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Akrout M, Ben Difallah B, Kharrat M, Dammak M, Pereira A, Oliveira FJ, Duarte I. On the Structural, Thermal, Micromechanical and Tribological Characterizations of Cu-Filled Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Micro-Composites. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6428. [PMID: 37834565 PMCID: PMC10573974 DOI: 10.3390/ma16196428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this work was to investigate the structural, thermal, micromechanical and tribological properties of novel polymer/metal composite materials for bearing applications. Copper (Cu)-filled Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) composites were mixed in a laboratory scale by an internal mixer with two blade impellers, and then injection-molded. Neat ABS, ABS+5wt% Cu, ABS+10wt% Cu, and ABS+15wt% Cu were the four materials that were tested. The dispersion of Cu particles in the ABS matrix was investigated using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and a micro-tomography scan. The filler particles have a uniform distribution in the matrix, according to the observations. The incorporation of Cu filler also refined an increase in the glass transition temperature from Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and less intensity in the amorphous phase by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Nanoindentation tests were carried out to characterize the micro-mechanical behavior of the composites. Friction and wear analysis were also examined using a pin-on-disk tribometer. Compared with neat ABS, all the micro-composites showed much higher indentation hardness, Vickers hardness, and indentation elastic modulus. It was also concluded that the incorporation of Cu filler into ABS simultaneously improved the friction and wear properties of the composites, which contributed to the suitability of the micro-filled composites with hard metallic particles for a wider range of mechanical components for bearing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mabrouka Akrout
- Laboratory of Electromechanical Systems, National School of Engineers of Sfax, University of Sfax, Soukra Road, Km 3.5, PO Box 1173, Sfax 3038, Tunisia; (M.A.); (B.B.D.); (M.D.)
| | - Basma Ben Difallah
- Laboratory of Electromechanical Systems, National School of Engineers of Sfax, University of Sfax, Soukra Road, Km 3.5, PO Box 1173, Sfax 3038, Tunisia; (M.A.); (B.B.D.); (M.D.)
| | - Mohamed Kharrat
- Laboratory of Electromechanical Systems, National School of Engineers of Sfax, University of Sfax, Soukra Road, Km 3.5, PO Box 1173, Sfax 3038, Tunisia; (M.A.); (B.B.D.); (M.D.)
| | - Maher Dammak
- Laboratory of Electromechanical Systems, National School of Engineers of Sfax, University of Sfax, Soukra Road, Km 3.5, PO Box 1173, Sfax 3038, Tunisia; (M.A.); (B.B.D.); (M.D.)
| | - António Pereira
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation (TEMA), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.P.); (I.D.)
- LASI—Intelligent Systems Associate Laboratory, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Filipe J. Oliveira
- CICECO, Department of Materials Engineering and Ceramics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Isabel Duarte
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation (TEMA), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.P.); (I.D.)
- LASI—Intelligent Systems Associate Laboratory, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal
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Purabgola A, Mayilswamy N, Kandasubramanian B. Graphene-based TiO 2 composites for photocatalysis & environmental remediation: synthesis and progress. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:32305-32325. [PMID: 35137316 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18983-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Photoactive nanomaterials constitute an emerging field in nanotechnology, finding an extensive array of applications spanning diverse areas, including electronics and photovoltaic devices, solar fuel cells, wastewater treatment, etc. Titanium dioxide (TiO2), in its thin-film form, has been exhaustively surveyed as potential photocatalysts for environmental remediation owing to its innocuousness, stability, and photocatalytic characteristics when subjected to ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. However, TiO2 has some shortcomings associated with a large bandgap value of around 3.2 eV, making it less efficient in the visible spectral range. TiO2 is often consolidated with various carbon nanomaterials to overcome this limitation and enhance its efficiency. Graphene, a 2-dimensional allotrope of carbon with a bandgap tuned between 0 and 0.25 eV, exhibits unique properties, making it an attractive candidate to augment the photoactivity of semiconductor (SC) oxides. Encapsulating graphene oxide onto TiO2 nanospheres demonstrates intensified photocatalytic properties and exceptional recyclability for the degeneration of certain dyes, including Rhodamine B. This review encompasses various techniques to synthesize graphene-based TiO2 photoactive composites, emphasizing graphene capsulized hollow titania nanospheres, nanofibers, core/shell, and reduced graphene oxide-TiO2-based nanocomposites. It also consolidates the application of the aforestated nanocomposites for the disintegration of various synthetic dyes, proving efficacious for water decontamination and degradation of chemicals and pharmaceuticals. Furthermore, graphene-based TiO2 nanocomposites used as lithium (Li)-ion batteries manifesting substantial electrochemical performance and solar fuel cells for energy production are discussed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anushka Purabgola
- Centre for Converging Technologies, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, 302004, Rajasthan, India
| | - Neelaambhigai Mayilswamy
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU), Ministry of Defence, Girinagar, Pune, 411025, Maharashtra, India
| | - Balasubramanian Kandasubramanian
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU), Ministry of Defence, Girinagar, Pune, 411025, Maharashtra, India.
