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Subramani K, Saha R, Sivaramakrishnan R, Incharoensakdi A. Novel smart fiber/metal/chitosan composite as a filter for self-detoxifying photocatalytic wastewater remediation and biomedical applications. Environ Res 2023; 236:116815. [PMID: 37541411 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater treatment remains the most significant delinquent issue world-wide. Generally, wastewater treatment involves filtration followed by acidified de-emulsification through photocatalytic reduction. The aim of the present study is to reduce the use of nanoparticles in wastewater treatment and also to find an appropriate alternative to replace cotton fiber filters used in water treatment plant. The cotton fiber filters are highly prone to bacterial film development leading to bactericidal degradation of the fibers. We developed a ZnO-chitosan nanocomposite coated fiber for wastewater treatment to enhance its photocatalytic activity under acidic condition. The fiber showed high degree of photocatalytic degradation activity, reducing rhodamine B dye, chemical oxygen demand and chromium levels in the synthetic wastewater to 37, 79 and 51% respectively under highly acidic condition. Additionally, ZnO-chitosan nanocomposite did not cause mortality on Danio rerio embryo after 72 h incubation. The ZnO-chitosan nanocomposite coated fiber showed strong antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus with a reduction of 96% and 99% respectively. This study demonstrated the potential of a novel smart fiber in wastewater treatment and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Subramani
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Raunak Saha
- Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, K S Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode, 637215, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramachandran Sivaramakrishnan
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Aran Incharoensakdi
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand; Academy of Science, Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand.
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2
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Ravi P, Kumaresan S, Danaraj J, Uthirakrishnan U, Pandian S, Sivaramakrishnan R, Prakasam SB, Pugazhendhi A. Anti-fouling potential and in-silico analysis of carotenoid and fatty acids from Rauvolfia tetraphylla L. Environ Res 2023; 231:116158. [PMID: 37201709 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Study investigated the antifouling potential ofRauvolfia tetraphyllaL. fruit, leaf and stem extracts against the marine fouling organisms throughin-vitroand in-silicoapproach. Methanolic crude extract of R. tetraphylla L.leaf exhibited maximum antibacterial potential against six fouling organisms isolated from Parangipettai coast and was further taken up for column fractionation. Twenty-four fractions were obtained, among which five fractions showed inhibitory efficiency against microfoulers of Bacillus megaterium. The active compounds present in the bioactive fraction were identified by FTIR, GC-MS and NMR (13C; 1H). The bioactive compounds that exhibited maximum antifouling activity were identified as Lycopersene (80%), Hexadecanoic acid; 1, 2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, dioctyl ester; Heptadecene - (8) - carbonic acid - (1) and Oleic acid. Molecular docking studies of the potent anti-fouling compounds Lycopersene, Hexadecanoic acid, 1, 2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, dioctyl ester and Oleic acid showed the binding energy of 6.6, - 3.8, -5.3 and -5.9 (Kcal/mol) and hence these compounds will act as a potential biocide to control the aquatic foulers. Moreover, further studies need to carry out in terms of toxicity, field assessment and clinical trial in order to take these biocides for a patent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasanth Ravi
- Environmental Science Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University, Parangipettai, 608502, Chidambaram, Cuddalore District, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Subasankari Kumaresan
- Department of Biotechnology, Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Arts and Science College for Women (Affiliated to Bharadhidasan University), Trichy, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jeyapragash Danaraj
- Centre for Ocean Research (DST-FIST Sponsored Centre), MoES - Earth Science and Technology Cell (Marine Biotechnological Studies), Col. Dr. Jeppiaar Research Park, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600 119, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Ushani Uthirakrishnan
- Department of Biotechnology, Karpaga Vinayaga College of Engineering and Technology, Chengalpattu, 603 308, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sureshkumar Pandian
- Environmental Science Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University, Parangipettai, 608502, Chidambaram, Cuddalore District, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Ramachandran Sivaramakrishnan
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Sebastin Belcia Prakasam
- School of Energy and Environmental Science, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arivalagan Pugazhendhi
- School of Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon; University Centre for Research & Development, Department of Civil Engineering, Chandigarh University, Mohali 140103, India.
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Sivaramakrishnan R, Gideon DA, Kumar SPJ, Incharoensakdi A. Editorial: Redox control of plant metabolism and biofuel production. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1244229. [PMID: 37554562 PMCID: PMC10406305 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1244229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramachandran Sivaramakrishnan
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Daniel A. Gideon
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Bishop Heber College (Autonomous), Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Joseph’s University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - S Prashant Jeevan Kumar
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Directorate of Floricultural Research, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Aran Incharoensakdi
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Academy of Science, Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand
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Sivaramakrishnan R, Ramadoss G, Pancha IY, Incharoensakdi A. Editorial: Methods in industrial biotechnology and bioprocess engineering-Microalgae as a source of valuable compounds. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1141280. [PMID: 36815887 PMCID: PMC9929563 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1141280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ramachandran Sivaramakrishnan
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Govindarajan Ramadoss
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Imran Y. Pancha
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Gujarat Biotechnology University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Aran Incharoensakdi
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand,Academy of Science, Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand,*Correspondence: Aran Incharoensakdi,
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Silambarasan S, Logeswari P, Sivaramakrishnan R, Incharoensakdi A, Kamaraj B, Cornejo P. Scenedesmus sp. strain SD07 cultivation in municipal wastewater for pollutant removal and production of lipid and exopolysaccharides. Environ Res 2023; 218:115051. [PMID: 36521544 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.115051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, an efficient microalgal strain SD07 was isolated from pond wastewater and identified as Scenedesmus sp. using the 18S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The strain SD07 was grown in a variety of concentrations (25-100%) of municipal wastewater. Scenedesmus sp. strain SD07 grown in 75% diluted wastewater produced a higher amount of biomass (1.93 ± 0.10 g L-1), and removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonium (NH4+), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphate (TP) by 91.36%, 88.41%, 93.26% and 96.32%, respectively from wastewater. The harvested strain SD07 biomass has protein, carbohydrate and lipid contents of 35%, 20.4% and 33%, respectively. Fatty acid profiles revealed that the strain SD07 lipids mainly consist of palmitic acid (40.5%), palmitoleic acid (19%), linoleic acid (17%) and oleic acid (13.2%). Furthermore, strain SD07 cultured in 75% diluted wastewater produced 378 mg L-1 of exopolysaccharides (EPS). The EPS was utilized as a biostimulant in the cultivation of Solanum lycopersicum under salinity stress. In summary, these findings suggest that this Scenedesmus sp. strain SD07 can be employed for wastewater treatment as well as the production of valuable biomass, high-quality algal oil and EPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivagnanam Silambarasan
- Centro de Investigación en Micorrizas y Sustentabilidad Agroambiental, CIMYSA, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco, Chile.
| | - Peter Logeswari
- Centro de Investigación en Micorrizas y Sustentabilidad Agroambiental, CIMYSA, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco, Chile
| | - Ramachandran Sivaramakrishnan
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Aran Incharoensakdi
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Balu Kamaraj
- Department of Dental Education, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pablo Cornejo
- Escuela de Agronomía, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas y de Los Alimentos, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Quillota, Chile.
