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Li Q, Song X, Pan YT, Sun J, Bifulco A, Yang R. Dual function of carboxymethyl cellulose scaffold: A one-stone-two-birds strategy to prepare double-layer hollow ZIF-67 derivates for flame retardant epoxy composites. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 674:445-458. [PMID: 38941937 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.06.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Aluminum hypophosphite (AHP) has been used as a flame retardant for a long time. Previous studies about AHP employed in flame retardant materials mostly focus on coating, modification, and complex system. It is valuable to explore simple experimental steps to prepare nano hybrids with AHP and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). We found acidic substances could etch zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 (ZIF-67) to obtain MOF derivatives. Unfortunately, AHP and ZIF-67 could not directly form a hybrid. Therefore, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) is introduced as a dual function layer (buffer and support). The CMC resists the complete conversion of ZIF-67 etched by phosphoric acid to amorphous cobalt phosphate hydrate (ACP). Meanwhile, CMC containing hydroxyl groups combines with AHP through electrostatic interaction and coordination bonds. A double-layer hollow MOF derivative is synthesized through this one-stone-two-birds strategy. Due to multiple flame retardant elements and unique nanostructure, this MOF derivative endows epoxy (EP) resin with excellent flame retardancy. With 2.0 wt% addition, the peak heat release rate (pHRR) and total heat release (THR) of EP/AHP/ACP@CMC are decreased by 47.8 and 21.0 %, respectively. This study proposes a novel scheme that converts AHP into MOF derivatives as high-performance FRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianlong Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Xiaoning Song
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Ye-Tang Pan
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China.
| | - Jun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China.
| | - Aurelio Bifulco
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering (DICMaPI), University of Naples Federico II, P.le Tecchio 80 80125, Naples, Italy
| | - Rongjie Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
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ZIF-67 In Situ Grown on Attapulgite: A Flame Retardant Synergist for Ethylene Vinyl Acetate/Magnesium Hydroxide Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14204408. [PMID: 36297987 PMCID: PMC9608850 DOI: 10.3390/polym14204408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
ZIF-67@ATP was prepared by the in situ growth of the zeolite imidazole frame (ZIF-67) on the surface of attapulgite (ATP). The structure and surface morphology of ZIF-67@ATP were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Different mass fractions of ATP and ZIF-67@ATP were added to ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA)/magnesium hydroxide (MH) composites as flame retardant synergists. The flame retardancy of EVA composites was evaluated by the limiting oxygen index (LOI) test, UL-94 test and cone calorimeter test. Composites containing 3 wt% of ZIF-67@ATP reached an LOI value of 43% and a V-0 rating in the UL-94 test, and the ignition time of the composite increased from 38 s to 56 s. The tensile strength and impact strength of the composites did not change significantly, but the elongation at break increased greatly. Typically, for composites containing 4 wt% of ZIF-67@ATP, the elongation at break of the composites increased from 69.5% to 522.2% compared to the samples without the synergist. This study provides novel insights into the application of attapulgite in the field of flame retardant polymer materials.
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Fan H, Gu X, Zhang S, Liu F, Liao Y, Tang W. Synergistic effect between novel triazine-based charring agent and modified kaolinite: An efficient system for fire hazard and aging suppression of epoxy resin. Polym Degrad Stab 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2022.110109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Li Y, Qi L, Liu Y, Qiao J, Wang M, Liu X, Li S. Recent Advances in Halogen-Free Flame Retardants for Polyolefin Cable Sheath Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14142876. [PMID: 35890652 PMCID: PMC9322620 DOI: 10.3390/polym14142876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
With the continuous advancements of urbanization, the demand for power cables is increasing to replace overhead lines for energy transmission and distribution. Due to undesirable scenarios, e.g., the short circuit or poor contact, the cables can cause fire. The cable sheath has a significant effect on fire expansion. Thus, it is of great significance to carry out research on flame-retardant modification for cable sheath material to prevent fire accidents. With the continuous environmental concern, polyolefin (PO) is expected to gradually replace polyvinyl chloride (PVC) for cable sheath material. Moreover, the halogen-free flame retardants (FRs), which are the focus of this paper, will replace the ones with halogen gradually. The halogen-free FRs used in PO cable sheath material can be divided into inorganic flame retardant, organic flame retardant, and intumescent flame retardant (IFR). However, most FRs will cause severe damage to the mechanical properties of the PO cable sheath material, mainly reflected in the elongation at break and tensile strength. Therefore, the cooperative modification of PO materials for flame retardancy and mechanical properties has become a research hotspot. For this review, about 240 works from the literature related to FRs used in PO materials were investigated. It is shown that the simultaneous improvement for flame retardancy and mechanical properties mainly focuses on surface treatment technology, nanotechnology, and the cooperative effect of multiple FRs. The principle is mainly to improve the compatibility of FRs with PO polymers and/or increase the efficiency of FRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China; (L.Q.); (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (M.W.); (X.L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Leijie Qi
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China; (L.Q.); (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (M.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Yifan Liu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China; (L.Q.); (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (M.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Junjie Qiao
