1
|
Aitipamula S, Bolla G. Optimizing Drug Development: Harnessing the Sustainability of Pharmaceutical Cocrystals. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:3121-3143. [PMID: 38814314 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.4c00289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Environmental impacts of the industrial revolution necessitate adoption of sustainable practices in all areas of development. The pharmaceutical industry faces increasing pressure to minimize its ecological footprint due to its significant contribution to environmental pollution. Over the past two decades, pharmaceutical cocrystals have received immense popularity due to their ability to optimize the critical attributes of active pharmaceutical ingredients and presented an avenue to bring improved drug products to the market. This review explores the potential of pharmaceutical cocrystals as an ecofriendly alternative to traditional solid forms, offering a sustainable approach to drug development. From reducing the number of required doses to improving the stability of actives, from eliminating synthetic operations to using pharmaceutically approved chemicals, from the use of continuous and solvent-free manufacturing methods to leveraging published data on the safety and toxicology, the cocrystallization approach contributes to sustainability of drug development. The latest trends suggest a promising role of pharmaceutical cocrystals in bringing novel and improved medicines to the market, which has been further fuelled by the recent guidance from the major regulatory agencies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasulu Aitipamula
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Republic of Singapore
| | - Geetha Bolla
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sakhiya DC, Borkhataria CH. A review on advancement of cocrystallization approach and a brief on screening, formulation and characterization of the same. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29057. [PMID: 38601657 PMCID: PMC11004889 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this review is, to discuss recent advancements in screening methods for co-formers, evaluation cum confirmation methods and co-crystallization with examples. Co-crystals are considered as a new form of an old drug entity. Co-crystals improve the stability, hygroscopicity, solubility, dissolution, and physicochemical properties of pure drugs without altering chemical and pharmacological properties. Advancement in co-crystal formulation methods like electrospray and laser-irradiation methods are showing potential for solvent-free co-crystallization and tends to give better yield and lesser loss of materials. Screening methods are also transformed from trial and error to in-silico methods, which facilitate the selection process by reducing the time of screening and increasing the number of co-formers to be screened. Advanced evaluation methods like Raman and solid-state NMR spectroscopy provide a better understanding of crystal lattice by pinpointing the interaction between drug/co-former molecules. The same evaluation methods can also differentiate between the formation of salt and co-crystals. Co-crystals are helping open a new door in pharmaceutical industries in the field of formulation for the improvement of physicochemical properties in existing old molecules and several new molecules. With a motto of "making a good drug better", co-crystals show scope for vast research and give researchers an ocean of opportunities to make the impossible, possible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dhruv C. Sakhiya
- Gujarat Technological University (GTU) Nr.Vishwakarma Government Engineering College Nr.Visat Three Roads, Visat - Gandhinagar Highway Chandkheda, Ahmedabad, 382424, Gujarat, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Anjum F, Viville T, Nandi S, Wessner M, De Witte B, Collas A, Sadowski G. Bottom-up production of injectable itraconazole suspensions using membrane technology. Int J Pharm 2024; 654:123977. [PMID: 38458403 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Bottom-up production of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) crystal suspensions offers advantages in surface property control and operational ease over top-down methods. However, downstream separation and concentration pose challenges. This proof-of-concept study explores membrane diafiltration as a comprehensive solution for downstream processing of API crystal suspensions produced via anti-solvent crystallization. It involves switching the residual solvent (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, NMP) with water, adjusting the excipient (d-α-Tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate, TPGS) quantity, and enhancing API loading (solid concentration) in itraconazole crystal suspensions. NMP concentration was decreased from 9 wt% to below 0.05 wt% (in compliance with European Medicine Agency guidelines), while the TPGS concentration was decreased from 0.475 wt% to 0.07 wt%. This reduced the TPGS-to-itraconazole ratio from 1:2 to less than 1:50 and raised the itraconazole loading from 1 wt% to 35.6 wt%. Importantly, these changes did not adversely affect the itraconazole crystal stability in suspension. This study presents membrane diafiltration as a one-step solution to address downstream challenges in bottom-up API crystal suspension production. These findings contribute to optimizing pharmaceutical manufacturing processes and hold promise for advancing the development of long-acting API crystal suspensions via bottom-up production techniques at a commercial scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Anjum
- Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Thermodynamics, TU Dortmund University, Emil-Figge-Str. 70, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Thaïsa Viville
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Gent, Belgium.
| | - Snehashis Nandi
- Therapeutics Development & Supply, The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium.
| | - Maximilian Wessner
- Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Thermodynamics, TU Dortmund University, Emil-Figge-Str. 70, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Bruno De Witte
- Therapeutics Development & Supply, The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium.
| | - Alain Collas
- Therapeutics Development & Supply, The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium.
