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Iannone MN, Valtorta S, Stucchi S, Altomonte S, Turolla EA, Vino E, Rainone P, Zecca V, Lo Dico A, Maspero M, Figini M, Bellone M, Ciceri S, Colombo D, Chinello C, Pagani L, Moresco RM, Todde S, Ferraboschi P. Automated radiosynthesis and preclinical evaluation of two new PSMA-617 derivatives radiolabelled via [ 18F]AlF 2+ method. EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem 2024; 9:50. [PMID: 38904859 PMCID: PMC11192711 DOI: 10.1186/s41181-024-00280-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the last decade the development of new PSMA-ligand based radiopharmaceuticals for the imaging and therapy of prostate cancer has been a highly active and important area of research. The most promising derivative in terms of interaction with the antigen and clinical properties has been found to be "PSMA-617", and its lutetium-177 radiolabelled version has recently been approved by EU and USA regulatory agencies for therapeutic purposes. For the above reasons, the development of new derivatives of PSMA-617 radiolabelled with fluorine-18 may still be of great interest. This paper proposes the comparison of two different PSMA-617 derivatives functionalized with NODA and RESCA chelators, respectively, radiolabelled via [18F]AlF2+ complexation. RESULTS The organic synthesis of two PSMA-617 derivatives and their radiolabelling via [18F]AlF2+ complexation resulted to proceed efficiently and successfully. Moreover, stability in solution and in plasma has been evaluated. The whole radiosynthesis procedure has been fully automated, and the final products have been obtained with radiochemical yield and purity potentially suitable for clinical studies. The biodistribution of the two derivatives was performed both in prostate cancer and glioma tumour models. Compared with the reference [18F]F-PSMA-1007 and [18F]F-PSMA-617-RESCA, [18F]F-PSMA-617-NODA derivative showed a higher uptake in both tumors, faster clearance in non-target organs, and lower uptake in salivary glands. CONCLUSION PSMA-617 NODA and RESCA derivatives were radiolabelled successfully via [18F]AlF2+ chelation, the former being more stable in solution and human plasma. Moreover, preclinical biodistribution studies showed that [18F]F-PSMA-617-NODA might be of potential interest for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Silvia Valtorta
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM), National Research Council (CNR), Segrate, Italy
- NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo, Italy
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Stucchi
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Stefano Altomonte
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Elia Anna Turolla
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Elisa Vino
- Tecnomed Foundation, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Paolo Rainone
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM), National Research Council (CNR), Segrate, Italy
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Zecca
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM), National Research Council (CNR), Segrate, Italy
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessia Lo Dico
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM), National Research Council (CNR), Segrate, Italy
- NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo, Italy
| | - Marco Maspero
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM), National Research Council (CNR), Segrate, Italy
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Mariangela Figini
- ANP2, Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Fondazione IRCCS, Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Bellone
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Samuele Ciceri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Diego Colombo
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Clizia Chinello
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Lisa Pagani
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Rosa Maria Moresco
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM), National Research Council (CNR), Segrate, Italy
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Sergio Todde
- Tecnomed Foundation, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM), National Research Council (CNR), Segrate, Italy
| | - Patrizia Ferraboschi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
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2
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Da Pieve C, Kramer-Marek G. Radiolabeled Affibody Molecules for PET Imaging. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2729:159-182. [PMID: 38006496 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3499-8_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Owing to their ease of engineering and production, chemical stability, size, and high target affinity and specificity, radiolabeled affibody molecules have been recognized as very promising molecular imaging probes in both preclinical and clinical settings. Herein we describe the methods for the preparation of affibody-chelator conjugates and their subsequent radiolabeling with 18F-AlF, 68Ga, 89Zr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Da Pieve
- Preclinical Molecular Imaging, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Gabriela Kramer-Marek
- Preclinical Molecular Imaging, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
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3
