1
|
Mróz M, Kusznierewicz B. Phytochemical screening and biological evaluation of Greek sage (Salvia fruticosa Mill.) extracts. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22309. [PMID: 38102229 PMCID: PMC10724190 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49695-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
This study explores the influence of extraction solvents on the composition and bioactivity of Salvia fruticosa extracts. Ultrasound-assisted extraction with water, ethanol and their mixtures in variable proportions was used to produce four different extracts. An untargeted UPLC/MS‑based metabolomics was performed to discover metabolites profile variation between the extracts. In the analyzed samples, 2704 features had been detected, of which 95 were tentatively identified. The concentrations of the important metabolites, namely, caffeic acid, carnosic acid, carnosol, rosmarinic acid, salvianolic acid B and scutellarin, were determined, using UPLC-PDA methods. Rosmarinic acid was the dominant metabolite and antioxidant in all tested extracts, except the aqueous extract, in which scutellarin was the most abundant compound. The extracts and standards were examined for antioxidant activity and xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity. The most diverse in terms of chemical composition and rich in antioxidant compounds was 70% ethanolic extract and the strongest antioxidant was caffeic acid. All analyzed extracts showed the ability to inhibit XO activity, but the highest value was recorded for 30% ethanolic extract. Among tested standards, the most potent XO inhibitor was caffeic acid. The results suggest that the leaves of Greek sage are a source of natural XO inhibitors and may be an alternative to drugs produced by chemical synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marika Mróz
- Department of Chemistry, Technology and Biotechnology of Food, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12 St., 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Barbara Kusznierewicz
- Department of Chemistry, Technology and Biotechnology of Food, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12 St., 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hu G, Wang L, Li X, Qi J. Rapidly and accurately screening histidine decarboxylase inhibitors from Radix Paeoniae alba using ultrafiltration-high performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry combined with enzyme channel blocking and directional enrichment technique. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1693:463859. [PMID: 36868086 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.463859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Histidine Decarboxylase (HDC), an unique enzyme responsible for the synthesis of histamine, which is an important mediator in allergy. Inhibition of HDC activity to decrease histamine production is one way to alleviate allergic symptoms. Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) with reported anti-allergy effect is one of important source to search for natural HDC inhibitor. Ultrafiltration combined with high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (UF-HPLC/MS) is an effective method for screening HDC inhibitor from TCMs. Nevertheless, false-positive and false-negative results caused by the non-specific binding and the neglection of the trace active compounds are major problems in this method. In this study, an integrated strategy that combined UF-HPLC/MS with enzyme channel blocking (ECB) technique and directional enrichment (DE) technique was developed to seek natural HDC inhibitors from Radix Paeoniae alba (RPA), and at the same time, to reduce false-positive and false-negative results. HDC activity was detected to determine the validity of the screened compounds by RP-HPLC-FD in vitro. Molecular docking was applied to assay the binding affinity and binding sites. As a result, three compounds were screened from low content components of RPA after the DE. Among them, two non-specific compounds were eliminated by ECB, and the specific compound was identified as catechin, which has obvious HDC inhibition activity with IC50 0.52 mM. Furthermore, gallic acid (IC50 1.8 mM) and paeoniflorin (IC50>2 mM) from high content components of RPA were determined having HDC inhibitory activity. In conclusion, the integrated strategy of UF-HPLC/MS combined with ECB and DE technique is an effective mode for rapid and accurate screening and identification of natural HDC inhibitors from TCMs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guizhou Hu
- Research Center for Traceability and Standardization of TCMs, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Lu Wang
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210012, PR China
| | - Xinqi Li
- Research Center for Traceability and Standardization of TCMs, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Jin Qi