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Gore PM, Naebe M, Wang X, Kandasubramanian B. Nano-fluoro dispersion functionalized superhydrophobic degummed & waste silk fabric for sustained recovery of petroleum oils & organic solvents from wastewater. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 426:127822. [PMID: 34823952 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Superwettable and chemically stable waste silk fabric and degummed silk were used in this study for treatment of oily wastewater and oil/solvent recovery. Silk functionalized with a nano-fluoro dispersion showed a superhydrophobic and oleophilic nature. The functionalized silk demonstrated superoleophilicity towards petroleum oils and organic solvents, and exhibited filtration efficiencies of more than 95%, and up to 70% till 25 re-usable cycles. Furthermore, the functionalized silk materials demonstrated high permeation flux of 584 L.m-2.h-1 (for Diesel) for continuous oil-water separation operation. The pH based study in highly acidic and alkaline mediums (pH from 1 to 13) showed excellent stability of nano-fluoro coated silk. Thermogravimetric analysis showed thermal stability up to 250 °C, and 400 °C, for functionalized waste silk, and degummed silk, respectively. FE-SEM analysis revealed randomly oriented spindle shaped nano particles anchored on the silk surface exhibiting hierarchical patterns, as required for the superhydrophobic Cassie-Baxter state. The rate absorption study showed close curve fitting for pseudo second order kinetics (R2 = 0.999), which indicated physical absorption process. BET analysis confirmed the porous nature, while the elemental XPS and EDX analysis confirmed strong bonding and uniform coating of fluoro nanoparticles on silk surface. The results demonstrated that nano-fluoro dispersion functionalized silk can be successfully employed for effective oil/solvent-water filtration, oil/solvent-spill cleanups, and treatment of oily wastewater for protection of water resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash M Gore
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds Campus, Geelong 3220, Victoria, Australia; Nano Surface Texturing Lab, Department of Metallurgical & Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU), Ministry of Defence, Girinagar, Pune 411025, India
| | - Minoo Naebe
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds Campus, Geelong 3220, Victoria, Australia
| | - Xungai Wang
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds Campus, Geelong 3220, Victoria, Australia
| | - Balasubramanian Kandasubramanian
- Nano Surface Texturing Lab, Department of Metallurgical & Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU), Ministry of Defence, Girinagar, Pune 411025, India.