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Radiochemistry with {Al18F}2+: Current status and optimization perspectives for efficient radiofluorination by complexation. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2023.215028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Barnes C, Nair M, Aboagye EO, Archibald SJ, Allott L. A practical guide to automating fluorine-18 PET radiochemistry using commercially available cassette-based platforms. REACT CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2re00219a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This Tutorial Account aims to be a useful educational resource which describes how to automate fluorine-18 positron emission tomography (PET) radiochemistry using cassette-based automated radiosynthesis platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Barnes
- Comprehensive Cancer Imaging Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Manoj Nair
- GE Healthcare, GEMS PET Systems, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Eric O. Aboagye
- Comprehensive Cancer Imaging Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Stephen J. Archibald
- Positron Emission Tomography Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Kingston upon Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Kingston upon Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
- Hull University Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, Castle Hill Hospital, Castle Road, Cottingham, HU16 5JQ, UK
| | - Louis Allott
- Positron Emission Tomography Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Kingston upon Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Kingston upon Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
- Hull University Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, Castle Hill Hospital, Castle Road, Cottingham, HU16 5JQ, UK
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5
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Naletova I, Greco V, Sciuto S, Attanasio F, Rizzarelli E. Ionophore Ability of Carnosine and Its Trehalose Conjugate Assists Copper Signal in Triggering Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Activation In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:13504. [PMID: 34948299 PMCID: PMC8706131 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
l-carnosine (β-alanyl-l-histidine) (Car hereafter) is a natural dipeptide widely distributed in mammalian tissues and reaching high concentrations (0.7-2.0 mM) in the brain. The molecular features of the dipeptide underlie the antioxidant, anti-aggregating and metal chelating ability showed in a large number of physiological effects, while the biological mechanisms involved in the protective role found against several diseases cannot be explained on the basis of the above-mentioned properties alone, requiring further research efforts. It has been reported that l-carnosine increases the secretion and expression of various neurotrophic factors and affects copper homeostasis in nervous cells inducing Cu cellular uptake in keeping with the key metal-sensing system. Having in mind this l-carnosine ability, here we report the copper-binding and ionophore ability of l-carnosine to activate tyrosine kinase cascade pathways in PC12 cells and stimulate the expression of BDNF. Furthermore, the study was extended to verify the ability of the dipeptide to favor copper signaling inducing the expression of VEGF. Being aware that the potential protective action of l-carnosine is drastically hampered by its hydrolysis, we also report on the behavior of a conjugate of l-carnosine with trehalose that blocks the carnosinase degradative activity. Overall, our findings describe a copper tuning effect on the ability of l-carnosine and, particularly its conjugate, to activate tyrosine kinase cascade pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Naletova
- Institute of Crystallography, National Council of Research—CNR, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy;
- National Inter-University Consortium Metals Chemistry in Biological Systems (CIRCMSB), Via Celso Ulpiani 27, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Valentina Greco
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (V.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Sebastiano Sciuto
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (V.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Francesco Attanasio
- Institute of Crystallography, National Council of Research—CNR, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy;
| | - Enrico Rizzarelli
- Institute of Crystallography, National Council of Research—CNR, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy;
- National Inter-University Consortium Metals Chemistry in Biological Systems (CIRCMSB), Via Celso Ulpiani 27, 70126 Bari, Italy
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (V.G.); (S.S.)
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Teh JH, Braga M, Allott L, Barnes C, Hernández-Gil J, Tang MX, Aboagye EO, Long NJ. A kit-based aluminium-[ 18F]fluoride approach to radiolabelled microbubbles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:11677-11680. [PMID: 34672307 PMCID: PMC8567295 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04790f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The production of 18F-labelled microbubbles (MBs) via the aluminium-[18F]fluoride ([18F]AlF) radiolabelling method and facile inverse-electron-demand Diels-Alder (IEDDA) 'click' chemistry is reported. An [18F]AlF-NODA-labelled tetrazine was synthesised in excellent radiochemical yield (>95% RCY) and efficiently conjugated to a trans-cyclooctene (TCO) functionalised phospholipid (40-50% RCY), which was incorporated into MBs (40-50% RCY). To demonstrate the potential of producing 18F-labelled MBs for clinical studies, we also describe a kit-based approach which is amenable for use in a hospital radiopharmacy setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Hui Teh
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, UK.