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China; (L.Q.); (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (M.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Maotao Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China; (L.Q.); (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (M.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Xinyue Liu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China; (L.Q.); (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (M.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Shasha Li
- State Grid Hebei Baoding Electric Power Company Limited, Baoding 071051, China;
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Yu H, Cui J, Zhang H, Yang B, Guo J, Mu B, Wang Z, Li H, Tian L. A novel flame retardant consisting of functionalized Salen-Ni based polyphosphazene microspheres. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/09540083221094972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A functionalized cross-linked polyphosphazenes microsphere (Salen-PZN-Ni@DHPP-PTS) was prepared by wrapping Salen-Ni basis polyphosphazenes (Salen-PZN-Ni) with a kind of hybrid flame retardant (DHPP-PTS) to improve the flame retardancy and smoke suppression properties of epoxy (EP) composites. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the addition of Salen-PZN-Ni@DHPP-PTS greatly improved the thermal stability of the EP composites. The addition of 5 wt% Salen-PZN-Ni@DHPP-PTS remarkably improved the fire safety of EP, which was illustrated by the results of the cone calorimeter. For example, the peak heat release rate and total heat release rate of the EP composites were reduced by 44.2% and 33.1%, respectively. The limiting oxygen index value of 5% Salen-PZN-Ni@DHPP-PTS/EP composite reached 29.8% and UL-94 achieved V-1 rating. In addition, the introduction of Salen-PZN-Ni@DHPP-PTS effectively suppressed the production of toxic CO and other volatiles. Meantime, the synergistic effect between Salen-PZN-Ni and DHPP-PTS was found. The potential flame retardant mechanism of Salen-PZN-Ni@DHPP-PTS is regarded as the synergistic catalytic carbonization effect and the extremely thermally stable components forming. Enhanced fire safety of EP composites by synergistic interaction of various components (nickel and DHPP-PTS) with polyphosphazenes microspheres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Yu
- School of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jinfeng Cui
- School of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, China
| | - Haiyin Zhang
- Northwest Yongxin Paint & Coating Co., Ltd, Lanzhou, China
| | - Baoping Yang
- School of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, China
| | - Junhong Guo
- School of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bo Mu
- School of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhaohui Wang
- Northwest Yongxin Paint & Coating Co., Ltd, Lanzhou, China
| | - Huaming Li
- Northwest Yongxin Paint & Coating Co., Ltd, Lanzhou, China
| | - Li Tian
- School of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, China
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Chen C, Xiao G, Dong S, Zhong F, Yang Z, Chen C, Wang M, Zou R. Construction of CMS@MoS2 core-shell structure to enhance flame retardancy and smoke suppression performance of waterborne epoxy fireproof coatings for steel structures. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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7
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Moradkhani G, Fasihi M, Brison L, Laoutid F, Vahabi H, Saeb MR. Flame retardancy effect of phosphorus graphite nanoplatelets on ethylene‐vinyl acetate copolymer: Physical blending versus chemical modification. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ghane Moradkhani
- School of Chemical Engineering Iran University of Science and Technology Tehran Iran
| | - Mohammad Fasihi
- School of Chemical Engineering Iran University of Science and Technology Tehran Iran
| | - Loic Brison
- Polymeric and Composite Materials Unit Materia Nova Research Center Mons Belgium
| | - Fouad Laoutid
- Polymeric and Composite Materials Unit Materia Nova Research Center Mons Belgium
| | - Henri Vahabi
- CentraleSupélec, LMOPS Université de Lorraine Metz France
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Recent Progress in Two-dimensional Nanomaterials Following Graphene for Improving Fire Safety of Polymer (Nano)composites. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-021-2575-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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9
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Preparation of microencapsulated aluminum hypophosphite and its flame retardancy of the unsaturated polyester resin composites. Polym Bull (Berl) 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-020-03377-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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10
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Nanoreinforcements of Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials for Flame Retardant Polymeric Composites: An Overview. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1155/2019/4273253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Polymer materials are ubiquitous in daily life. While polymers are often convenient and helpful, their properties often obscure the fire hazards they may pose. Therefore, it is of great significance in terms of safety to study the flame retardant properties of polymers while still maintaining their optimal performance. Current literature shows that although traditional flame retardants can satisfy the requirements of polymer flame retardancy, due to increases in product requirements in industry, including requirements for durability, mechanical properties, and environmental friendliness, it is imperative to develop a new generation of flame retardants. In recent years, the preparation of modified two-dimensional nanomaterials as flame retardants has attracted wide attention in the field. Due to their unique layered structures, two-dimensional nanomaterials can generally improve the mechanical properties of polymers via uniform dispersion, and they can form effective physical barriers in a matrix to improve the thermal stability of polymers. For polymer applications in specialized fields, different two-dimensional nanomaterials have potential conductivity, high thermal conductivity, catalytic activity, and antiultraviolet abilities, which can meet the flame retardant requirements of polymers and allow their use in specific applications. In this review, the current research status of two-dimensional nanomaterials as flame retardants is discussed, as well as a mechanism of how they can be applied for reducing the flammability of polymers.
