1
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Heyer AJ, Plessers D, Ma J, Snyder BER, Schoonheydt RA, Sels BF, Solomon EI. Magnetic Exchange Coupling in Zeolite Copper Dimers and Its Contribution to Methane Activation. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:6061-6071. [PMID: 38385349 PMCID: PMC11285328 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c13295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
The highly reactive binuclear [Cu2O]2+ active site in copper zeolites activates the inert C-H bond of methane at low temperatures, offering a potential solution to reduce methane flaring and mitigate atmospheric methane levels. While substantial progress has been made in understanding the activation of methane by this core, one critical aspect, the active site's spin, has remained undetermined. In this study, we use variable-temperature, variable-field magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopy to define the ground state spin of the [Cu2O]2+ active sites in Cu-CHA and Cu-MFI. This novel approach allows for site-selective determination of the magnetic exchange coupling between the two copper centers of specific [Cu2O]2+ cores in a heterogeneous mixture, circumventing the drawbacks of bulk magnetic techniques. These experimental findings are coupled to density functional theory calculations to elucidate magnetostructural correlations in copper zeolites that are different from those of homogeneous binuclear Cu(II) complexes. The different spin states for the [Cu2O]2+ cores have different reactivities governed by how methane approaches the active site. This introduces a new understanding of zeolite topological control on active site reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Heyer
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Leuven B-3001, Belgium
| | - Dieter Plessers
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Leuven B-3001, Belgium
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Leuven B-3001, Belgium
| | - Benjamin E R Snyder
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Robert A Schoonheydt
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Leuven B-3001, Belgium
| | - Bert F Sels
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Leuven B-3001, Belgium
| | - Edward I Solomon
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
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2
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Dong H, Jiang D, Xing S, Zhao L, Hu L, Mao J, Zhang H. Enhanced Performance of Li-Rich Manganese Oxide Cathode Synergistically Modificated by F-Doping and Oleic Acid Treatment. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2307156. [PMID: 38054793 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Even lithium-rich manganese oxides (LRMOs) are considered as promising cathode materials for next-generation lithium-ion batteries, their commercialization is hindered mainly by the low initial Coulombic efficiency, poor cyclability and unexpected capacity fade. Here, a synergistic modification strategy by using both F doping and weak organic acid surface treatment is proposed to improve the electrochemical performances of LRMOs significantly. Optimized Li1.2 Mn0.54 Ni0.13 Co0.13 O1.95 F0.05 sample with surface oxygen vacancy defects and thin carbon coating layer exhibits profound electrochemical performances, for example, discharging capacities of 298.6 and 212.5 mAh g-1 at 0.1 C and 1 C rate, respectively. In addition, it can own an initial Coulombic efficiency of 84.4%, which is much higher than that of untreated sample. In situ X-ray diffraction analysis implies that synergistic modification can enhance the skeleton stability of LRMOs , especially at a high state of charge. Galvanostatic intermittent titration technique analysis suggests that as-developed synergistic modification can accelerate the lithium ions diffusion. Theoretical calculations reveal that substituted F and oxygen vacancy defects can diminish the diffusion energy barrier of Li+ ions. This work provides a new synergistic modification strategy to improve the comprehensive properties of LRMO cathode effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Dong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, P. R. China
| | - Danfeng Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Shengzhou Xing
- Henan Key Laboratory of Energy Storage Materials and Processes, Zhengzhou Institute of Emerging Industrial Technology, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Lina Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Polymer and Catalyst Synthesis Technology of Liaoning Province, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang, 110870, P. R. China
| | - Lei Hu
- School of Energy Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University, Hefei, 230601, P. R. China
| | - Jing Mao
- State Centre for International Cooperation on Designer Low-Carbon and Environmental Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Haitao Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, P. R. China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Energy Storage Materials and Processes, Zhengzhou Institute of Emerging Industrial Technology, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
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3
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Direct observation of Cu in high-silica chabazite zeolite by electron ptychography using Wigner distribution deconvolution. Sci Rep 2023; 13:316. [PMID: 36609476 PMCID: PMC9822938 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27452-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Direct observation of Cu in Cu-chabazite (CHA) zeolite has been achieved by electron ptychography using the Wigner distribution deconvolution. The imaging properties of ptychographically reconstructed images were evaluated by comparing the intensities of six-membered-ring columns of the zeolite with and without Cu using simulated ptychography images. It was concluded that although false contrast may appear at Cu-free columns for some acquisition conditions, ptychography can discriminate columns with and without Cu. Experimental observation of CHA with and without Cu was performed. Images obtained from the Cu-containing sample showed contrast at the six-membered-rings, while no contrast was observed for the Cu-free sample. The results show that ptychography is a promising technique for visualizing the atomic structures of beam-sensitive materials.
