1
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Sinha N, Wellauer J, Maisuradze T, Prescimone A, Kupfer S, Wenger OS. Reversible Photoinduced Ligand Substitution in a Luminescent Chromium(0) Complex. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:10418-10431. [PMID: 38588581 PMCID: PMC11027151 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c13925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Light-triggered dissociation of ligands forms the basis for many compounds of interest for photoactivated chemotherapy (PACT), in which medicinally active substances are released or "uncaged" from metal complexes upon illumination. Photoinduced ligand dissociation is usually irreversible, and many recent studies performed in the context of PACT focused on ruthenium(II) polypyridines and related heavy metal complexes. Herein, we report a first-row transition metal complex, in which photoinduced dissociation and spontaneous recoordination of a ligand unit occurs. Two scorpionate-type tridentate chelates provide an overall six-coordinate arylisocyanide environment for chromium(0). Photoexcitation causes decoordination of one of these six ligating units and coordination of a solvent molecule, at least in tetrahydrofuran and 1,4-dioxane solvents, but far less in toluene, and below detection limit in cyclohexane. Transient UV-vis absorption spectroscopy and quantum chemical simulations point to photoinduced ligand dissociation directly from an excited metal-to-ligand charge-transfer state. Owing to the tridentate chelate design and the substitution lability of the first-row transition metal, recoordination of the photodissociated arylisocyanide ligand unit can occur spontaneously on a millisecond time scale. This work provides insight into possible self-healing mechanisms counteracting unwanted photodegradation processes and seems furthermore relevant in the contexts of photoswitching and (photo)chemical information storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narayan Sinha
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
- School
of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of
Technology Mandi, Mandi 175075, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Joël Wellauer
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tamar Maisuradze
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Alessandro Prescimone
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Kupfer
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Oliver S. Wenger
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
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2
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Liu X, Zhang T, Zhou L, Li M, He R. Dual-Emissive γ-[Cu 4I 8] 4- Enables Luminescent Thermochromism in an Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Copper(I) Halide. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:5821-5830. [PMID: 38511502 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
A highly luminescent (C13H28N2)2Cu4I8 single crystal containing isolated γ-[Cu4I8]4- anionic cluster was synthesized without the use of unsaturated cations. To the best of our knowledge, compounds bearing such like anions are not dual-emitting under UV excitation. However, dual emission does occur in (C13H28N2)2Cu4I8. Moreover, the emission bands were found to be temperature-sensitive, allowing tuning of the emission colors from blue (0.19, 0.20) to green (0.33, 0.47) in the Commission International de L' Eclairage (CIE) chromaticity coordinates. Remarkably, the color could be restored on returning to the initial temperature, confirming an efficient and reversible luminescent thermochromic effect in (C13H28N2)2Cu4I8. The origin of this excellent optical performance is discussed, and the difference in the mechanism with the dual-emissive Cu(I) halide complexes is also elucidated. Overall, our work provides a promising way to achieve efficient luminescent thermochromism. The developed (C13H28N2)2Cu4I8 represents one of the viable alternatives for eco-friendly luminescent thermochromic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Ting Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Ming Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Rongxing He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
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3
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Bhowmik R, Roy M. Recent advances on the development of NO-releasing molecules (NORMs) for biomedical applications. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 268:116217. [PMID: 38367491 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is an important biological messenger as well as a signaling molecule that participates in a broad range of physiological events and therapeutic applications in biological systems. However, due to its very short half-life in physiological conditions, its therapeutic applications are restricted. Efforts have been made to develop an enormous number of NO-releasing molecules (NORMs) and motifs for NO delivery to the target tissues. These NORMs involve organic nitrate, nitrite, nitro compounds, transition metal nitrosyls, and several nanomaterials. The controlled release of NO from these NORMs to the specific site requires several external stimuli like light, sound, pH, heat, enzyme, etc. Herein, we have provided a comprehensive review of the biochemistry of nitric oxide, recent advancements in NO-releasing materials with the appropriate stimuli of NO release, and their biomedical applications in cancer and other disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rintu Bhowmik
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Manipur, Langol, 795004, Imphal West, Manipur, India
| | - Mithun Roy
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Manipur, Langol, 795004, Imphal West, Manipur, India.
