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Xu X, Li P, Zhong Y, Yu J, Miao C, Tong G. Review on the oxidative catalysis methods of converting lignin into vanillin. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125203. [PMID: 37270116 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Vanillin plays an important role not only in food and flavouring, but also as a platform compound for the synthesis of other valuable products, mainly derived from the oxidative decarboxylation of petroleum-based guaiacol production. In order to alleviate the problem of collapsing oil resources, the preparation of vanillin from lignin has become a good option from the perspective of environmental sustainability, but it is still not optimistic in terms of vanillin production. Currently, catalytic oxidative depolymerization of lignin for the preparation of vanillin is the main development trend. This paper mainly reviews four ways of preparing vanillin from lignin base: alkaline (catalytic) oxidation, electrochemical (catalytic) oxidation, Fenton (catalytic) oxidation and photo (catalytic) oxidative degradation of lignin. In this work, the working principles, influencing factors, vanillin yields obtained, respective advantages and disadvantages and the development trends of the four methods are systematically summarized, and finally, several methods for the separation and purification of lignin-based vanillin are briefly reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewen Xu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, College of Light Industry and Food, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Penghui Li
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, College of Light Industry and Food, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yidan Zhong
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, College of Light Industry and Food, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Jiangdong Yu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, College of Light Industry and Food, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Chen Miao
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, College of Light Industry and Food, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Guolin Tong
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, College of Light Industry and Food, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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2
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Oxidation of vanillyl alcohol to vanillin over nanostructured cerium–iron mixed oxide catalyst with molecular oxygen. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-022-04827-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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3
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Li JR, Zhang WP, Zhao J, Tian M, Wu K, Xiao H, He C. Accelerating the Low-Temperature Catalytic Oxidation of Acetone over Al-Substituted Mn-Al Oxides by Rate-Limiting Step Modulation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:36536-36550. [PMID: 35917445 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c06186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In order to enhance the catalytic activity and improve the stability of Mn-Al oxides in acetone oxidation, it is interesting to have found that modulating and accelerating the rate-limiting step by Al substitution rather than just mixing of Mn and Al is crucial for hydrocarbon efficient catalytic destruction. Here, a series of Mn-Al oxides with different Al substitution ratios were prepared by a scalable and facile hydrothermal-redox strategy. The reaction rate, selectivity, and stability of the representative α-MnO2 catalyst in acetone oxidation can be remarkably promoted by simple replacing of the partial framework Mn with Al, which changes the rate-limiting step from acetic acid dissociation to ethanol decomposition accelerated by H2O molecules. Among them, MnAl0.5 displays the best catalytic performance with 90% of acetone converted at just 165 °C and a remarkable CO2 yield. DFT results suggest that the py and px orbitals of the O element take part in the formation of the carbonyl group when the intermediate of removing H* from ethanol reacts with the hydroxyl group of H2O. The dxz orbital of Mn with p-electron of Al plays a vital role in the rate-limiting step. The work provides new insights into engineering catalysts for industrial VOC efficient and economical mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Rong Li
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Gaseous Pollutant Control Materials, and Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
| | - Wan-Peng Zhang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Gaseous Pollutant Control Materials, and Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
| | - Junyi Zhao
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Gaseous Pollutant Control Materials, and Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
| | - Mingjiao Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P. R. China
| | - Kun Wu
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Gaseous Pollutant Control Materials, and Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
| | - Hang Xiao
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Gaseous Pollutant Control Materials, and Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
| | - Chi He
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P. R. China
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, P. R. China
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4
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Metal-free and oxidizing agent-free ultra-selective catalytic aerobic conversion of vanillyl alcohol to vanillin by carbon fiber. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2022.104492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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5
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Zhang WP, Wu K, Zhao J, He J, Wang L, Xiao H, Guo JB, Li JR. Promotional effects of calcination temperature and H 2O on the catalytic activity of Al-substituted MnAlO catalysts for low-temperature acetone oxidation. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 301:134722. [PMID: 35483660 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In order to enhance the role of Al in the materials, Al-substituted MnAlO catalysts were synthesized via the hydrothermal-redox method at different calcination temperatures for acetone oxidation. There were Al-substituted α-MnO2 and amorphous aluminum oxide existed with homogeneous dispersion of elements in the catalysts. The surface property, reaction rate, CO2 yield and water resistance of MnAlO catalysts were greatly affected by calcination temperatures. MnAlO-450 catalyst exhibited the best catalytic performance (acetone conversion of 90% at 165 °C) with CO2 yield higher than 99.7%, which was mainly related to the weaker Mn-O bond strength, lower temperature reducibility and abundant Lewis acid sites. The acetone conversion of MnAlO-450 increased by as much as 16% in the presence of 1 vol% H2O compared to that in the absence of H2O at T50 (the temperature for 50% conversion of acetone). The acceleration consumption of ethanol as the main by-product by H2O improved the catalytic performance. This work would shed light on the Al substitution based catalysts for OVOC oxidation with highly efficient and water resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Peng Zhang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Gaseous Pollutant Control Materials, Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, PR China
| | - Kun Wu
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Gaseous Pollutant Control Materials, Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, PR China
| | - Junyi Zhao
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Gaseous Pollutant Control Materials, Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, PR China
| | - Jun He
- Key Laboratory of Carbonaceous Wastes Processing and Process Intensification of Zhejiang Province, The University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, 315100, PR China.