| | - Gabriele Sadowski
- Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Thermodynamics, TU Dortmund University, Emil-Figge-Str. 70, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
de Oliveira PV, Sanaiotto O, Kuhn KZ, Oltramari A, Bortoluzzi AJ, Lanza M, Aguiar GPS, Siebel AM, Müller LG, Oliveira JV. Micronization of naringenin in supercritical fluid medium: In vitro and in vivo assays. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2023.104382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
|
5
|
Khan S, Zahoor M, Rahman MU, Gul Z. Cocrystals; basic concepts, properties and formation strategies. Z PHYS CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-2022-0175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Cocrystallization is an old technique and remains the focus of several research groups working in the field of Chemistry and Pharmacy. This technique is basically in field for improving physicochemical properties of material which can be active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) or other chemicals with poor profile. So this review article has been presented in order to combine various concepts for scientists working in the field of chemistry, pharmacy or crystal engineering, also it was attempt to elaborate concepts belonging to crystal designing, their structures and applications. A handsome efforts have been made to bring scientists together working in different fields and to make chemistry easier for a pharmacist and pharmacy for chemists pertaining to cocrystals. Various aspects of chemicals being used as co-formers have been explored which predict the formation of co-crystals or molecular salts and even inorganic cocrystals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahab Khan
- Department of Chemistry , University of Malakand , Dir Lower 18800 , Khyber Pakhtunkhwa , Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zahoor
- Department of Biochemistry , University of Malakand , Dir Lower 18800 , Khyber Pakhtunkhwa , Pakistan
| | - Mudassir Ur Rahman
- Department of Chemistry , Government Degree College Lundkhwar , Mardan 23130 , Khyber Pakhtunkhwa , Pakistan
| | - Zarif Gul
- Department of Chemistry , University of Malakand , Dir Lower 18800 , Khyber Pakhtunkhwa , Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sodeifian G, Usefi MMB. Solubility, Extraction, and Nanoparticles Production in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide: A Mini‐Review. CHEMBIOENG REVIEWS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cben.202200020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gholamhossein Sodeifian
- University of Kashan Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering 87317-53153 Kashan Iran
- University of Kashan Laboratory of Supercritical Fluids and Nanotechnology 87317-53153 Kashan Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Behvand Usefi
- University of Kashan Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering 87317-53153 Kashan Iran
- University of Kashan Laboratory of Supercritical Fluids and Nanotechnology 87317-53153 Kashan Iran
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chauhan V, Mardia R, Patel M, Suhagia B, Parmar K. Technical and Formulation Aspects of Pharmaceutical Co‐Crystallization: A Systematic Review. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202202588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vishva Chauhan
- Affiliation: a-ROFEL Shri G.M. Bilakhia College of Pharmacy Namdha campus Vapi Gujarat India 396191
- Department of Pharmacy Dharmsinh Desai University Nadiad Gujarat India 387001 Corresponding author: Vishva Chauhan
| | - Rajnikant Mardia
- Department of Pharmacy Dharmsinh Desai University Nadiad Gujarat India 387001 Corresponding author: Vishva Chauhan
| | - Mehul Patel
- Department of Pharmacy Dharmsinh Desai University Nadiad Gujarat India 387001 Corresponding author: Vishva Chauhan
| | - Bhanu Suhagia
- Department of Pharmacy Dharmsinh Desai University Nadiad Gujarat India 387001 Corresponding author: Vishva Chauhan
| | - Komal Parmar
- Affiliation: a-ROFEL Shri G.M. Bilakhia College of Pharmacy Namdha campus Vapi Gujarat India 396191
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Almutairi M, Srinivasan P, Zhang P, Austin F, Butreddy A, Alharbi M, Bandari S, Ashour EA, Repka MA. Hot-Melt Extrusion Coupled with Pressurized Carbon Dioxide for Enhanced Processability of Pharmaceutical Polymers and Drug Delivery Applications – An Integrated Review. Int J Pharm 2022; 629:122291. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
9
|
Murakami Y, Inoue K, Akiyama R, Orita Y, Shimoyama Y. LipTube: Liposome Formation in the Tube Process Using Supercritical CO 2. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c02095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Murakami
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo125-8585, Japan
| | - Keita Inoue
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama 2-12-1 S1-33, Meguro-ku, Tokyo152-8550, Japan
| | - Ryunosuke Akiyama
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama 2-12-1 S1-33, Meguro-ku, Tokyo152-8550, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Orita
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama 2-12-1 S1-33, Meguro-ku, Tokyo152-8550, Japan
| | - Yusuke Shimoyama
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama 2-12-1 S1-33, Meguro-ku, Tokyo152-8550, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Dias JL, Rebelatto EA, Hotza D, Bortoluzzi AJ, Lanza M, Ferreira SR. Production of quercetin-nicotinamide cocrystals by gas antisolvent (GAS) process. J Supercrit Fluids 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2022.105670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
11
|
Rubina MS, Pestrikova AA, Kazaryan PS, Nikolaev AY, Chaschin IS, Arkharova NA, Shulenina AV, Pigaleva MA. Supercritical impregnation of chitosan sponges with 17β-estradiol. J CO2 UTIL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2022.102106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
12
|
Banerjee M, Nimkar K, Naik S, Patravale V. Unlocking the potential of drug-drug cocrystals - A comprehensive review. J Control Release 2022; 348:456-469. [PMID: 35691502 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Intensive research subjected to the improvement of solubility and bioavailability of certain drugs has popularized the formation of cocrystals, wherein the desired drug is non-ionically bonded to a coformer by means of weak bonds. This paper addresses how crystal engineering of two compatible drug components can enhance the physicochemical and therapeutic properties of either or both of the drugs, resulting in drug-drug cocrystals, with pertinent examples. The paper also discusses the continuous screening processes which are replacing the traditional methods of crystallization due to numerous benefits to the producer as well as the products. Although faced with certain regulatory and scale-up constraints, cocrystals provide immense opportunities to the field of novel drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madhulika Banerjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Kartik Nimkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Shivraj Naik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Vandana Patravale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Mumbai 400019, India.