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The effect of pigment volume concentration on self-stratification and physico-mechanical properties of solvent-free silicone/epoxy coating systems. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04138-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Mayilswamy N, Boney N, Kandasubramanian B. Fabrication and molecular dynamics studies of layer-by-layer polyelectrolytic films. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Suraj Belgaonkar M, Kandasubramanian B. Hyperbranched Polymer-based Nanocomposites: Synthesis, Progress, and Applications. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Udayakumar KV, Gore PM, Kandasubramanian B. Foamed materials for oil-water separation. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL ADVANCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2020.100076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Issac MN, Kandasubramanian B. Review of manufacturing three-dimensional-printed membranes for water treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:36091-36108. [PMID: 32627102 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09452-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
With the exacerbation of industrialization, water treatment has become a necessary step for the eradication of dyes, heavy metals, oils, pharmaceuticals, and illicit drugs. These pollutants pose an impending threat to the health of humans by causing chronic or acute poisoning. Albeit they are noxious, the presence of some metals in lower concentrations is indispensable for human health. 3D printing (additive manufacturing) (3DP) can contrive nearly any complicated geometric form in a wide array of objects among various scales by a layer-wise method of manufacturing, which is more indubitably designed than any other conventional method. 3DP could remodel the existing patterns of membrane housing and possibly trim down the power demand and chemical use in saltwater desalinating and wastewater purification plants. Membranes that are 3D printed with correctly arranged apertures and shapes enhance material transport and flow athwart the surface of the membrane and at once lessen membrane soiling. This kind of technology forges membranes of polymers, biopolymers, alloys, metals, and ceramics via computer-aided design (CAD). A polylactic acid porous super-hydrophobic membrane with pore size in the range 40-600 μm showed 99.4% oil-water separating power and 60 kL h-1 m-2 flux when the pore size was tuned to 250 μm via CAD-aided 3D printing technology. This review focuses on the ability of 3D-printed membranes for the efficient removal of toxic pollutants from wastewater. Graphical abstract 3D-printed membranes for water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merlin N Issac
- CIPET: Institute of Plastics Technology (IPT), HIL Colony, Edayar Road, Pathalam, Eloor, Udyogamandal P.O, Kochi, Kerala, 683501, India
| | - Balasubramanian Kandasubramanian
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU), Girinagar, Pune, Maharashtra, 411025, India.
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Gore PM, Naebe M, Wang X, Kandasubramanian B. Silk fibres exhibiting biodegradability & superhydrophobicity for recovery of petroleum oils from oily wastewater. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 389:121823. [PMID: 31859169 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Present study reports superhydrophobic-oleophilic, environment-friendly, & biodegradable silk material derived from Bombyx mori silkworm, for practical oil-water separation and oil recovery applications. In this study, raw silk fibers were degummed using water and Na2CO3 (at 100 °C), for removal of outer gummy sericin protein layer, which was confirmed using FTIR & FE-SEM analysis. The water & Na2CO3 degummed silk fibers showed superhydrophobicity with water contact angles (WCA) of 153° & 158°, respectively, demonstrating Wenzel & Cassi-Baxter states. Degummed silk fibers showed superoleophilicity (OCA∼0°) towards petroleum oils like Petrol, Diesel, & Engine oil. The water & Na2CO3 degummed silk fibers showed oil-water separation efficiencies of 95 % & 87.5 %, respectively. Both degummed silk fibers showed more than 50 % efficiency till 10 separation cycles. Further, raw & degummed silk fibers showed an environmental biocompatibility, by their biodegradation under in-house developed biotic de-compost culture consisting of biodegrading micro-organisms. Their analysis showed that biotic de-compost culture rendered biodegradation weight loss of 11 % and 18 %, respectively, in 35 days. Successive results showed that, degummed silk fibers can be effectively utilized for practical oil-water separation, and further, they can be environmentally biodegraded, thereby mitigating their waste generation and disposal problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash M Gore
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Warun Ponds Campus, Geelong 3220, Victoria, Australia; Nano Surface Texturing Lab, Department of Metallurgical & Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU), Ministry of Defence, Girinagar, Pune 411025, India
| | - Minoo Naebe
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Warun Ponds Campus, Geelong 3220, Victoria, Australia
| | - Xungai Wang
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Warun Ponds Campus, Geelong 3220, Victoria, Australia
| | - Balasubramanian Kandasubramanian
- Nano Surface Texturing Lab, Department of Metallurgical & Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU), Ministry of Defence, Girinagar, Pune 411025, India.
