1
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Chen J, Yu S, Qian Z, He K, Li B, Cao Y, Tang K, Yu S, Wu YX. Target-triggered enzyme-free amplification for highly efficient AND-gated bioimaging in living cells. Analyst 2023; 148:5963-5971. [PMID: 37867382 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01157g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Rapid, simultaneous, and sensitive detection of biomolecules has important application prospects in disease diagnosis and biomedical research. However, because the content of intracellular endogenous target biomolecules is usually very low, traditional detection methods can't be used for effective detection and imaging, and to enhance the detection sensitivity, signal amplification strategies are frequently required. The hybridization chain reaction (HCR) has been used to detect many disease biomarkers because of its simple operation, good reproducibility, and no enzyme involvement. Although HCR signal amplification methods have been employed to detect and image intracellular biomolecules, there are still false positive signals. Therefore, a target-triggered enzyme-free amplification system (GHCR system) was developed, as a fluorescent AND-gated sensing platform for intracellular target probing. The false positive signals can be well avoided and the accuracy of detection and imaging can be improved by using the design of the AND gate. Two cancer markers, GSH and miR-1246, were used as two orthogonal inputs for the AND gated probe. The AND-gated probe only works when GSH and miR-1246 are the inputs at the same time, and FRET signals can be the output. In addition to the use of AND-gated imaging, FRET-based high-precision ratiometric fluorescence imaging was employed. FRET-based ratiometric fluorescent probes have a higher ability to resist interference from the intracellular environment, they can avoid false positive signals well, and they are expected to have good specificity. Due to the advantages of HCR, AND-gated, and FRET fluorescent probes, the GHCR system exhibited highly efficient AND-gated FRET bioimaging for intracellular endogenous miRNAs with a lower detection limit of 18 pM, which benefits the applications of ratiometric intracellular biosensing and bioimaging and offers a novel concept for advancing the diagnosis and therapeutic strategies in the field of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Chen
- State Key Laboratory Base of Novel Functional Materials and Preparation Science, Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Clinical Application, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China.
| | - Shengrong Yu
- State Key Laboratory Base of Novel Functional Materials and Preparation Science, Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Clinical Application, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China.
- Ningbo Zhenhai Institute of Mass Spectrometry, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Zhiling Qian
- State Key Laboratory Base of Novel Functional Materials and Preparation Science, Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Clinical Application, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China.
| | - Kangdi He
- State Key Laboratory Base of Novel Functional Materials and Preparation Science, Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Clinical Application, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China.
| | - Bingqian Li
- State Key Laboratory Base of Novel Functional Materials and Preparation Science, Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Clinical Application, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China.
| | - Yuting Cao
- State Key Laboratory Base of Novel Functional Materials and Preparation Science, Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Clinical Application, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China.
| | - Keqi Tang
- State Key Laboratory Base of Novel Functional Materials and Preparation Science, Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Clinical Application, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China.
- Ningbo Zhenhai Institute of Mass Spectrometry, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Shengjia Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Yong-Xiang Wu
- State Key Laboratory Base of Novel Functional Materials and Preparation Science, Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Clinical Application, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China.