| | - Leiping Wang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Gaseous Pollutant Control Materials, Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, PR China
| | - Hang Xiao
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Gaseous Pollutant Control Materials, Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, PR China
| | - Jian-Bing Guo
- College of Chemistry, Minnan Normal University, Zhang zhou, 363000, Fujian, PR China
| | - Jian-Rong Li
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Gaseous Pollutant Control Materials, Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, PR China.
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6
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Wang S, Zhang X, Chen G, Liu B, Li H, Hu J, Fu J, Liu M. Hydroxyl radical induced from hydrogen peroxide by cobalt manganese oxides for ciprofloxacin degradation. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.01.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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The effect of additives (pyrazine, pyrazole and their derivatives) in the oxidation of 2-butanol with FeCl3‒H2O2 in aqueous solutions. Catal Today 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2020.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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8
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Al-Hunaiti A, Ghazzy A, Sweidan N, Mohaidat Q, Bsoul I, Mahmood S, Hussein T. Nano-Magnetic NiFe 2O 4 and Its Photocatalytic Oxidation of Vanillyl Alcohol-Synthesis, Characterization, and Application in the Valorization of Lignin. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11041010. [PMID: 33920911 PMCID: PMC8071345 DOI: 10.3390/nano11041010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report on a phyto-mediated bimetallic (NiFe2O4) preparation using a Boswellia carterii extract, which was characterized by XRD, FT-IR, TGA, electron microscopy, magnetic spectroscopy, and Mössbauer spectroscopy measurements. The prepared nano-catalysts were tested for oxidation of lignin monomer molecules-vanillyl alcohol and cinnamyl alcohol. In comparison with previously reported methods, the nano NiFe2O4 catalysts showed high photocatalytic activity and selectivity, under visible light irradiation with a nitroxy radical initiator (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyloxy or 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl; TEMPO) at room temperature and aerobic conditions. The multifold advantages of the catalyst both in terms of reduced catalyst loading and ambient temperature conditions were manifested by higher conversion of the starting material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afnan Al-Hunaiti
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan;
| | - Asma Ghazzy
- Department of Chemistry, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19328, Jordan;
| | - Nuha Sweidan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Petra, Amman 11196, Jordan;
| | - Qassem Mohaidat
- Department of Physics, Yarmouk University, Irbid 21163, Jordan;
| | - Ibrahim Bsoul
- Department of Physics, Al Al-Bayt University, Mafraq 13040, Jordan;
| | - Sami Mahmood
- Department of Physics, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan;
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Tareq Hussein
- Department of Physics, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan;
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR/Physics), University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Correspondence: or
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9
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Li JR, Zhang WP, Li C, He C. Efficient catalytic degradation of toluene at a readily prepared Mn-Cu catalyst: Catalytic performance and reaction pathway. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 591:396-408. [PMID: 33631527 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.01.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fabricating of economical transitional metal oxide-based materials with satisfied low-temperature catalytic performance and application perspective is still a challenge in deep degradation of VOCs. Here, Mn-Cu bimetallic oxides were facilely prepared by one-step hydrothermal-redox method, which displayed much higher catalytic activity in toluene oxidation than those synthesized by hydrolysis-driven redox-precipitation or co-precipitation approach. It is shown that the lattice defect and oxygen vacancy concentration over prepared materials can be tuned by controlling Cu/Mn molar ratio. Amongst, spinel structured MnCu0.5 exhibited the highest catalytic activity, superior durability and water resistance in toluene total oxidation owing to abundant surface adsorbed oxygen species, excellent low-temperature reducibility, and high amounts of Cu+ and Mn3+. In detail, the reaction rate of MnCu0.5 was over 9.0 times higher than that of MnCu0.75, MnCu0.75-P and MnCu0.75-H2O2 at relative low temperature of 210 °C. The cyclic redox process with easier oxygen species mobility played a key role in the catalytic oxidation of toluene. Typical reaction intermediates as benzyl alcohol, benzaldehyde, benzene, phenol, and benzoquinone could be detected by PTR-MS, which further decomposed to acetone, ethanol, ketone, acetic acid, methanol, formaldehyde and acetaldehyde species by ring opening before total mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Rong Li
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, and Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, PR China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Process and Pollution Control, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315800, PR China.
| | - Wan-Peng Zhang
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, and Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, PR China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Process and Pollution Control, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315800, PR China
| | - Chang Li
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, and Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, PR China
| | - Chi He
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, PR China; National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, PR China.