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4
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Cui L, Liu C, Yao B, Edwards PP, Xiao T, Cao F. A review of catalytic hydrogenation of carbon dioxide: From waste to hydrocarbons. Front Chem 2022; 10:1037997. [PMID: 36304742 PMCID: PMC9592991 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1037997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
With the rapid development of industrial society and humankind’s prosperity, the growing demands of global energy, mainly based on the combustion of hydrocarbon fossil fuels, has become one of the most severe challenges all over the world. It is estimated that fossil fuel consumption continues to grow with an annual increase rate of 1.3%, which has seriously affected the natural environment through the emission of greenhouse gases, most notably carbon dioxide (CO2). Given these recognized environmental concerns, it is imperative to develop clean technologies for converting captured CO2 to high-valued chemicals, one of which is value-added hydrocarbons. In this article, environmental effects due to CO2 emission are discussed and various routes for CO2 hydrogenation to hydrocarbons including light olefins, fuel oils (gasoline and jet fuel), and aromatics are comprehensively elaborated. Our emphasis is on catalyst development. In addition, we present an outlook that summarizes the research challenges and opportunities associated with the hydrogenation of CO2 to hydrocarbon products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingrui Cui
- Engineering Research Center of Large Scale Reactor, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Cao Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Large Scale Reactor, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Benzhen Yao
- OXCCU Tech Ltd, Centre for Innovation and Enterprise, Begbroke Science Park, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Peter P. Edwards
- OXCCU Tech Ltd, Centre for Innovation and Enterprise, Begbroke Science Park, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Tiancun Xiao
- OXCCU Tech Ltd, Centre for Innovation and Enterprise, Begbroke Science Park, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Fahai Cao, ; Tiancun Xiao,
| | - Fahai Cao
- Engineering Research Center of Large Scale Reactor, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Fahai Cao, ; Tiancun Xiao,
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5
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Wang H, Liu L, Wang J, Li C, Hou J, Zheng K. The Development of iDPC-STEM and Its Application in Electron Beam Sensitive Materials. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27123829. [PMID: 35744947 PMCID: PMC9231126 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The main aspects of material research: material synthesis, material structure, and material properties, are interrelated. Acquiring atomic structure information of electron beam sensitive materials by electron microscope, such as porous zeolites, organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites, metal-organic frameworks, is an important and challenging task. The difficulties in characterization of the structures will inevitably limit the optimization of their synthesis methods and further improve their performance. The emergence of integrated differential phase contrast scanning transmission electron microscopy (iDPC-STEM), a STEM characterization technique capable of obtaining images with high signal-to-noise ratio under lower doses, has made great breakthroughs in the atomic structure characterization of these materials. This article reviews the developments and applications of iDPC-STEM in electron beam sensitive materials, and provides an outlook on its capabilities and development.
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Li W, Zhang J, Jiang X, Mu M, Zhang A, Song C, Guo X. Co-Promoted In 2O 3/ZrO 2 Integrated with Ultrathin Nanosheet HZSM-5 as Efficient Catalysts for CO 2 Hydrogenation to Gasoline. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c00460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Jiaxing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xiao Jiang
- Aramco Americas: Aramco Research Center─Boston, 400 Technology Square, Boston, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Minchen Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Anfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Chunshan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Xinwen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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Usman M. Recent Progress of SAPO-34 Zeolite Membranes for CO2 Separation: A Review. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12050507. [PMID: 35629833 PMCID: PMC9147644 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12050507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In the zeolite family, the silicoaluminophosphate (SAPO)-34 zeolite has a unique chemical structure, distinctive pore size, adsorption characteristics, as well as chemical and thermal stability, and recently, has attracted much research attention. Increasing global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions pose a serious environmental threat to humans, animals, plants, and the entire environment. This mini-review summarizes the role of SAPO-34 zeolite membranes, including mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) and pure SAPO-34 membranes in CO2 separation. Specifically, this paper summarizes significant developments in SAPO-34 membranes for CO2 removal from air and natural gas. Consideration is given to a variety of successes in SAPO-34 membranes, and future ideas are described in detail to foresee how SAPO-34 could be employed to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. We hope that this study will serve as a detailed guide to the use of SAPO-34 membranes in industrial CO2 separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Usman
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen and Energy Storage (IRC-HES), King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
