration.
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Lozano-Cruz T, Gómez R, de la Mata FJ, Ortega P. New bow-tie cationic carbosilane dendritic system with a curcumin core as an anti-breast cancer agent. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj01713a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A water soluble “bow-tie” cationic carbosilane dendrimer with curcumin in the core displays antioxidant and antitumoral activities against breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Lozano-Cruz
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica. Instituto de Investigación Química “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR)
- Universidad de Alcalá
- Campus Universitario
- E-28871 Alcalá de Henares
- Spain
| | - Rafael Gómez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica. Instituto de Investigación Química “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR)
- Universidad de Alcalá
- Campus Universitario
- E-28871 Alcalá de Henares
- Spain
| | - F. Javier de la Mata
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica. Instituto de Investigación Química “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR)
- Universidad de Alcalá
- Campus Universitario
- E-28871 Alcalá de Henares
- Spain
| | - Paula Ortega
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica. Instituto de Investigación Química “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR)
- Universidad de Alcalá
- Campus Universitario
- E-28871 Alcalá de Henares
- Spain
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Quintana S, García MÁ, Marina ML, Gómez R, de la Mata FJ, Ortega P. Synthesis of chiral carbosilane dendrimers with l -cysteine and N -acetyl- l -cysteine on their surface and their application as chiral selectors for enantiomer separation by capillary electrophoresis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2017.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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