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Cherukattu Gopinathapanicker J, Inamdar A, Anand A, Joshi M, Kandasubramanian B. Radar Transparent, Impact-Resistant, and High-Temperature Capable Radome Composites Using Polyetherimide-Toughened Cyanate Ester Resins for High-Speed Aircrafts through Resin Film Infusion. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b06439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jayalakshmi Cherukattu Gopinathapanicker
- Composites Research Centre, Research and Development Establishment (Engineers), DRDO, Ministry of Defence, Pune 411015, India
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology, Ministry of Defence, Pune 411025, India
| | - Ahmed Inamdar
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology, Ministry of Defence, Pune 411025, India
| | - Anoop Anand
- Composites Research Centre, Research and Development Establishment (Engineers), DRDO, Ministry of Defence, Pune 411015, India
| | - Makarand Joshi
- Composites Research Centre, Research and Development Establishment (Engineers), DRDO, Ministry of Defence, Pune 411015, India
| | - Balasubramanian Kandasubramanian
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology, Ministry of Defence, Pune 411025, India
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Multifunctional conjugated 1,6-heptadiynes and its derivatives stimulated molecular electronics: Future moletronics. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.109467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Poly(1,6-heptadiyne)/ABS functionalized microfibers for hydrophobic applications. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-019-1981-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Gudivada G, Kandasubramanian B. Polymer - phyllosilicate nanocomposites for high-temperature structural application. POLYM-PLAST TECH MAT 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/25740881.2019.1669654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giridhar Gudivada
- Structural Composite Fabrication Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical &Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU), Ministry of Defence, Girinagar, India
| | - Balasubramanian Kandasubramanian
- Structural Composite Fabrication Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical &Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU), Ministry of Defence, Girinagar, India
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Kakulite KK, Panwar SS, Kandasubramanian B. A review: advancements in fluoro-based polymers for aggrandizing anti-galling and wear resistant characteristics. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-019-0924-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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17
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Korde JM, Kandasubramanian B. Fundamentals and Effects of Biomimicking Stimuli-Responsive Polymers for Engineering Functions. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b00683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jay M. Korde
- Biocomposite Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical & Materials Engineering, DIAT (DU), Ministry of Defence, Girinagar, Pune-411025, India
| | - Balasubramanian Kandasubramanian
- Biocomposite Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical & Materials Engineering, DIAT (DU), Ministry of Defence, Girinagar, Pune-411025, India
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Gudivada G, Kandasubramanian B. Zirconium-Doped Hybrid Composite Systems for Ultrahigh-Temperature Oxidation Applications: A Review. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b05586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giridhar Gudivada
- Structural Composite Fabrication Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical & Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU), Ministry of Defence, Girinagar, Pune-411025, India
| | - Balasubramanian Kandasubramanian
- Structural Composite Fabrication Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical & Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU), Ministry of Defence, Girinagar, Pune-411025, India
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Nanotechnology for Oil-Water Separation. ADVANCED RESEARCH IN NANOSCIENCES FOR WATER TECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-02381-2_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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20
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Gore PM, Kandasubramanian B. Functionalized Aramid Fibers and Composites for Protective Applications: A Review. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b04903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prakash M. Gore
- Structural Composite Fabrication Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical & Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU), Pune-411025, India
| | - Balasubramanian Kandasubramanian
- Structural Composite Fabrication Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical & Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU), Pune-411025, India
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Zhao X, Bai L, Bao RY, Liu ZY, Yang MB, Yang W. Excellent mechanical performance and enhanced dielectric properties of OBC/SiO2 elastomeric nanocomposites: effect of dispersion of the SiO2 nanoparticles. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra08074c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A chain-like network structure and irregular dispersion of fillers are formed in OBC/SiO2 nanocomposites. Excellent mechanical performance and enhanced dielectric properties of OBC/SiO2 elastomeric nanocomposites are realized due to the peculiar chain-like network of the fillers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Zhao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Sichuan University
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Lu Bai
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Sichuan University
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Rui-Ying Bao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Sichuan University
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Zheng-Ying Liu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Sichuan University
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Ming-Bo Yang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Sichuan University
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Wei Yang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Sichuan University
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Chengdu
- China
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