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11
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A novel phosphorus-containing MoS2 hybrid: Towards improving the fire safety of epoxy resin. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 550:210-219. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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12
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Hu D, Zhou Q, Zhou K. Combined effects of layered nanofillers and intumescent flame retardant on thermal and fire behavior of ABS resin. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongtao Hu
- Faculty of EngineeringChina University of Geosciences Wuhan Hubei 430074 China
| | - Qianqian Zhou
- Faculty of EngineeringChina University of Geosciences Wuhan Hubei 430074 China
| | - Keqing Zhou
- Faculty of EngineeringChina University of Geosciences Wuhan Hubei 430074 China
- Engineering Research Center of Rock‐Soil Drilling & Excavation and ProtectionChina University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Ministry of Education Wuhan Hubei 430074 China
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13
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Tan Y, Wachtendorf V, Klack P, Kukofka T, Ruder J, Schartel B. Durability of the flame retardance of ethylene‐vinyl acetate copolymer cables: Comparing different flame retardants exposed to different weathering conditions. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tan
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und ‐prüfung Unter den Eichen 87, 12205 Berlin Germany
| | - Volker Wachtendorf
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und ‐prüfung Unter den Eichen 87, 12205 Berlin Germany
| | - Patrick Klack
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und ‐prüfung Unter den Eichen 87, 12205 Berlin Germany
| | - Tobias Kukofka
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und ‐prüfung Unter den Eichen 87, 12205 Berlin Germany
| | - Jörg Ruder
- LEONI Kabel GmbH Stieberstraße 5, 91154 Roth Germany
| | - Bernhard Schartel
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und ‐prüfung Unter den Eichen 87, 12205 Berlin Germany
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14
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Liu ZQ, Li Z, Yang YX, Zhang YL, Wen X, Li N, Fu C, Jian RK, Li LJ, Wang DY. A Geometry Effect of Carbon Nanomaterials on Flame Retardancy and Mechanical Properties of Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate/Magnesium Hydroxide Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E1028. [PMID: 30960953 PMCID: PMC6403697 DOI: 10.3390/polym10091028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was aimed at investigating the effects of carbon nanomaterials with different geometries on improving the flame retardancy of magnesium hydroxide⁻filled ethylene-vinyl acetate (EM). The thermal stability and flame retardancy were studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL-94 test, and cone calorimeter test (CCT). The in situ temperature monitoring system and interrupted combustion offered direct evidence to link flame retardancy and composite structure. Results demonstrated that carbon nanomaterials enhanced the thermal stability and fire safety of EM. The geometry of carbon nanomaterials played a key role in synergistic flame retardancy of EM, with the flame-retardant order of carbon nanotube > nanoscale carbon black > graphene. Based on an online temperature monitoring system and interrupted combustion test, one-dimensional carbon nanotube was more inclined to form the network structure synergistically with magnesium hydroxide in ethylene-vinyl acetate, which facilitated the generation of more continuous char structure during combustion. In parallel, the mechanical property was characterized by a tensile test and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The incorporation of carbon nanomaterials presented a limited effect on the mechanical properties of the EM system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Qi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China.
- Qinghai Engineering and Technology Research Center of Comprehensive Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Xining 810008, China.
- IMDEA Materials Institute, C/Eric Kandel, 2, 28906 Getafe, Spain.
| | - Zhi Li
- IMDEA Materials Institute, C/Eric Kandel, 2, 28906 Getafe, Spain.
- Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, E.T.S. de Ingenieros de Caminos, Madrid 28040, Spain.
| | - Yun-Xian Yang
- IMDEA Materials Institute, C/Eric Kandel, 2, 28906 Getafe, Spain.
| | - Yan-Ling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China.
- Qinghai Engineering and Technology Research Center of Comprehensive Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Xining 810008, China.
| | - Xin Wen
- IMDEA Materials Institute, C/Eric Kandel, 2, 28906 Getafe, Spain.
- Nanomaterials Physicochemistry Department, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, 70-311 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Na Li
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China.