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Selvakumar D, Sonu KP, Ramadoss G, Sivaramakrishnan R, Jayavel R, Eswaramoorthy M, Venkateswara Rao K, Pugazhendhi A. Heterostructures of polyaniline and Ce-ZnO nanomaterial coated flexible PET thin films for LPG gas sensing at standard environment. Chemosphere 2023; 314:137492. [PMID: 36481170 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The n-type Ce doped ZnO (Ce-ZnO) and p-type polyaniline (PANI) heterojunction were successfully synthesized via simple chemical solution method for sensing liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) at standard environment. The morphology and structures of as-prepared Ce-ZnO & PANI nanoparticles were analyzed by numerous kinds of techniques. Ce-ZnO & PANI nanoparticles were mixed with n-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) which is coated over the gold coated PET electrode by doctor blade method and dried overnight at 60 °C to form p-n junction. The as-formed p-n junction is to be driven with the help of 1.5 V potential at ambient temperature. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results of Ce-ZnO nanoparticles confirmed the existence of Ce4+ and the improved amount of both chemisorbed oxygen and oxygen vacancy after the formation of Ce-ZnO heterojunction. The maximum response of 80% was realized for hollow Ce-ZnO/PANI sensor at 100 ppm. The proposed material is a novel candidate to detect the LPG even at low (30) ppm and this study reveals the possibility of developing a potentially inexpensive hollow Ce-ZnO/PANI sensor for sensing LPG efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Selvakumar
- Department of ECE, KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, 641407, India; Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore, 560064, India.
| | - K P Sonu
- Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore, 560064, India
| | - G Ramadoss
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613401, India
| | - R Sivaramakrishnan
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - R Jayavel
- Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, Anna University, Chennai, 600 025, India
| | - M Eswaramoorthy
- Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore, 560064, India
| | - K Venkateswara Rao
- Centre for Nano Science and Technology, JNT University Hyderabad, Kukatpally, 500085, Telangana, India
| | - A Pugazhendhi
- School of Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon; University Centre for Research & Development, Department of Civil Engineering, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India.
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Veeramuthu K, Annadurai P, Gideon DA, Sivaramakrishnan R, Sundarrajan B, Dhandayuthapani K, Pugazhendhi A. In silico molecular docking approach and in vitro cytotoxic, antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activity of Ixora brachiata Roxb. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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8
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Silambarasan S, Logeswari P, Sivaramakrishnan R, Cornejo P, Sipahutar MK, Pugazhendhi A. Amelioration of aluminum phytotoxicity in Solanum lycopersicum by co-inoculation of plant growth promoting Kosakonia radicincitans strain CABV2 and Streptomyces corchorusii strain CASL5. Sci Total Environ 2022; 832:154935. [PMID: 35395302 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) toxicity is the main constraint for crop cultivation in acidic soils. In this study, Al-tolerant rhizobacteria Kosakonia radicincitans (CABV2) and actinobacteria Streptomyces corchorusii (CASL5) were isolated from Beta vulgaris rhizosphere in acidic soil. Both isolates displayed high tolerance to Al (10 mM), produce siderophores, indole-3-acetic acid, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate and solubilize phosphate. Co-inoculation of CABV2 and CASL5 strains were significantly increased the root length (312.90%), shoot length (183.19%), fresh weight (224.82%), dry weight (309.25%) and photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a 279.69%, chlorophyll b 188.23% and carotenoids 158.20%) of Solanum lycopersicum plants under 300 mg Al kg-1 soil conditions as compared to uninoculated Al stressed plants. Similarly, the co-inoculation treated plants subjected to Al stress condition enhanced the uptake of essential nutrients (N 229%, P 252%, K 115%, Fe 185%, Mg 345% and Ca 202%) by plants as compared to Al stressed uninoculated plants. Under Al stress (300 mg Al kg-1 soil), co-inoculation significantly decreased malondialdehyde content (66%), and increased catalase (83%), superoxide dismutase (82%), peroxidase (89%) activities and root exudates (organic acids 6.44-12.36 fold) in S. lycopersicum as compared to uninoculated plants, indicating that the CABV2 and CASL5 strains were reduced Al-induced oxidative stress. Moreover, co-inoculation significantly reduced Al accumulation in the root (89%), stem (95%) and leaves (94%) of S. lycopersicum under Al stress at 300 mg Al kg-1 soil, compared to the uninoculated plants. This is the first report of K. radicincitans strain CABV2 and S. corchorusii strain CASL5 potentially reducing Al uptake in S. lycopersicum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivagnanam Silambarasan
- Centro de Investigación en Micorrizas y Sustentabilidad Agroambiental, CIMYSA, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco, Chile
| | - Peter Logeswari
- Centro de Investigación en Micorrizas y Sustentabilidad Agroambiental, CIMYSA, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco, Chile
| | - Ramachandran Sivaramakrishnan
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Pablo Cornejo
- Centro de Investigación en Micorrizas y Sustentabilidad Agroambiental, CIMYSA, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco, Chile; Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, BIOREN-UFRO, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco, Chile.
| | - Merry Krisdawati Sipahutar
- Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) Study Program, Faculty of Vocation, Balikpapan University, East Kalimantan, 76114, Indonesia
| | - Arivalagan Pugazhendhi
- Emerging Materials for Energy and Environmental Applications Research Group, School of Engineering and Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
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Maheswari P, Mohan DR, Krishnan AH, Sivaramakrishnan R, Pugazhendhi A. Impact of nano-ZnO consolidated poly (ether ether sulfone) nano filtration membrane for evacuation of hazardous metal particles. Chemosphere 2022; 297:134024. [PMID: 35227743 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Industrial wastewater contains heavy metals, colors, dyes, cyanides, and natural manufactured compounds are expanding around the world. It prompts extreme water shortage just as water quality issues. With enhancing worldwide interest for clean and reestablish water for human utilization. Wastewater treatment with membrane innovation is arising as a main cycle to address the issues. In this current work, we have found the expulsion of dangerous metal particles utilizing a nano-ZnO (0.5 wt%) incorporated poly (ether ether sulfone) (PEES) nanofiltration membrane. The created membranes were reviewed by ATR-FTIR, AFM, SEM investigations, XRD, contact angle estimation, mechanical properties, pure water flux, porosity and molecular weight cut-off, arsenic, fluoride, and nitrate rejection studies were illustrated. Because of the hydrophilic nature of ZnO, the resultant membranes had better hydrophilicity than PEES membranes based on porosity, water content, surface chemistry, membrane morphology, and contact angle data. The Nano-ZnO incorporated membrane demonstrated a superior quality execution contrasted with neat PEES membrane. We discovered that the rejection of As(III) and As (V) were > 85% and > 98% separately, and an expanded permeability of 559.28 ± 2 Lm-2 h-1 and 297.95 ± 2 Lm-2 h-1 individually was seen at pH 10. Fluoride and nitrate particles additionally indicated the most extreme expulsion efficiencies were > 89% and > 75% separately. The prepared membrane samples were incubated in water (40 °C) and sodium hypochlorite solution (active chlorine concentration 400 mg/L) for up to 10 days to determine the stability of polymer membrane matrix. The general outcomes inferred that the nano-ZnO incorporated PEES membrane gave remarkable result to eliminate dangerous metal ions with moderate permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purushothaman Maheswari
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Valliammai Engineering College, Katankulathur, Chennai, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Doraiswamy Raju Mohan
- Membrane Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Anna University, Chennai, 600025, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Adhikesavan Hari Krishnan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Arts and Science, AV Campus, Vinayaka Missions Research Foundation, Chennai, 603104, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramachandran Sivaramakrishnan
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Arivalagan Pugazhendhi
- College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Renewable Energy, Maejo University, Chiang Mai 50290, Thailand.
