1
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A multi-step nitrifying microbial enrichment to remove ammonia and nitrite in brackish aquaculture systems. Biodegradation 2022; 33:373-388. [PMID: 35610494 DOI: 10.1007/s10532-022-09988-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
One of the most important advancements in harnessing the biological nitrification in the field is enrichment solution of nitrifying microbial consortia. In the current study, we developed an improved multi-step enrichment to amplify a targeted microbial consortium from a sediment sample collected in tropical mangrove, Vietnam. The results showed that it took 122 culturing days with five unique continuous enrichment steps, the microbial consortium consumed total 5665 mgN L-1. Relative substrate removal rate increased rapidly from 0.114 mgN L-1 h-1 at the end of the first-step enrichment up to 3.58 mgN L-1 h-1 at the end of the fifth-step enrichment. High-throughput sequencing revealed that Nitrospirae, Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were the dominant taxa at the phylum level while Nitrospira, Marinobacter, Denitromonas and Nitrosomonas were the dominant taxa at the genus level in the enriched consortia. A pilot-scale experiment for shrimp cultivation of L. vannamei in 84 day-period proved the efficiency of Total ammonium nitrogen and nitrite removal in the consortium-activated treatment was much higher than the control.
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2
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Lopez C, Nnorom MA, Tsang YF, Knapp CW. Pharmaceuticals and personal care products' (PPCPs) impact on enriched nitrifying cultures. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:60968-60980. [PMID: 34165737 PMCID: PMC8580922 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14696-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The impact of pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) on the performance of biological wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) has been widely studied using whole-community approaches. These contaminants affect the capacity of microbial communities to transform nutrients; however, most have neither honed their examination on the nitrifying communities directly nor considered the impact on individual populations. In this study, six PPCPs commonly found in WWTPs, including a stimulant (caffeine), an antimicrobial agent (triclosan), an insect repellent ingredient (N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET)) and antibiotics (ampicillin, colistin and ofloxacin), were selected to assess their short-term toxic effect on enriched nitrifying cultures: Nitrosomonas sp. and Nitrobacter sp. The results showed that triclosan exhibited the greatest inhibition on nitrification with EC50 of 89.1 μg L-1. From the selected antibiotics, colistin significantly affected the overall nitrification with the lowest EC50 of 1 mg L-1, and a more pronounced inhibitory effect on ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) compared to nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB). The EC50 of ampicillin and ofloxacin was 23.7 and 12.7 mg L-1, respectively. Additionally, experimental data suggested that nitrifying bacteria were insensitive to the presence of caffeine. In the case of DEET, moderate inhibition of nitrification (<40%) was observed at 10 mg L-1. These findings contribute to the understanding of the response of nitrifying communities in presence of PPCPs, which play an essential role in biological nitrification in WWTPs. Knowing specific community responses helps develop mitigation measures to improve system resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Lopez
- Centre for Water, Environment, Sustainability & Public Health, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XJ, UK
| | - Mac-Anthony Nnorom
- Centre for Water, Environment, Sustainability & Public Health, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XJ, UK
| | - Yiu Fai Tsang
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, New Territories, 999077, Hong Kong.
| | - Charles W Knapp
- Centre for Water, Environment, Sustainability & Public Health, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XJ, UK.