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bolla G, Sarma B, Nangia AK. Crystal Engineering of Pharmaceutical Cocrystals in the Discovery and Development of Improved Drugs. Chem Rev 2022; 122:11514-11603. [PMID: 35642550 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The subject of crystal engineering started in the 1970s with the study of topochemical reactions in the solid state. A broad chemical definition of crystal engineering was published in 1989, and the supramolecular synthon concept was proposed in 1995 followed by heterosynthons and their potential applications for the design of pharmaceutical cocrystals in 2004. This review traces the development of supramolecular synthons as robust and recurring hydrogen bond patterns for the design and construction of supramolecular architectures, notably, pharmaceutical cocrystals beginning in the early 2000s to the present time. The ability of a cocrystal between an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and a pharmaceutically acceptable coformer to systematically tune the physicochemical properties of a drug (i.e., solubility, permeability, hydration, color, compaction, tableting, bioavailability) without changing its molecular structure is the hallmark of the pharmaceutical cocrystals platform, as a bridge between drug discovery and pharmaceutical development. With the design of cocrystals via heterosynthons and prototype case studies to improve drug solubility in place (2000-2015), the period between 2015 to the present time has witnessed the launch of several salt-cocrystal drugs with improved efficacy and high bioavailability. This review on the design, synthesis, and applications of pharmaceutical cocrystals to afford improved drug products and drug substances will interest researchers in crystal engineering, supramolecular chemistry, medicinal chemistry, process development, and pharmaceutical and materials sciences. The scale-up of drug cocrystals and salts using continuous manufacturing technologies provides high-value pharmaceuticals with economic and environmental benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geetha Bolla
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Building 43, Room 201, Sderot Ben-Gurion 1, Be'er Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Bipul Sarma
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Napaam, Tezpur, Assam 784028, India
| | - Ashwini K Nangia
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Prof. C. R. Rao Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Xie H, He Z, Liu Y, Zhao C, Guo B, Zhu C, Xu J. Efficient Antibacterial Agent Delivery by Mesoporous Silica Aerogel. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:7638-7647. [PMID: 35284760 PMCID: PMC8908532 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c06198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial infections still cause many health problems for human beings. Silica aerogels with a three-dimensional (3D) porous structure and a large surficial area are promising candidates for drug delivery, but they have rarely been investigated for antibacterial agent delivery. Herein, we study mesoporous silica aerogels as carriers for delivery of three slightly soluble antibacterial agents including cinnamaldehyde (CA, liquid), salicylic acid (SAA, solid), and sorbic acid (SOA, solid) under supercritical fluid carbon dioxide. Notably, all three antibacterial agents form uniform nanocrystals in the mesopores of silica aerogels and the loading efficiency reaches 56 wt %, which assists in overcoming the obstacles of low bioavailability of slightly soluble antibacterial agents. Benefiting from nanocrystallized antibacterial agents, the agent-loaded aerogels exhibit an inhibition rate of 99.99% against Escherichia coli during the initial release; notably, they still have a 95% inhibition rate even after ∼90% of CA is released. Importantly, the agent-loaded silica aerogels demonstrate good biocompatibility in vitro. This work indicates that mesoporous silica aerogels are a promising platform for antibacterial agent delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xie
- Institute
of Low-Dimensional Materials Genome Initiative, College of Chemistry
and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen
University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Chengdu
Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhiguo He
- School
of Science and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics
Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Institute
of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Yanxing Liu
- Institute
of Low-Dimensional Materials Genome Initiative, College of Chemistry
and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen
University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Changbo Zhao
- Institute
of Low-Dimensional Materials Genome Initiative, College of Chemistry
and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen
University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Bing Guo
- School
of Science and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics
Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Caizhen Zhu
- Institute
of Low-Dimensional Materials Genome Initiative, College of Chemistry
and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen
University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Institute
of Low-Dimensional Materials Genome Initiative, College of Chemistry
and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen
University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
High-pressure fluid technologies: Recent approaches to the production of natural pigments for food and pharmaceutical applications. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
16
|
Kumar Bandaru R, Rout SR, Kenguva G, Gorain B, Alhakamy NA, Kesharwani P, Dandela R. Recent Advances in Pharmaceutical Cocrystals: From Bench to Market. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:780582. [PMID: 34858194 PMCID: PMC8632238 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.780582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The pharmacokinetics profile of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in the solid pharmaceutical dosage forms is largely dependent on the solid-state characteristics of the chemicals to understand the physicochemical properties by particle size, size distribution, surface area, solubility, stability, porosity, thermal properties, etc. The formation of salts, solvates, and polymorphs are the conventional strategies for altering the solid characteristics of pharmaceutical compounds, but they have their own limitations. Cocrystallization approach was established as an alternative method for tuning the solubility, permeability, and processability of APIs by introducing another compatible molecule/s into the crystal structure without affecting its therapeutic efficacy to successfully develop the formulation with the desired pharmacokinetic profile. In the present review, we have grossly focused on cocrystallization, particularly at different stages of development, from design to production. Furthermore, we have also discussed regulatory guidelines for pharmaceutical industries and challenges associated with the design, development and production of pharmaceutical cocrystals with commercially available cocrystal-based products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Kumar Bandaru
