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Gunasingam G, He R, Taladriz-Blanco P, Balog S, Petri-Fink A, Rothen-Rutishauser B. Combining analytical techniques to assess the translocation of diesel particles across an alveolar tissue barrier in vitro. Part Fibre Toxicol 2024; 21:26. [PMID: 38778339 PMCID: PMC11110323 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-024-00585-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During inhalation, airborne particles such as particulate matter ≤ 2.5 μm (PM2.5), can deposit and accumulate on the alveolar epithelial tissue. In vivo studies have shown that fractions of PM2.5 can cross the alveolar epithelium to blood circulation, reaching secondary organs beyond the lungs. However, approaches to quantify the translocation of particles across the alveolar epithelium in vivo and in vitro are still not well established. In this study, methods to assess the translocation of standard diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) across permeable polyethylene terephthalate (PET) inserts at 0.4, 1, and 3 μm pore sizes were first optimized with transmission electron microscopy (TEM), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-VIS), and lock-in thermography (LIT), which were then applied to study the translocation of DEPs across human alveolar epithelial type II (A549) cells. A549 cells that grew on the membrane (pore size: 3 μm) in inserts were exposed to DEPs at different concentrations from 0 to 80 µg.mL- 1 ( 0 to 44 µg.cm- 2) for 24 h. After exposure, the basal fraction was collected and then analyzed by combining qualitative (TEM) and quantitative (UV-VIS and LIT) techniques to assess the translocated fraction of the DEPs across the alveolar epithelium in vitro. RESULTS We could detect the translocated fraction of DEPs across the PET membranes with 3 μm pore sizes and without cells by TEM analysis, and determine the percentage of translocation at approximatively 37% by UV-VIS (LOD: 1.92 µg.mL- 1) and 75% by LIT (LOD: 0.20 µg.cm- 2). In the presence of cells, the percentage of DEPs translocation across the alveolar tissue was determined around 1% at 20 and 40 µg.mL- 1 (11 and 22 µg.cm- 2), and no particles were detected at higher and lower concentrations. Interestingly, simultaneous exposure of A549 cells to DEPs and EDTA can increase the translocation of DEPs in the basal fraction. CONCLUSION We propose a combination of analytical techniques to assess the translocation of DEPs across lung tissues. Our results reveal a low percentage of translocation of DEPs across alveolar epithelial tissue in vitro and they correspond to in vivo findings. The combination approach can be applied to any traffic-generated particles, thus enabling us to understand their involvement in public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gowsinth Gunasingam
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, Fribourg, 1700, Switzerland
| | - Ruiwen He
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, Fribourg, 1700, Switzerland
| | - Patricia Taladriz-Blanco
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, Fribourg, 1700, Switzerland
| | - Sandor Balog
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, Fribourg, 1700, Switzerland
| | - Alke Petri-Fink
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, Fribourg, 1700, Switzerland
- Chemistry Department, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 8, Fribourg, 1700, Switzerland
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Maghari S, Reimhult E, Ghezellou P, Ghassempour A. Modifying superparamagnetic iron oxide and silica nanoparticles surfaces for efficient (MA)LDI-MS analyses of peptides and proteins. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2022; 36:e9212. [PMID: 34661948 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Surface functionalization is considered to be the foundation for developing nanomaterial applications in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) analyses. However, the surface properties of nanostructures can influence their interaction with the analyte and consequently the mass data. In the present study, functionalized nanoparticles (NPs) were used for MALDI-MS and laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS) experiments in order to evaluate the effect of the surface properties of NPs on tailoring the intensity of mass signals. METHODS Regarding the LDI-MS analyses, the surface of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) was coated with nitrosonium tetrafluoroborate, citric acid, nitrodopamine, and gallic acid. Additionally, the SPIONs were applied as a matrix to analyze three small peptides. In the MALDI-MS analyses, silica NPs were selected as co-matrix and functionalized with cysteine, sulfobetaine, and amine alkoxysilanes. Then, the silica NPs were utilized as additives in the MALDI-MS samples of four proteins in a mass range between ~2000 and 60,000 Da. RESULTS The results of LDI-MS analyses demonstrated more than one order enhancement in the signal intensity of analytes based on the amount of electrostatic interaction and laser energy absorption by the surface ligands. However, those of MALDI-MS experiments indicated a significant signal improvement when achieving the colloidal stability of silica NPs in the matrix solution. CONCLUSIONS Based on the results, the surface properties of NPs affected the (MA)LDI-MS analyses indispensably. Finally, the functionalization of SPIONs represented a new model for the future development of NPs with both affinity and enhanced ionization abilities in mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shokoofeh Maghari