- Research Center for Traceability and Standardization of TCMs, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen J, Wang Y, Pan X, Cheng Y, Liu J, Cao X. Study on the interaction mechanism between luteoloside and xanthine oxidase by multi-spectroscopic and molecular docking methods. J Mol Recognit 2022; 35:e2985. [PMID: 35907782 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Gout is an inflammatory joint disease caused by urate crystal deposition, which is associated with hyperuricemia. Gout will take place when the uric acid accumulates. Xanthine oxidase (XO) is a crucial enzyme in the formation of uric acid. Inhibiting XO is one of the means to ameliorate gout. Luteoloside is a kind of natural flavonoid, which has an excellent prospect for relieving gout. But there are few reports on the interaction mechanism between luteoloside and XO currently. In this study, the interaction mechanism between luteoloside and XO was explored using spectroscopy and molecular docking. The fluorescence spectroscopy results indicated that luteoloside could make the intrinsic fluorescence of XO quenched, and the binding constant between luteoloside and XO was (1.85 ± 0.22) × 103 L mol-1 at 298 K. The synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy results showed that the absorption peaks of Tyr and Trp shifted blue, and the hydrophobicity of the microenvironment increased. Moreover, CD spectra showed that α-helix of XO decreased, β-sheet and β-turn increased after adding luteoloside. The results of molecular docking analysis showed that XO could combine with luteoloside through hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic force. The results indicated that luteoloside could remarkably interact with XO. Insights into the interaction mechanism provide a necessary basis for the search for low-toxic natural products as targets of XO. HIGHLIGHTS: Luteoloside and xanthine oxidase was a strong binding mode and had only one binding site. Luteoloside could cause α-helix reduced, β-sheet and β-turn increased, and change the secondary structure of XO. The binding between luteoloside and xanthine oxidase was a spontaneous process. The main binding force was hydrophobic force between luteoloside and xanthine oxidase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junliang Chen
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxiao Wang
- Department of Food Science, College of Light Industry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Pan
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Cheng
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianli Liu
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyu Cao
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhou Q, Li X, Wang X, Shi D, Zhang S, Yin Y, Zhang H, Liu B, Song N, Zhang Y. Vanillic Acid as a Promising Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor: Extraction from Amomum villosum Lour and Biocompatibility Improvement via Extract Nanoemulsion. Foods 2022; 11:foods11070968. [PMID: 35407055 PMCID: PMC8997653 DOI: 10.3390/foods11070968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gout is an oxidative stress-related disease. Food-derived vanillic acid, a promising xanthine oxidase inhibitor, could potentially be used as a safe, supportive, and therapeutic product for gout. The extraction of vanillic acid from a classic Chinese herbal plant Amomum villosum with ethanol was investigated in the study. The optimum conditions were determined as extraction time of 74 min, extraction temperature of 48.36 °C, and a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:35 g·mL−1 using the Box–Behnken design (BBD) of response surface methodology (RSM). The experimental extraction yield of 9.276 mg·g−1 matched with the theoretical value of 9.272 ± 0.011 mg·g−1 predicted by the model. The vanillic acid in Amomum villosum was determined to be 0.5450 mg·g−1 by high-performance liquid chromatography–diode array detection (HPLC–DAD) under the optimum extraction conditions and exhibited xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity, with the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 1.762 mg·mL−1. The nanoemulsion of Amomum villosum extract consists of 49.97% distilled water, 35.09% Smix (mixture of tween 80 and 95% ethanol with 2:1 ratio), and 14.94% n-octanol, with a particle size of 110.3 ± 1.9 nm. The nanoemulsion of Amomum villosum extract exhibited markable XO inhibitory activity, with an inhibition rate of 58.71%. The result demonstrated the potential benefit of Amomum villosum as an important dietary source of xanthine oxidase inhibitors for gout.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Q.Z.); (X.L.); (X.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.Y.); (H.Z.); (B.L.); (N.S.)
- Department of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Q.Z.); (X.L.); (X.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.Y.); (H.Z.); (B.L.); (N.S.)
- Department of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Q.Z.); (X.L.); (X.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.Y.); (H.Z.); (B.L.); (N.S.)
- Department of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Dongdong Shi
- Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
| | - Shengao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Q.Z.); (X.L.); (X.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.Y.); (H.Z.); (B.L.); (N.S.)
- Department of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yuqi Yin
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Q.Z.); (X.L.); (X.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.Y.); (H.Z.); (B.L.); (N.S.)
- Department of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Hanlin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Q.Z.); (X.L.); (X.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.Y.); (H.Z.); (B.L.); (N.S.)
- Department of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Bohao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Q.Z.); (X.L.); (X.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.Y.); (H.Z.); (B.L.); (N.S.)