- Qinghai Engineering and Technology Research Center of Comprehensive Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Xining 810008, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Can Fu
- IMDEA Materials Institute, C/Eric Kandel, 2, 28906 Getafe, Spain.
- Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, E.T.S. de Ingenieros de Caminos, Madrid 28040, Spain.
| | - Rong-Kun Jian
- IMDEA Materials Institute, C/Eric Kandel, 2, 28906 Getafe, Spain.
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China.
| | - Li-Juan Li
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China.
- Qinghai Engineering and Technology Research Center of Comprehensive Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Xining 810008, China.
| | - De-Yi Wang
- IMDEA Materials Institute, C/Eric Kandel, 2, 28906 Getafe, Spain.
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Bhuyan B, Srivastava SK, Puravankara S, Mittal V. Magnesium Aluminium Layered Double Hydroxide Assisted Dispersion of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes for Enhanced Reinforcement of Ethylene-co-Vinyl Acetate Matrix. Macromol Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-018-6133-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Capitalizing on the molybdenum disulfide/graphene synergy to produce mechanical enhanced flame retardant ethylene-vinyl acetate composites with low aluminum hydroxide loading. Polym Degrad Stab 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2017.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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17
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Zhou K, Gao R, Qian X. Self-assembly of exfoliated molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2) nanosheets and layered double hydroxide (LDH): Towards reducing fire hazards of epoxy. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 338:343-355. [PMID: 28595156 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.05.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Revised: 05/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In present study, LDH/MoS2 hybrids were facilely prepared by self-assembly of exfoliated MoS2 nanosheets and LDH via electrostatic force. The structure and morphology of the LDH/MoS2 hybrids were characterized and then introduced into epoxy for reducing its fire hazards. Compared with single MoS2, LDH/MoS2 hybrids showed a more homogeneous dispersion in the epoxy matrix and no obvious agglomerates were observed. Compared with MoS2, the addition of LDH/MoS2 hybrids endowed more excellent fire resistance to epoxy matrix, which was reflected by the significantly reduced peak heat release rate, total heat release and total smoke production. A rational flame retardant mode of action for LDH/MoS2 hybrids was proposed based on the analysis of pyrolysis fragments and char residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keqing Zhou
- Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), 388 Lumo Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, PR China.
| | - Rui Gao
- Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), 388 Lumo Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Qian
- Chinese People's Armed Police Force Academy, Xichang Road 220, Langfang City, Hebei Province, 065000, PR China
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18
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Xu L, Lei C, Xu R, Zhang X, Xu J. Intumescent flame retardant of polypropylene system with enhanced thermal properties and flame retardancy based on α-zirconium phosphate composite particles. Polym Bull (Berl) 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-017-2177-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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19
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Yang L, Mukhopadhyay A, Jiao Y, Yong Q, Chen L, Xing Y, Hamel J, Zhu H. Ultralight, highly thermally insulating and fire resistant aerogel by encapsulating cellulose nanofibers with two-dimensional MoS 2. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:11452-11462. [PMID: 28715015 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr02243c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Thermally insulating materials, made from earth-abundant and sustainable resources, are highly desirable in the sustainable construction of energy efficient buildings. Cellulose from wood has long been recognized for these characteristics. However, cellulose can be a flammability hazard, and for construction this has been addressed via chemical treatment such as that with halogen and/or phosphorus, which leads to further environmental concerns. Fortunately, the structure of cellulose lends itself well to chemical modification, giving great potential to explore interaction with other compounds. Thus, in this study, cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) were nano-wrapped with ultrathin 1T phase molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanosheets via chemical crosslinking, to produce an aerogel. Thermal and combustion characterization revealed highly desirable properties (thermal conductivity k = 28.09 mW m-1 K-1, insulation R value = 5.2, limit oxygen index (LOI) = 34.7%, total heat release = 0.4 MJ m-2). Vertical burning tests also demonstrated excellent fire retardant and self-extinguishing capabilities. Raman spectra further revealed that MoS2 remained unscathed after 30 seconds of burning in a 1300 °C butane flame. Considering the inherently low density of this material, there is significant opportunity for its usage in a number of insulating applications demanding specific fire resistance properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yang
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
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20
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Bhuyan B, Roy A, Srivastava SK, Mittal V. Multiwalled carbon nanotube/montmorillonite hybrid filled ethylene‐co‐vinyl acetate nanocomposites with enhanced mechanical properties, thermal stability, and dielectric response. POLYM ENG SCI 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.24677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Bhuyan
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of TechnologyKharagpur721302 India
| | - A. Roy
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Science Education and ResearchPune India
| | - S. K. Srivastava
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of TechnologyKharagpur721302 India
| | - V. Mittal
- Department of Chemical EngineeringThe Petroleum InstituteAbu Dhabi United Arab Emirates
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