- Department of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology-Indian Oil Bhubaneswar Campus, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Smruti Rekha Rout
- Department of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology-Indian Oil Bhubaneswar Campus, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Gowtham Kenguva
- Department of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology-Indian Oil Bhubaneswar Campus, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Bapi Gorain
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Nabil A. Alhakamy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence for Drug Research & Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Rambabu Dandela
- Department of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology-Indian Oil Bhubaneswar Campus, Bhubaneswar, India
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kumar R, Thakur AK, Banerjee N, Chaudhari P. A critical review on the particle generation and other applications of rapid expansion of supercritical solution. Int J Pharm 2021; 608:121089. [PMID: 34530097 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The novel particle generation processes of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API)/drug have been extensively explored in recent decades due to their wide-range applications in the pharmaceutical industry. The Rapid Expansion of Supercritical Solutions (RESS) is one of the promising techniques to obtain the fine particles (micro to nano-size) of APIs with narrow particle size distribution (PSD). In RESS, supercritical carbon dioxide (SC CO2) and API are used as solvent and solute respectively. In this literature survey, the application of RESS in the formation of fine particles is critically reviewed. Solubility of API in SC CO2 and supersaturation are the key factors in tuning the particle size. The different approaches to model and predict the solubility of API in SC CO2 are discussed. Then, the effect of process parameters on mean particle size and the particle size distribution are interpreted in the context of solubility and supersaturation. Furthermore, the less-explored applications of RESS in preparation of solid-lipid nanoparticles, liposome, polymorphic conversion, cocrystallization and inclusion complexation are compared with traditional processes. The solubility enhancement of API in SC CO2 using co-solvent and its applications in particle generation are explored in published literature. The development and modifications in the conventional RESS process to overcome the limitations of RESS are presented. Finally, the perspective on RESS with special attention to its commercial operation is highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Amit K Thakur
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Nilanjana Banerjee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Pranava Chaudhari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Vaksler Y, Benedis D, Dyshin A, Oparin R, Correia N, Capet F, Shishkina S, Kiselev M, Idrissi A. Spectroscopic characterization of single co-crystal of mefenamic acid and nicotinamide using supercritical CO2. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
19
|
Garg U, Azim Y. Challenges and opportunities of pharmaceutical cocrystals: a focused review on non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. RSC Med Chem 2021; 12:705-721. [PMID: 34124670 PMCID: PMC8152597 DOI: 10.1039/d0md00400f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The focus of the review is to discuss the relevant and essential aspects of pharmaceutical cocrystals in both academia and industry with an emphasis on non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Although cocrystals have been prepared for a plethora of drugs, NSAID cocrystals are focused due to their humongous application in different fields of medication such as antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antiplatelet, antitumor, and anti-carcinogenic drugs. The highlights of the review are (a) background of cocrystals and other solid forms of an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) based on the principles of crystal engineering, (b) why cocrystals are an excellent opportunity in the pharma industry, (c) common methods of preparation of cocrystals from the lab scale to bulk quantity, (d) some latest case studies of NSAIDs which have shown better physicochemical properties for example; mechanical properties (tabletability), hydration, solubility, bioavailability, and permeability, and (e) latest guidelines of the US FDA and EMA opening new opportunities and challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Utsav Garg
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Zakir Husain College of Engineering & Technology, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh 202002 Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Yasser Azim
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Zakir Husain College of Engineering & Technology, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh 202002 Uttar Pradesh India
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Long B, Verma V, Ryan KM, Padrela L. Generation and physicochemical characterization of posaconazole cocrystals using Gas Antisolvent (GAS) and Supercritical Solvent (CSS) methods. J Supercrit Fluids 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2020.105134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
21
|
Dias JL, Lanza M, Ferreira SR. Cocrystallization: A tool to modulate physicochemical and biological properties of food-relevant polyphenols. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
|
22
|
Liu G, Li J, Deng S. Applications of Supercritical Anti-Solvent Process in Preparation of Solid Multicomponent Systems. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13040475. [PMID: 33915815 PMCID: PMC8067079 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13040475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Solid multicomponent systems (SMS) are gaining an increasingly important role in the pharmaceutical industry, to improve the physicochemical properties of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). In recent years, various processes have been employed for SMS manufacturing. Control of the particle solid-state properties, such as size, morphology, and crystal form is required to optimize the SMS formulation. By utilizing the unique and tunable properties of supercritical fluids, supercritical anti-solvent (SAS) process holds great promise for the manipulation of the solid-state properties of APIs. The SAS techniques have been developed from batch to continuous mode. Their applications in SMS preparation are summarized in this review. Many pharmaceutical co-crystals and solid dispersions have been successfully produced via the SAS process, where the solid-state properties of APIs can be well designed by controlling the operating parameters. The underlying mechanisms on the manipulation of solid-state properties are discussed, with the help of on-line monitoring and computational techniques. With continuous researching, SAS process will give a large contribution to the scalable and continuous manufacturing of desired SMS in the near future.