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4
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Jin T, Wagner D, Wenger OS. Luminescent and Photoredox-Active Molybdenum(0) Complexes Competitive with Isoelectronic Ruthenium(II) Polypyridines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202314475. [PMID: 37885363 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202314475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Ruthenium(II) complexes with chelating polypyridine ligands are among the most frequently investigated compounds in photophysics and photochemistry, owing to their favorable luminescence and photoredox properties. Equally good photoluminescence performance and attractive photocatalytic behavior is now achievable with isoelectronic molybdenum(0) complexes. The zero-valent oxidation state of molybdenum is stabilized by carbonyl or isocyanide ligands, and metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) excited states analogous to those in ruthenium(II) complexes can be established. Microsecond MLCT excited-state lifetimes and photoluminescence quantum yields up to 0.2 have been achieved in solution at room temperature, and the emission wavelength has become tunable over a large range. The molybdenum(0) complexes are stronger photoreductants than ruthenium(II) polypyridines and can therefore perform more challenging chemical reductions. The triplet nature of their luminescent MLCT states allows sensitization of photon upconversion via triplet-triplet annihilation, to convert low-energy input radiation into higher-energy output fluorescence. This review summarizes the current state of the art concerning luminescent molybdenum(0) complexes and highlights their application potential. Molybdenum is roughly 140 times more abundant and far cheaper than ruthenium, hence this research is relevant in the greater context of finding more sustainable alternatives to using precious and rare transition metals in photophysics and photochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Jin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dorothee Wagner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Oliver S Wenger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
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5
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Zhang Y, Wu S, Sun P. Estimation of stability constants of Fe(III) with antibiotics and dissolved organic matter using a novel UV-vis spectroscopy method. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 899:165702. [PMID: 37495120 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Determining conditional stability constant (Kcond) is paramount in assessing complex stability, particularly in Fe(III) complexes that are prevalent in actual surface water and wastewater matrices. In this study, existing methods of Kcond determination were evaluated and a novel UV-Vis spectroscopy method was proposed based on the evaluation of these approaches. Model ligands (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), and oxalic acid (OA)), as well as common antibiotics (kanamycin (Kana) and tetracycline (TTC)), were employed to determine the Kcond of the Fe(III)-ligand complexes under neutral conditions (pH 6.5). The obtained fitting results revealed that the logKcond were in the order of Fe(III)-EDTA (7.08) > Fe(III)-NTA (4.67) > Fe(III)-OA (4.32) > Fe(III)-TTC (4.28) > Fe(III)-Kana (3.07). In addition to these single ligands, the methodology was extended to the Fe(III) complexation with humic acid (HA), a complex mixture of organic components, where the fitting result indicated a logKcond of 5.02 M-1. The method's application domain was analyzed by numerical analysis and combined with experimental results. The findings demonstrate that the proposed methodology possesses satisfactory measurement capability for Kcond ranging from 103 to 107 M-1, suggesting its broad applicability to the majority of complexes. This method can provide valuable insights into the impact of Fe(III) complexes within the water matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Shikang Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Peizhe Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
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6
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Sinha N, Wenger OS. Photoactive Metal-to-Ligand Charge Transfer Excited States in 3d 6 Complexes with Cr 0, Mn I, Fe II, and Co III. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:4903-4920. [PMID: 36808978 PMCID: PMC9999427 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c13432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Many coordination complexes and organometallic compounds with the 4d6 and 5d6 valence electron configurations have outstanding photophysical and photochemical properties, which stem from metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) excited states. This substance class makes extensive use of the most precious and least abundant metal elements, and consequently there has been a long-standing interest in first-row transition metal compounds with photoactive MLCT states. Semiprecious copper(I) with its completely filled 3d subshell is a relatively straightforward and well explored case, but in 3d6 complexes the partially filled d-orbitals lead to energetically low-lying metal-centered (MC) states that can cause undesirably fast MLCT excited state deactivation. Herein, we discuss recent advances made with isoelectronic Cr0, MnI, FeII, and CoIII compounds, for which long-lived MLCT states have become accessible over the past five years. Furthermore, we discuss possible future developments in the search for new first-row transition metal complexes with partially filled 3d subshells and photoactive MLCT states for next-generation applications in photophysics and photochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narayan Sinha
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Oliver S Wenger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
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7
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Prakash O, Lindh L, Kaul N, Rosemann NW, Losada IB, Johnson C, Chábera P, Ilic A, Schwarz J, Gupta AK, Uhlig J, Ericsson T, Häggström L, Huang P, Bendix J, Strand D, Yartsev A, Lomoth R, Persson P, Wärnmark K. Photophysical Integrity of the Iron(III) Scorpionate Framework in Iron(III)–NHC Complexes with Long-Lived 2LMCT Excited States. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:17515-17526. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Om Prakash
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-22100Lund, Sweden
| | - Linnea Lindh
- Chemical Physics Division, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-22100Lund, Sweden
- Theoretical Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-22100Lund, Sweden
| | - Nidhi Kaul
- Department of Chemistry − Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE-75120Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Nils W. Rosemann
- Chemical Physics Division, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-22100Lund, Sweden