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Usman M, Ghanem AS, Niaz Ali Shah S, Garba MD, Yusuf Khan M, Khan S, Humayun M, Laeeq Khan A. A Review on SAPO-34 Zeolite Materials for CO 2 Capture and Conversion. CHEM REC 2022; 22:e202200039. [PMID: 35474280 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Among several known zeolites, silicoaluminophosphate (SAPO)-34 zeolite exhibits a distinct chemical structure, unique pore size distribution, and chemical, thermal, and ion exchange capabilities, which have recently attracted considerable research attention. Global carbon dioxide (CO2 ) emissions are a serious environmental issue. Current atmospheric CO2 level exceeds 414 parts per million (ppm), which greatly influences humans, fauna, flora, and the ecosystem as a whole. Zeolites play a vital role in CO2 removal, recycling, and utilization. This review summarizes the properties of the SAPO-34 zeolite and its role in CO2 capture and separation from air and natural gas. In addition, due to their high thermal stability and catalytic nature, CO2 conversions into valuable products over single metal, bi-metallic, and tri-metallic catalysts and their oxides supported on SAPO-34 were also summarized. Considering these accomplishments, substantial problems related to SAPO-34 are discussed, and future recommendations are offered in detail to predict how SAPO-34 could be employed for greenhouse gas mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Usman
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen and Energy Storage (IRC-HES), King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), KFUPM Box 5040, Dhahran, 31261,', Saudi Arabia
| | - Akram S Ghanem
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Syed Niaz Ali Shah
- Center for Integrative Petroleum Research, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mustapha D Garba
- Department of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Mohd Yusuf Khan
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen and Energy Storage (IRC-HES), King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), KFUPM Box 5040, Dhahran, 31261,', Saudi Arabia
| | - Sikandar Khan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Humayun
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Asim Laeeq Khan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 45550, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Kalantari N, Bekheet MF, Nezhad PDK, Back JO, Farzi A, Penner S, Delibaş NÇ, Schwarz S, Bernardi J, Salari D, Niaei A. Effect of chromium and boron incorporation methods on structural and catalytic properties of hierarchical ZSM-5 in the methanol-to-propylene process. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2022.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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10
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Niu X, Bai Y, Du YE, Qi H, Chen Y. Size controllable synthesis of ZSM-5 zeolite and its catalytic performance in the reaction of methanol conversion to aromatics. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2022; 9:211284. [PMID: 35345428 PMCID: PMC8941405 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.211284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ZSM-5 zeolites were hydrothermally synthesized with commercial silica sol, and the crystal size was controlled by adding silicalite-1 seed in the synthetic system. The crystal size of ZSM-5 was affected by the crystallization time of seed, seed content and seed size. ZSM-5 zeolites with controllable particle size in the range of 200-2200 nm could be obtained. The prepared samples with different particle sizes were used for the reaction of methanol conversion to aromatics (MTA). The results suggested that the HZSM-5 catalyst with small crystal size showed much longer catalyst lifetime and higher selectivity for C5 + hydrocarbons and aromatics, especially C9 + aromatics in the MTA reaction. Moreover, the introduction of zinc (Zn) into the HZSM-5 zeolites can considerably promote the selectivity to aromatics in the products. Zn modified HZSM-5 zeolites with different Zn loading amounts were prepared by the incipient wetness impregnation method, and the highest aromatics selectivity was obtained when the Zn loading was 1.0%. The improvement of methanol aromatization was ascribed to the synergistic effect of Brønsted acid sites and the newly formed Zn-Lewis acid sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjun Niu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jinzhong University, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030619, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Bai
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jinzhong University, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030619, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-en Du
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jinzhong University, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030619, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongxue Qi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jinzhong University, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030619, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongqiang Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jinzhong University, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030619, People's Republic of China
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Zhang K, Qi J, Song J, Zuo Y, Yang Y, Yang T, Chen T, Liu X, Chen L, Xia D. Sulfuration of Li-Rich Mn-Based Cathode Materials for Multianionic Redox and Stabilized Coordination Environment. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2109564. [PMID: 34997636 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202109564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Lithium-rich transition metal oxides (LLOs) can deliver high specific capacity over 250 mAh g-1 , stemming from additional contribution of oxygen redox. However, the formation of O(2- n )- (0 < n < 2) species and even oxygen gas during the deep oxidation stage leads to progressive structural transformation that cause voltage decay/hysteresis, sluggish kinetics, and poor thermostability, preventing real-world application of LLOs. Therefore, the substantive key relies on enhancing the anionic redox stability in LLOs. Here, a sulfuration procedure of LLOs (S-LLOs) is proposed, in which sulfur anions are incorporated into oxygen sites in the lattice structure and form polyanions on the surface. Proved by structural characterizations and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, sulfur anions in the interior lattice can reversibly participate in the redox process and enhance the integral coordination stability by mitigating undesired oxygen redox. Moreover, S polyanions at the surface form a protecting layer for interfacial stability. The electrochemical measurements indicate that S-LLO demonstrates a high discharge capacity of 307.8 mAh g-1 , an outstanding capacity retention rate of 91.5% after 200 cycles, along with excellent voltage maintenance, rate capability, and thermostability. The sulfuration process of LLOs with multianionic redox mechanism highlights a promising strategy to design novel high-energy-density cathode materials with superior cycling performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Battery Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Jizhen Qi