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3
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Chen X, Wei X, Yang Y, Wang S, Lu Q, Wang Y, Li Q, Wang S. Comparison of nitrogen removal efficiency and microbial characteristics of modified two-stage A/O, A 2/O and SBR processes. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2021; 43:4687-4699. [PMID: 33963963 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-00855-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The low temperature of sewage in north China results in low performance of biological treatment at municipal wastewater treatment plants (MWTPs), especially in biological nitrogen removal. A modified two-stage A/O process with an embedded biofilm was proposed to enhance nitrogen removal. The operation performance of a pilot test was compared with an A2/O and SBR process at existing MWTPs to investigate the resistance to low temperature. The microbial communities for the three processes were compared based on the metagenomics results of 16sDNA high-throughput sequencing from activated sludge. The modified A/O resulted in a higher average removal of COD (90.12%) than A2/O (85.23%) and SBR (83.03%), especially of small-molecule organic compounds (< 500 Da) and macromolecular refractory organics (> 5 k Da); the TN removal rate of A2/O, SBR and the modified A/O was also increased from 74.47%, 70.63% and 78.46%, respectively. High-throughput sequencing revealed increased microbial diversity and an abundance of denitrifying functional bacteria was observed in the modified A/O process at low temperatures. The abundance of nitrite oxidation bacteria (NOB) including Nitrosomonas and Nitrospira, the amount was 1.76% and 2.34% in modified A/O, respectively, whereas NOB only accounted for 1.82% in A2/O and 1.35% in SBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiurong Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for High-Concentration Refractory Organic Wastewater Treatment Technologies (NELHROWTT), State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control On Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiao Wei
- National Engineering Laboratory for High-Concentration Refractory Organic Wastewater Treatment Technologies (NELHROWTT), State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control On Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingying Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for High-Concentration Refractory Organic Wastewater Treatment Technologies (NELHROWTT), State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control On Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for High-Concentration Refractory Organic Wastewater Treatment Technologies (NELHROWTT), State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control On Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Quanlin Lu
- National Engineering Laboratory for High-Concentration Refractory Organic Wastewater Treatment Technologies (NELHROWTT), State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control On Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for High-Concentration Refractory Organic Wastewater Treatment Technologies (NELHROWTT), State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control On Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuyue Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for High-Concentration Refractory Organic Wastewater Treatment Technologies (NELHROWTT), State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control On Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuoyuan Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for High-Concentration Refractory Organic Wastewater Treatment Technologies (NELHROWTT), State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control On Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
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4
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Activated sludge under free ammonia treatment using gel immobilization technology for long-term partial nitrification with different initial biomass. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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5
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Huang S, Zhu Y, Zhang G, Lian J, Liu Z, Zhang L, Tian S. Effects of low-intensity ultrasound on nitrite accumulation and microbial characteristics during partial nitrification. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 705:135985. [PMID: 31841915 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound technology has attracted increasing attention in the field of sewage sludge treatment. This study investigated the nitrite accumulation ratio (NAR) and microbial characteristics of the partial nitrification (PN) process in a sequencing batch reactor employing ultrasonic treatment (ultrasound density = 0.25 W/mL, irradiation time = 10 min). PN was achieved over 73 days with a NAR above 85% under ambient temperatures. A low dissolved oxygen (DO) environment was generated in the reactor by enhancing the oxygen utilization rate of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB). Additionally, the application of long-term ultrasonic treatment led to the enhancement of the dominance of the Nitrosomonas genus of AOB, while populations of the Nitrospira genus of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) were eradicated. At the same time, the activities of the aerobic denitrifying bacteria Thauera, Terrimonas, Defluviimonas, and Thermomonas were enhanced and their relative abundance was increased. Overall, the results suggest that ultrasonic treatment can enhance AOB activity and generate a low DO environment that facilitates effective PN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuchang Huang
- School of Architectural and Surveying & Mapping Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Yichun Zhu
- School of Architectural and Surveying & Mapping Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China.
| | - Guangming Zhang
- School of Energy & Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China.
| | - Junfeng Lian
- School of Architectural and Surveying & Mapping Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Zuwen Liu
- School of Architectural and Surveying & Mapping Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Linan Zhang
- School of Architectural and Surveying & Mapping Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Shuai Tian
- School of Architectural and Surveying & Mapping Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