- Department of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Nannan Song
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Q.Z.); (X.L.); (X.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.Y.); (H.Z.); (B.L.); (N.S.)
- Department of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yinghua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Q.Z.); (X.L.); (X.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.Y.); (H.Z.); (B.L.); (N.S.)
- Department of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhou Q, Yin JY, Liang WY, Chen DM, Yuan Q, Feng BL, Zhang YH, Wang YT. Various machine learning approaches coupled with molecule simulation in the screening of natural compounds with xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity. Food Funct 2021; 12:1580-1589. [PMID: 33470259 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo03059g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Gout is a common inflammatory arthritis associated with various comorbidities, such as cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome. Xanthine oxidase inhibitors (XOIs) have emerged as effective substances to control gout. Much attention has been given to the search for natural XOIs. In this study, a molecular database of natural XOIs was created for modeling purposes. Quantitative structure-activity relationship models were developed by combining various machine learning approaches and three descriptor pools. The models revealed several features of XOIs, including hydrophobicity and steric molecular structures. Experimental results showed the xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity of predicted compounds. Vanillic acid was identified as a promising new XOI candidate, with an IC50 of 0.593 μg mL-1. The functions of hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions in XO activity inhibition were confirmed by molecular docking. This study fills knowledge gaps pertaining to the discovery of natural XOIs and to the interaction mechanisms between XOIs and XO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China. and Department of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Jia-Yi Yin
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China. and Department of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Wei-Yue Liang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China. and Department of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Dong-Mei Chen
- Department of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Qing Yuan
- Department of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Bao-Long Feng
- Center for Education Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Ying-Hua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China. and Department of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Yu-Tang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China. and Department of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen L, Luo Z, Wang M, Cheng J, Li F, Lu H, He Q, You Y, Zhou X, Kwan HY, Zhao X, Zhou L. The Efficacy and Mechanism of Chinese Herbal Medicines in Lowering Serum Uric Acid Levels: A Systematic Review. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:578318. [PMID: 33568990 PMCID: PMC7868570 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.578318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Chinese herbal medicines are widely used to lower serum uric acid levels. However, no systemic review summarizes and evaluates their efficacies and the underlying mechanisms of action. Objectives. To evaluate the clinical and experimental evidences for the effectiveness and the potential mechanism of Chinese herbal medicines in lowering serum uric acid levels. Methods. Four electronic databases PubMed, Wed of Science, the Cochrane Library and Embase were used to search for Chinese herbal medicines for their effects in lowering serum uric acid levels, dated from 1 January 2009 to 19 August 2020. For clinical trials, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included; and for experimental studies, original articles were included. The methodological quality of RCTs was assessed according to the Cochrane criteria. For clinical trials, a meta-analysis of continuous variables was used to obtain pooled effects. For experimental studies, lists were used to summarize and integrate the mechanisms involved. Results. A total of 10 clinical trials and 184 experimental studies were included. Current data showed that Chinese herbal medicines have promising clinical efficacies in patients with elevated serum uric acid levels (SMD: −1.65, 95% CI: −3.09 to −0.22; p = 0.024). There was no significant difference in serum uric acid levels between Chinese herbal medicine treatments and Western medicine treatments (SMD: −0.13, 95% CI: −0.99 to 0.74; p = 0.772). Experimental studies revealed that the mechanistic signaling pathways involved in the serum uric acid lowering effects include uric acid synthesis, uric acid transport, inflammation, renal fibrosis and oxidative stress. Conclusions. The clinical studies indicate that Chinese herbal medicines lower serum uric acid levels. Further studies with sophisticated research design can further demonstrate the efficacy and safety of these Chinese herbal medicines in lowering serum uric acid levels and reveal a comprehensive picture of the underlying mechanisms of action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liqian Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Syndrome Laboratory of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhengmao Luo
- Department of Nephrology, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command, PLA, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingru Cheng
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Hanqi Lu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Syndrome Laboratory of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiuxing He
- Syndrome Laboratory of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanting You