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
With an increasing interest in cocrystals due to various advantages, demand for large-scale cocrystallization techniques is rising. Solution cocrystallization is a solvent-based approach that utilizes several single-component crystallization concepts as well as equipment for generating cocrystals. Solution-based techniques can produce cocrystals with reasonable control on purity, size distribution, morphology, and polymorphic form. Many of them also offer a scalable solution for the industrial production of cocrystals. However, the complexity of the thermodynamic landscape and the kinetics of cocrystallization offers fresh challenges which are not encountered in single component crystallization. This review focuses on the recent developments in different solution cocrystallization techniques for the production of pharmaceutically relevant cocrystals. The review consists of two sections. The first section describes the various solution cocrystallization methods, highlighting their benefits and limitations. The second section emphasizes the challenges in developing these techniques to an industrial scale and identifies the major thrust areas where further research is required.
Collapse
|
24
|
Powder coating and dissolution rate modification of L-leucine supplements with hydrophilic fumed SiO2 nanoparticles by ultrasonic irradiation in high-pressure liquid CO2. J Supercrit Fluids 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2020.105104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
25
|
Maan G, Sikdar B, Kumar A, Shukla R, Mishra A. Role of Flavonoids in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Limitations and Future Perspectives. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 20:1169-1194. [PMID: 32297582 DOI: 10.2174/1568026620666200416085330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flavonoids, a group of natural dietary polyphenols, are known for their beneficial effects on human health. By virtue of their various pharmacological effects, like anti-oxidative, antiinflammatory, anti-carcinogenic and neuroprotective effects, flavonoids have now become an important component of herbal supplements, pharmaceuticals, medicinals and cosmetics. There has been enormous literature supporting neuroprotective effect of flavonoids. Recently their efficacy in various neurodegenerative diseases, like Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson diseases, has received particular attention. OBJECTIVE The mechanism of flavanoids neuroprotection might include antioxidant, antiapoptotic, antineuroinflammatory and modulation of various cellular and intracellular targets. In in-vivo systems, before reaching to brain, they have to cross barriers like extensive first pass metabolism, intestinal barrier and ultimately blood brain barrier. Different flavonoids have varied pharmacokinetic characteristics, which affect their pharmacodynamic profile. Therefore, brain accessibility of flavonoids is still debatable. METHODS This review emphasized on current trends of research and development on flavonoids, especially in neurodegenerative diseases, possible challenges and strategies to encounter using novel drug delivery system. RESULTS Various flavonoids have elicited their therapeutic potential against neurodegenerative diseases, however by using nanotechnology and novel drug delivery systems, the bioavailability of favonoids could be enhanced. CONCLUSION This study bridges a significant opinion on medicinal chemistry, ethanopharmacology and new drug delivery research regarding use of flavonoids in management of neurodegeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gagandeep Maan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli (NIPER-R), Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Near CRPF Base Camp, Lucknow-226002, U.P., India
| | - Biplab Sikdar
- Department of Regulatory Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli (NIPER-R), Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Near CRPF Base Camp, Lucknow-226002, U.P., India
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli (NIPER-R), Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Near CRPF Base Camp, Lucknow-226002, U.P., India
| | - Rahul Shukla
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli (NIPER-R), Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Near CRPF Base Camp, Lucknow-226002, U.P., India
| | - Awanish Mishra
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli (NIPER-R), Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Near CRPF Base Camp, Lucknow-226002, U.P., India
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Cuadra IA, Cabañas A, Cheda JA, Türk M, Pando C. Cocrystallization of the anticancer drug 5-fluorouracil and coformers urea, thiourea or pyrazinamide using supercritical CO2 as an antisolvent (SAS) and as a solvent (CSS). J Supercrit Fluids 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2020.104813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
27
|
Wang BC, Su CS. Solid solubility measurement of ipriflavone in supercritical carbon dioxide and microparticle production through the rapid expansion of supercritical solutions process. J CO2 UTIL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2019.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
28
|
Chakravarty P, Famili A, Nagapudi K, Al-Sayah MA. Using Supercritical Fluid Technology as a Green Alternative During the Preparation of Drug Delivery Systems. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E629. [PMID: 31775292 PMCID: PMC6956038 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11120629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Micro- and nano-carrier formulations have been developed as drug delivery systems for active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) that suffer from poor physico-chemical, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic properties. Encapsulating the APIs in such systems can help improve their stability by protecting them from harsh conditions such as light, oxygen, temperature, pH, enzymes, and others. Consequently, the API's dissolution rate and bioavailability are tremendously improved. Conventional techniques used in the production of these drug carrier formulations have several drawbacks, including thermal and chemical stability of the APIs, excessive use of organic solvents, high residual solvent levels, difficult particle size control and distributions, drug loading-related challenges, and time and energy consumption. This review illustrates how supercritical fluid (SCF) technologies can be superior in controlling the morphology of API particles and in the production of drug carriers due to SCF's non-toxic, inert, economical, and environmentally friendly properties. The SCF's advantages, benefits, and various preparation methods are discussed. Drug carrier formulations discussed in this review include microparticles, nanoparticles, polymeric membranes, aerogels, microporous foams, solid lipid nanoparticles, and liposomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paroma Chakravarty
- Small Molecule Pharmaceutics, Genentech, Inc. So. San Francisco, CA 94080, USA; (P.C.); (K.N.)