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Gnana Prakash D, Gopinath KP, Prasanth SM, Harish S, Rishikesh M, Sivaramakrishnan R, Pugazhendhi A. Extraction methodology of lignin from biomass waste influences the quality of bio-oil obtained by solvothermal depolymerization process. Chemosphere 2022; 293:133473. [PMID: 34974039 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Lignin from sugarcane bagasse was extracted using three different methods such as Alkaline, Ethanosolv, and Hydrotropic extraction and the effect of each method on yield and quality of bio-oil obtained when the lignin was depolymerized through solvothermal liquefaction was studied using ethanol as solvent. The maximum lignin yield was obtained in the hydrotropic extraction method when Sodium Xylene Sulfonate was used as the hydrotropic solvent at a concentration of 1.43 M and a temperature of 90 °C. Hydrothermal experiments were performed at temperature of 250 °C with a residence time of 30 min and lignin to ethanol ratio of 1:200 g/mL respectively. Among the methods used, the Ethanosolv lignin showed the highest extent of depolymerization (86.7%) to yield bio-oil at 250 °C with reduced biochar formation at lignin to solvent ratio of 1:200. Biochar obtained was used in adsorption studies of Cadmium (Cd), Lead (Pb), Nickel (Ni), and Zinc (Zn) and results showed that more than 85% removal of all the metals under lower concentration levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhakshinamoorthy Gnana Prakash
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, 603110, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kannappan Panchamoorthy Gopinath
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, 603110, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Sevalur Mahendran Prasanth
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, 603110, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sivakumaran Harish
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, 603110, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Muthamilselvam Rishikesh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, 603110, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramachandran Sivaramakrishnan
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Arivalagan Pugazhendhi
- School of Renewable Energy, Maejo University, Chiang Mai, 50290, Thailand; College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Sivaramakrishnan R, Incharoensakdi A. Overexpression of fatty acid synthesis genes in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 with disrupted glycogen synthesis increases lipid production with further enhancement under copper induced oxidative stress. Chemosphere 2022; 291:132755. [PMID: 34736940 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, fatty acid synthesis genes such as alpha and beta subunits of acetyl CoA carboxylase (accA and accD) were overexpressed in the glgC (Glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase) knockout Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. The biomass and lipid contents were evaluated in both the wild type and the engineered strains after copper treatment. The maximum lipid production of 0.981 g/L with the productivity of 81.75 mg/L/d was obtained from the copper treated ΔglgC + A-OX strain, which showed a 3.3-fold increase compared to the untreated wild type with satisfactory biodiesel properties. After copper treatment the knockout strain improved the unsaturated fatty acids level contributing to the increase of the saturated and mono-unsaturated ratio with improvement of the fuel quality. Copper induced oxidative stress also improved the photosynthetic pigments in engineered strains leading to increased tolerance against oxidative stress in the engineered strains. The copper treatment increased the antioxidant enzyme activities in the engineered strains especially in ΔglgC + A-OX strain. The carbon flux to lipid synthesis was enhanced by the engineered strains particularly with the knockout-overexpression strains. The Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 engineered with ΔglgC + A-OX showed high potential for fuel production after the copper treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramachandran Sivaramakrishnan
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| | - Aran Incharoensakdi
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand; Academy of Science, Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand.
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Veeramani S, Narayanan AP, Yuvaraj K, Sivaramakrishnan R, Pugazhendhi A, Rishivarathan I, Jose SP, Ilangovan R. Nigella sativa flavonoids surface coated gold NPs (Au-NPs) enhancing antioxidant and anti-diabetic activity. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Sakthivel S, Periakaruppan R, Vallinayagam S, Gandhi S, Tappa MM, Sharma VK, Sivaramakrishnan R, Suresh S, Gurusamy A. Synthesis and characterization of paddy straw chitosan nanocomposite as an efficient photocatalytic bio-adsorbent for the removal of rhodamine B and malachite green dye from aqueous solution. Appl Nanosci 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-021-02141-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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14
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Rajasekar A, Devasena T, Suresh S, Senthil B, Sivaramakrishnan R, Pugazhendhi A. Curcumin nanospheres and nanorods: Synthesis, characterization and anticancer activity. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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15
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Devendran P, Selvakumar D, Ramadoss G, Sivaramakrishnan R, Alagesan T, Jayavel R, Pandian K. A novel visible light active rare earth doped CdS nanoparticles decorated reduced graphene oxide sheets for the degradation of cationic dye from wastewater. Chemosphere 2022; 287:132091. [PMID: 34523436 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A variety of rare earth metals (La, Sm, Nd, Ce, Gd) doped cadmium sulfide (RE-CdS) grafted reduced graphene oxide (G) sheet nanocomposites estimated imperative attention due to their visible light-driven, tunable band gap and high surface to volume ratio were investigated for the photocatalytic degradation of cationic dye from aqueous solution. The formation of wurtzite (hexagonal) crystal structures of cadmium sulfide nanoparticles (NPs) was confirmed by Powder X-ray diffraction spectra and the average crystallite size was determined to be 10 ± 2 nm. HRTEM analysis confirmed the homogeneous distribution of RE-CdS NPs over the G sheets. The photocatalytic behaviour of the RE-CdS decorated G sheets was studied using a textile dye methylene blue (MB) under sunlight. The result indicates that among the various RE-CdS nanocomposites studied, Cerium-cadmium sulfide-reduced graphene oxide (Ce-CdS-G) shows highest MB degradation of 99.0 ± 0.4% within 90 min under sunlight. The result confirms that RE-CdS-G nanocatalyst efficiently accelerates the separation and slows down the recombination rate in photo excited charge carriers. The catalytic activity was retained over 80% of its original value even after four successive runs and the present method can be employed for the large-scale synthesis of RE-CdS-G nanocatalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pazhanivel Devendran
- Department of Physics, International Research Centre, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil, 626126, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Duraisamy Selvakumar
- Research and Development Centre, Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, 641008, India; Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, Anna University, Chennai, 600 025, India
| | - Govindarajan Ramadoss
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613401, India
| | - Ramachandran Sivaramakrishnan
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | | | - Ramasamy Jayavel
- Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, Anna University, Chennai, 600 025, India
| | - Kannaiyan Pandian
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Guindy Campus University of Madras, Chennai, 600 025, India
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Prakash DG, Gopinath KP, Vinatha V, Shreya S, Sivaramakrishnan R, Lan Chi NT. Enhanced production of hydrocarbons from lignin isolated from sugarcane bagasse using formic acid induced supercritical ethanol liquefaction followed by hydrodeoxygenation. Chemosphere 2021; 285:131491. [PMID: 34329131 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study involves the production of hydrocarbons from lignin extracted from sugarcane bagasse using Hydrothermal Liquefaction (HTL) followed by Hydrodeoxygenation (HDO). HTL of the lignin was studied under different solvents-methanol, ethanol and isopropanol in the presence of formic acid as an effective H-donor under varying lignin to solvent ratios (L:S = 1:15,1:30,1:40 g/mL), reaction temperatures (200 °C - 320 °C), reaction times (15, 30, 45,60 min) and ZnCl2 catalyst concentrations (30, 40, 50, 60 wt%). A maximum of 86% lignin derived phenolics was obtained when ethanol was used as solvent at 250 °C under L:S = 1:30 at 30 min reaction time with 60 wt% ZnCl2. The lignin-oil was upgraded by HDO process in the presence of Ni/Al2O3 catalyst and a maximum hydrocarbon yield of 73.5% was obtained with a HHV value of 48 MJ/kg. The hydrocarbons had excellent properties with a carbon range of C6-C12 with a purity of 51.2%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhakshinamoorthy Gnana Prakash
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, Chennai, 603 110, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Kannappan Panchamoorthy Gopinath
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, Chennai, 603 110, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Viswanathan Vinatha
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, Chennai, 603 110, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Suresh Shreya
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, Chennai, 603 110, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramachandran Sivaramakrishnan
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Nguyen Thuy Lan Chi
- Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
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Swetha A, ShriVigneshwar S, Gopinath KP, Sivaramakrishnan R, Shanmuganathan R, Arun J. Review on hydrothermal liquefaction aqueous phase as a valuable resource for biofuels, bio-hydrogen and valuable bio-chemicals recovery. Chemosphere 2021; 283:131248. [PMID: 34182640 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of biomass results in the formation of bio-oil, aqueous phase (HTL-AP), bio-char, and gaseous products. Safer disposal of HTL-AP is difficult on an industrial scale since it comprises low molecular acid compounds. This review provides a comprehensive note on the recent articles published on the effective usage of HTL-AP for the recovery of valuable compounds. Thermo-chemical and biological processes are the preferred techniques for the recovery of biofuel, platform chemicals from HTL-AP. From this review, it was evident that the composition of HTL-AP and product recovery are the integrated pathways, which depend on each other. Substitute as reaction medium in HTL process, growth medium for algae and microbes are the most common mode of reuse and recycle of HTL-AP. Future research is needed to depict the mechanism of HTL process when HTL-AP is used as a reaction medium on an industrial scale. Need to find a solution for the hindrance in commercializing HTL process and recovery of value-added compounds from HTL-AP from lab scale to industry level. Integrated pathways on reuse and HTL-AP recycle helps in reduced environmental concerns and sustainable production of bio-products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Authilingam Swetha
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, 603110, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sivakumar ShriVigneshwar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, 603110, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Ramachandran Sivaramakrishnan
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Rajasree Shanmuganathan
- Innovative Green Product Synthesis and Renewable Environment Development Research Group, Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Jayaseelan Arun
- Center for Waste Management - 'International Research Centre', Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Jeppiaar Nagar (OMR), Chennai, 603119, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Silambarasan S, Logeswari P, Sivaramakrishnan R, Kamaraj B, Lan Chi NT, Cornejo P. Cultivation of Nostoc sp. LS04 in municipal wastewater for biodiesel production and their deoiled biomass cellular extracts as biostimulants for Lactuca sativa growth improvement. Chemosphere 2021; 280:130644. [PMID: 33965865 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, seven different cyanobacteria (LS01-LS07) were isolated from paddy field water and among them, the isolate LS04 was able to grow well on municipal wastewater. The LS04 isolate was identified as Nostoc sp. (designated as Nostoc sp. LS04) based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Strain LS04 grew well in 75% wastewater and had the greatest nutrients removal efficiency (81.02-95.17%). Strain LS04 obtained the higher biomass (1.31 ± 0.08 g L-1) and productivity of 131.33 ± 8.08 mg L-1 d-1. The lipid content and productivity of LS04 were 14.85 ± 0.86% (dry cell weight) and 19.46 ± 0.05 mg L-1 d-1, respectively. The high proportion of C16-C18 fatty acids found in the lipids of LS04 indicated the high suitability for biodiesel production. In addition, Nostoc sp. LS04 cellular extracts were potentially used as a biostimulant for Lactuca sativa cultivation. The foliar application of 60% LS04 cellular extracts showed the maximum shoot length, root length, fresh biomass, dry biomass, Chl a, Chl b and carotenoids in lettuce plants compared to control plants. Similarly, 60% of LS04 cellular extracts treatment improved the concentrations of macro and micronutrients, and biochemical compounds in the leaves. Therefore, these results reveal that the Nostoc sp. LS04 is a promising candidate for the nutrients removal from wastewater and their biomass is a potential resource for biodiesel production and biostimulant for sustainable crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivagnanam Silambarasan
- Centro de Investigación en Micorrizas y Sustentabilidad Agroambiental, CIMYSA, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco, Chile.