- Ningbo Zhenhai Institute of Mass Spectrometry, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
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2
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Wang Y, Li L, Ge S, Zhang L, Wang X, Yu J. DNAzyme-Mediated Biodeposition Coupling Adjustable Cascade Electric Fields for Photoelectrochemical Telomerase Activity Monitoring. ACS Sens 2023; 8:3538-3546. [PMID: 37672644 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c01191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Telomerase, as a specialized reverse transcriptase, plays a vital role in early cancer diagnostics and prognosis; thus, developing efficient sensing technologies is of vital importance. Herein, an innovative "signal-on-off" photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensing platform was developed for ultrasensitive evaluation of telomerase activity based on an electron-transfer tunneling distance regulation strategy and DNAzyme-triggerable biocatalytic precipitation. Concretely, cascade internal electric fields between CuInS2 quantum dots (QDs), graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets (g-C3N4 NSs), and TiO2 nanorod arrays (NRAs) were developed to realize cascade electron extraction and hole transfer. Enabled by such a design, an effective "signal-on" state to gain a progressively enhanced PEC output was designed by suppressing the photogenerated electron-hole pair recombination. With the introduction of hairpin probe H2 and the subsequent extension of the primer sequence driven by the target telomerase, the CuInS2 QDs labeled with hairpin probe H1 were programmatically unfolded, resulting in CuInS2 QDs' close proximity to the working electrode away from the cascade interface, accompanied by the formation of G-quadruplex/hemin complexes. The gradual undermining of tunneling distance and implantation of DNAzyme-initiating biocatalytic precipitation tremendously induced the sluggish migration kinetics of the photoinduced charge, accompanied by the photocurrent intensity decrement, leading to the "signal-off" state. Under optimized conditions, the as-prepared PEC biosensor realizes ultrasensitive detection of telomerase activity from 10 to 105 cell·mL-1 with a detection limitation of 3 cells·mL-1. As a proof of concept, this well-designed method provides new insights into signal amplification for telomerase activity evaluation and also presents promising potential for further development in drug screening, healthcare diagnostics, and biological assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhu Wang
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Lili Li
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Shenguang Ge
- Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Jinghua Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
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3
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Chai Q, Chen J, Zeng S, Zhu T, Chen J, Qi C, Mao G, Liu Y. Closed Cyclic DNA Machine for Sensitive Logic Operation and APE1 Detection. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2207736. [PMID: 36916696 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202207736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
DNA self-assembly has been developed as a kind of robust signal amplification strategy, but most of reported assembly pathways are programmed to amplify signal in one direction. Herein, based on mutual-activated cascade cycle of hybridization chain reaction (HCR) and catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA), a closed cycle circuit (CCC) based DNA machine is developed for sensitive logic operation and molecular recognition. Benefiting from the synergistically accelerated signal amplification, the closed cyclic DNA machine enabled the logic computing with strong and significant output signals even at weak input signals. The typical logic operations such as OR, YES, AND, INHIBIT, NOR, and NAND gate, are conveniently and clearly executed with this DNA machine through rational design of the input and computing elements. Moreover, by integrating the target recognition module with the CCC module, the proposed DNA machine is further employed in the homogeneous detection of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1). The precise recognition and exponential signal amplification facilitated the highly selective and sensitive detection of APE1 with limit of detection (LOD) of 7.8 × 10-5 U mL-1 . Besides, the normal cells and tumor cells are distinguished unambiguously by this method according to the detected concentration difference of cellular APE1, which indicates the robustness and practicability of this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingli Chai
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Pollutant Analysis & Reuse Technology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, Hubei, 435002, China
| | - Jinyang Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Pollutant Analysis & Reuse Technology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, Hubei, 435002, China
| | - Shasha Zeng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Pollutant Analysis & Reuse Technology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, Hubei, 435002, China
| | - Ting Zhu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Pollutant Analysis & Reuse Technology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, Hubei, 435002, China
| | - Jintao Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Pollutant Analysis & Reuse Technology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, Hubei, 435002, China
| | - Chunjiao Qi
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Pollutant Analysis & Reuse Technology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, Hubei, 435002, China
| | - Guobin Mao
- Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Yucheng Liu
- Core Facility of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
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4
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Zhang Q, Wang Y, Wang W, Min Q, Zhang JR, Zhu JJ. A Telomerase-Assisted Strategy for Regeneration of DNA Nanomachines in Living Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202213884. [PMID: 36478372 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202213884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
DNA nanomachines have been engineered into diverse personalized devices for diagnostic imaging of biomarkers; however, the regeneration of DNA nanomachines in living cells remains challenging. Here, we report an ingenious DNA nanomachine that can implement telomerase (TE)-activated regeneration in living cells. Upon apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1)-responsive initiation of the nanomachine, the walker of the nanomachine moves along tracks regenerated by TE, generating multiply amplified signals through which APE1 can be imaged in situ. Additionally, augmentation of the signal due to the regeneration of the nanomachines could reveal differential expression of TE in different cell lines. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first proof-of-concept demonstration of the use of biomarkers to assist in the regeneration of nanomachines in living cells. This study offers a new paradigm for the development of more applicable and efficient DNA nanomachines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yihan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Qianhao Min
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jian-Rong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.,School of Chemistry and Life Science, Nanjing University Jinling College, Nanjing, 210089, China
| | - Jun-Jie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