- i-Lab, CAS center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jin Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Battery Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yuxuan Zuo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Battery Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yali Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Battery Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Tonghuan Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Battery Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Tao Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Battery Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Xi Liu
- In-situ Center for Physical Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Liwei Chen
- In-situ Center for Physical Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Dingguo Xia
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Battery Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
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12
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Israf Ud Din, Nasir Q, Garba MD, Alharthi AI, Alotaibi MA, Usman M. A Review of Preparation Methods for Heterogeneous Catalysts. MINI-REV ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1570193x18666210308151136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
:
Catalysts contribute significantly to the industrial revolution in terms of reaction rates and
reduction in production costs. Extensive research has been documented on various industrial catalysis
in the last few decades. The performance of catalysts is influenced by many parameters, including synthesis
methods. The current work overviews the most common methods applied for the synthesis of
supported catalysts. This review presents the detailed background, principles, and mechanism of each
preparation method. The advantages and limitations of each method have also been elaborated in detail.
In addition, the applications of each method in terms of catalyst synthesis have been documented in the
present review paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israf Ud Din
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942,Saudi Arabia
| | - Qazi Nasir
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Nizwa,Oman
| | - Mustapha D. Garba
- Department of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ,United Kingdom
| | - Abdulrahman I. Alharthi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942,Saudi Arabia
| | - Mshari A. Alotaibi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942,Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Usman
- Center of Research Excellence in Nanotechnology (CENT), King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261,Saudi Arabia
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13
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Shang Z, Chen Y, Zhang L, Zhu X, Wang X, Shi C. Plate-like MFI crystal growth achieved by guanidine compounds. Inorg Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qi00320a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The modifier not only changed the crystals’ morphology, but also enabled more Al or Ti to be incorporated into the MFI framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyun Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Lejian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xinping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Chuan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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14
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Usman M, Humayun M, Garba MD, Ullah L, Zeb Z, Helal A, Suliman MH, Alfaifi BY, Iqbal N, Abdinejad M, Tahir AA, Ullah H. Electrochemical Reduction of CO 2: A Review of Cobalt Based Catalysts for Carbon Dioxide Conversion to Fuels. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:2029. [PMID: 34443860 PMCID: PMC8400998 DOI: 10.3390/nano11082029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) provides a promising approach to curbing harmful emissions contributing to global warming. However, several challenges hinder the commercialization of this technology, including high overpotentials, electrode instability, and low Faradic efficiencies of desirable products. Several materials have been developed to overcome these challenges. This mini-review discusses the recent performance of various cobalt (Co) electrocatalysts, including Co-single atom, Co-multi metals, Co-complexes, Co-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), Co-based covalent organic frameworks (COFs), Co-nitrides, and Co-oxides. These materials are reviewed with respect to their stability of facilitating CO2 conversion to valuable products, and a summary of the current literature is highlighted, along with future perspectives for the development of efficient CO2RR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Usman
- Center of Research Excellence in Nanotechnology, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia; (A.H.); (M.H.S.); (B.Y.A.)
| | - Muhammad Humayun
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China;
| | - Mustapha D. Garba
- Department of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK;
| | - Latif Ullah
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
| | - Zonish Zeb
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
| | - Aasif Helal
- Center of Research Excellence in Nanotechnology, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia; (A.H.); (M.H.S.); (B.Y.A.)
| | - Munzir H. Suliman
- Center of Research Excellence in Nanotechnology, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia; (A.H.); (M.H.S.); (B.Y.A.)
| | - Bandar Y. Alfaifi
- Center of Research Excellence in Nanotechnology, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia; (A.H.); (M.H.S.); (B.Y.A.)