| | - Peter Logeswari
- Centro de Investigación en Micorrizas y Sustentabilidad Agroambiental, CIMYSA, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco, Chile
| | - Ramachandran Sivaramakrishnan
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Balu Kamaraj
- Department of Neuroscience Technology, College of Applied Medical Science in Jubail, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Jubail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nguyen Thuy Lan Chi
- Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
| | - Pablo Cornejo
- Centro de Investigación en Micorrizas y Sustentabilidad Agroambiental, CIMYSA, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco, Chile; Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, BIOREN-UFRO, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco, Chile.
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Sivaramakrishnan R, Nandhini A, Jaipreethi P, Kapilan K, Uthra S, Kanchana S, Yuvaraj D, Arumugam M. Tyrosinase from Sepiella inermis (Van Hasselt [Ferussac & d’Orbigny], 1835) and its Phenol Removal Activity. NEPT 2021. [DOI: 10.46488/nept.2021.v20i02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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20
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Kartik A, Akhil D, Lakshmi D, Panchamoorthy Gopinath K, Arun J, Sivaramakrishnan R, Pugazhendhi A. A critical review on production of biopolymers from algae biomass and their applications. Bioresour Technol 2021; 329:124868. [PMID: 33707076 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Algae is abundantly present in our ecosystems and can be easily extracted and used for production of biopolymers. Algae does not produce any anthropogenic, harmful effects, has a good growth rate, and cultivable in wastewater. This literature elucidates the potential of algae biomass by comparing various seaweed and microalgae strains. The routes for biopolymer production were portrayed and their novel methods of isolation such as microwave assisted, ultrasound assisted, and subcritical water assisted extraction are discussed in detail. These novel methods are observed to be highly efficient compared to conventional solvent extraction, with the microwave assisted and ultrasound assisted processes yielding 33% and 5% more biopolymer respectively than the conventional method. Biopolymers are used in variety of applications such as environmental remediation, adsorbent and antioxidant. Biopolymer is shown to be highly effective in the removal of potentially toxic elements and is seen to extract more than 40 mg PTE/g biopolymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashokkumar Kartik
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam - 603110, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dilipkumar Akhil
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam - 603110, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Divya Lakshmi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam - 603110, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kannappan Panchamoorthy Gopinath
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam - 603110, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jayaseelan Arun
- Centre for Waste Management, International Research Centre, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Jeppiaar Nagar (OMR), Chennai 600119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramachandran Sivaramakrishnan
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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21
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Ramadoss G, Suriyaraj SP, Sivaramakrishnan R, Pugazhendhi A, Rajendran S. Mesoporous ferromagnetic manganese ferrite nanoparticles for enhanced visible light mineralization of azoic dye into nontoxic by-products. Sci Total Environ 2021; 765:142707. [PMID: 33069475 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a one pot facile synthesis of ferromagnetic manganese ferrite nanoparticles (MnFe2O4) was carried out using chemical co-precipitation method for mineralization of azo dye (Congo red (CR)) in aqueous solution under visible light irradiation. The synthesized MnFe2O4 nanoparticles were highly crystalline and showed face-centred cubic (FCC) structure with average particle size of 58 ± 4 nm. The BET analysis of the MnFe2O4 nanoparticles revealed the mesoporous distribution of material with high surface area can provide large electro active sites and short diffusion paths for the transport of ions which plays a vital role in the photocatalytic degradation of CR. The point of zero charge (pHPZC) was observed to be 6.7 indicating favourable condition for material-anionic dye interaction. The XPS studies revealed that the large amounts of oxygen vacancies were produced due to the defects in the lattice oxygen. The MnFe2O4 nanoparticles mineralised 98.3 ± 0.2% of 50 mg/L CR within 30 min when tested in photocatalytic reactor under 565 nm. The particles were recoverable under the influence of an external magnet after the photocatalytic reaction and were reusable. The recovered nanoparticles showed 96% of CR degradation efficiency even after five cycles of reuse. The by-product analysis with GC-MS indicated mineralization of CR into simple alcohols and acids. The aqueous solution containing mineralised CR was nontoxic to Trigonella foenumgraecum and Vigna mungo seeds and favoured increased germination, plumule and radicle length when compared to untreated CR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Govindarajan Ramadoss
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur 613401, India
| | | | - Ramachandran Sivaramakrishnan
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Arivalagan Pugazhendhi
- Innovative Green Product Synthesis and Renewable Environment Development Research Group, Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
| | - Selvakumar Rajendran
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, PSG Institute of Advanced Studies, P.B. No: 1609, Peelamedu, Coimbatore, -641004, Tamilnadu, India.
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Silambarasan S, Logeswari P, Sivaramakrishnan R, Pugazhendhi A, Kamaraj B, Ruiz A, Ramadoss G, Cornejo P. Polyhydroxybutyrate production from ultrasound-aided alkaline pretreated finger millet straw using Bacillus megaterium strain CAM12. Bioresour Technol 2021; 325:124632. [PMID: 33485084 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, finger millet straw (FMS) was utilized for the production of Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) by Bacillus megaterium strain CAM12. Ultrasound-assisted alkaline (NaOH) pretreatment of FMS under optimized conditions followed by enzymatic saccharification resulted in the maximum delignification (72%), hydrolysis yield (84%), glucose yield (86%) and xylose yield (61%). The effects of different pH, temperature, incubation period, inoculum concentration, agitation speed and FMS enzymatic hydrolysates concentration were investigated to improve the PHB production. Under optimized conditions, strain CAM12 used the FMS hydrolysates as the sole carbon source for their growth and produced 8.31 g L-1 of PHB. The extracted polymer on Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses were confirmed to be PHB. These results suggest the potential of combined ultrasound and alkaline pretreated FMS hydrolysates as a promising feedstock for PHB production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivagnanam Silambarasan
- Centro de Investigación en Micorrizas y Sustentabilidad Agroambiental, CIMYSA, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco, Chile
| | - Peter Logeswari
- Centro de Investigación en Micorrizas y Sustentabilidad Agroambiental, CIMYSA, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco, Chile
| | - Ramachandran Sivaramakrishnan
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | | | - Balu Kamaraj
- Department of Neuroscience Technology, College of Applied Medical Science in Jubail, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Jubail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Antonieta Ruiz
- Centro de Investigación en Micorrizas y Sustentabilidad Agroambiental, CIMYSA, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco, Chile; Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, BIOREN-UFRO, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco, Chile
| | - Govindarajan Ramadoss
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613401, India
| | - Pablo Cornejo
- Centro de Investigación en Micorrizas y Sustentabilidad Agroambiental, CIMYSA, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco, Chile; Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, BIOREN-UFRO, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco, Chile.