- Syndrome Laboratory of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinghong Zhou
- Syndrome Laboratory of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hiu Yee Kwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaoshan Zhao
- Syndrome Laboratory of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Endocrinology Department, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhao J, Huang L, Sun C, Zhao D, Tang H. Studies on the structure-activity relationship and interaction mechanism of flavonoids and xanthine oxidase through enzyme kinetics, spectroscopy methods and molecular simulations. Food Chem 2020; 323:126807. [PMID: 32330646 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In this study, some flavonoids were screened as potent xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitors in vitro. Flavonoid 9 was demonstrated to exhibit the inhibitory activity through a ping-pong mechanism. Further structure-activity relationship revealed that different structural elements had greatly influenced the inhibition effect on XO and underlined the requirement of hydroxyl groups at C5 and C4' of flavonoid type I. Moreover, some bioactive flavonoids could efficiently quench the intrinsic fluorescence of XO by either static or static-dynamic mixed mechanism. The synchronous fluorescence, ANS-binding fluorescence, Fourier transform infrared spectra and circular dichroism suggested that active flavonoids could bind to the active center of XO, prevent the entrance of substrate, and induce the rearrangement and conformation change of its secondary structures, ultimately resulting in the significant inhibition effect. Additionally, molecular docking further confirmed these conclusions and highlighted the great importance of hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonds for the formation of stable complex conformation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhao
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, PR China
| | - Lin Huang
- Blood Purification Center, Affiliated Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, PR China
| | - Chunyong Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China
| | - Dongsheng Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China.
| | - Hongjin Tang
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
From Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition to In Vivo Hypouricemic Effect: An Integrated Overview of In Vitro and In Vivo Studies with Focus on Natural Molecules and Analogues. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:9531725. [PMID: 32184901 PMCID: PMC7060854 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9531725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Hyperuricemia is characterized by elevated uric acid (UA) levels on blood, which can lead to gout, a common pathology. These high UA levels are associated with increased purine ingestion and metabolization and/or its decreased excretion. In this field, xanthine oxidase (XO), by converting hypoxanthine and xanthine to UA, plays an important role in hyperuricemia control. Based on limitations and adverse effects associated with the use of allopurinol and febuxostat, the most known approved drugs with XO inhibitory effect, the search for new molecules with XO activity is growing. However, despite the high number of studies, it was found that the majority of tested products with relevant XO inhibition were left out, and no further pharmacological evaluation was performed. Thus, in the present review, available information published in the past six years concerning isolated molecules with in vitro XO inhibition complemented with cytotoxicity evaluation as well as other relevant studies, including in vivo hypouricemic effect, and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic profile was compiled. Interestingly, the analysis of data collected demonstrated that molecules from natural sources or their mimetics and semisynthetic derivatives constitute the majority of compounds being explored at the moment by means of in vitro and in vivo animal studies. Therefore, several of these molecules can be useful as lead compounds and some of them can even have the potential to be considered in the future clinical candidates for the treatment of hyperuricemia.
Collapse
|
9
|
Prabu DSD, Lakshmanan S, Thirumurugan K, Ramalakshmi N, Antony SA. Synthesis, Molecular Docking, DFT Study of Novel N-Benzyl-2-(3-cyano-4-isobutoxyphenyl)-
4-methylthiazole-5-carboxamide Derivatives and their Antibacterial Activity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.14233/ajchem.2020.22390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A series of febuxostat based new chemical entities was synthesized using microwave method and characterized by NMR, mass and FT-IR spectral studies. Molecular docking of febuxostat amide nucleus substitution compounds 8c (-7.91kcal/mol), 8g (-7.94 kcal/mol) exhibiting high binding energy against ALK receptors. Theoretical investigation of MEPs, HOMO, LUMO and energy gap of HOMO-LUMO were calculated by B3LYP/6-31G method. Among the tested compounds, methoxy substituted compound 8g showed highest antibacterial activity against S. aereus and B. subtilis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - K. Thirumurugan
- Department of Chemistry, Presidency College, Chennai-600005, India
| | - N. Ramalakshmi
- Department of Chemistry, Presidency College, Chennai-600005, India
| | - S. Arul Antony