| | - Naseem Iqbal
- US-Pakistan Centre for Advanced Studies in Energy (USPCAS-E), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan;
| | - Maryam Abdinejad
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada;
| | - Asif Ali Tahir
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall TR10 9FE, UK;
| | - Habib Ullah
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall TR10 9FE, UK;
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15
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Li T, Shoinkhorova T, Gascon J, Ruiz-Martínez J. Aromatics Production via Methanol-Mediated Transformation Routes. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c01422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Teng Li
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tuiana Shoinkhorova
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jorge Gascon
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Javier Ruiz-Martínez
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Bian K, Zhang A, Yang H, Fan B, Xu S, Guo X, Song C. Synthesis and Characterization of Fe-Substituted ZSM-5 Zeolite and Its Catalytic Performance for Alkylation of Benzene with Dilute Ethylene. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c01909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Bian
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Anfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Benhan Fan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Methanol to Olefins, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Shutao Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Methanol to Olefins, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Xinwen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Chunshan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, P. R. China
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17
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Liu C, Su J, Liu S, Zhou H, Yuan X, Ye Y, Wang Y, Jiao W, Zhang L, Lu Y, Wang Y, He H, Xie Z. Insights into the Key Factor of Zeolite Morphology on the Selective Conversion of Syngas to Light Aromatics over a Cr 2O 3/ZSM-5 Catalyst. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering and Industrial Catalysis, Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology, SINOPEC, Shanghai 201208, P. R. China
| | - Junjie Su
- State Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering and Industrial Catalysis, Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology, SINOPEC, Shanghai 201208, P. R. China
| | - Su Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering and Industrial Catalysis, Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology, SINOPEC, Shanghai 201208, P. R. China
| | - Haibo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering and Industrial Catalysis, Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology, SINOPEC, Shanghai 201208, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohong Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering and Industrial Catalysis, Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology, SINOPEC, Shanghai 201208, P. R. China
| | - Yingchun Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering and Industrial Catalysis, Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology, SINOPEC, Shanghai 201208, P. R. China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering and Industrial Catalysis, Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology, SINOPEC, Shanghai 201208, P. R. China
| | - Wenqian Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering and Industrial Catalysis, Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology, SINOPEC, Shanghai 201208, P. R. China
| | - Lin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering and Industrial Catalysis, Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology, SINOPEC, Shanghai 201208, P. R. China
| | - Yiqing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering and Industrial Catalysis, Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology, SINOPEC, Shanghai 201208, P. R. China
| | - Yangdong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering and Industrial Catalysis, Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology, SINOPEC, Shanghai 201208, P. R. China
| | - Heyong He
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Zaiku Xie
- China Petrochemical Corporation (SINOPEC Group), Beijing 100728, P. R. China
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18
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Dai C, Du K, Chen Z, Chen H, Guo X, Ma X. Synergistic Catalysis of Multi-Stage Pore-Rich H-BZSM-5 and Zn-ZSM-5 for the Production of Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Methanol via Lower Olefins. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c05225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chengyi Dai
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
- International Science & Technology Cooperation Base for Clean Utilization of Hydrocarbon Resources, Chemical Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Use Technology of Shanbei Energy, Collaborative Innovation Center for Development of Energy and Chemical Industry in Northern Shaanxi, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Kang Du
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Zhongshun Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Huiyong Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
- International Science & Technology Cooperation Base for Clean Utilization of Hydrocarbon Resources, Chemical Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Use Technology of Shanbei Energy, Collaborative Innovation Center for Development of Energy and Chemical Industry in Northern Shaanxi, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Xinwen Guo
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xiaoxun Ma
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
- International Science & Technology Cooperation Base for Clean Utilization of Hydrocarbon Resources, Chemical Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Use Technology of Shanbei Energy, Collaborative Innovation Center for Development of Energy and Chemical Industry in Northern Shaanxi, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
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19
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del Campo P, Navarro MT, Shaikh SK, Khokhar MD, Aljumah F, Martínez C, Corma A. Propene Production by Butene Cracking. Descriptors for Zeolite Catalysts. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo del Campo
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, Valencia 46022, Spain
| | - M. Teresa Navarro
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, Valencia 46022, Spain
| | - Sohel K. Shaikh
- Research & Development Center, Saudi Aramco, Dhahran 31311, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Munir D. Khokhar
- Research & Development Center, Saudi Aramco, Dhahran 31311, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Furqan Aljumah
- Research & Development Center, Saudi Aramco, Dhahran 31311, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Cristina Martínez
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, Valencia 46022, Spain
| | - Avelino Corma