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Erik Reimhult
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute for Biologically Inspired Materials, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Parviz Ghezellou
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
| | - Alireza Ghassempour
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
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Steinmetz L, Geers C, Balog S, Bonmarin M, Rodriguez-Lorenzo L, Taladriz-Blanco P, Rothen-Rutishauser B, Petri-Fink A. A comparative study of silver nanoparticle dissolution under physiological conditions. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:5760-5768. [PMID: 36133890 PMCID: PMC9417474 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00733a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Upon dissolution of silver nanoparticles, silver ions are released into the environment, which are known to induce adverse effects. However, since dissolution studies are predominantly performed in water and/or at room temperature, the effects of biological media and physiologically relevant temperature on the dissolution rate are not considered. Here, we investigate silver nanoparticle dissolution trends based on their plasmonic properties under biologically relevant conditions, i.e. in biological media at 37 °C over a period of 24 h. The studied nanoparticles, surface-functionalized with polyvinylpyrrolidone, beta-cyclodextrin/polyvinylpyrrolidone, and starch/polyvinylpyrrolidone, were analysed by UV-Vis spectroscopy, lock-in thermography and depolarized dynamic light scattering to evaluate the influence of these coatings on silver nanoparticle dissolution. Transmission electron microscopy was employed to visualize the reduction of the nanoparticle core diameters. Consequently, the advantages and limitations of these analytical techniques are discussed. To assess the effects of temperature on the degree of dissolution, the results of experiments performed at biological temperature were compared to those obtained at room temperature. Dissolution is often enhanced at elevated temperatures, but has to be determined individually for every specific condition. Furthermore, we evaluated potential nanoparticle aggregation. Our results highlight that additional surface coatings do not necessarily hinder the dissolution or aggregation of silver nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Steinmetz
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg Chemin des Verdiers 4 1700 Fribourg Switzerland
| | - Christoph Geers
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg Chemin des Verdiers 4 1700 Fribourg Switzerland
| | - Sandor Balog
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg Chemin des Verdiers 4 1700 Fribourg Switzerland
| | - Mathias Bonmarin
- School of Engineering, Zurich University of Applied Sciences Technikumstrasse 9 8400 Winterthur Switzerland
| | - Laura Rodriguez-Lorenzo
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Water Quality Group Av. Mestre José Veiga s/n 4715-330 Braga Portugal
| | - Patricia Taladriz-Blanco
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg Chemin des Verdiers 4 1700 Fribourg Switzerland
| | | | - Alke Petri-Fink
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg Chemin des Verdiers 4 1700 Fribourg Switzerland
- Chemistry Department, University of Fribourg Chemin du Musée 9 1700 Fribourg Switzerland
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Steinmetz L, Bourquin J, Barosova H, Haeni L, Caldwell J, Milosevic A, Geers C, Bonmarin M, Taladriz-Blanco P, Rothen-Rutishauser B, Petri-Fink A. Rapid and sensitive quantification of cell-associated multi-walled carbon nanotubes. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:17362-17372. [PMID: 32789375 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr03330h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Evaluating nanomaterial uptake and association by cells is relevant for in vitro studies related to safe-by-design approaches, nanomedicine or applications in photothermal therapy. However, standard analytical techniques are time-consuming, involve complex sample preparation or include labelling of the investigated sample system with e.g. fluorescent dyes. Here, we explore lock-in thermography to analyse and compare the association trends of epithelial cells, mesothelial cells, and macrophages exposed to gold nanoparticles and multi-walled carbon nanotubes over 24 h. The presence of nanomaterials in the cells was confirmed by dark field and transmission electron microscopy. The results obtained by lock-in thermography for gold nanoparticles were validated with inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry; with data collected showing a good agreement between both techniques. Furthermore, we demonstrate the detection and quantification of carbon nanotube-cell association in a straightforward, non-destructive, and non-intrusive manner without the need to label the carbon nanotubes. Our results display the first approach in utilizing thermography to assess the carbon nanotube amount in cellular environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Steinmetz