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Silambarasan S, Logeswari P, Sivaramakrishnan R, Incharoensakdi A, Cornejo P, Kamaraj B, Chi NTL. Removal of nutrients from domestic wastewater by microalgae coupled to lipid augmentation for biodiesel production and influence of deoiled algal biomass as biofertilizer for Solanum lycopersicum cultivation. Chemosphere 2021; 268:129323. [PMID: 33359999 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Chlorella sp., Scenedesmus sp., and their consortium were used for the biorefinery approach. The algal consortium (Chlorella sp. + Scenedesmus sp.) grown well in 75% diluted wastewater, and obtained the highest biomass (1.78 g L-1), chlorophyll (27.03 μg mL-1), protein (175 μg mL-1) and lipid content (34.83% dry cell weight). Algal consortium showed mainly 51.75% of palmitic acid and 35.45% of oleic acid in the lipids. The removal of nitrate, ammonium, phosphate, chemical oxygen demand, total organic carbon and total nitrogen in 75% diluted wastewater by algal consortium were 96%, 98%, 95%, 83%, 86% and 94%, respectively. Moreover, deoiled algal biomass (DAB) waste used as a biofertilizer combined with inorganic fertilizer resulted in the grater improvement of Solanum lycopersicum shoot length (44%), root length (89%), fresh weight (95%), dry weight (53%), macro and micro-nutrients (N 61%, P 179%, K 71%, Ca 38%, Mg 26% and Fe 11%), and tomato yield (174%) as compared to control treatment. Our results indicate that the use of consortium is not only a potential bioresource for wastewater treatment and biodiesel production but also the DAB waste is an effective biofertilizer for sustainable agriculture production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivagnanam Silambarasan
- Centro de Investigación en Micorrizas y Sustentabilidad Agroambiental, CIMYSA, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco, Chile.
| | - Peter Logeswari
- Centro de Investigación en Micorrizas y Sustentabilidad Agroambiental, CIMYSA, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco, Chile
| | - Ramachandran Sivaramakrishnan
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| | - Aran Incharoensakdi
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand; Academy of Science, Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand
| | - Pablo Cornejo
- Centro de Investigación en Micorrizas y Sustentabilidad Agroambiental, CIMYSA, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco, Chile; Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, BIOREN-UFRO, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco, Chile.
| | - Balu Kamaraj
- Department of Neuroscience Technology, College of Applied Medical Science in Jubail, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Jubail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nguyen Thuy Lan Chi
- Innovative Green Product Synthesis and Renewable Environment Development Research Group, Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
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Arun J, Gopinath KP, Sivaramakrishnan R, SundarRajan P, Malolan R, Pugazhendhi A. Technical insights into the production of green fuel from CO 2 sequestered algal biomass: A conceptual review on green energy. Sci Total Environ 2021; 755:142636. [PMID: 33065504 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Algae a promising energy reserve due to its adaptability, cheap source, sustainability and it's growth ability in wastewater with efficient sequestration of industrial carbon dioxide. This review summarizes the pathways available for biofuel production from carbon sequestered algae biomass. In this regard, this review focuses on microalgae and its cultivation in wastewater with CO2 sequestration. Conversion of carbon sequestered biomass into bio-fuels via thermo-chemical routes and its engine emission properties. Energy perspective of green gaseous biofuels in near future. This review revealed that algae was the pre-dominant CO2 sequester than terrestrial plants in an eco-friendly and economical way with simultaneous wastewater remediation. Hydrothermal liquefaction of algae biomass was the most preferred mode for biofuel generation than pyrolysis due to high moisture content. The algae based fuels exhibit less greenhouse gases emission and higher energy value. This review helps the researchers, environmentalists and industrialists to evaluate the impact of algae based bio-energy towards green energy and environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayaseelan Arun
- Center for Waste Management - 'International Research Centre', Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Jeppiaar Nagar (OMR), Chennai 600 119, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | | | - Ramachandran Sivaramakrishnan
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - PanneerSelvam SundarRajan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam 603110, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajagopal Malolan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam 603110, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arivalagan Pugazhendhi
- Innovative Green Product Synthesis and Renewable Environment Development Research Group, Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
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Sivaramakrishnan R, Ramprakash B, Ramadoss G, Suresh S, Pugazhendhi A, Incharoensakdi A. High potential of Rhizopus treated rice bran waste for the nutrient-free anaerobic fermentative biohydrogen production. Bioresour Technol 2021; 319:124193. [PMID: 33035864 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Rhizopus oligosporus MTCC 556 (Rhizopus) treated rice bran was utilized for the anaerobic bacterial fermentative hydrogen production. The Enterobacter aerogenes MTCC 2822 with nutrients addition fermented the treated rice bran to give hydrogen yield of 5.4 mmol H2/g of biomass. A closely similar hydrogen yield of 4.6 mmol H2/g of biomass was obtained from the treated rice bran under the condition without nutrients addition, suggesting the potential of the fungus treatment to produce hydrogen from nutrient-free fermentation. The pretreated rice bran showed efficient hydrogen production upon anaerobic fermentation without nutrients addition. The Rhizopus pretreated biomass can provide required nutrients for the enhancement of hydrogen yield by anaerobic fermentation. The Rhizopus pretreatment of rice bran enhanced the hydrogen production under nutrient-free conditions which reduced the overall production cost. The findings provide a promising solution to efficiently utilize the rice bran waste for low cost hydrogen production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramachandran Sivaramakrishnan
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Balasubramani Ramprakash
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Govindarajan Ramadoss
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613401, India
| | - Subramaniyam Suresh
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science and Humanities, Ramapuram Campus, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Bharathi Salai, Ramapuram, Chennai 600089, India
| | - Arivalagan Pugazhendhi
- Innovative Green Product Synthesis and Renewable Environment Development Research Group, Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Aran Incharoensakdi
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Academy of Science, Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok 10300, Thailand.