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, Valencia 46022, Spain
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20
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Ali B, Lan X, Arslan MT, Gilani SZA, Wang H, Wang T. Controlling the selectivity and deactivation of H-ZSM-5 by tuning b-axis channel length for glycerol dehydration to acrolein. J IND ENG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2020.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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21
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Fan S, Tuo J, Wang D, Rong J, Zhang J, Ma Q, Gao X, Yang G, Zhao T, Tsubaki N. Facile Synthesis of Proton-Type ZSM-5 by Using Quasi-Solid-Phase (QSP) Method. Chemistry 2020; 26:8532-8535. [PMID: 32347999 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Herein, a simple and green quasi-solid-phase (QSP) method for facile synthesis of proton-type ZSM-5 avoiding use of excessive water, dry gel, Na+ cation and fluoride is reported. Crystallization by using the stoichiometric amount of TPAOH (tetrapropylammonium hydroxide) at 180 °C for only 12 h gave well-structured HZSM-5 crystals with high specific surface area of 429 m2 g-1 and high thermal stability. 5MRs was observed to closely relate the formation of MFI structure and QSP method exhibits shorter induction period (t0 ), higher nucleation rate (Vn ), and faster growth rate (Vg ). Moreover, HZ-12-180 showed extremely better and rather stable catalytic activity for methanol-to-propylene reaction by comparison with commercial HZSM-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subing Fan
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, P.R. China
| | - Jie Tuo
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, P.R. China
| | - Dan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, P.R. China
| | - Jingya Rong
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, P.R. China
| | - Jianli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, P.R. China
| | - Qingxiang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, P.R. China
| | - Xinhua Gao
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, P.R. China
| | - Guohui Yang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, University of Toyama, Gofuku 3190, Toyama, 930-8555, Japan.,State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, 030001, P.R. China
| | - Tiansheng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, P.R. China
| | - Noritatsu Tsubaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, University of Toyama, Gofuku 3190, Toyama, 930-8555, Japan
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22
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Ghanbari B, Kazemi Zangeneh F, Taheri Rizi Z, Aghaei E. High-Impact Promotional Effect of Mo Impregnation on Aluminum-Rich and Alkali-Treated Hierarchical Zeolite Catalysts on Methanol Aromatization. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:11971-11986. [PMID: 32548376 PMCID: PMC7271033 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b04407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A systematic change of HZSM-5 (HZ5) as a catalyst of the methanol to aromatics (MTA) reaction was undertaken by employing a fixed-bed tubular-type reactor under ambient pressure, applying a weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) of 2 h-1 at 375 °C, as the first report on the application of low-Si/Al-ratio alkaline-[Mo,Na]-HZSM-5 in the MTA process. To characterize the surface and textural properties of the catalysts, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), nitrogen adsorption/desorption, temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia (NH3-TPD), pyridine-infrared spectroscopy (Py-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) methods were employed. Gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) measurements demonstrated a selectivity of up to 86 wt % (65.7 wt % for benzene, toluene, and xylene (BTX)) over 2[Mo]HZ5. NH3-TPD and Py-IR results indicated a sensible decrease of strong acid sites on the impregnated samples, while the surface analyses revealed the highest Lewis acid sites (LAS) together with the largest mesopore surface area for 2[Mo]alk-HZ5, supporting the migration of Mo species to the bulk of the catalysts. Mo impregnation had a minor effect on the observed coke formation in the promoted catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahram Ghanbari
- Department
of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, P.O. Box 11155-3516, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Zahra Taheri Rizi
- Research
Institute of Petroleum Industry, P.O. Box 1485733111, Tehran, Iran
| | - Erfan Aghaei
- Research
Institute of Petroleum Industry, P.O. Box 1485733111, Tehran, Iran
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23
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Cai D, Xiong H, Zhang C, Wei F. Transport Phenomena in Zeolites in View of Graph Theory and Pseudo-Phase Transition. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1901979. [PMID: 31468658 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201901979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Transport phenomena play an essential role in catalysis. While zeolite catalysis is widely applied in industrial chemical processes, its efficiency is often limited by the transport rate in the micropores of the zeolite. Experimental and theoretical methods are useful for understanding the transport phenomena on multiscale levels. Traditional diffusion models usually use a linear driving force and an isotropic continuum medium, such that transport in a hierarchical catalyst structure and the occurrence of nonlinear deactivation cannot be well understood. Due to the presence of spatial confinement and an ordered structure, some aspects of the transport in a zeolite cannot be regarded as continuum phenomena and discrete models are being developed to explain these. Graph theory and small-world networks are powerful tools that have allowed pseudo-phase transition phenomena and other nontrivial relationships to be clearly revealed. Discrete models that include graph theory can build a bridge between microscopic quantum physics and macroscopic catalyst engineering in both the space and time scales. For a fuller understanding of transport phenomena in diverse fields, several theoretical methods need to be combined for a comprehensive multiscale analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dali Cai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Xiong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Chenxi Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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24
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25
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Gilani SZA, Lu L, Arslan MT, Ali B, Wang Q, Wei F. Two-way desorption coupling to enhance the conversion of syngas into aromatics by MnO/H-ZSM-5. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy00275e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We herein report a composite catalyst containing partially reducible and highly active manganese oxide and nano-size H-ZSM-5 with short b-axis, prepared for the direct conversion of syngas into aromatics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Zulfiqar Ali Gilani