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5
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Lv WY, Li CH, Yang FF, Li YF, Zhen SJ, Huang CZ. Sensitive Logic Nanodevices with Strong Response for Weak Inputs. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202115561. [PMID: 34989066 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202115561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Sensitive sensing is critical when developing new calculation systems with weak input signals (ISs). In this work, a "weak-inputs-strong-outputs" strategy was proposed to guide the construction of sensitive logic nanodevices by coupling an input-induced reversible DNA computing platform with a hybridization chain reaction-based signal amplifier. By rational design of the sequence of computing elements (CEs) so as to avoid cross-talking between ISs and signal amplifier, the newly formed logic nanodevices have good sensitivity to the weak ISs even at low concentrations of CEs, and are able to perform YES, OR, NAND, NOR, INHIBIT, INHIBIT-OR and number classifier operation, showing that the DNA calculation proceeds in dilute solution medium that greatly improves the calculation proficiency of logic nanodevices without the confinement of the lithography process in nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Yi Lv
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Chun Hong Li
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Fei Fan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical System (Southwest University), Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Fang Li
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical System (Southwest University), Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Shu Jun Zhen
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical System (Southwest University), Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Zhi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
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6
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Zhang R, Zhang R, Zhao C, Xu X. A DNA tetrahedron docking assembly for imaging telomerase activity in cancerous cells. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1193:339395. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.339395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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7
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Liu S, Xiang K, Wang C, Zhang Y, Fan GC, Wang W, Han H. DNA Nanotweezers for Biosensing Applications: Recent Advances and Future Prospects. ACS Sens 2022; 7:3-20. [PMID: 34989231 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c01647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
DNA nanotweezers (DTs) are reversible DNA nanodevices that can optionally switch between opened and closed states. Due to their excellent flexibility and high programmability, they have been recognized as a promising platform for constructing a diversity of biosensors and logic gates, as well as a versatile tool for molecular biology studies. In this review, we provide an overview of biosensing applications using DTs. First, the design and working principle of DTs are introduced. Next, the signal producing principles of DTs are summarized. Furthermore, biosensing applications of DTs for varying targets and purposes, both in buffers and complex biological environments, are highlighted. Finally, we provide potential opportunities and challenges for the further development of DTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kaikai Xiang
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yutian Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gao-Chao Fan
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biochemical Analysis, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, People’s Republic of China
| | - Heyou Han
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
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8
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Lv WY, Li CH, Yang FF, Li YF, Zhen SJ, Huang CZ. Sensitive Logic Nanodevices with Strong Response for Weak Inputs. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202115561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Yi Lv
- Southwest University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences CHINA
| | - Chun Hong Li
- Southwest University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences CHINA
| | - Fei Fan Yang
- Southwest University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Yuan Fang Li
- Southwest University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Shu Jun Zhen
- Southwest University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Tiansheng Road, BeiBei 400715 Chongqing CHINA
| | - Cheng Zhi Huang
- Southwest University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences CHINA
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9
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Yin X, Yao D, Lam MHW, Liang H. A facile biosynthesis strategy of plasmid DNA-derived nanowires for readable microRNA logic operations. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:3055-3063. [DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02699b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Multiple microRNAs (miRNAs) logical assays have attracted wide attention recently, which can be applied to mimic and reveal cellular events at the molecular level. However, it remains challenging to develop...
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10
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Chen L, Chen W, Liu G, Li J, Lu C, Li J, Tan W, Yang H. Nucleic acid-based molecular computation heads towards cellular applications. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:12551-12575. [PMID: 34604889 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01508c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nucleic acids, with the advantages of programmability and biocompatibility, have been widely used to design different kinds of novel biocomputing devices. Recently, nucleic acid-based molecular computing has shown promise in making the leap from the test tube to the cell. Such molecular computing can perform logic analysis within the confines of the cellular milieu with programmable modulation of biological functions at the molecular level. In this review, we summarize the development of nucleic acid-based biocomputing devices that are rationally designed and chemically synthesized, highlighting the ability of nucleic acid-based molecular computing to achieve cellular applications in sensing, imaging, biomedicine, and bioengineering. Then we discuss the future challenges and opportunities for cellular and in vivo applications. We expect this review to inspire innovative work on constructing nucleic acid-based biocomputing to achieve the goal of precisely rewiring, even reconstructing cellular signal networks in a prescribed way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China.
| | - Wanzhen Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China.
| | - Guo Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China.
| | - Jingying Li
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
| | - Chunhua Lu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China.
| | - Juan Li
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China. .,Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences; The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P. R. China
| | - Weihong Tan
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences; The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P. R. China.,Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Huanghao Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China.