| | - Iria Bolaño Losada
- Theoretical Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-22100Lund, Sweden
| | - Catherine Johnson
- Department of Chemistry − Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE-75120Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Pavel Chábera
- Chemical Physics Division, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-22100Lund, Sweden
| | - Aleksandra Ilic
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-22100Lund, Sweden
| | - Jesper Schwarz
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-22100Lund, Sweden
| | - Arvind Kumar Gupta
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-22100Lund, Sweden
| | - Jens Uhlig
- Chemical Physics Division, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-22100Lund, Sweden
| | - Tore Ericsson
- Department of Physics − Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE-75120Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lennart Häggström
- Department of Physics − Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE-75120Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ping Huang
- Department of Chemistry − Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE-75120Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jesper Bendix
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel Strand
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-22100Lund, Sweden
| | - Arkady Yartsev
- Chemical Physics Division, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-22100Lund, Sweden
| | - Reiner Lomoth
- Department of Chemistry − Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE-75120Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Petter Persson
- Theoretical Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-22100Lund, Sweden
| | - Kenneth Wärnmark
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-22100Lund, Sweden
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8
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Bürgin TH, Glaser F, Wenger OS. Shedding Light on the Oxidizing Properties of Spin-Flip Excited States in a Cr III Polypyridine Complex and Their Use in Photoredox Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:14181-14194. [PMID: 35913126 PMCID: PMC9376921 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c04465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
![]()
The photoredox activity of well-known RuII complexes
stems from metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) excited states,
in which a ligand-based electron can initiate chemical reductions
and a metal-centered hole can trigger oxidations. CrIII polypyridines show similar photoredox properties, although they
have fundamentally different electronic structures. Their photoactive
excited state is of spin-flip nature, differing from the electronic
ground state merely by a change of one electron spin, but with otherwise
identical d-orbital occupancy. We find that the driving-force dependence
for photoinduced electron transfer from 10 different donors to a spin-flip
excited state of a CrIII complex is very similar to that
for a RuII polypyridine, and thereby validate the concept
of estimating the redox potential of d3 spin-flip excited
states in analogous manner as for the MLCT states of d6 compounds. Building on this insight, we use our CrIII complex for photocatalytic reactions not previously explored with
this compound class, including the aerobic bromination of methoxyaryls,
oxygenation of 1,1,2,2-tetraphenylethylene, aerobic hydroxylation
of arylboronic acids, and the vinylation of N-phenyl
pyrrolidine. This work contributes to understanding the fundamental
photochemical properties of first-row transition-metal complexes in
comparison to well-explored precious-metal-based photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias H Bürgin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Felix Glaser
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Oliver S Wenger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
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9
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Carreño-Vega O, Vargas-Zamarripa M, Salas P, Ramírez-García G. Poly(allylamine)-copper(II) coordination complex grafted on core@shell upconversion nanoparticles for ultrafast and sensitive determination of the phytohormone salicylic acid in plant extracts. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:11630-11640. [PMID: 35861610 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01392d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Salicylic acid (SA) is a phenolic phytohormone with critical roles in plant growth regulation and resistance to biotic and abiotic stress. Since low SA concentrations can modulate many plant biochemical responses, innovative analytical tools are required to deeply understand its activity and to control its exogenous application in modern agricultural systems. Herein, a NIR-activated composite based on NaYF4:Yb,Er@NaYF4 core@shell upconversion nanoparticles decorated with the poly(allylamine)-Cu(II) complex [UCNPs-PAAm-Cu(II)] was developed to sensitively determine the SA molecule in plant-derived samples. Accordingly, the PAAm-Cu(II) complex grafted on the UCNPs induces a strategic charge transfer band which triggers a quenching process through a resonance energy transfer (RET) mechanism. Such process is gradually deactivated upon the addition of SA and the consequent formation of the SA-Cu(II) complex, allowing a luminescence recovery in the 1-800 nM linear range. This mechanism is promoted by the strong stability of the SA-Cu(II) complex (log β2-SA/Cu = 19.01) which is over twelve orders of magnitude stronger than the PAAm-Cu2+ counterpart. Furthermore, the equilibrium and kinetic studies on the involved mononuclear Cu2+ complexes formation permitted instantaneous analytical responses and excellent selectivity against other representative phytohormones and metallic cations. The reliability of this method was demonstrated by determining the SA content of some edible fruits and vegetables comprising apple, lemon, kiwi, tomato, and cucumber, whose concentrations ranged from 0.30 to 2.99 μg g-1, with percent recoveries between 94.6 to 102.3%. Thereby, the reported nanocomplex can help to understand the SA activity in plants with significant applications in crop yield improvement and food quality assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osvaldo Carreño-Vega
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Biofunctional Nanomaterials Laboratory. 3001, Boulevard Juriquilla, 76230, Querétaro, Mexico.
| | - Marlene Vargas-Zamarripa
- División de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guanajuato, Av. Juárez 77, C.P. 36000, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Pedro Salas
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Biofunctional Nanomaterials Laboratory. 3001, Boulevard Juriquilla, 76230, Querétaro, Mexico.
| | - Gonzalo Ramírez-García
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Biofunctional Nanomaterials Laboratory. 3001, Boulevard Juriquilla, 76230, Querétaro, Mexico.