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Le Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Muhammad Tahir Arslan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Babar Ali
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Qi Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Fei Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
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26
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Shen B, Chen X, Cai D, Xiong H, Liu X, Meng C, Han Y, Wei F. Atomic Spatial and Temporal Imaging of Local Structures and Light Elements inside Zeolite Frameworks. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1906103. [PMID: 31782558 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201906103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Identifying the atomic structures of porous materials in spatial and temporal dimensions by (scanning) transmission electron microscope ((S)TEM) is significant for their wide applications in catalysis, separation and energy storage. However, the sensitivity of materials to electron beams made it difficult to reduce the electron damage to specimens while maintaining the resolution and signal-to-noise ratio. It is therefore still challenging to capture multiple images of the same area in one crystal to image the temporal changes of lattices. Usings integrated differential phase contrast (iDPC) STEM, atomic-resolution imaging of beam-sensitive zeolite frameworks is achieved with an ultralow dose of 40 e- Å-2 , 2-3 orders of magnitude lower than that of conventional STEM. Based on the iDPC technique, not only the atomic 3D architecture of ZSM-5 crystals but also the changes of frameworks are observed during in situ experiments. Local structures and light-element aromatics in ZSM-5 crystals can also be revealed directly under iDPC-STEM. These results provided not only an efficient tool to image beam-sensitive materials with ultralow beam current but also a new strategy to observe and investigate the hydrocarbon pools in zeolite catalysts at the single-molecule scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyuan Shen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Dali Cai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Hao Xiong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xin Liu
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technique, Dalian, 116024, China
- KAUST Catalysis Center, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Changgong Meng
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technique, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Yu Han
- KAUST Catalysis Center, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fei Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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27
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Zeng S, Xu S, Gao S, Gao M, Zhang W, Wei Y, Liu Z. Differentiating Diffusivity in Different Channels of ZSM‐5 Zeolite by Pulsed Field Gradient (PFG) NMR. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201901689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shu Zeng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Methanol to Olefins Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials) Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Shutao Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Methanol to Olefins Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials) Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 P. R. China
| | - Shushu Gao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Methanol to Olefins Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials) Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Mingbin Gao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Methanol to Olefins Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials) Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Wenna Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Methanol to Olefins Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials) Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 P. R. China
| | - Yingxu Wei
- National Engineering Laboratory for Methanol to Olefins Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials) Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 P. R. China
| | - Zhongmin Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Methanol to Olefins Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials) Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 P. R. China
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28
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Qureshi BA, Lan X, Arslan MT, Wang T. Highly Active and Selective Nano H-ZSM-5 Catalyst with Short Channels along b-Axis for Glycerol Dehydration to Acrolein. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b01882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Babar Ali Qureshi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaocheng Lan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Muhammad Tahir Arslan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Tiefeng Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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29
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Cai D, Wang N, Chen X, Ma Y, Hou Y, Li X, Zhang C, Chen Z, Song W, Arslan MT, Li Y, Wang Y, Qian W, Wei F. Highly selective conversion of methanol to propylene: design of an MFI zeolite with selective blockage of (010) surfaces. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:8096-8101. [PMID: 30976771 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr10371b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
As an important catalyst of methanol-to-propylene (MTP) conversion, the ZSM-5 zeolite has an anisotropic diffusion path and a large pore size, resulting in the formation of undesirable heavy aromatic by-products. Herein, we developed a surface-specific silica deposition method to block straight channels of nanosized ZSM-5 crystals selectively. By such a coating method, we can selectively suppress the yield of aromatics from the original 13% to 2.4% at 100% conversion of methanol. Trapped hydrocarbon pool species are directly confirmed by aberration-corrected S/TEM for the first time. Such a method of trapping and restricting hydrocarbon pool species in a multiscale zeolite with 10-membered rings would significantly increase its catalytic efficiency and olefin diffusion. Moreover, this provides new methodologies for zeolite structure construction and will be greatly beneficial for the industrial MTP process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dali Cai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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30
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Arslan MT, Qureshi BA, Gilani SZA, Cai D, Ma Y, Usman M, Chen X, Wang Y, Wei F. Single-Step Conversion of H2-Deficient Syngas into High Yield of Tetramethylbenzene. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b04548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Tahir Arslan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Babar Ali Qureshi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - S. Z. Ali Gilani