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Imperial College London, UK.
| | - Marta Braga
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Imperial College London, UK.
| | - Louis Allott
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Imperial College London, UK.
- Positron Emission Tomography Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, UK
| | - Chris Barnes
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Imperial College London, UK.
| | - Javier Hernández-Gil
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, UK.
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Imperial College London, UK.
| | - Meng-Xing Tang
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Eric O Aboagye
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Imperial College London, UK.
| | - Nicholas J Long
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, UK.
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Archibald SJ, Allott L. The aluminium-[ 18F]fluoride revolution: simple radiochemistry with a big impact for radiolabelled biomolecules. EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem 2021; 6:30. [PMID: 34436693 PMCID: PMC8390636 DOI: 10.1186/s41181-021-00141-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The aluminium-[18F]fluoride ([18F]AlF) radiolabelling method combines the favourable decay characteristics of fluorine-18 with the convenience and familiarity of metal-based radiochemistry and has been used to parallel gallium-68 radiopharmaceutical developments. As such, the [18F]AlF method is popular and widely implemented in the development of radiopharmaceuticals for the clinic. In this review, we capture the current status of [18F]AlF-based technology and reflect upon its impact on nuclear medicine, as well as offering our perspective on what the future holds for this unique radiolabelling method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Archibald
- Positron Emission Tomography Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Kingston upon Hull, HU6 7RX, UK.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Kingston upon Hull, HU6 7RX, UK.,Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Castle Hill Hospital, Castle Road, Cottingham, HU16 5JQ, UK
| | - Louis Allott
- Positron Emission Tomography Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Kingston upon Hull, HU6 7RX, UK. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Kingston upon Hull, HU6 7RX, UK. .,Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Castle Hill Hospital, Castle Road, Cottingham, HU16 5JQ, UK.
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8
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Naka S, Watabe T, Lindner T, Cardinale J, Kurimoto K, Moore M, Tatsumi M, Mori Y, Shimosegawa E, Valla F, Kato H, Giesel FL. One-pot and one-step automated radio-synthesis of [ 18F]AlF-FAPI-74 using a multi purpose synthesizer: a proof-of-concept experiment. EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem 2021; 6:28. [PMID: 34420105 PMCID: PMC8380200 DOI: 10.1186/s41181-021-00142-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is overexpressed in the stroma of many types of cancer. [18F]AlF-FAPI-74 is a positron emission tomography tracer with high selectivity for FAP, which has already shown high accumulation within human tumors in clinical studies. However, [18F]AlF-FAPI-74 radiosynthesis has not been optimized using an automated synthesizer. Herein, we report a one-pot and one-step automated radiosynthesis method using a multi purpose synthesizer. RESULTS Radiosynthesis of [18F]AlF-FAPI-74 was performed using a cassette-type multi purpose synthesizer CFN-MPS200. After the recovery rate of trapped [18F]fluoride onto the anion-exchange cartridge using a small amount of eluent was investigated manually, a dedicated [18F]AlF-FAPI-74 synthesis cassette and synthesis program for one-pot and one-step fluorination was developed. The solutions for the formulation of [18F]AlF-FAPI-74 synthesized using this were evaluated to obtain stable radiochemical purity. The recovery rate of [18F]fluoride with only 300 µL of eluent ranged 90 ± 9% by introduction from the male side and elution from the female side of the cartridge. In automated synthesis, the eluted [18F]fluoride and precursor solution containing aluminum chloride were mixed; then, fluorination was performed in a one-pot and one-step process at room temperature for 5 min, followed by 15 min at 95 °C. As a result, the radioactivity of [18F]AlF-FAPI-74 was 11.3 ± 1.1 GBq at the end of synthesis from 32 to 40 GBq of [18F]fluoride, and its radiochemical yield was 37 ± 4% (n = 10). The radiochemical purity at the end of the synthesis was ≥ 97% for all formulation solutions. When the diluent was saline, the radiochemical purity markedly decreased after 4 h of synthesis. In contrast, with phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.4) or 10 mM phosphate-buffered saline (pH 6.7) containing 100 mg of sodium ascorbate, the radiochemical purity was stable at 97%. Non-radioactive AlF-FAPI-74 and total impurities, including non-radioactive AlF-FAPI-74, were 0.3 ± 0.1 µg/mL and 2.8 ± 0.6 µg/mL. Ethanol concentration and residual DMSO were 5.5 ± 0.2% and 21 ± 6 ppm, respectively. CONCLUSIONS We established a one-pot one-step automated synthesis method using a CFN-MPS200 synthesizer that provided high radioactivity and stable radiochemical purity for possible clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadahiro Naka