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Wang S, Yang H, Zhang F, Zhou Y, Wang J, Liu Z, Su Y. Analysis of rapid culture of high-efficiency nitrifying bacteria and immobilized filler application for the treatment of municipal wastewater. RSC Adv 2020; 10:19240-19246. [PMID: 35515475 PMCID: PMC9054103 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra01498b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Activated sludge from the A2/O process in a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) was used as the seed sludge for enrichment to achieve faster growth of nitrifying bacteria and higher nitrification efficiency of the filler made by nitrifying bacteria. The bacterial community was enriched in a self-circulating bacteria culture tank by a continuous ammonia feeding mode. The study found that the nitrifying bacteria community was enriched in 38 days with the ammonia oxidation rate of approximately 275.58 mg (L h)−1. High-throughput sequencing demonstrated that Nitrosomonas belonging to ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) was predominant in the sludge after 38 days at a ratio extending from 0.43% to 61.91%. The enriched sludge was used as the bacterial source and the immobilization was carried out with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). After the recovery culture, the ammonia oxidation rate of the filler was up to 44.61 mg (L h)−1 for the treatment of municipal wastewater, and the effluent ammonia was below 1 mg L−1, indicating that the immobilized filler is effective for municipal wastewater nitrification. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) observations showed that immobilized fillers were highly porous and bacteria adhered to the network structure, demonstrating that the filler provided a good growth microenvironment for microorganisms. This research proposed an improved method to solve the nitrification problem.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaolun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering
- Beijing University of Technology
- Beijing 100124
- China
| | - Hong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering
- Beijing University of Technology
- Beijing 100124
- China
| | - Fan Zhang
- China Wuzhou Engineering Group Corporation Ltd
- China
| | - Yakun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering
- Beijing University of Technology
- Beijing 100124
- China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering
- Beijing University of Technology
- Beijing 100124
- China
| | - Zongyue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering
- Beijing University of Technology
- Beijing 100124
- China
| | - Yang Su
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering
- Beijing University of Technology
- Beijing 100124
- China
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7
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Enrichment of Denitrifying Bacterial Community Using Nitrite as an Electron Acceptor for Nitrogen Removal from Wastewater. WATER 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/w12010048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This work aimed to enrich a denitrifying bacterial community for economical denitrification via nitrite to provide the basic objects for enhancing nitrogen removal from wastewater. A sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with continuous nitrite and acetate feeding was operated by reasonably adjusting the supply rate based on the reaction rate, and at a temperature of 20 ± 2 °C, pH of 7.5 ± 0.2, and dissolved oxygen (DO) of 0 mg/L. The results revealed that the expected nitrite concentration can be achieved during the whole anoxic reaction period. The nitrite denitrification rate of nitrogen removal from synthetic wastewater gradually increased from approximately 10 mg/(L h) to 275.35 mg/(L h) over 12 days (the specific rate increased from 3.83 mg/(g h) to 51.80 mg/(g h)). Correspondingly, the chemical oxygen demand/nitrogen (COD/N) ratio of reaction decreased from 7.9 to 2.7. Both nitrite and nitrate can be used as electron acceptors for denitrification. The mechanism of this operational mode was determined via material balance analysis of substrates in a typical cycle. High-throughput sequencing showed that the main bacterial community was related to denitrification, which accounted for 84.26% in the cultivated sludge, and was significantly higher than the 2.16% in the seed sludge.
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Zhang D, Su H, Antwi P, Xiao L, Liu Z, Li J. High-rate partial-nitritation and efficient nitrifying bacteria enrichment/out-selection via pH-DO controls: Efficiency, kinetics, and microbial community dynamics. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 692:741-755. [PMID: 31539982 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Conventional nitrification/denitrification process is gradually being replaced with partial-nitritation/anammox (PN/A) processes due to its installation and running cost. However, high ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria activity as well as optimum out-selection of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) are necessary to achieving efficient PN/A process. Consequently, to enhance PN process via nitrifying bacteria enrichment/out-selection within psychrophilic environment, a novel pH-DO (dissolved oxygen) control strategy was proposed and the response of PN, kinetics, AOB enrichment, and NOB out-selection efficiency was investigated during start-up and long-term operation. With DO of 0.7 mg/L and pH of 7.5-7.9, quick start-up of the PN process was established within 34d as NO2--N accumulation ratio (NAR) reached 90.08 ± 1.4%. Again, when NLR was elevated to 0.8 kg/m3·d (400mgNH4+-N/L), DO curtailed to 0.2 mg/L, pH maintained at 7.7 and free ammonium at 6.5 mg/L, NAR and NH4+-N removal rate could still reach 97.04 ± 2.4% and 97.84 ± 1.5%, respectively. After optimum control factors had been established, real nitrogen-rich-mine-wastewater was fed (DO, 0.2 mg/L, pH, 8.9, and free ammonia, 6.5 mg/L) and NAR and NH4+-N removal rate reached was 97.33 ± 0.5% and 97.76 ± 1.1%, respectively. Estimated kinetic parameters including maximum degradation rate (Vmax = 1.58/d), half-rate constant (Km = 33.8 mg/L), and inhibition constant (Ki = 201.6 mg/L) suggested that inhibition on NH4+-N oxidation was most feasible at higher concentration of NH4+-N. To elucidate biological mechanisms, 16S rRNA high-throughput revealed that AOB (Nitrosomonas) enrichment had increased from 0.08% to 49% whereas NOB (Nitrospira) abundance reduced from 1% to 0.034%, indicating pH-DO control efficiently enriched AOB and out-selected NOB. Conversely, when influent NH4+-N was curtailed to about 200 mg/L and free ammonia concentration maintained at 6.5 mg/L, the population of AOB was observably reduced by 6% within a period of 14 days, indicating control strategies including pH-DO control and substrate availability were the key factors which substantially influenced and promoted the activities and growth of AOBs in the present SBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dachao Zhang
- Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi province, Ganzhou city 341000, PR China
| | - Hao Su
- Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi province, Ganzhou city 341000, PR China
| | - Philip Antwi
- Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi province, Ganzhou city 341000, PR China.