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Arun J, Gopinath KP, Sivaramakrishnan R, Shyam S, Mayuri N, Manasa S, Pugazhendhi A. Hydrothermal liquefaction of Prosopis juliflora biomass for the production of ferulic acid and bio-oil. Bioresour Technol 2021; 319:124116. [PMID: 32957046 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this work was to study the hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of Prosopis juliflora biomass for the production of ferulic acid and bio-oil. Biomass was processed with various solvents (NaOH, KOH, HCl and H2SO4) to produce ferulic acid (FA). FA oxidation was carried out using the Nano ZnO catalyst to produce an optimum vanillin yield of 0.3 g at 70 °C with 0.4% catalyst loading for a time of 60 min. The spent solid residue was then processed using HTL at 5 MPa pressure and a temperature range of 240-340 °C. Various biomass loading (2.5 g to 12.5 g) was taken for a fixed water content of 200 mL. Bio-oil optimum yield was 22.5 wt% for 10 g/200 mL of biomass loading ratio. The optimum temperature was 300 °C for a processing time of 1 h. The catalyst showed the reusable capability of two three consecutive cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayaseelan Arun
- Center for Waste Management - 'International Research Center', Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Jeppiaar Nagar (OMR), Chennai 600 119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Ramachandran Sivaramakrishnan
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Sivaprasad Shyam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, 603110, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Namasivayam Mayuri
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, 603110, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sadhasivan Manasa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, 603110, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arivalagan Pugazhendhi
- Innovative Green Product Synthesis and Renewable Environment Development Research Group, Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
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Sivaramakrishnan R, Suresh S, Pugazhendhi A, Mercy Nisha Pauline J, Incharoensakdi A. Response of Scenedesmus sp. to microwave treatment: Enhancement of lipid, exopolysaccharide and biomass production. Bioresour Technol 2020; 312:123562. [PMID: 32504948 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The present study focuses on the use of microwave irradiation to improve the production of lipid, exopolysaccharide and biomass in the microalgae Scenedesmus sp. Microwave treatment conditions such as microwave power, duty cycle % and time was optimized to increase the biomass and lipid content of Scenedesmus sp. Microwave power 100 W, duty cycle 40 %, and 2 min treatment time led to a substantial improvement in the biomass and lipid content. Due to the simultaneous improvement in both the biomass and lipid content, the total lipid production was improved from 0.76 (microwave untreated) to 1.42 g/L (microwave treated) (12 days grown cells). In addition, with biomass and lipid content, microwave treatment also enhanced the production of Exopolysaccharides (EPS) up to 2.3-folds. Furthermore, biodiesel properties were improved to some extent after the microwave treatment. Microwave irradiation is a promising physical treatment method for microalgae to improve total lipid production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramachandran Sivaramakrishnan
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Subramaniyam Suresh
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Ramapuram Campus, Chennai 600 089, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arivalagan Pugazhendhi
- Innovative Green Product Synthesis and Renewable Environment Development Research Group, Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - J Mercy Nisha Pauline
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College of Technology, Coimbatore 641 013, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Aran Incharoensakdi
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Academy of Science, Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok 10300, Thailand.
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Kumar G, Mathimani T, Sivaramakrishnan R, Shanmugam S, Bhatia SK, Pugazhendhi A. Application of molecular techniques in biohydrogen production as a clean fuel. Sci Total Environ 2020; 722:137795. [PMID: 32208247 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Considering the future energy demand and pollution to the environment, biohydrogen, a biofuel, produced from biological sources have garnered increased attention. The present review emphasis the various techniques and methods employed to enumerate the microbial community and enhancement of hydrogen production by dark fermentation. Notably, molecular techniques such as terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP), quantitative real-time PCR (q-PCR), fluorescent in-situ hybridization (FISH), denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (RISA), and next generation sequencing (NGS) have been extensively discussed on identifying the microbial population in hydrogen production. Further, challenges and merits of the molecular techniques have been elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopalakrishnan Kumar
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Thangavel Mathimani
- Department of Energy and Environment, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli - 620015, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramachandran Sivaramakrishnan
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Sabarathinam Shanmugam
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044 China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Arivalagan Pugazhendhi
- Innovative Green Product Synthesis and Renewable Environment Development Research Group, Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
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Rajendra Thilahar C, Sivaramakrishnan R. A fuzzy rule based effective feature selection approach for augmented reality. IFS 2020. [DOI: 10.3233/jifs-191674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Sivaramakrishnan R, Incharoensakdi A. Plant hormone induced enrichment of Chlorella sp. omega-3 fatty acids. Biotechnol Biofuels 2020; 13:7. [PMID: 31969931 PMCID: PMC6966795 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-019-1647-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Omega-3 fatty acids have various health benefits in combating against neurological problems, cancers, cardiac problems and hypertriglyceridemia. The main dietary omega-3 fatty acids are obtained from marine fish. Due to the pollution of marine environment, recently microalgae are considered as the promising source for the omega-3 fatty acid production. However, the demand and high production cost associated with microalgal biomass make it necessary to implement novel strategies in improving the biomass and omega-3 fatty acids from microalgae. RESULTS Four plant hormones zeatin, indole acetic acid (IAA), gibberellic acid (GBA) and abscisic acid (ABA) were investigated for their effect on the production of biomass and lipid in isolated Chlorella sp. The cells showed an increase of the biomass and lipid content after treatments with the plant hormones where the highest stimulatory effect was observed in ABA-treated cells. On the other hand, IAA showed the highest stimulatory effect on the omega-3 fatty acids content, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (23.25%) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (26.06%). On the other hand, cells treated with ABA had highest lipid content suitable for the biodiesel applications. The determination of ROS markers, antioxidant enzymes, and fatty acid biosynthesis genes after plant hormones treatment helped elucidate the mechanism underlying the improvement in biomass, lipid content and omega-3 fatty acids. All four plant hormones upregulated the fatty acid biosynthesis genes, whereas IAA particularly increased omega-3-fatty acids as a result of the upregulation of omega-3 fatty acid desaturase. CONCLUSIONS The contents of omega-3 fatty acids, the clinically important compounds, were considerably improved in IAA-treated cells. The highest lipid content obtained from ABA-treated biomass can be used for biodiesel application according to its biodiesel properties. The EPA and DHA enriched ethyl esters are an approved form of omega-3 fatty acids by US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) which can be utilized as the therapeutic treatment for the severe hypertriglyceridemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramachandran Sivaramakrishnan
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
| | - Aran Incharoensakdi
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
- Academy of Science, Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok, 10300 Thailand
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Sivaramakrishnan R, Incharoensakdi A. Low power ultrasound treatment for the enhanced production of microalgae biomass and lipid content. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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32
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Sivaramakrishnan R, Suresh S, Incharoensakdi A. Chlamydomonas sp. as dynamic biorefinery feedstock for the production of methyl ester and ɛ-polylysine. Bioresour Technol 2019; 272:281-287. [PMID: 30366287 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
An integrated production of methyl ester and ɛ-polylysine from Chlamydomonas sp. was studied using biorefinery approach. The harvesting efficiency of Chlamydomonas sp. was increased up to 92% by treatment with a flocculant FeCl3 at 100 mg/L for 30 min. The DMC (dimethyl carbonate) mediated enzyme catalyzed in-situ transesterification of Chlamydomonas sp. yielded the maximum methyl ester of 92% under optimized conditions. The valued-added product ɛ-polylysine was produced from hydrolysate obtained from the spent biomass of Chlamydomonas sp. using Streptomyces sp. The key components of sugar and MgSO4 used for ɛ-polysine production were optimized whereby the maximum ɛ-polylysine production was achieved at 50 g/L sugar and 0.3 g/L MgSO4. The ɛ-polylysine production was further enhanced by supplementation of important amino acids (lysine and aspartate) and TCA cycle intermediates (citric acid and α-ketoglutaric acid). The maximum ɛ-polylysine production of 2.24 g/L was found with 4 mM citric acid supplementation after 110 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramachandran Sivaramakrishnan
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Subramaniyam Suresh
- Department of Chemistry, Ramapuram Campus, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
| | - Aran Incharoensakdi
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