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Tracer Kinetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan. .,Department of Radiology, Osaka University Hospital, 2-15 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Tadashi Watabe
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Tracer Kinetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Thomas Lindner
- Department for Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, INF 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jens Cardinale
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kenta Kurimoto
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Tracer Kinetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Melissa Moore
- SOFIE, 21000 Atlantic Boulevard Suite 730, Dulles, VA, 20166, USA
| | - Mitsuaki Tatsumi
- Department of Radiology, Osaka University Hospital, 2-15 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuriko Mori
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Eku Shimosegawa
- Department of Molecular Imaging in Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Frank Valla
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hiroki Kato
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Tracer Kinetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Frederik L Giesel
- Department for Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, INF 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Institute for Radiation Sciences, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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9
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Dahl K, Jussing E, Bylund L, Moein MM, Samén E, Tran T. Fully automated production of the fibroblast activation protein radiotracer [ 18 F]FAPI-74. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2021; 64:346-352. [PMID: 34050679 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We report herein an efficient and fully automated protocol for the radiosynthesis of [18 F]FAPI-74, a new positron emission tomography (PET) radiopharmaceutical for in vivo detection of the fibroblast activation protein. [18 F]FAPI-74 was synthesized via a rapid [18 F]aluminum fluoride coordination reaction, which was first developed on the flexible GE TRACERLab FX2N (FXN) platform and later translated to the cassette-based module Trasis AllInOne (AIO). The results obtained with both modules were comparable in terms of yield and reproducibility. Automation of [18 F]FAPI-74 radiosynthesis on the FXN was carried out in 35 min with a radiochemical yield (RCY) of 18.5 ± 2.5% (n = 5, relative to starting [18 F]fluoride). Method transfer to the AIO platform following minor optimizations allowed for the production of [18 F]FAPI-74 in an isolated RCY of 20 ± 2.5% [n = 3] with an overall synthesis time of 40 min. The radiochemical purity was greater than 95% for [18 F]FAPI-74, obtained from both modules. Overall, the protocol reliably provides a sterile and pyrogen-free good manufacturing practice (GMP) compliant product of [18 F]FAPI-74 suitable for clinical PET imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Dahl
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Kaolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emma Jussing
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Kaolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lovisa Bylund
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Kaolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Moein
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Kaolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erik Samén
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Kaolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thuy Tran
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Kaolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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10
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Hassan H, Othman MF, Abdul Razak HR. Optimal 18F-fluorination conditions for the high radiochemical yield of [ 18F]AlF-NOTA-NHS complexes. RADIOCHIM ACTA 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/ract-2021-1024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