| | - Amin Famili
- Small Molecule Analytical Chemistry, Genentech, Inc. So. San Francisco, CA 94080, USA;
| | - Karthik Nagapudi
- Small Molecule Pharmaceutics, Genentech, Inc. So. San Francisco, CA 94080, USA; (P.C.); (K.N.)
| | - Mohammad A. Al-Sayah
- Small Molecule Analytical Chemistry, Genentech, Inc. So. San Francisco, CA 94080, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Jiao Z, Wang X, Han S, Zha X, Xia J. Preparation of vitamin C liposomes by rapid expansion of supercritical solution process: Experiments and optimization. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
30
|
Aizawa T. Peel and Penetration Resistance of Porous Polyethylene Terephthalate Material Produced by CO₂-Assisted Polymer Compression. Molecules 2019; 24:E1384. [PMID: 30970541 PMCID: PMC6480030 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24071384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
CO₂-assisted polymer compression (CAPC) involves adhering fiber sheets without impurities at room temperature and producing porous materials suitable for use in medical and skin-contactable products. The mechanical strength of the resultant porous material has not yet been reported. The penetration resistance of the CAPC material, which is a laminated material comprising fibrous polymer sheets, was measured, and this increased gradually with the density. Additionally, a T-type peel test was performed on the CAPC material, and the peel resistance increased rapidly with the density. The peel resistance enhancement is effectively explained by the cross-sectional analysis model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Aizawa
- Research Institute for Chemical Process Technology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 4-2-1 Nigatake, Miyagino-ku, Sendai 983-8551, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Some Advances in Supercritical Fluid Extraction for Fuels, Bio-Materials and Purification. Processes (Basel) 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/pr7030156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Supercritical fluids are used for the extraction of desired ingredients from natural materials, but also for the removal of undesired and harmful ingredients. In this paper, the pertinent physical and chemical properties of supercritical water, methanol, ethanol, carbon dioxide, and their mixtures are provided. The methodologies used with supercritical fluid extraction are briefly dealt with. Advances in the application of supercritical extraction to fuels, the gaining of antioxidants and other useful items from biomass, the removal of undesired ingredients or contaminants, and the preparation of nanosized particles of drugs are described.
Collapse
|
32
|
Roca-Paixão L, Correia NT, Affouard F. Affinity prediction computations and mechanosynthesis of carbamazepine based cocrystals. CrystEngComm 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ce01160a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A combination of the excess enthalpy with the fusion entropy of the pure coformer is suggested to be of interest for coformers screening in order to form a multicomponent system with a given API (cocrystal/co-amorphous).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Roca-Paixão
- Univ. Lille
- CNRS
- INRA
- ENSCL
- UMR 8207 – UMET – Unité Matériaux et Transformations
| | - Natália T. Correia
- Univ. Lille
- CNRS
- INRA
- ENSCL
- UMR 8207 – UMET – Unité Matériaux et Transformations
| | - Frédéric Affouard
- Univ. Lille
- CNRS
- INRA
- ENSCL
- UMR 8207 – UMET – Unité Matériaux et Transformations
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Cuadra IA, Zahran F, Martín D, Cabañas A, Pando C. Preparation of 5-fluorouracil microparticles and 5-fluorouracil/poly(l-lactide) composites by a supercritical CO2 antisolvent process. J Supercrit Fluids 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2018.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
34
|
Ahuja D, Svärd M, Rasmuson ÅC. Investigation of solid–liquid phase diagrams of the sulfamethazine–salicylic acid co-crystal. CrystEngComm 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ce00124g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ternary phase diagrams for sulfamethazine–salicylic acid co-crystal have been constructed in three solvent systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dipali Ahuja
- Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre
- Bernal Institute
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Limerick
- Ireland
| | - Michael Svärd
- Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre
- Bernal Institute
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Limerick
- Ireland
| | - Åke C. Rasmuson
- Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre
- Bernal Institute
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Limerick
- Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Sathisaran I, Dalvi SV. Engineering Cocrystals of PoorlyWater-Soluble Drugs to Enhance Dissolution in Aqueous Medium. Pharmaceutics 2018; 10:E108. [PMID: 30065221 PMCID: PMC6161265 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics10030108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) Class II and IV drugs suffer from poor aqueous solubility and hence low bioavailability. Most of these drugs are hydrophobic and cannot be developed into a pharmaceutical formulation due to their poor aqueous solubility. One of the ways to enhance the aqueous solubility of poorlywater-soluble drugs is to use the principles of crystal engineering to formulate cocrystals of these molecules with water-soluble molecules (which are generally called coformers). Many researchers have shown that the cocrystals significantly enhance the aqueous solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs. In this review, we present a consolidated account of reports available in the literature related to the cocrystallization of poorly water-soluble drugs. The current practice to formulate new drug cocrystals with enhanced solubility involves a lot of empiricism. Therefore, in this work, attempts have been made to understand a general framework involved in successful (and unsuccessful) cocrystallization events which can yield different solid forms such as cocrystals, cocrystal polymorphs, cocrystal hydrates/solvates, salts, coamorphous solids, eutectics and solid solutions. The rationale behind screening suitable coformers for cocrystallization has been explained based on the rules of five i.e., hydrogen bonding, halogen bonding (and in general non-covalent bonding), length of carbon chain, molecular recognition points and coformer aqueous solubility. Different techniques to screen coformers for effective cocrystallization and methods to synthesize cocrystals have been discussed. Recent advances in technologies for continuous and solvent-free production of cocrystals have also been discussed. Furthermore, mechanisms involved in solubilization of these solid forms and the parameters influencing dissolution and stability of specific solid forms have been discussed. Overall, this review provides a consolidated account of the rationale for design of cocrystals, past efforts, recent developments and future perspectives for cocrystallization research which will be extremely useful for researchers working in pharmaceutical formulation development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Indumathi Sathisaran
- Department of Biological Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India.