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Sivaramakrishnan R, Incharoensakdi A. Enhancement of lipid production in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 overexpressing glycerol kinase under oxidative stress with glycerol supplementation. Bioresour Technol 2018; 267:532-540. [PMID: 30048929 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.07.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effect of glycerol kinase overexpression in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 on lipid content was investigated. The glycerol kinase overexpressing Synechocystis cells (OE) had a higher lipid content than the wild type. The OE treated with phenol up to 1 mM showed a slight increase in the cell biomass whereas the total lipid production increased considerably (0.39 ± 0.012 g/L) as compared to that of the wild type (0.26 ± 0.01 g/L). The supplementation of 12 g/L glycerol to BG11 medium increased the lipid content of phenol treated OE from 22 to 35% with the increase of lipid production from 0.39 ± 0.012 to 0.69 ± 0.035 g/L. The RT-PCR analysis revealed that the expression of glpK was upregulated from 1.3 to 2.4 and from 1.89 to 3.64-fold after phenol treatment and glycerol supplementation respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramachandran Sivaramakrishnan
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Aran Incharoensakdi
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
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Thamizhvani TR, Lakshmanan S, Sivaramakrishnan R. Mobile application-based computer-aided diagnosis of skin tumours from dermal images. The Imaging Science Journal 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/13682199.2018.1492682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. R. Thamizhvani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vels University, Chennai, India
| | - Suganthi Lakshmanan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, SSN College of Engineering, Chennai, India
| | - R. Sivaramakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, SSN College of Engineering, Chennai, India
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Sivaramakrishnan R, Incharoensakdi A. Microalgae as feedstock for biodiesel production under ultrasound treatment - A review. Bioresour Technol 2018; 250:877-887. [PMID: 29221914 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.11.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The application of ultrasound in biodiesel production has recently emerged as a novel technology. Ultrasound treatment enhances the mass transfer characteristics leading to the increased reaction rate with short reaction time and potentially reduces the production cost. In this review, application of ultrasound-assisted biodiesel production using acid, base and enzyme catalysts is presented. A critical assessment of the current status of ultrasound in biodiesel production was discussed with the emphasis on using ultrasound for efficient microalgae biodiesel production. The ultrasound in the biodiesel production enhances the emulsification of immiscible liquid reactant by microturbulence generated by cavitation bubbles. The major benefit of the ultrasound-assisted biodiesel production is a reduction in reaction time. Several different methods have been discussed to improve the biodiesel production. Overall, this review focuses on the current understanding of the application of ultrasound in biodiesel production from microalgae and to provide insights into future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramachandran Sivaramakrishnan
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Aran Incharoensakdi
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
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Sivaramakrishnan R, Incharoensakdi A. Enhancement of total lipid yield by nitrogen, carbon, and iron supplementation in isolated microalgae. J Phycol 2017; 53:855-868. [PMID: 28523645 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The biochemical contents and biodiesel production ability of three microalgal strains grown under different sodium nitrate, sodium carbonate, and ferric ammonium citrate (iron) levels were investigated. The highest biomass and lipid contents were found in Scenedesmus sp., Chlorella sp., and Chlamydomonas sp. when grown in normal BG-11 containing sodium carbonate concentration at 0.03 g · L-1 , and in normal BG-11 containing iron concentration (IC) at 0.009 or 0.012 g · L-1 . Increasing the sodium nitrate level increased the biomass content, but decreased the lipid content in all three microalgae. Among the three microalgae, Scenedesmus sp. showed the highest total lipid yield of 0.69 g · L-1 under the IC of 0.012 g · L-1 . Palmitic and oleic acids were the major fatty acids of Scenedesmus sp. and Chlamydomonas sp. lipids. On the other hand, Chlorella sp. lipids were rich in palmitic, oleic, and linolenic acids, and henceforth contributing to poor biodiesel properties below the standard limits. The three isolated strains had a potential for biodiesel production. Nevertheless, Scenedesmus sp. from stone quarry pond water was the most suitable source for biodiesel production with tolerance toward the high concentration of sodium carbonate without the loss of its biodiesel properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramachandran Sivaramakrishnan
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Aran Incharoensakdi
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
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Sivaramakrishnan R, Incharoensakdi A. Enhancement of lipid production in Scenedesmus sp. by UV mutagenesis and hydrogen peroxide treatment. Bioresour Technol 2017; 235:366-370. [PMID: 28384589 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.03.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The high potential UV mutagenized Scenedesmus sp. was obtained in which the cells had a higher biomass and lipid content than the wild type with an increase from 1.9 to 2.4g/L and from 40 to 55% of dry cell weight respectively after 12days. Oxidative stress imposed by H2O2 treatment decreased the biomass of both the wild type and the mutant. The H2O2 treated mutant when grown in BG11 medium showed an increase in biomass which was in contrast to a decreased biomass observed in the H2O2 treated wild type. A 3-fold increase in lipid yield of 1.63g/L was obtained in the oxidative stress-induced mutant compared to the wild type. Overall results indicate that prior treatment of UV-mutagenized Scenedesmus with oxidative stress can increase the total lipid production which, due to its derived methyl ester having acceptable biodiesel properties, can be potentially utilized for biodiesel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramachandran Sivaramakrishnan
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Aran Incharoensakdi
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
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Sivaramakrishnan R, Incharoensakdi A. Production of methyl ester from two microalgae by two-step transesterification and direct transesterification. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2017; 24:4950-4963. [PMID: 27995506 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-8217-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The efficiency of oil extraction from Chlorella sp. and Scenedesmus sp. using different cell disruption and solvent system was investigated. The ultrasound cell disruption method showed the maximum oil extraction in both algae. Oil extraction with hexane resulted in maximum oil yield for both algae. The kinetic parameters were studied and the extraction followed the first-order kinetics. The activation energy and thermodynamic activation parameters were calculated for both microalgae and the results suggested that the extraction was endothermic, irreversible and spontaneous. The methyl ester yields by two-step transesterification and direct transesterification were 95 and 96% for Scenedesmus sp. and 89 and 92% for Chlorella sp. respectively. Both methods had similar net energy consumption suitable for industrial application. The methyl ester properties were analysed in comparison with those of American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) D6751 standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramachandran Sivaramakrishnan
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Aran Incharoensakdi
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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Sivaramakrishnan R, Gupta S, Agarwal SK, Bhowmik D, Mahajan S. Comparison of outcomes between surgically placed and percutaneously placed peritoneal dialysis catheters: A retrospective study. Indian J Nephrol 2016; 26:268-74. [PMID: 27512299 PMCID: PMC4964687 DOI: 10.4103/0971-4065.163425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
There is lack of adequate data on comparison of outcomes between percutaneously placed peritoneal dialysis (PD) catheters inserted by nephrologists and PD catheters placed by surgeons. The aim of this study is to retrospectively analyze the outcomes of PD catheters inserted by surgeons (by open surgical or laparoscopic technique) and compare them with those inserted by nephrologists among ESRD patients who underwent elective PD catheter insertions between January 2009 and December 2012. The primary outcome measure was the proportion of catheters removed because of primary nonfunction. The secondary outcome measures were catheter survival, patient survival, and incidence of complications of catheter insertion. A total of 143 PD catheter insertions (88 by surgeons and 55 by nephrologists) performed in 132 patients were considered for the analysis. The primary nonfunction rate of PD catheter insertions in both groups was comparable (18.2% and 7.3%, P = 0.08). Break-in period was shorter in Group N (p = <0.001). No differences were noted in patient or catheter survival. Percutaneously placed PD catheters performed by nephrologists have comparable outcomes with surgically placed PD catheters among selected cases and have the advantage of lower costs, avoidance of operation theater scheduling issues, smaller incision length, and shorter break-in period. Therefore, more nephrologists should acquire the expertise on percutaneous PD catheter placement as it leads to lesser waiting times and better utilization of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sivaramakrishnan
- Department of Nephrology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S Gupta
- Department of Nephrology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S K Agarwal
- Department of Nephrology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - D Bhowmik
- Department of Nephrology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S Mahajan
- Department of Nephrology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Mathur RP, Nayak S, Sivaramakrishnan R, Jain V. Role of Alpha Blockers in Hypertension with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. J Assoc Physicians India 2014; 62:40-44. [PMID: 26245042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) are common disorders of aging men. As the world population is aging these two diseases are becoming a significant public health problem worldwide. Approximately 30% of men treated for BPH have coexisting hypertension. The α-Adrenergic Blockers: Prazosin, Terazosin and Doxazosin are established agents in the therapy of hypertension, and are also effective drugs in the treatment of BPH. It is reasonable to use α-Adrenergic Blockers as the treatment of choice for men with hypertension and BPH.