18F-fluorination using aluminum-fluoride ([18F]AlF) chelate technique has been reported to give a low-to-moderate radiochemical yield, between 5 and 20%. Therefore, the work described here outlines the optimum 18F-fluorination condition for the formation of [18F]AlF2+ and [18F]AlF-NOTA-NHS complex with the radiochemical yield (RCY) and purity (RCP) of more than 90% as a prerequisite step before proceeding with the radiopharmaceutical preparation using the [18F]AlF-bifunctional chelator technique. As well as being simple, the suggested method is practical and relevant for beginners interested in 18F-fluorination with [18F]AlF-chelate complex technique or also for a researcher who aims to proceed on an extensive scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hishar Hassan
- Centre for Diagnostic Nuclear Imaging , Universiti Putra Malaysia , 43400 UPM Serdang , Selangor , Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Faiz Othman
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy , Universiti Teknologi MARA , 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam , Selangor , Malaysia
| | - Hairil Rashmizal Abdul Razak
- Centre for Diagnostic Nuclear Imaging , Universiti Putra Malaysia , 43400 UPM Serdang , Selangor , Malaysia
- Department of Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences , Universiti Putra Malaysia , 43400 UPM Serdang , Selangor , Malaysia
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11
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Allott L, Amgheib A, Barnes C, Braga M, Brickute D, Wang N, Fu R, Ghaem-Maghami S, Aboagye EO. Radiolabelling an 18F biologic via facile IEDDA "click" chemistry on the GE FASTLab™ platform. REACT CHEM ENG 2021; 6:1070-1078. [PMID: 34123410 PMCID: PMC8167423 DOI: 10.1039/d1re00117e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The use of biologics in positron emission tomography (PET) imaging is an important area of radiopharmaceutical development and new automated methods are required to facilitate their production. We report an automated radiosynthesis method to produce a radiolabelled biologic via facile inverse electron demand Diels-Alder (IEDDA) "click" chemistry on a single GE FASTLab™ cassette. We exemplified the method by producing a fluorine-18 radiolabelled interleukin-2 (IL2) radioconjugate from a trans-cyclooctene (TCO) modified IL2 precursor. The radioconjugate was produced using a fully automated radiosynthesis on a single FASTLab™ cassette in a decay-corrected radiochemical yield (RCY, d.c.) of 19.8 ± 2.6% in 110 min (from start of synthesis); the molar activity was 132.3 ± 14.6 GBq μmol-1. The in vitro uptake of [18F]TTCO-IL2 correlated with the differential receptor expression (CD25, CD122, CD132) in PC3, NK-92 and activated human PBMCs. The automated method may be adapted for the radiosynthesis of any TCO-modified protein via IEDDA chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Allott
- Comprehensive Cancer Imaging Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Du Cane Road London W12 0NN UK
- Positron Emission Tomography Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull Cottingham Road Kingston upon Hull HU6 7RX UK
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull Cottingham Road Kingston upon Hull HU6 7RX UK
| | - Ala Amgheib
- Comprehensive Cancer Imaging Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Du Cane Road London W12 0NN UK
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Du Cane Road London W12 0NN UK
| | - Chris Barnes
- Comprehensive Cancer Imaging Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Du Cane Road London W12 0NN UK
| | - Marta Braga
- Comprehensive Cancer Imaging Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Du Cane Road London W12 0NN UK
| | - Diana Brickute
- Comprehensive Cancer Imaging Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Du Cane Road London W12 0NN UK
| | - Ning Wang
- Comprehensive Cancer Imaging Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Du Cane Road London W12 0NN UK
| | - Ruisi Fu
- Comprehensive Cancer Imaging Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Du Cane Road London W12 0NN UK
| | - Sadaf Ghaem-Maghami
- Comprehensive Cancer Imaging Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Du Cane Road London W12 0NN UK
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Du Cane Road London W12 0NN UK
| | - Eric O Aboagye
- Comprehensive Cancer Imaging Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Du Cane Road London W12 0NN UK
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12
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Methods to radiolabel somatostatin analogs with [18F]fluoride: current status, challenges, and progress in clinical applications. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-020-07437-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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13
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Allott L, Aboagye EO. Chemistry Considerations for the Clinical Translation of Oncology PET Radiopharmaceuticals. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:2245-2259. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Louis Allott
- Comprehensive Cancer Imaging Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Eric O. Aboagye