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10
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Arun J, Gopinath KP, Sivaramakrishnan R, Shyam S, Mayuri N, Manasa S, Pugazhendhi A. Hydrothermal liquefaction of Prosopis juliflora biomass for the production of ferulic acid and bio-oil. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 319:124116. [PMID: 32957046 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this work was to study the hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of Prosopis juliflora biomass for the production of ferulic acid and bio-oil. Biomass was processed with various solvents (NaOH, KOH, HCl and H2SO4) to produce ferulic acid (FA). FA oxidation was carried out using the Nano ZnO catalyst to produce an optimum vanillin yield of 0.3 g at 70 °C with 0.4% catalyst loading for a time of 60 min. The spent solid residue was then processed using HTL at 5 MPa pressure and a temperature range of 240-340 °C. Various biomass loading (2.5 g to 12.5 g) was taken for a fixed water content of 200 mL. Bio-oil optimum yield was 22.5 wt% for 10 g/200 mL of biomass loading ratio. The optimum temperature was 300 °C for a processing time of 1 h. The catalyst showed the reusable capability of two three consecutive cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayaseelan Arun
- Center for Waste Management - 'International Research Center', Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Jeppiaar Nagar (OMR), Chennai 600 119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Ramachandran Sivaramakrishnan
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Sivaprasad Shyam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, 603110, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Namasivayam Mayuri
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, 603110, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sadhasivan Manasa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, 603110, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arivalagan Pugazhendhi
- Innovative Green Product Synthesis and Renewable Environment Development Research Group, Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
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11
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Nasseri MA, Rezazadeh Z, Kazemnejadi M, Allahresani A. Cu-Mn Bimetallic Complex Immobilized on Magnetic NPs as an Efficient Catalyst for Domino One-Pot Preparation of Benzimidazole and Biginelli Reactions from Alcohols. Catal Letters 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-020-03371-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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12
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Jeon W, Choi IH, Park JY, Lee JS, Hwang KR. Alkaline wet oxidation of lignin over Cu-Mn mixed oxide catalysts for production of vanillin. Catal Today 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2019.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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13
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Li JR, Wang FK, He C, Huang C, Xiao H. Catalytic total oxidation of toluene over carbon-supported Cu Co oxide catalysts derived from Cu-based metal organic framework. POWDER TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2019.12.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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14
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Reddy PRGN, Rao BG, Rao TV, Reddy BM. Selective Aerobic Oxidation of Vanillyl Alcohol to Vanillin Catalysed by Nanostructured Ce-Zr-O Solid Solutions. Catal Letters 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-019-02658-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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15
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Mixed-Oxide Catalysts with Spinel Structure for the Valorization of Biomass: The Chemical-Loop Reforming of Bioethanol. Catalysts 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/catal8080332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This short review reports on spinel-type mixed oxides as catalysts for the transformation of biomass-derived building blocks into chemicals and fuel additives. After an overview of the various methods reported in the literature for the synthesis of mixed oxides with spinel structure, the use of this class of materials for the chemical-loop reforming of bioalcohols is reviewed in detail. This reaction is aimed at the production of H2 with intrinsic separation of C-containing products, but also is a very versatile tool for investigating the solid-state chemistry of spinels.
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16
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Rapid microwave-hydrothermal conversion of lignin model compounds to value-added products via catalytic oxidation using metal organic frameworks. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-018-0452-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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17
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Lin KYA, Lai HK, Chen ZY. Selective generation of vanillin from catalytic oxidation of a lignin model compound using ZIF-derived carbon-supported cobalt nanocomposite. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2017.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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18
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Saha S, Abd Hamid SB. CuZrO 3nanoparticles catalyst in aerobic oxidation of vanillyl alcohol. RSC Adv 2017; 7:9914-9925. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra26370d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A highly crystalline, mesoporous and perovskite type CuZrO3nanoparticles catalyst was preparedviaa simple and facile one pot solvent evaporation method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subrata Saha
- Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Center (NANOCAT)
- University of Malaya
- Kuala Lumpur 50603
- Malaysia
| | - Sharifah Bee Abd Hamid
- Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Center (NANOCAT)
- University of Malaya
- Kuala Lumpur 50603
- Malaysia
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