| | - Sameer Vishvanath Dalvi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Supercritical carbon dioxide-based technologies for the production of drug nanoparticles/nanocrystals - A comprehensive review. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 131:22-78. [PMID: 30026127 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Low drug bioavailability, which is mostly a result of poor aqueous drug solubilities and of inadequate drug dissolution rates, is one of the most significant challenges that pharmaceutical companies are currently facing, since this may limit the therapeutic efficacy of marketed drugs, or even result in the discard of potential highly effective drug candidates during developmental stages. Two of the main approaches that have been implemented in recent years to overcome poor drug solubility/dissolution issues have frequently involved drug particle size reduction (i.e., micronization/nanonization) and/or the modification of some of the physicochemical and structural properties of poorly water soluble drugs. A large number of particle engineering methodologies have been developed, tested, and applied in the synthesis and control of particle size/particle-size distributions, crystallinities, and polymorphic purities of drug micro- and nano-particles/crystals. In recent years pharmaceutical processing using supercritical fluids (SCF), in general, and supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2), in particular, have attracted a great attention from the pharmaceutical industry. This is mostly due to the several well-known advantageous technical features of these processes, as well as to other increasingly important subjects for the pharmaceutical industry, namely their "green", sustainable, safe and "environmentally-friendly" intrinsic characteristics. In this work, it is presented a comprehensive state-of-the-art review on scCO2-based processes focused on the formation and on the control of the physicochemical, structural and morphological properties of amorphous/crystalline pure drug nanoparticles. It is presented and discussed the most relevant scCO2, scCO2-based fluids and drug physicochemical properties that are pertinent for the development of successful pharmaceutical products, namely those that are critical in the selection of an adequate scCO2-based method to produce pure drug nanoparticles/nanocrystals. scCO2-based nanoparticle formation methodologies are classified in three main families, and in terms of the most important role played by scCO2 in particle formation processes: as a solvent; as an antisolvent or a co-antisolvent; and as a "high mobility" additive (a solute, a co-solute, or a co-solvent). Specific particle formation methods belonging to each one of these families are presented, discussed and compared. Some selected amorphous/crystalline drug nanoparticles that were prepared by these methods are compiled and presented, namely those studied in the last 10-15 years. A special emphasis is given to the formation of drug cocrystals. It is also discussed the fundamental knowledge and the main mechanisms in which the scCO2-based particle formation methods rely on, as well as the current status and urgent needs in terms of reliable experimental data and of robust modeling approaches. Other addressed and discussed topics include the currently available and the most adequate physicochemical, morphological and biological characterization methods required for pure drug nanoparticles/nanocrystals, some of the current nanometrology and regulatory issues associated to the use of these methods, as well as some scale-up, post-processing and pharmaceutical regulatory subjects related to the industrial implementation of these scCO2-based processes. Finally, it is also discussed the current status of these techniques, as well as their future major perspectives and opportunities for industrial implementation in the upcoming years.