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11
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Huang Z, Yao N, Li X, Tian Y, Duan Y. Self-extending DNA-Mediated Isothermal Amplification System and Its Biosensing Applications. Anal Chem 2021; 93:14334-14342. [PMID: 34648262 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Signal amplification is critical to achieving sensitive biosensing, but complex strategies often bring problems like system instability, false positive, or narrow target spectrum. Here, a self-extending DNA-mediated isothermal amplification (SEIA) system with simple reaction components is introduced to achieve rapid, robust, and significant signal amplification. In SEIA, based on spontaneous refolding of specific DNA domains and using the previous generation product as a template, a DNA strand can extend continuously in an approximate exponential growth pattern, which was accurately predicted by our formula and well supported by AFM results. Based on a set of proof-of-concept experiments, it was proved that the SEIA system can output different signals and flexibly integrate various functional nucleic acids, which makes it suitable for different scenarios and realizes broad-spectrum target detection. Taking into account the advantages of simplicity, flexibility, and efficiency, the SEIA system as an independent signal amplification module will enrich the toolbox of biosensing design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Huang
- Research Center of Analytical Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, PR China
| | - Naizhi Yao
- Research Center of Analytical Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, PR China
| | - Xiaoting Li
- Research Center of Analytical Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, PR China
| | - Yonghui Tian
- Research Center of Analytical Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, PR China
| | - Yixiang Duan
- Research Center of Analytical Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, PR China
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12
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Yu Y, Guo Q, Jiang W, Zhang H, Cai C. Dual-Aptamer-Assisted AND Logic Gate for Cyclic Enzymatic Signal Amplification Electrochemical Detection of Tumor-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles. Anal Chem 2021; 93:11298-11304. [PMID: 34369142 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c02489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), often referred to as exosomes, are potential biomarkers for noninvasive cancer diagnosis. However, because of their phenotype heterogeneity, precise detection of tumor-derived sEVs is a great challenge. Herein, a dual-aptamer-assisted AND logic gate was fabricated for sensitive electrochemical detection of tumor-derived sEVs based on a cyclic enzymatic signal amplification strategy. Four different tumor-derived sEVs were used to verify the feasibility of the AND logic gate, and CCRF-CEM sEVs were successfully detected by this assay. The electrochemical assay shows a good linear response from 4 × 103 to 8 × 107 particles/μL, with a detection limit of 920 particles/μL, for CCRF-CEM sEVs, indicating potential application in accurate cancer diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqi Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, P. R. China
| | - Qunqun Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, P. R. China
| | - Wenli Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, P. R. China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, P. R. China
| | - Chenxin Cai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, P. R. China
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13
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Ye SY, Pan CG, Dai YH, Liang GX. Sensitive electrochemiluminescent detection of telomerase activity based on nicking enzyme assisted signal amplification. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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14
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Lv H, Li Q, Shi J, Fan C, Wang F. Biocomputing Based on DNA Strand Displacement Reactions. Chemphyschem 2021; 22:1151-1166. [PMID: 33871136 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202100140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The high sequence specificity and precise base complementary pairing principle of DNA provides a rich orthogonal molecular library for molecular programming, making it one of the most promising materials for developing bio-compatible intelligence. In recent years, DNA has been extensively studied and applied in the field of biological computing. Among them, the toehold-mediated strand displacement reaction (SDR) with properties including enzyme free, flexible design and precise control, have been extensively used to construct biological computing circuits. This review provides a systemic overview of SDR design principles and the applications. Strategies for designing DNA-only, enzymes-assisted, other molecules-involved and external stimuli-controlled SDRs are described. The recently realized computing functions and the application of DNA computing in other fields are introduced. Finally, the advantages and challenges of SDR-based computing are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Lv
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.,Division of Physical Biology, CAS Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Qian Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 201240, China
| | - Jiye Shi
- Division of Physical Biology, CAS Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Chunhai Fan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 201240, China
| | - Fei Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 201240, China
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15