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Sivaramakrishnan R, Muthukumar K. Direct transesterification of Oedogonium sp. oil be using immobilized isolated novel Bacillus sp. lipase. J Biosci Bioeng 2014; 117:86-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2013.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2013] [Revised: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 06/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Peukert SL, Labbe NJ, Sivaramakrishnan R, Michael JV. Direct measurements of rate constants for the reactions of CH3 radicals with C2H6, C2H4, and C2H2 at high temperatures. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:10228-38. [PMID: 23968575 DOI: 10.1021/jp4073153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The shock tube technique has been used to study the reactions CH3 + C2H6 → C2H4 + CH4 + H (1), CH3 + C2H4 → Products + H (2), and CH3 + C2H2 → Products + H (3). Biacetyl, (CH3CO)2, was used as a clean high temperature thermal source for CH3-radicals for all the three reactions studied in this work. For reaction 1, the experiments span a T-range of 1153 K ≤ T ≤ 1297 K, at P ~ 0.4 bar. The experiments on reaction 2 cover a T-range of 1176 K ≤ T ≤ 1366 K, at P ~ 1.0 bar, and those on reaction 3 a T-range of 1127 K ≤ T ≤ 1346 K, at P ~ 1.0 bar. Reflected shock tube experiments performed on reactions 1-3, monitored the formation of H-atoms with H-atom Atomic Resonance Absorption Spectrometric (ARAS). Fits to the H-atom temporal profiles using an assembled kinetics model were used to make determinations for k1, k2, and k3. In the case of C2H6, the measurements of [H]-atoms were used to derive direct high-temperature rate constants, k1, that can be represented by the Arrhenius equation k1(T) = 5.41 × 10(-12) exp(-6043 K/T) cm(3) molecules(-1) s(-1) (1153 K ≤ T ≤ 1297 K) for the only bimolecular process that occurs, H-atom abstraction. TST calculations based on ab initio properties calculated at the CCSD(T)/CBS//M06-2X/cc-pVTZ level of theory show excellent agreement, within ±20%, of the measured rate constants. For the reaction of CH3 with C2H4, the present rate constant results, k2', refer to the sum of rate constants, k(2b) + k(2c), from two competing processes, addition-elimination, and the direct abstraction CH3 + C2H4 → C3H6 + H (2b) and CH3 + C2H4 → C2H2 + H + CH4 (2c). Experimental rate constants for k2' can be represented by the Arrhenius equation k2'(T) = 2.18 × 10(-10) exp(-11830 K/T) cm(3) molecules(-1) s(-1) (1176 K ≤ T ≤ 1366 K). The present results are in excellent agreement with recent theoretical predictions. The present study provides the only direct measurement for the high-temperature rate constants for these channels. Lastly, measurements of H-atoms from the reaction of CH3 with C2H2 provided direct unambiguous determinations of the rate constant for the dominant process under the present experimental conditions, the addition-elimination, CH3 + C2H2 → p-C3H4 + H (3b). Experimental rate constants for k(3b) can be represented by the Arrhenius equation k(3b)(T) = 5.16 × 10(-13) exp(-3852 K/T) cm(3) molecules(-1) s(-1) (1127 K ≤ T ≤ 1346 K). The present determinations for k(3b) represent the only direct measurements for this reaction and are also in good agreement with recent theoretical predictions. The present experimental k(3b) values were also used to derive rate constants, k(-3b), for the more extensively studied back-process, the reaction of H-atoms with propyne. The best fit Arrhenius equation, combining the presently derived k(-3b) values with a recent experimental determination for k(-3b), can be represented by k(-3b)(T) = 3.87 × 10(-11) exp(-1313 K/T) cm(3) molecules(-1) s(-1) (870 K ≤ T ≤ 1346 K). The present studies represent a novel implementation of the sensitive H-ARAS technique to measure rate constants for poorly characterized and difficult to isolate "slow" CH3-radical reactions with stable C2 hydrocarbons.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Peukert
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
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Peukert SL, Sivaramakrishnan R, Michael JV. High Temperature Shock Tube Studies on the Thermal Decomposition of O3 and the Reaction of Dimethyl Carbonate with O-Atoms. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:3729-38. [DOI: 10.1021/jp400613p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. L. Peukert
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439,
United States
| | - R. Sivaramakrishnan
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439,
United States
| | - J. V. Michael
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439,
United States
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Peukert SL, Sivaramakrishnan R, Michael JV. High Temperature Shock Tube and Theoretical Studies on the Thermal Decomposition of Dimethyl Carbonate and Its Bimolecular Reactions with H and D-Atoms. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:3718-28. [DOI: 10.1021/jp312643k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. L. Peukert
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439,
United States
| | - R. Sivaramakrishnan
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439,
United States
| | - J. V. Michael
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439,
United States
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Sivaramakrishnan R, Michael JV, Harding LB, Klippenstein SJ. Shock tube explorations of roaming radical mechanisms: the decompositions of isobutane and neopentane. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:5981-9. [PMID: 22394380 DOI: 10.1021/jp210959j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The thermal decompositions of isobutane and neopentane have been studied using both shock tube experiments and ab initio transition state theory based master equation calculations. Dissociation rate constants for these molecules have been measured at high temperatures (1260-1566 K) behind reflected shock waves using high-sensitivity H-ARAS detection. The two major dissociation channels at high temperature are iso-C(4)H(10) → CH(3) + i-C(3)H(7) (1a) and neo-C(5)H(12) → CH(3) + t-C(4)H(9) (2a). Ultrahigh-sensitivity ARAS detection of H-atoms produced from the rapid decomposition of the product radicals, i-C(3)H(7) in (1a) and t-C(4)H(9) in (2a), through i-C(3)H(7) + M → H + C(3)H(6) + M (3a) and t-C(4)H(9) + M → H + i-C(4)H(8) + M (4a) allowed measurements of both the total decomposition rate constants, k(total), and the branching to radical products, which were observed to be equivalent in both systems, k(1a)/k(total) and k(2a)/k(total) = 0.79 ± 0.05. Theoretical analyses indicate that in isobutane, the non-H-atom fraction has two contributions, the dominant fraction being due to the roaming radical mechanism leading to molecular products through iso-C(4)H(10) → CH(4) + C(3)H(6) (1b) with k(1b)/k(total) = 0.16, and a minor fraction that involves the isomerization of i-C(3)H(7) to n-C(3)H(7) that then subsequently forms methyl radicals, i-C(3)H(7) + M → n-C(3)H(7) + M → CH(3) + C(2)H(4) + M (3b). In contrast to isobutane, in neopentane, the contribution to the non-H-atom fraction is exclusively through the roaming radical mechanism that leads to neo-C(5)H(12) → CH(4) + i-C(4)H(8) (2b) with k(2b)/k(total) = 0.21. These quantitative measurements of larger contributions from the roaming mechanism for larger molecules are in agreement with the qualitative theoretical arguments that suggest long-range dispersion interactions (which become increasingly important for larger molecules) may enhance roaming.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sivaramakrishnan
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
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Sivaramakrishnan R, Muthukumar K. Isolation of Thermo-stable and Solvent-Tolerant Bacillus sp. Lipase for the Production of Biodiesel. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2011; 166:1095-111. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-011-9497-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2011] [Accepted: 12/11/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Sivaramakrishnan R, Su MC, Michael JV, Klippenstein SJ, Harding LB, Ruscic B. Shock Tube and Theoretical Studies on the Thermal Decomposition of Propane: Evidence for a Roaming Radical Channel. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:3366-79. [DOI: 10.1021/jp2006205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Sivaramakrishnan
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - M.-C. Su
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - J. V. Michael
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - S. J. Klippenstein
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - L. B. Harding
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - B. Ruscic
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
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Sivaramakrishnan R, Kaul B, Jain SB, Mandonca S, Gupta S. Multiple sclerosis in a patient with membranous glomerulopathy: is vitamin D deficiency the culprit in the presence of HLA DRB1*1501 allele? Mult Scler 2011; 17:254. [DOI: 10.1177/1352458510383149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Sivaramakrishnan
- Department of Nephrology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Bhavna Kaul
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Sheel Badhra Jain
- Department of Nephrology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Sathish Mandonca
- Department of Nephrology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Sanjay Gupta
- Department of Nephrology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
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Arockia Selvakumar A, Sathish Pandian R, Sivaramakrishnan R, Kalaichelvan K. Simulation and performance study of 3 — DOF parallel manipulator units. INTERACT-2010 2010. [DOI: 10.1109/interact.2010.5706219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
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