- Comprehensive Cancer Imaging Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
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14
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Allott L, Dubash S, Aboagye EO. [ 18F]FET-βAG-TOCA: The Design, Evaluation and Clinical Translation of a Fluorinated Octreotide. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12040865. [PMID: 32252406 PMCID: PMC7226534 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12040865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The success of Lutathera™ ([177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE) in the NETTER-1 clinical trial as a peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) for somatostatin receptor expressing (SSTR) neuroendocrine tumours (NET) is likely to increase the demand for patient stratification by positron emission tomography (PET). The current gold standard of gallium-68 radiolabelled somatostatin analogues (e.g., [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TATE) works effectively, but access is constrained by the limited availability and scalability of gallium-68 radiopharmaceutical production. The aim of this review is three-fold: firstly, we discuss the peptide library design, biological evaluation and clinical translation of [18F]fluoroethyltriazole-βAG-TOCA ([18F]FET-βAG-TOCA), our fluorine-18 radiolabelled octreotide; secondly, to exemplify the potential of the 2-[18F]fluoroethylazide prosthetic group and copper-catalysed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) chemistry in accessing good manufacturing practice (GMP) compatible radiopharmaceuticals; thirdly, we aim to illustrate a framework for the translation of similarly radiolabelled peptides, in which in vivo pharmacokinetics drives candidate selection, supported by robust radiochemistry methodology and a route to GMP production. It is hoped that this review will continue to inspire the development and translation of fluorine-18 radiolabelled peptides into clinical studies for the benefit of patients.
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Tshibangu T, Cawthorne C, Serdons K, Pauwels E, Gsell W, Bormans G, Deroose CM, Cleeren F. Automated GMP compliant production of [ 18F]AlF-NOTA-octreotide. EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem 2020; 5:4. [PMID: 31997090 PMCID: PMC6989705 DOI: 10.1186/s41181-019-0084-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gallium-68 labeled synthetic somatostatin analogs for PET/CT imaging are the current gold standard for somatostatin receptor imaging in neuroendocrine tumor patients. Despite good imaging properties, their use in clinical practice is hampered by the low production levels of 68Ga eluted from a 68Ge/68Ga generator. In contrast, 18F-tracers can be produced in large quantities allowing centralized production and distribution to distant PET centers. [18F]AlF-NOTA-octreotide is a promising tracer that combines a straightforward Al18F-based production procedure with excellent in vivo pharmacokinetics and specific tumor uptake, demonstrated in SSTR2 positive tumor mice. However, advancing towards clinical studies with [18F]AlF-NOTA-octreotide requires the development of an efficient automated GMP production process and additional preclinical studies are necessary to further evaluate the in vivo properties of [18F]AlF-NOTA-octreotide. In this study, we present the automated GMP production of [18F]AlF-NOTA-octreotide on the Trasis AllinOne® radio-synthesizer platform and quality control of the drug product in accordance with GMP. Further, radiometabolite studies were performed and the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of [18F]AlF-NOTA-octreotide were assessed in healthy rats using μPET/MR. RESULTS The production process of [18F]AlF-NOTA-octreotide has been validated by three validation production runs and the tracer was obtained with a final batch activity of 10.8 ± 1.3 GBq at end of synthesis with a radiochemical yield of 26.1 ± 3.6% (dc), high radiochemical purity and stability (96.3 ± 0.2% up to 6 h post synthesis) and an apparent molar activity of 160.5 ± 75.3 GBq/μmol. The total synthesis time was 40 ± 3 min. Further, the quality control was successfully implemented using validated analytical procedures. Finally, [18F]AlF-NOTA-octreotide showed high in vivo stability and favorable pharmacokinetics with high and specific accumulation in SSTR2-expressing organs in rats. CONCLUSION This robust and automated production process provides high batch activity of [18F]AlF-NOTA-octreotide allowing centralized production and shipment of the compound to remote PET centers. Further, the production process and quality control developed for [18F]AlF-NOTA-octreotide is easily implementable in a clinical setting and the tracer is a potential clinical alternative for somatostatin directed 68Ga labeled peptides obviating the need for a 68Ge/68Ga-generator. Finally, the favorable in vivo properties of [18F]AlF-NOTA-octreotide in rats, with high and specific accumulation in SSTR2 expressing organs, supports clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Térence Tshibangu