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
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Investigating a Lock-In Thermal Imaging Setup for the Detection and Characterization of Magnetic Nanoparticles. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10091665. [PMID: 32854404 PMCID: PMC7559474 DOI: 10.3390/nano10091665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic hyperthermia treatments utilize the heat generated by magnetic nanoparticles stimulated by an alternating magnetic field. Therefore, analytical methods are required to precisely characterize the dissipated thermal energy and to evaluate potential amplifying or diminishing factors in order to ensure optimal treatment conditions. Here, we present a lock-in thermal imaging setup specifically designed to thermally measure magnetic nanoparticles and we investigate theoretically how the various experimental parameters may influence the measurement. We compare two detection methods and highlight how an affordable microbolometer can achieve identical sensitivity with respect to a thermal camera-based system by adapting the measurement time. Furthermore, a numerical model is used to demonstrate the optimal stimulation frequency, the degree of nanomaterial heating power, preferential sample holder dimensions and the extent of heat losses to the environment. Using this model, we also revisit some technical assumptions and experimental results that previous studies have stated and suggest an optimal experimental configuration.
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Nanoparticle Behaviour in Complex Media: Methods for Characterizing Physicochemical Properties, Evaluating Protein Corona Formation, and Implications for Biological Studies. BIOLOGICAL RESPONSES TO NANOSCALE PARTICLES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-12461-8_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Hauser D, Estermann M, Milosevic A, Steinmetz L, Vanhecke D, Septiadi D, Drasler B, Petri-Fink A, Ball V, Rothen-Rutishauser B. Polydopamine/Transferrin Hybrid Nanoparticles for Targeted Cell-Killing. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 8:E1065. [PMID: 30562983 PMCID: PMC6315732 DOI: 10.3390/nano8121065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Polydopamine can form biocompatible particles that convert light into heat. Recently, a protocol has been optimized to synthesize polydopamine/protein hybrid nanoparticles that retain the biological function of proteins, and combine it with the stimuli-induced heat generation of polydopamine. We have utilized this novel system to form polydopamine particles, containing transferrin (PDA/Tf). Mouse melanoma cells, which strongly express the transferrin receptor, were exposed to PDA/Tf nanoparticles (NPs) and, subsequently, were irradiated with a UV laser. The cell death rate was monitored in real-time. When irradiated, the melanoma cells exposed to PDA/Tf NPs underwent apoptosis, faster than the control cells, pointing towards the ability of PDA/Tf to mediate UV-light-induced cell death. The system was also validated in an organotypic, 3D-printed tumor spheroid model, comprising mouse melanoma cells, and the exposure and subsequent irradiation with UV-light, yielded similar results to the 2D cell culture. The process of apoptosis was found to be targeted and mediated by the lysosomal membrane permeabilization. Therefore, the herein presented polydopamine/protein NPs constitute a versatile and stable system for cancer cell-targeting and photothermal apoptosis induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hauser
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Manuela Estermann
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Ana Milosevic
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Lukas Steinmetz
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Dimitri Vanhecke
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Dedy Septiadi
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Barbara Drasler
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Alke Petri-Fink
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Vincent Ball
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, 8 Rue Sainte Elisabeth, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1121, 11 Rue Humann, 67085 Strasbourg CEDEX, France.
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Lemal P, Geers C, Rothen-Rutishauser B, Lattuada M, Petri-Fink A. Measuring the heating power of magnetic nanoparticles: an overview of currently used methods. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2017.09.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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