- Department of Chemistry, Presidency College, Chennai-600005, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhao F, Li W, Pan J, Chen Z, Qu H. A novel critical control point and chemical marker identification method for the multi-step process control of herbal medicines via NMR spectroscopy and chemometrics. RSC Adv 2020; 10:23801-23812. [PMID: 35517368 PMCID: PMC9054755 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra03172k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Herbal medicines have played a vital role in maintaining the health of the world population in the past thousands of years, and have proved to be an effective therapy. It is important to improve our understanding of the effects of the multi-step processing in herbal medicines on the chemical changes to ensure product quality. A proton nuclear paramagnetic resonance (1H NMR)-based evaluation strategy was developed for an efficient process variation exploration and diversified metabolite identification. In this study, 48 process intermediates from 6 commercial batches of the multi-step manufacturing chain of Danshen processing were obtained. Hierarchical classification analysis (HCA) tree based on 1H NMR spectra clustered the samples according to the processing steps, which indicates that 1H NMR has the potential capability for critical control point identification based on its adequate information of the organic compounds. Then, principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were applied to distinguish the major metabolite differences between the intermediates before and after the critical control point. In this case, the alkali-isolation and acid-dissolution method was recognized as the most critical process in the multi-step chain of Danshen extract manufacturing. Potential metabolites with the larger amplitude of variation and contributing the most to the discrimination were found to be potential quality markers by S-plot, including several previously undetected amino acids. The results in this study are consistent with previous research studies and reference experiments conducted with other analytical tools. Taken together, they prove that 1H NMR with chemometrics is a very effective process quality control tool to provide comprehensive information on the chemical changes during the processing of herbal medicines, and help with the identification of critical control points and potential critical quality markers. NMR and chemometric-based critical control point and chemical marker identification for the multi-step process control of herbal medicines.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zhao
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- PR China
| | - Wenzhu Li
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- PR China
| | - Jianyang Pan
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- PR China
| | - Zeqi Chen
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- PR China
| | - Haibin Qu
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- PR China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang T, Zhong S, Wang Y, Dong S, Guan T, Hou L, Xing X, Zhang J, Li T. In vitro and in silico perspectives on estrogenicity of tanshinones from Salvia miltiorrhiza. Food Chem 2018; 270:281-286. [PMID: 30174047 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.07.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Revised: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This work aims to investigate the structure-activity relationship for binding and activation of human estrogen receptor α ligand binding domain (hERα-LBD) with tanshinones by a combination of in vitro and in silico approaches. The recombinant hERα-LBD was expressed in E. coli strain. The direct binding interactions of tanshinones with hERα-LBD and their ERα agonistic potency were investigated by fluorescence polarization (FP) and reporter gene assays, respectively. FP assay suggested that the tested tanshinones can bind to hERα-LBD as affinity ligands. Tanshinones acted as agonists of hERα as demonstrated by transactivation of estrogen response element (ERE) in transiently transfected MCF-7 cells and by molecular docking of these compounds into the hydrophobic binding pocket of hERα-LBD. Interestingly, comparison of the calculated binding energies versus Connolly solvent-excluded volume and experimental binding affinities showed a good correlation. This work may provide insight into chemical and pharmacological characterization of novel bioactive compounds from Salvia miltiorrhiza.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiehua Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Shuning Zhong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yongjun Wang
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Shuyue Dong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Tianzhu Guan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Ligang Hou
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
| | - XiaoJia Xing
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Tiezhu Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Tang HJ, Li W, Zhou M, Peng LY, Wang JX, Li JH, Chen J. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel xanthine oxidase inhibitors bearing a 2-arylbenzo[b]furan scaffold. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 151:849-860. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.01.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
|
13
|
Li G, Yu F, Wang Y, Yao L, Qiu Z, Wang T, Wang Z, Yang F, Peng D, Yu N, Chen W. Comparison of the chromatographic fingerprint, multicomponent quantitation and antioxidant activity of Salvia miltiorrhiza
Bge. between sweating and nonsweating. Biomed Chromatogr 2018; 32:e4203. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guozhuan Li
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Hefei China
| | - Fan Yu
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Hefei China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Hefei China
| | - Liang Yao
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Hefei China
| | - Zhen Qiu
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Hefei China
| | - Ting Wang
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Hefei China
| | | | - Fanglin Yang
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Hefei China
| | - Daiyin Peng
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Hefei China
| | - Nianjun Yu
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Hefei China
| | - Weidong Chen
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Hefei China
| |
Collapse
|