- Radiopharmaceutical Research, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 Box 821, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christopher Cawthorne
- Nuclear Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Biomedical MRI/MoSAIC, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Biomedical Sciences Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kim Serdons
- Nuclear Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Elin Pauwels
- Nuclear Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Willy Gsell
- Biomedical MRI/MoSAIC, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Biomedical Sciences Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Guy Bormans
- Radiopharmaceutical Research, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 Box 821, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christophe M. Deroose
- Nuclear Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frederik Cleeren
- Radiopharmaceutical Research, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 Box 821, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Liu Z, Yu L, Cheng K, Feng Y, Qiu P, Gai Y, Zhou M. Optimization, automation and validation of the large-scale radiosynthesis of Al 18F tracers in a custom-made automatic platform for high yield. REACT CHEM ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0re00144a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A custom-made automatic platform was designed and developed for large scale Al18F tracer synthesis with high yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguo Liu
- Department of PET/CT Center
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute
- Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences
- Jinan
- China
| | - Lun Yu
- Department of PET-CT Center
- Chenzhou No. 1 People's Hospital
- Chenzhou 423000
- China
| | - Kai Cheng
- Department of PET/CT Center
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute
- Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences
- Jinan
- China
| | - Yabo Feng
- Department of PET-CT Center
- Chenzhou No. 1 People's Hospital
- Chenzhou 423000
- China
| | - Pengfei Qiu
- Breast Cancer Center
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute
- Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences
- Jinan 250117
- China
| | - Yongkang Gai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine
- Union Hospital
- Tongji Medical College
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging
| | - Ming Zhou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine
- Xiangya Hospital
- Central South University
- Changsha 410008
- China
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Fersing C, Bouhlel A, Cantelli C, Garrigue P, Lisowski V, Guillet B. A Comprehensive Review of Non-Covalent Radiofluorination Approaches Using Aluminum [ 18F]fluoride: Will [ 18F]AlF Replace 68Ga for Metal Chelate Labeling? Molecules 2019; 24:E2866. [PMID: 31394799 PMCID: PMC6719958 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24162866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to its ideal physical properties, fluorine-18 turns out to be a key radionuclide for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, for both preclinical and clinical applications. However, usual biomolecules radiofluorination procedures require the formation of covalent bonds with fluorinated prosthetic groups. This drawback makes radiofluorination impractical for routine radiolabeling, gallium-68 appearing to be much more convenient for the labeling of chelator-bearing PET probes. In response to this limitation, a recent expansion of the 18F chemical toolbox gave aluminum [18F]fluoride chemistry a real prominence since the late 2000s. This approach is based on the formation of an [18F][AlF]2+ cation, complexed with a 9-membered cyclic chelator such as NOTA, NODA or their analogs. Allowing a one-step radiofluorination in an aqueous medium, this technique combines fluorine-18 and non-covalent radiolabeling with the advantage of being very easy to implement. Since its first reports, [18F]AlF radiolabeling approach has been applied to a wide variety of potential PET imaging vectors, whether of peptidic, proteic, or small molecule structure. Most of these [18F]AlF-labeled tracers showed promising preclinical results and have reached the clinical evaluation stage for some of them. The aim of this report is to provide a comprehensive overview of [18F]AlF labeling applications through a description of the various [18F]AlF-labeled conjugates, from their radiosynthesis to their evaluation as PET imaging agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyril Fersing
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), University of Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Montpellier Cancer Institute (ICM), 34298 Montpellier, France.