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10
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Ossinger S, Prescimone A, Häussinger D, Wenger OS. Manganese(I) Complex with Monodentate Arylisocyanide Ligands Shows Photodissociation Instead of Luminescence. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:10533-10547. [PMID: 35768069 PMCID: PMC9377510 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Recently reported manganese(I) complexes with chelating arylisocyanide ligands exhibit luminescent metal-to-ligand charge-transfer (MLCT) excited states, similar to ruthenium(II) polypyridine complexes with the same d6 valence electron configuration used for many different applications in photophysics and photochemistry. However, chelating arylisocyanide ligands require substantial synthetic effort, and therefore it seemed attractive to explore the possibility of using more readily accessible monodentate arylisocyanides instead. Here, we synthesized the new Mn(I) complex [Mn(CNdippPhOMe2)6]PF6 with the known ligand CNdippPhOMe2 = 4-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2,6-diisopropylphenylisocyanide. This complex was investigated by NMR spectroscopy, single-crystal structure analysis, high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS) measurements, IR spectroscopy supported by density functional theory (DFT) calculations, cyclic voltammetry, and time-resolved as well as steady-state UV-vis absorption spectroscopy. The key finding is that the new Mn(I) complex is nonluminescent and instead undergoes arylisocyanide ligand loss during continuous visible laser irradiation into ligand-centered and charge-transfer absorption bands, presumably owed to the population of dissociative d-d excited states. Thus, it seems that chelating bi- or tridentate binding motifs are essential for obtaining emissive MLCT excited states in manganese(I) arylisocyanides. Our work contributes to understanding the basic properties of photoactive first-row transition metal complexes and could help advance the search for alternatives to precious metal-based luminophores, photocatalysts, and sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Ossinger
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alessandro Prescimone
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Häussinger
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Oliver S. Wenger
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
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11
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Vorobyeva SN, Baidina IA, Sukhikh TS, Korolkov IV, Belyaev AV. THE PREPARATION OF RHODIUM(III) NITRITE COMPLEXES WITH ETHYLENEDIAMINE. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022476622040072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Sinha N, Pfund B, Wegeberg C, Prescimone A, Wenger OS. Cobalt(III) Carbene Complex with an Electronic Excited-State Structure Similar to Cyclometalated Iridium(III) Compounds. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:9859-9873. [PMID: 35623627 PMCID: PMC9490849 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c02592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Many organometallic
iridium(III) complexes have photoactive excited
states with mixed metal-to-ligand and intraligand charge transfer
(MLCT/ILCT) character, which form the basis for numerous applications
in photophysics and photochemistry. Cobalt(III) complexes with analogous
MLCT excited-state properties seem to be unknown yet, despite the
fact that iridium(III) and cobalt(III) can adopt identical low-spin
d6 valence electron configurations due to their close chemical
relationship. Using a rigid tridentate chelate ligand (LCNC), in which a central amido π-donor is flanked by two σ-donating
N-heterocyclic carbene subunits, we obtained a robust homoleptic complex
[Co(LCNC)2](PF6), featuring a photoactive
excited state with substantial MLCT character. Compared to the vast
majority of isoelectronic iron(II) complexes, the MLCT state of [Co(LCNC)2](PF6) is long-lived because it
does not deactivate as efficiently into lower-lying metal-centered
excited states; furthermore, it engages directly in photoinduced electron
transfer reactions. The comparison with [Fe(LCNC)2](PF6), as well as structural, electrochemical, and UV–vis
transient absorption studies, provides insight into new ligand design
principles for first-row transition-metal complexes with photophysical
and photochemical properties reminiscent of those known from the platinum
group metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narayan Sinha
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Björn Pfund
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christina Wegeberg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alessandro Prescimone
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Oliver S Wenger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
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13
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Joyce JP, Portillo RI, Rappé AK, Shores MP. Doublet Ground State in a Vanadium(II) Complex: Redox and Coordinative Noninnocence of Tripodal Ligand Architecture. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:6376-6391. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Justin P. Joyce
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Romeo I. Portillo
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Anthony K. Rappé
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Matthew P. Shores
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
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Hölzel T, Belyaev A, Terzi M, Stenzel L, Gernert M, Marian CM, Steffen A, Ganter C. Linear Carbene Pyridine Copper Complexes with Sterically Demanding N, N'-Bis(trityl)imidazolylidene: Syntheses, Molecular Structures, and Photophysical Properties. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:18529-18543. [PMID: 34793149 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The sterically demanding carbene ITr (N,N'-bis(triphenylmethyl)imidazolylidene) was used as a ligand for the preparation of luminescent copper(I) complexes of the type [(ITr)Cu(R-pyridine/R'-quinoline)]BF4 (R = H, 4-CN, 4-CHO, 2,6-NH2, and R' = 8-Cl, 6-Me). The selective formation of linear, bis(coordinated) complexes was observed for a series of pyridine and quinoline derivatives. Only in the case of 4-cyanopyridine a one-dimensional coordination polymer was formed, in which the cyano group of the cyanopyridine ligand additionally binds to another Cu atom in a bridging manner, thus leading to a trigonal planar coordination environment. In contrast, employing sterically less demanding monotrityl-substituted carbene 3, no (NHC)Cu-pyridine complexes could be prepared. Instead, a bis-carbene complex [(3)2Cu]PF6 was obtained which showed no luminescence. All linear pyridine/quinoline coordinated complexes show weak emission in solution but intense blue to orange luminescence doped with 10% in PMMA films and in the solid state either from triplet excited states with unusually long lifetimes of up to 4.8 ms or via TADF with high radiative rate constants of up to 1.7 × 105 s-1 at room temperature. Combined density functional theory and multireference configuration interaction calculations have been performed to rationalize the involved photophysics of these complexes. They reveal a high density of low-lying electronic states with mixed MLCT, LLCT, and LC character where the electronic structures of the absorbing and emitting state are not necessarily identical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Hölzel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andrey Belyaev
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, TU Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Meryem Terzi
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Laura Stenzel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Markus Gernert
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, TU Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Christel M Marian
- Institut für Theoretische Chemie und Computerchemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andreas Steffen
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, TU Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Christian Ganter
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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Wegeberg C, Wenger OS. Luminescent First-Row Transition Metal Complexes. JACS AU 2021; 1:1860-1876. [PMID: 34841405 PMCID: PMC8611671 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Precious and rare elements have traditionally dominated inorganic photophysics and photochemistry, but now we are witnessing a paradigm shift toward cheaper and more abundant metals. Even though emissive complexes based on selected first-row transition metals have long been known, recent conceptual breakthroughs revealed that a much broader range of elements in different oxidation states are useable for this purpose. Coordination compounds of V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu now show electronically excited states with unexpected reactivity and photoluminescence behavior. Aside from providing a compact survey of the recent conceptual key advances in this dynamic field, our Perspective identifies the main design strategies that enabled the discovery of fundamentally new types of 3d-metal-based luminophores and photosensitizers operating in solution at room temperature.
