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Mahmoud H, Ismail MA, Medien HAA, Abdel-Samad HS, Abdel-Shafi AA. Unique structural effect on the fluorosolvatochromism and dual fluorescence emission of D-π-A + cationic chromophores with furyl bridge. An approach to white light emitters. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 308:123771. [PMID: 38150988 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Photophysical behavior of two D - π - A+ cationic compounds with the same furyl bridge and nicotinamidine group as an electron acceptor moiety and two electron donating groups, namely methoxy (I) and N,N-dimethylamino (II) groups was examined using steady-state and time-resolved techniques in variety of solvents. Time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations were performed in some representative solvents and compared with the experimental results. Steady state and time-resolved studies in different solvents reveal that fluorescence emission of (I) is ascribed to an emission from an excited state (ICT) with higher dipole moment than the ground state while the emission of (II) is a dual emission from a state with high charge transfer nature (ICT) in addition to the locally excited state (LE). The fluorescence emission spectra of (II) were found to depend on the excitation wavelength and an increase in the excitation wavelength led to the formation of a longer wavelength emission band with lower quantum yield. It has also been found that the fluorescence excitation spectra were dependent on the emission wavelength. The effect of solvent on the nature of dual emission was examined. Correlation of the photophysical properties of the excited states of (I) and (II) with the solvent polarity, ε, reveals the charge transfer nature of (I) and the long wavelength emission band of (II), while their correlation with the solvent polarity parameter (ETN) shows two different trends when the solvents are divided to aprotic and protic solvents. For precise investigation of the impact of each solvent parameter on each photophysical property, Catalán's and Laurence's four parametric linear solvation energy relationships were studied. We have found that the non-specific interactions of the solvent are primarily responsible for controlling the photophysical properties, as demonstrated by Catalán's and Laurence's treatments. DFT and TDDFT calculations were used to anticipate the dipole moments in the ground and excited states and geometry of both states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda Mahmoud
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Ismail
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hesham A A Medien
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Hesham S Abdel-Samad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Ayman A Abdel-Shafi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
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2
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Anni M. Investigation of the Origin of High Photoluminescence Quantum Yield in Thienyl-S,S-dioxide AIEgens Oligomers by Temperature Dependent Optical Spectroscopy. Molecules 2023; 28:5161. [PMID: 37446823 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of organic molecules showing high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) in solid state is a fundamental step for the implementation of efficient light emitting devices. In this work the origin of the high PLQY of two trimers and two pentamers having one central thiophene-S,S-dioxide unit and two and four lateral thiophene or phenyl groups, respectively, is investigated by temperature dependent photoluminescence and time resolved photoluminescence measurements. The experimental results demonstrate that the molecules with lateral phenyl rings show higher PLQY due to a weaker coupling with intramolecular vibrations-related to variations in the radiative and non-radiative decay rates-and indicate different molecular rigidity as the main factors affecting the PLQY of this class of molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Anni
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica "Ennio De Giorgi", Università del Salento, Via per Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy
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3
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Khaled MM, Ismail MA, Medien HAA, Abdel-Shafi AA, Abdel-Samad HS. Photophysical properties of push-pull monocationic D-π-A + thiophene based derivatives: Fluorosolvatochromism and pH studies. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 288:122090. [PMID: 36442344 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.122090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Photophysical properties of two thiophene salts of the form D-π-A+ are studied in several solvents and at various pH values of the aqueous solution. The studied compounds embrace methoxy group as electron donating moiety at one end and cationic amidine group with and without fluorine atom at the ortho position of the amidine group as the electron withdrawing group at the other end of the molecules and separated by thiophene ring. The two thiophene derivatives are 4-(5-(4-methoxyphenyl)thiophen-2-yl)benzamidine hydrochloride salt (MOTB) and 2-fluoro-4-(5-(4-methoxyphenyl) thiophen-2-yl)benzamidine hydrochloride salt (FMOTB). The observed changes in the fluorescence emission spectra with the nature of the solvent were found to be much more pronounced than the corresponding absorption spectra which signify an emission from the intramolecular charge transfer state. The higher bathochromic shift in the fluorescence emission spectra than the absorption spectra indicates that the excited state dipole moment is larger than that of the ground state. It has also been observed that the presence of the fluorine atom in the electron withdrawing part does not show any changes in the absorption spectra while a clear bathochromic shift is observed in the fluorescence emission spectra indicating an enhanced strength of the electron withdrawing ability in case of FMOTB. Effect of pH was also studied and pKa values were evaluated. The observed photophysical properties were correlated to the normalized solvent polarity parameter (ETN) when solvents are classified to protic and aprotic solvents. This designates the importance of hydrogen bonding interactions. We have also applied a couple of linear solvation energy relationships for better understanding of the exact contribution of each solvent parameter on each photophysical property. We have found that both Catalán's and Laurence's treatments show that the photophysical properties are mainly controlled by the solvent's non-specific interactions. However, these models were not sufficient to interpret the observed data without the inclusion of the participation of the specific interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha M Khaled
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, 11566 Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Ismail
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hesham A A Medien
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, 11566 Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ayman A Abdel-Shafi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, 11566 Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Hesham S Abdel-Samad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, 11566 Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
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4
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Shahin M, Alazaly AM, Ismail MA, Abdel-Shafi AA. Effect of the π-bridge structure on the intramolecular charge transfer of push-pull 2-phenylthiophene and 2-(furan-2-yl)pyridine derivatives. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
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5