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Montpellier Cancer Institute (ICM), University of Montpellier, 208 Avenue des Apothicaires, 34298 Montpellier CEDEX 5, France.
| | - Ahlem Bouhlel
- CERIMED, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France
- Centre de recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition (C2VN), Aix-Marseille University, INSERM 1263, INRA 1260, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Christophe Cantelli
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), University of Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Montpellier Cancer Institute (ICM), 34298 Montpellier, France
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, 34093 Montpellier CEDEX, France
| | - Philippe Garrigue
- CERIMED, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France
- Centre de recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition (C2VN), Aix-Marseille University, INSERM 1263, INRA 1260, 13385 Marseille, France
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Vincent Lisowski
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, 34093 Montpellier CEDEX, France
| | - Benjamin Guillet
- CERIMED, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France
- Centre de recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition (C2VN), Aix-Marseille University, INSERM 1263, INRA 1260, 13385 Marseille, France
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), 13385 Marseille, France
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18
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Morris O, Fairclough M, Grigg J, Prenant C, McMahon A. A review of approaches to 18
F radiolabelling affinity peptides and proteins. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2018; 62:4-23. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- O. Morris
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre; The University of Manchester; UK
- CRUK/EPSRC Imaging Centre in Cambridge & Manchester; The University of Manchester; UK
| | - M. Fairclough
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre; The University of Manchester; UK
- CRUK/EPSRC Imaging Centre in Cambridge & Manchester; The University of Manchester; UK
| | | | - C. Prenant
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre; The University of Manchester; UK
- CRUK/EPSRC Imaging Centre in Cambridge & Manchester; The University of Manchester; UK
| | - A. McMahon
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre; The University of Manchester; UK
- CRUK/EPSRC Imaging Centre in Cambridge & Manchester; The University of Manchester; UK
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Giglio J, Zeni M, Savio E, Engler H. Synthesis of an Al 18F radiofluorinated GLU-UREA-LYS(AHX)-HBED-CC PSMA ligand in an automated synthesis platform. EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem 2018; 3:4. [PMID: 29503861 PMCID: PMC5829129 DOI: 10.1186/s41181-018-0039-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overexpression of prostatic membrane antigen (PSMA) is associated with the progression and prognosis of prostate cancer. There are numerous studies using this peptide with the 68Ga radionuclide. Previous methods to synthetize 18F-labeled PSMA ligands with complexes [18F]AlF2+ have been achieved. However, these reported syntheses were performed manually, using small volumes. Therefore it is only possible to have the radiopharmaceutical on a small scale, for use in preclinical studies. 18F-labelled tracers allow higher doses increasing the number of examined patients. In addition, late images can be acquired in the case of uptake in lymph nodes, to discard inflammation. It is important to transfer the manual synthesis to an automatic module, producing a batch of the radiopharmaceutical with high activity in a safe and effective way. The aim of this work was to optimize the labeling of [18F]AlF-[GLU-UREA-LYS(AHX)-HBED-CC] in a Tracerlab FXFN® (GE) platform. RESULTS The labeling up to the reactor corroborates the formation of the complex [18F]AlF-PSMA. After purification by HPLC, the radiopharmaceutical was achieved with a radiochemical purity higher than 90%. The quality control of the final product fulfilled all the requirements in agreement with USP, such as radiochemical purity (greater than 90%) and residual solvents. [18F]AlF-PSMA was obtained with a yield of 18 ± 3% (n = 7), not decay corrected (NCD) starting off from 500 to 2000 mCi the 18F and with a radiochemical purity of 95 ± 3% (n = 7). The product verified stability in the final formulation vial during 4 hs and in human plasma up to 1 h. CONCLUSION The proposed method allowed the production of [18F]AlF-PSMA with suitable radiochemical purity in a commercial platform. High activities were achieved, with a simple and robust methodology appropriate for clinical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Giglio
- Uruguayan Center of Molecular Imaging (CUDIM), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Maia Zeni
- Uruguayan Center of Molecular Imaging (CUDIM), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Eduardo Savio
- Uruguayan Center of Molecular Imaging (CUDIM), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Henry Engler
- Uruguayan Center of Molecular Imaging (CUDIM), Montevideo, Uruguay
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