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Li K, Chen Y, Wang J, Yang C. Diverse emission properties of transition metal complexes beyond exclusive single phosphorescence and their wide applications. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Varadwaj PR, Marques HM. The Cs 2AgRhCl 6 Halide Double Perovskite: A Dynamically Stable Lead-Free Transition-Metal Driven Semiconducting Material for Optoelectronics. Front Chem 2020; 8:796. [PMID: 33195026 PMCID: PMC7655969 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A-Site doping with alkali ions, and/or metal substitution at the B and B'-sites, are among the key strategies in the innovative development of A 2BB'X6 halide double perovskite semiconducting materials for application in energy and device technologies. To this end, we have investigated an intriguing series of five halide-based non-toxic systems, A 2AgRhCl6 (A = Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs), using density functional theory at the SCAN-rVV10 level. The lattice stability and bonding properties emanating from this study of A 2AgRhCl6 matched well with those that have already been synthesized, characterized and discussed [viz. Cs2AgBiX6 (X = Cl, Br)]. Exploration of traditional and recently proposed tolerance factors has enabled us to identify A 2AgRhCl6 (A = K, Rb and Cs) as stable double perovskites. The band structure and density of states calculations suggested that the electronic transition from the top of the valence band [Cl(3p)+Rh(4d)] to the bottom of the conduction band [(Cl(3p)+Rh(4d)] is inherently direct at the X-point of the first Brillouin zone. The (non-spin polarized) bandgap of these materials was found in the range 0.57-0.65 eV with SCAN-rVV10, which were substantially smaller than those computed with hybrid HSE06 and PBE0, and quasi-particle GW methods. This, together with the appreciable refractive index and high absorption coefficient in the region covering the range 1.0-4.5 eV, enabled us to demonstrate that A 2AgRhCl6 (A = K, Rb, and Cs) are likely candidate materials for photoelectric applications. The results of our phonon calculations at the harmonic level suggested that the Cs2AgRhCl6 is the only system that is dynamically stable (no imaginary frequencies found around the high symmetry lines of the reciprocal lattice), although the elastic moduli properties suggested all five systems examined are mechanically stable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep R. Varadwaj
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Helder M. Marques
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Gernert M, Balles-Wolf L, Kerner F, Müller U, Schmiedel A, Holzapfel M, Marian CM, Pflaum J, Lambert C, Steffen A. Cyclic (Amino)(aryl)carbenes Enter the Field of Chromophore Ligands: Expanded π System Leads to Unusually Deep Red Emitting Cu I Compounds. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:8897-8909. [PMID: 32302135 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c02234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of copper(I) complexes bearing a cyclic (amino)(aryl)carbene (CAArC) ligand with various complex geometries have been investigated in great detail with regard to their structural, electronic, and photophysical properties. Comparison of [CuX(CAArC)] (X = Br (1), Cbz (2), acac (3), Ph2acac (4), Cp (5), and Cp* (6)) with known CuI complexes bearing cyclic (amino)(alkyl), monoamido, or diamido carbenes (CAAC, MAC, or DAC, respectively) as chromophore ligands reveals that the expanded π-system of the CAArC leads to relatively low energy absorption maxima between 350 and 550 nm in THF with high absorption coefficients of 5-15 × 103 M-1 cm-1 for 1-6. Furthermore, 1-5 show intense deep red to near-IR emission involving their triplet excited states in the solid state and in PMMA films with λemmax = 621-784 nm. Linear [Cu(Cbz)(DippCAArC)] (2) has been found to be an exceptional deep red (λmax = 621 nm, ϕ = 0.32, τav = 366 ns) thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitter with a radiative rate constant kr of ca. 9 × 105 s-1, exceeding those of commercially employed IrIII- or PtII-based emitters. Time-resolved transient absorption and fluorescence upconversion experiments complemented by quantum chemical calculations employing Kohn-Sham density functional theory and multireference configuration interaction methods as well as temperature-dependent steady-state and time-resolved luminescence studies provide a detailed picture of the excited-state dynamics of 2. To demonstrate the potential applicability of this new class of low-energy emitters in future photonic applications, such as nonclassical light sources for quantum communication or quantum cryptography, we have successfully conducted single-molecule photon-correlation experiments of 2, showing distinct antibunching as required for single-photon emitters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Gernert
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Lukas Balles-Wolf
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Florian Kerner
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Müller
- Experimental Physics VI, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Schmiedel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Marco Holzapfel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christel M Marian
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jens Pflaum
- Experimental Physics VI, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Lambert
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Steffen
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
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20