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O'Connell CE, Sabury S, Jenkins JE, Collier GS, Sumpter BG, Long BK, Kilbey SM. Highly fluorescent purine-containing conjugated copolymers with tailored optoelectronic properties. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00545j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Conjugated copolymers containing electron donor and acceptor units in their main chain have emerged as promising materials for organic electronic devices due to their tunable optoelectronic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Elizabeth O'Connell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee – Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - Sina Sabury
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee – Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - J. Elias Jenkins
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee – Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - Graham S. Collier
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, 30144, USA
| | - Bobby G. Sumpter
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Brian K. Long
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee – Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - S. Michael Kilbey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee – Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee – Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
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6
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Kaya M, MENTEŞE E, SÖKMEN BBİLGİN, AKÇAY HT. The determination of molecular dynamic properties of Novel 5-oxo-1,2,4-triazole phthalocyanines and investigation of their urease inhibition properties. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Green JP, Morales Salazar D, Gupta AK, Orthaber A. Golden Age of Fluorenylidene Phosphaalkenes-Synthesis, Structures, and Optical Properties of Heteroaromatic Derivatives and Their Gold Complexes. J Org Chem 2020; 85:14619-14626. [PMID: 32830965 PMCID: PMC7684575 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
![]()
The
substitution of 2,7-dibromo-9-fluorenyl phosphaalkenes with
heteroaromatic substituents (bithiophene, benzothiophene, pyridine)
offers access to interesting push–pull dye molecules. Steric
shielding due to the bulky P-substituent gives marked different reactivities
at the 2- and 7-positions, allowing the synthesis of mixed/asymmetric
derivatives. Further functionalization via gold(I) coordination was
demonstrated and increased the acceptor character, concomitant with
a red-shifted absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua P Green
- Synthetic Molecular Chemistry, Department of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Daniel Morales Salazar
- Synthetic Molecular Chemistry, Department of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Arvind Kumar Gupta
- Synthetic Molecular Chemistry, Department of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Andreas Orthaber
- Synthetic Molecular Chemistry, Department of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
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Sachdeva T, Milton MD. Fluorescent dyes for moisture detection in organic solvents: Push-pull based phenothiazine aldehydes with large Stokes shifts. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.112804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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9
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Kaya M, Menteşe E. Synthesis and solvent‐dependent photophysics of a novel fluorescent triazole‐coumarin‐based dye. J Heterocycl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Kaya
- Faculty of Arts and SciencesRecep Tayyip Erdogan University Rize Turkey
| | - Emre Menteşe
- Faculty of Arts and SciencesRecep Tayyip Erdogan University Rize Turkey
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10
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Abdolmaleki S, Ghadermazi M, Bagheri F, Amiri Rudbari H, Bruno G. Evaluation of two novel macrocycles containing pyridine-2,6-dicarboxamide unit as cationic fluorescent sensor. Polyhedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2019.114292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Sabek HAZ, Alazaly AMM, Salah D, Abdel-Samad HS, Ismail MA, Abdel-Shafi AA. Photophysical properties and fluorosolvatochromism of D–π–A thiophene based derivatives. RSC Adv 2020; 10:43459-43471. [PMID: 35519720 PMCID: PMC9058427 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra08433f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Solvation-dependent photophysical properties of two push–pull thiophene-based compounds with donor–π–acceptor (D–π–A) structures were investigated using absorption, fluorescence emission and time resolved spectroscopy, and supported by different solvation models. Intramolecular charge transfer characteristics of the structurally similar 2-fluoro-4-(5-(4-methoxyphenyl)thiophen-2-yl)benzonitrile (MOT) and 4-(5-(4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)thiophen-2-yl)-2-fluorobenzonitrile (DMAT) were investigated. Significant enhancement of intramolecular charge transfer strength has been observed through molecular structure modification of the electron donating group from a methoxy to dimethylamine group. Ground state absorption spectra show a small red shift of about 10 nm and 18 nm while the fluorescence emission spectra show a large red shift of about 66 nm and 162 nm on changing from the nonpolar cyclohexane to the aprotic polar DMSO for MOT and DMAT, respectively. Dipole moment change from the ground state to the charge transfer excited state is calculated to be 6.6 D in MOT and 9.0 D in DMAT. The fluorescence quantum yield, fluorescence lifetime and the derived radiative and non-radiative rate constants were found to be better correlated to the emission energy rather than any of the solvent properties. Three multi-parametric relationships were used in the interpretation of the specific versus non-specific solute–solvent interactions, namely, Kamlet–Taft, Catalán and Laurence et al. models. The findings of these approaches are used to extract useful information about different aspects of solvent effects on the photophysical properties of the two studied compounds. Kamlet–Taft solvatochromic model indicates that non-specific interactions are dominant in controlling the photophysical properties. Catalán's solvent dipolarity/polarizability parameter is found to play a significant role in solvatochromic behaviour which is also designated by the Laurence model. Solvation-dependent photophysical properties of two push–pull thiophene-based compounds with donor–π–acceptor (D–π–A) structures were investigated using absorption, fluorescence emission and time resolved spectroscopy, and supported by different solvation models.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dina Salah
- Department of Physics
- Faculty of Science
- Ain Shams University
- Cairo
- Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed A. Ismail
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Mansoura University
- 35516 Mansoura
- Egypt
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12
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Solvent and substituent effect on the photophysical properties of pyrazoline derivatives: A spectroscopic study. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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13
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Shimizu M, Ryuse D, Kinoshita T. Germanium-Bridged 2-Phenylbenzoheteroles as Luminophores Exhibiting Highly Efficient Solid-State Fluorescence. Chemistry 2017; 23:14623-14630. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Shimizu
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering; Kyoto Institute of Technology; 1 Hashikami-cho, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8585 Japan
| | - Daiki Ryuse
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering; Kyoto Institute of Technology; 1 Hashikami-cho, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8585 Japan
| | - Takumi Kinoshita
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering; Kyoto Institute of Technology; 1 Hashikami-cho, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8585 Japan
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