Collapse
|
37
|
Polymorphism in the co-crystallization of the anticonvulsant drug carbamazepine and saccharin using supercritical CO2 as an anti-solvent. J Supercrit Fluids 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2018.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
38
|
|
39
|
Ciou JM, Wang BC, Su CS, Liu JJ, Sheu MT. Measurement of solid solubility of warfarin in supercritical carbon dioxide and recrystallization study using supercritical antisolvent process. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
40
|
Frizzo CP, Bender CR, Salbego PRS, Farias CAA, Villetti MA, Martins MAP. Heteroassembly Ability of Dicationic Ionic Liquids and Neutral Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:2282-2291. [PMID: 31458529 PMCID: PMC6641490 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b02097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Extensive investigation of interactions and aggregation properties of IL + API systems is necessary to apply ionic liquids (ILs) with different hydrophobic characteristics to drug delivery or in active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) formulations. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the heteroassembly between dicationic ILs ([BisOct(MIM)2][2X], in which X is Br or BF4, and [BisOct(BnIM)2][2Br]), both in the absence and the presence of neutral APIs (salicylic acid, ibuprofen, and paracetamol) with different functional groups. Isothermal titration calorimetry results demonstrate that IL-API associations occur at very low concentrations of IL. These results were reinforced by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry with variable collision-induced dissociation, in which the IL dication interactions with APIs were detected. The strength of the dication-API interaction was determined from E cm,1/2 data. The aggregation parameters (cac, ΔG agg °, and K) between ILs and APIs were evaluated by conductivity. The 1H NMR data showed that differences in chemical shifts provided relevant insights about interaction sites in both components.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clarissa P. Frizzo
- Núcleo
de Química de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE), Department
of Chemistry, and Laboratório de Espectroscopia e Polímeros (LEPOL),
Department of Physics, Federal University
of Santa Maria, UFSM, 97105-900 Santa Maria, Rio
Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Caroline R. Bender
- Núcleo
de Química de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE), Department
of Chemistry, and Laboratório de Espectroscopia e Polímeros (LEPOL),
Department of Physics, Federal University
of Santa Maria, UFSM, 97105-900 Santa Maria, Rio
Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Paulo R. S. Salbego
- Núcleo
de Química de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE), Department
of Chemistry, and Laboratório de Espectroscopia e Polímeros (LEPOL),
Department of Physics, Federal University
of Santa Maria, UFSM, 97105-900 Santa Maria, Rio
Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Carla A. A. Farias
- Núcleo
de Química de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE), Department
of Chemistry, and Laboratório de Espectroscopia e Polímeros (LEPOL),
Department of Physics, Federal University
of Santa Maria, UFSM, 97105-900 Santa Maria, Rio
Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Marcos A. Villetti
- Núcleo
de Química de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE), Department
of Chemistry, and Laboratório de Espectroscopia e Polímeros (LEPOL),
Department of Physics, Federal University
of Santa Maria, UFSM, 97105-900 Santa Maria, Rio
Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Marcos A. P. Martins
- Núcleo
de Química de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE), Department
of Chemistry, and Laboratório de Espectroscopia e Polímeros (LEPOL),
Department of Physics, Federal University
of Santa Maria, UFSM, 97105-900 Santa Maria, Rio
Grande do Sul, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Pharmaceutical Cocrystals: New Solid Phase Modification Approaches for the Formulation of APIs. Pharmaceutics 2018; 10:pharmaceutics10010018. [PMID: 29370068 PMCID: PMC5874831 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics10010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cocrystals can be used as an alternative approach based on crystal engineering to enhance specific physicochemical and biopharmaceutical properties of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) when the approaches to salt or polymorph formation do not meet the expected targets. In this article, an overview of pharmaceutical cocrystals will be presented, with an emphasis on the intermolecular interactions in cocrystals and the methods for their preparation. Furthermore, cocrystals of direct pharmaceutical interest, along with their in vitro properties and available in vivo data and characterization techniques are discussed, highlighting the potential of cocrystals as an attractive route for drug development.
Collapse
|
42
|
Aizawa T. Fabrication of porosity-controlled polyethylene terephthalate porous materials using a CO 2-assisted polymer compression method. RSC Adv 2018; 8:3061-3068. [PMID: 35541174 PMCID: PMC9077581 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra12184a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study is to fabricate porosity-controlled polyethylene terephthalate porous materials using a CO2-assisted polymer compression (CAPC) method. In a previous study, the CAPC method was used to fabricate porous polymer materials by compressing fabric sheets in the presence of CO2. However, the controllability of the porosity was not clear in the previous study. In this study, it is shown that the porosity of porous polymer materials could be easily controlled by adjusting the operating conditions of the CAPC method, using polyethylene terephthalate (PET) nonwoven fabric sheets. Using mercury porosimetry, a decrease in the porosity induced by compression accompanied by a decrease in the pore size is demonstrated. Scanning electron micrographs strongly indicate the plasticization of PET fibers by CO2. Porosity-controlled polyethylene terephthalate porous materials can be easily fabricated by using a CO2-assisted polymer compression (CAPC) method.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Aizawa
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Research Institute for Chemical Process Technology 4-2-1 Nigatake, Miyagino-ku Sendai 983-8551 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Dai XL, Chen JM, Lu TB. Pharmaceutical cocrystallization: an effective approach to modulate the physicochemical properties of solid-state drugs. CrystEngComm 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ce00707a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This highlight presents an update on applications of cocrystallization to modify properties relevant to efficacy, safety, and manufacturability of drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xia-Lin Dai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Jia-Mei Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Tianjin University of Technology
- Tianjin 300384
- China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | - Tong-Bu Lu
- Institute for New Energy Materials and Low Carbon Technologies
- Tianjin University of Technology
- Tianjin 300384
- China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Advanced methodologies for cocrystal synthesis. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 117:178-195. [PMID: 28712924 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical cocrystals are multicomponent systems composed of two or more molecules and held together by H-bonding. Currently, cocrystals provide exciting opportunities in the pharmaceutical industry for the development and manufacturing of new medicines by improving poor physical properties of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) such as processability, solubility, stability and bioavailability. According to the recent reclassification, cocrystals are considered as drug polymorph rather a new API which has a significant impact on drug development, regulatory submissions and intellectual property protection. This review summarizes recent trends and advances in synthesis, manufacturing and scale - up of cocrystals. The operational principles of several cocrystals manufacturing technologies are discussed including their advantages and disadvantages in terms of crystal quality, purity stability, throughput and limitations in large scale production.
Collapse
|
45
|
Chatterjee T, Kumar NT, Das SK. A planar anthracene–imidazolium/anthracene–benzimidazolium cation system in a spherical polyoxometalate matrix: Synthesis, crystallography and spectroscopy. Polyhedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2017.01.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|