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Förster C, Heinze K. Photophysics and photochemistry with Earth-abundant metals - fundamentals and concepts. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:1057-1070. [PMID: 32025671 DOI: 10.1039/c9cs00573k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Recent exciting developments in the area of mononuclear photoactive complexes with Earth-abundant metal ions (Cu, Zr, Fe, Cr) for potential eco-friendly applications in (phosphorescent) organic light emitting diodes, in imaging and sensing systems, in dye-sensitized solar cells and as photocatalysts are presented. Challenges, in particular the extension of excited state lifetimes, and recent conceptual breakthroughs in substituting precious and rare-Earth metal ions (e.g. Ru, Ir, Pt, Au, Eu) in these applications by abundant ions are outlined with selected examples. Relevant fundamentals of photophysics and photochemistry are discussed first, followed by conceptual and instructive case studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Förster
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Katja Heinze
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128, Mainz, Germany.
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Roque J, Havrylyuk D, Barrett PC, Sainuddin T, McCain J, Colón K, Sparks WT, Bradner E, Monro S, Heidary D, Cameron CG, Glazer EC, McFarland SA. Strained, Photoejecting Ru(II) Complexes that are Cytotoxic Under Hypoxic Conditions. Photochem Photobiol 2019; 96:327-339. [PMID: 31691282 DOI: 10.1111/php.13174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A series of strained Ru(II) complexes were studied for potential anticancer activity in hypoxic tissues. The complexes were constructed with methylated ligands that were photolabile and an imidizo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline ligand that contained an appended aromatic group to potentially allow for contributions of ligand-centered excited states. A systematic variation of the size and energy of the aromatic group was performed using systems containing 1-4 fused rings, and the photochemical and photobiological behaviors of all complexes were assessed. The structure and nature of the aromatic group had a subtle impact on photochemistry, altering environmental sensitivity, and had a significant impact on cellular cytotoxicity and photobiology. Up to 5-fold differences in cytotoxicity were observed in the absence of light activation; this rose to 50-fold differences upon exposure to 453 nm light. Most significantly, one complex retained activity under conditions with 1% O2 , which is used to induce hypoxic changes. This system exhibited a photocytotoxicity index (PI) of 15, which is in marked contrast to most other Ru(II) complexes, including those designed for O2 -independent mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Roque
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC
| | | | - Patrick C Barrett
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC
| | - Tariq Sainuddin
- Department of Chemistry, Acadia University, Wolfville, Canada
| | - Julia McCain
- Department of Chemistry, Acadia University, Wolfville, Canada
| | - Katsuya Colón
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC
| | - William T Sparks
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC
| | - Evan Bradner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC
| | - Susan Monro
- Department of Chemistry, Acadia University, Wolfville, Canada
| | - David Heidary
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Colin G Cameron
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC
| | - Edith C Glazer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Sherri A McFarland
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC.,Department of Chemistry, Acadia University, Wolfville, Canada
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22
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Sun Y, Zhang G. Photoinduced Decarboxylative Amino‐Fluoroalkylation of Maleic Anhydride. Chemistry 2019; 26:419-422. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Youwen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
| | - Guozhu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
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23
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Katkova MA, Zabrodina GS, Zhigulin GY, Rumyantsev RV, Ketkov SY. Water-Soluble Chiral Y(III)–Cu(II) Metallamacrocyclic Phenylalaninehydroximate Complex. RUSS J COORD CHEM+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070328419100014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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24
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Zhigulin GY, Zabrodina GS, Katkova MA, Ketkov SY. Polynuclear Glycinehydroximate Cu(II)–Gd(III) Metallamacrocyclic Complexes: Halochromic Properties. RUSS J COORD CHEM+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s107032841905004x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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25
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Roveda AC, Santos WG, Souza ML, Adelson CN, Gonçalves FS, Castellano EE, Garino C, Franco DW, Cardoso DR. Light-activated generation of nitric oxide (NO) and sulfite anion radicals (SO3˙−) from a ruthenium(ii) nitrosylsulphito complex. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:10812-10823. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt01432b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
This manuscript describes the preparation of a new Ru(ii) nitrosylsulphito complex,trans-[Ru(NH3)4(isn)(N(O)SO3)]+(complex1), its spectroscopic and structural characterization, photochemistry, and thermal reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio C. Roveda
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry
- University of São Paulo
- São Carlos
- Brazil
| | - Willy G. Santos
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry
- University of São Paulo
- São Carlos