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Dali Cai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yunhai Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Muhammad Usman
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yao Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Fei Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
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31
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Li H, Li XG, Xiao WD. Deactivation kinetics of individual C6–C9 aromatics' generation from methanol over Zn and P co-modified HZSM-5. RSC Adv 2019; 9:22327-22335. [PMID: 35519453 PMCID: PMC9066618 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra02587a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A deactivation kinetic model has been determined for the methanol to aromatic process over a HZSM-5 zeolite catalyst (SiO2/Al2O3 = 30) modified by 1.0 wt% ZnO and 2.0 wt% P, in which the generation rates of C6–C9 aromatics are treated individually while olefins and paraffins are lumped as intermediate and byproduct, respectively. The time-dependent catalytic activity is described by a deactivation coefficient related to the concentration of both methanol and products. The established kinetic model is able to predict the product distribution along with on-stream time under various conditions and is identified to be valid by a model significance test. The effect of operating conditions on catalyst behavior was also investigated: deactivation rate increases dramatically with methanol partial pressure and temperature; higher feed methanol content leads to less aromatics and more paraffin; increasing temperature reduces paraffin generation and results in higher aromatic yield, especially benzene and toluene. A deactivation kinetic model has been determined for the MTA process over Zn and P co-doped HZSM-5; the generation rates of C6–C9 aromatics are treated individually while olefins and paraffins are lumped as intermediate and byproduct, respectively.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
| | - Xue-Gang Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
| | - Wen-De Xiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
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32
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Wang N, Sun W, Hou Y, Ge B, Hu L, Nie J, Qian W, Wei F. Crystal-plane effects of MFI zeolite in catalytic conversion of methanol to hydrocarbons. J Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2017.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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33
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Yang X, Su X, Liang B, Zhang Y, Duan H, Ma J, Huang Y, Zhang T. The influence of alkali-treated zeolite on the oxide–zeolite syngas conversion process. Catal Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cy01332b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The oxide–zeolite process has been attracting widespread attention due to its promising performance in syngas conversion to hydrocarbons with high selectivity and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Xiong Su
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- P. R. China
| | - Binglian Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Yaru Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Hongmin Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- P. R. China
| | - Junguo Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- P. R. China
| | - Yanqiang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- P. R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
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34
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Wang P, Chen L, Xie J, Li H, Au CT, Yin SF. Enhanced catalytic performance in CH3Br conversion to benzene, toluene, and xylene over steamed HZSM-5 zeolites. Catal Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cy00334j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Catalytic conversion of CH3Br to benzene, toluene and xylene (BTX) was investigated over HZSM-5 and steam-treated HZSM-5 zeolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Cost-effective Utilization of Fossil Fuel Aimed at Reducing Carbon-dioxide Emissions
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha 410082
| | - Lang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Cost-effective Utilization of Fossil Fuel Aimed at Reducing Carbon-dioxide Emissions
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha 410082
| | - Jun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Cost-effective Utilization of Fossil Fuel Aimed at Reducing Carbon-dioxide Emissions
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha 410082
| | - Hang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Cost-effective Utilization of Fossil Fuel Aimed at Reducing Carbon-dioxide Emissions
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha 410082
| | - Chak-Tong Au
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Cost-effective Utilization of Fossil Fuel Aimed at Reducing Carbon-dioxide Emissions
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha 410082
| | - Shuang-Feng Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Cost-effective Utilization of Fossil Fuel Aimed at Reducing Carbon-dioxide Emissions
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha 410082
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35
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Hou Y, Wang N, Zhang J, Qian W. Highly selective synthesis of large aromatic molecules with nano-zeolite: beyond the shape selectivity effect. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra28844h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We report a combination of the shape selectivity effect of zeolites and external surface alkylation to produce larger molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Hou
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- China
| | - Jianmei Zhang
- School of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering
- Changzhou Institute of Technology
- China
| | - Weizhong Qian
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- China
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36
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Ma Y, Wang N, Qian W, Wang Y, Zhang J, Wei F. Molded MFI nanocrystals as a highly active catalyst in a methanol-to-aromatics process. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra19035a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
ZSM-5 nanocrystals with a short b-axis length exhibited higher activity and low coke selectivity in methanol-to-aromatics reaction than microcrystals, whether in the pristine state or in large molded particles toward industrial scale application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhai Ma
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- China
| | - Weizhong Qian
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- China
| | - Jianmei Zhang
- School of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering
- Changzhou Institute of Technology
- China
| | - Fei Wei
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- China
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