| | - Longwen Xiao
- Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi province, Ganzhou city 341000, PR China
| | - Zuwen Liu
- Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi province, Ganzhou city 341000, PR China
| | - Jianzheng Li
- Harbin Institute of Technology, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environmental, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, PR China
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9
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Jia W, Chen Y, Zhang J, Li C, Wang Q, Li G, Yang W. Response of greenhouse gas emissions and microbial community dynamics to temperature variation during partial nitrification. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 261:19-27. [PMID: 29653330 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.03.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the greenhouse gas emission characteristics and microbial community dynamics with the variation of temperature during partial nitrification. Low temperature weakened nitrite accumulation, and partial nitrification would shift to complete nitrification easily at 15 °C. Based on CO2 equivalents (CO2-eq), partial nitrification process released 2.7 g of greenhouse gases per gMLSS per cycle, and N2O accounted for more than 98% of the total CO2-eq emission. The total CO2-eq emission amount at 35 °C was 45.6% and 153.4% higher than that at 25 °C and 15 °C, respectively. During partial nitrification, the microbial community diversity greatly declined compared with seed sludge. However, the diversity was enhanced at low temperature. The abundance of Betaproteobacteria at class level increased greatly during partial nitrification. Proteobacteria abundance declined while Nitrospira raised at low temperature. The nosZ community abundance was not affected by temperature, although N2O emission was varied with the operating temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlin Jia
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Yunfan Chen
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Cong Li
- School of Environment and Planning, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Guangchao Li
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Weihua Yang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China.
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10
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Wang Q, Yao R, Yuan Q, Gong H, Xu H, Ali N, Jin Z, Zuo J, Wang K. Aerobic granules cultivated with simultaneous feeding/draw mode and low-strength wastewater: Performance and bacterial community analysis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 261:232-239. [PMID: 29673991 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Sequence batch reactors (SBR) with simultaneous feeding/draw mode and low-strength wastewater were used for the cultivation of aerobic granules, and analysis of bacterial community diversity were conducted. Results revealed that the ratio of chemical oxygen demand/total nitrogen removal amount for R1 with real wastewater and R2 with synthetic wastewater decreased from 9.9 to 8.7 and, 29.9 to 21.1, respectively, when volumetric exchange ratio (VER) decreased from 90% (stage I) to 50% (stage II), indicating that organic matter in real and low-strength wastewater was fully utilized with lower VER by denitrifying bacteria. Relative abundances of the genus Dechloromonas, Pseudomonas, Bacillus in R1, which are responsible for denitrifying phosphorus removal, were much higher than that in R2, accounting for the high efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus removal from real wastewater with low influent C/N ratio of 3.6 on average. These results provide useful information for improving wastewater treatment efficiency in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qibin Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Renda Yao
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Quan Yuan
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Hui Gong
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Heng Xu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Nasir Ali
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Zhengyu Jin
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Jiane Zuo
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Kaijun Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China.
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11
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Chen R, Ren LF, Shao J, He Y, Zhang X. Changes in degrading ability, populations and metabolism of microbes in activated sludge in the treatment of phenol wastewater. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra09225c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
With an increase in phenol concentration, biodegradable soluble microbial by-product-like matter in sludge EPS is gradually replaced by non-biodegradable tryptophan protein-like matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- 200240 Shanghai
- PR China
| | - Long-Fei Ren
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- 200240 Shanghai
- PR China
| | - Jiahui Shao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- 200240 Shanghai
- PR China
| | - Yiliang He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- 200240 Shanghai
- PR China
| | - Xiaofan Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- 200240 Shanghai
- PR China
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