- Brazil
| | - Maykon L. Souza
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry
- University of São Paulo
- São Carlos
- Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Claudio Garino
- Dept. of Chemistry and NIS Interdepartmental Centre
- University of Turin
- Italy
| | - Douglas W. Franco
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry
- University of São Paulo
- São Carlos
- Brazil
| | - Daniel R. Cardoso
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry
- University of São Paulo
- São Carlos
- Brazil
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Abstract
In this invited Perspective, recent developments and possible future directions of research on photoactive coordination compounds made from nonprecious transition metal elements will be discussed. The focus is on conceptually new, structurally well-characterized complexes with excited-state lifetimes between 10 ps and 1 ms in fluid solution for possible applications in photosensitizing, light-harvesting, luminescence and catalysis. The key metal elements considered herein are Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Zr, Mo, W and Ce in various oxidation states equipped with diverse ligands, giving access to long-lived excited states via a range of fundamentally different types of electronic transitions. Research performed in this area over the past five years demonstrated that a much broader spectrum of metal complexes than what was long considered relevant exhibits useful photophysics and photochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver S Wenger
- Department of Chemistry , University of Basel , St. Johanns-Ring 19 , 4056 Basel , Switzerland
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27
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28
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Zhigulin GY, Zabrodina GS, Katkova MA, Ketkov SY. Quantum chemical study of formation of CuII–YIII metallamacrocyclic complexes based on glycinehydroximate ligands. Russ Chem Bull 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-018-2198-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Evans MA, Huang PJ, Iwamoto Y, Ibsen KN, Chan EM, Hitomi Y, Ford PC, Mitragotri S. Macrophage-mediated delivery of light activated nitric oxide prodrugs with spatial, temporal and concentration control. Chem Sci 2018; 9:3729-3741. [PMID: 29780505 PMCID: PMC5939611 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc00015h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) holds great promise as a treatment for cancer hypoxia, if its concentration and localization can be precisely controlled. Here, we report a "Trojan Horse" strategy to provide the necessary spatial, temporal, and dosage control of such drug-delivery therapies at targeted tissues. Described is a unique package consisting of (1) a manganese-nitrosyl complex, which is a photoactivated NO-releasing moiety (photoNORM), plus Nd3+-doped upconverting nanoparticles (Nd-UCNPs) incorporated into (2) biodegradable polymer microparticles that are taken up by (3) bone-marrow derived murine macrophages. Both the photoNORM [Mn(NO)dpaqNO2 ]BPh4(dpaqNO2 = 2-[N,N-bis(pyridin-2-yl-methyl)]-amino-N'-5-nitro-quinolin-8-yl-acetamido) and the Nd-UCNPs are activated by tissue-penetrating near-infrared (NIR) light at ∼800 nm. Thus, simultaneous therapeutic NO delivery and photoluminescence (PL) imaging can be achieved with a NIR diode laser source. The loaded microparticles are non-toxic to their macrophage hosts in the absence of light. The microparticle-carrying macrophages deeply penetrate into NIH-3T3/4T1 tumor spheroid models, and when the infiltrated spheroids are irradiated with NIR light, NO is released in quantifiable amounts while emission from the Nd-UCNPs provides images of microparticle location. Furthermore, varying the intensity of the NIR excitation allows photochemical control over NO release. Low doses reduce levels of hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) in the tumor cells, while high doses are cytotoxic. The use of macrophages to carry microparticles with a NIR photo-activated theranostic payload into a tumor overcomes challenges often faced with therapeutic administration of NO and offers the potential of multiple treatment strategies with a single system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Evans
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California, Santa Barbara , Santa Barbara , CA , 93106 USA .
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Center for Bioengineering , University of California, Santa Barbara , Santa Barbara , CA , 93106 USA
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences , Harvard University , 29 Oxford St. , Cambridge , MA 02138 , USA .
| | - Po-Ju Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California, Santa Barbara , Santa Barbara , CA , 93106 USA .
| | - Yuji Iwamoto
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Doshisha University , 1-3 Tatara Miyakodani, Kyotanabe , Kyoto 610-0394 , Japan
| | - Kelly N Ibsen
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Center for Bioengineering , University of California, Santa Barbara , Santa Barbara , CA , 93106 USA
| | - Emory M Chan
- Molecular Foundry , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , CA , USA
| | - Yutaka Hitomi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Doshisha University , 1-3 Tatara Miyakodani, Kyotanabe , Kyoto 610-0394 , Japan
| | - Peter C Ford
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California, Santa Barbara , Santa Barbara , CA , 93106 USA .
| | - Samir Mitragotri
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Center for Bioengineering , University of California, Santa Barbara , Santa Barbara , CA , 93106 USA
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences , Harvard University , 29 Oxford St. , Cambridge , MA 02138 , USA .
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Katkova MA. Water-Soluble Polynuclear Metallamacrocyclic Copper(II) and Lanthanide(III) Complexes Based on Amino Hydroxamic Acids. RUSS J COORD CHEM+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s107032841804005x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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31
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Büldt LA, Wenger OS. Luminescent complexes made from chelating isocyanide ligands and earth-abundant metals. Dalton Trans 2018; 46:15175-15177. [PMID: 29063087 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt03620e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In this invited frontier article, recently discovered d6 and d10 complexes with long-lived metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) excited states are highlighted. Chelating diisocyanide ligands give access to emissive Mo(0) and Cr(0) complexes with d6 electron configuration exhibiting photophysical properties similar to those of Ru(ii) polypyridines or cyclometalated Ir(iii) complexes. With Ni(0), these ligands yield luminescent tetrahedral d10 complexes similar to isoelectronic Cu(i) bis(diimine) compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Büldt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.
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de Lima Batista AP, de Oliveira-Filho AGS, Galembeck SE. Photophysical properties and the NO photorelease mechanism of a ruthenium nitrosyl model complex investigated using the CASSCF-in-DFT embedding approach. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 19:13860-13867. [PMID: 28513675 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp01642e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A complete state-averaged active space self-consistent field (SA-CASSCF) calculation by means of the SA-CASSCF(18,14)-in-BP86 Miller-Manby embedding approach was performed to explore the ground and excited electronic states of the trans-[RuCl(NO)(NH3)4]2+ complex. Insights into the NO photodissociation mechanism and Ru-NO bonding properties are provided. In addition, spin-orbit (SO) interactions were taken into account to describe and characterize the spin-forbidden transitions observed at the low-energy regions of the trans-[RuCl(NO)(NH3)4]2+ UV-Vis spectrum. The SA-CASSCF(18,14)-in-BP86 electronic spectrum is in great agreement with the experimental data of Schreiner [Schreiner et al., Inorg. Chem., 1972, 11, 880].
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana P de Lima Batista
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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Büldt LA, Wenger OS. Chromium complexes for luminescence, solar cells, photoredox catalysis, upconversion, and phototriggered NO release. Chem Sci 2017; 8:7359-7367. [PMID: 29163886 PMCID: PMC5672834 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc03372a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cr(iii) and Cr(0) complexes are earth-abundant alternatives to photosensitizers that are commonly made from precious metals.
Some complexes of Cr(iii) and Cr(0) have long been known to exhibit interesting photophysical and photochemical properties, but in the past few years important conceptual progress was made. This Perspective focuses on the recent developments of Cr(iii) complexes as luminophores and dyes for solar cells, their application in photoredox catalysis, their use as sensitizers in upconversion processes, and their performance as photochemical nitric oxide sources. The example of a luminescent Cr(0) isocyanide complex illustrates the possibility of obtaining photoactive analogues of d6 metal complexes that are commonly made from precious metals such as Ru(ii) or Ir(iii). The studies highlighted herein illustrate the favorable excited-state properties of robust first-row transition metal complexes with broad application potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Büldt
- Department of Chemistry , University of Basel , St. Johanns-Ring 19 , 4056 Basel , Switzerland .
| | - Oliver S Wenger
- Department of Chemistry , University of Basel , St. Johanns-Ring 19 , 4056 Basel , Switzerland .
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Aucott BJ, Ward JS, Andrew SG, Milani J, Whitwood AC, Lynam JM, Parkin A, Fairlamb IJS. Redox-Tagged Carbon Monoxide-Releasing Molecules (CORMs): Ferrocene-Containing [Mn(C^N)(CO)4] Complexes as a Promising New CORM Class. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:5431-5440. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J. Aucott
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan S. Ward
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel G. Andrew
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Jessica Milani
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian C. Whitwood
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Jason M. Lynam
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Alison Parkin
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Ian J. S. Fairlamb
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
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36
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Ward JS, Bray JTW, Aucott BJ, Wagner C, Pridmore NE, Whitwood AC, Moir JWB, Lynam JM, Fairlamb IJS. Photoactivated Functionizable Tetracarbonyl(phenylpyridine)manganese(I) Complexes as CO-Releasing Molecules: A Direct Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling on a Thermally Stable CO-RM. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201600775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan S. Ward
- Department of Chemistry; University of York; Heslington YO10 5DD York UK
| | - Joshua T. W. Bray
- Department of Chemistry; University of York; Heslington YO10 5DD York UK
| | - Benjamin J. Aucott
- Department of Chemistry; University of York; Heslington YO10 5DD York UK
| | - Conrad Wagner
- Department of Chemistry; University of York; Heslington YO10 5DD York UK
| | | | - Adrian C. Whitwood
- Department of Chemistry; University of York; Heslington YO10 5DD York UK
| | | | - Jason M. Lynam
- Department of Chemistry; University of York; Heslington YO10 5DD York UK
| | - Ian J. S. Fairlamb
- Department of Chemistry; University of York; Heslington YO10 5DD York UK
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