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Qing M, Chen SL, Sun Z, Fan Y, Luo HQ, Li NB. Universal and Programmable Rolling Circle Amplification-CRISPR/Cas12a-Mediated Immobilization-Free Electrochemical Biosensor. Anal Chem 2021; 93:7499-7507. [PMID: 33980009 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c00805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The development of a sensing platform with high sensitivity and specificity, especially programmability and universal applicability, for the detection of clinically relevant molecules is highly valuable for disease monitoring and confirmation but remains a challenge. Here, for the first time, we introduce the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas system into an immobilization-free electrochemical biosensing platform for sensitively and specifically detecting the disease-related nucleic acids and small molecules. In this strategy, a modular rolling circle amplification (RCA) is designed to transform and amplify the target recognition event into the universal trigger DNA strand that is used as the trigger to activate the deoxyribonuclease activity of CRISPR/Cas12a for further signal amplification. The cleavage of the target-activated blocker probe allows the methylene blue-labeled reporter probes to be captured by the reduced graphene oxide-modified electrode, leading to an obviously increased electrochemical signal. We only need to simply tune the sequence for target recognition in RCA components, and this strategy can be flexibly applied to the highly sensitive and specific detection of microRNAs, Parvovirus B19 DNA, and adenosine-5'-triphosphate and the calculated limit of detection is 0.83 aM, 0.52 aM, and 0.46 pM, respectively. In addition, we construct DNA logic circuits (YES, NOT, OR, AND) of DNA inputs to experimentally demonstrate the modularity and programmability of the stimuli-responsive RCA-CRISPR/Cas12a system. This work broadens the application of the CRISPR/Cas12a system to the immobilization-free electrochemical biosensing platform and provides a new thinking for developing a robust tool for clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Qing
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Tiansheng Road, BeiBei District, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Liang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Tiansheng Road, BeiBei District, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Zhe Sun
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Tiansheng Road, BeiBei District, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Yi Fan
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Tiansheng Road, BeiBei District, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Hong Qun Luo
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Tiansheng Road, BeiBei District, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Nian Bing Li
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Tiansheng Road, BeiBei District, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
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16
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Polyphenols separated from Enteromorpha clathrata by one-dimensional coupled with inner-recycling high-speed counter-current chromatography and their antioxidant activities. Eur Food Res Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-021-03751-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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17
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Vázquez-González M, Willner I. Aptamer-Functionalized Hybrid Nanostructures for Sensing, Drug Delivery, Catalysis and Mechanical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1803. [PMID: 33670386 PMCID: PMC7918352 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sequence-specific nucleic acids exhibiting selective recognition properties towards low-molecular-weight substrates and macromolecules (aptamers) find growing interest as functional biopolymers for analysis, medical applications such as imaging, drug delivery and even therapeutic agents, nanotechnology, material science and more. The present perspective article introduces a glossary of examples for diverse applications of aptamers mainly originated from our laboratory. These include the introduction of aptamer-functionalized nanomaterials such as graphene oxide, Ag nanoclusters and semiconductor quantum dots as functional hybrid nanomaterials for optical sensing of target analytes. The use of aptamer-functionalized DNA tetrahedra nanostructures for multiplex analysis and aptamer-loaded metal-organic framework nanoparticles acting as sense-and-treat are introduced. Aptamer-functionalized nano and microcarriers are presented as stimuli-responsive hybrid drug carriers for controlled and targeted drug release, including aptamer-functionalized SiO2 nanoparticles, carbon dots, metal-organic frameworks and microcapsules. A further application of aptamers involves the conjugation of aptamers to catalytic units as a means to mimic enzyme functions "nucleoapzymes". In addition, the formation and dissociation of aptamer-ligand complexes are applied to develop mechanical molecular devices and to switch nanostructures such as origami scaffolds. Finally, the article discusses future challenges in applying aptamers in material science, nanotechnology and catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Vázquez-González
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Itamar Willner
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
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18
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Molden TA, Grillo MC, Kolpashchikov DM. Manufacturing Reusable NAND Logic Gates and Their Initial Circuits for DNA Nanoprocessors. Chemistry 2020; 27:2421-2426. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana A. Molden
- Chemistry Department University of Central Florida 4111 Libra Drive, Physical Sciences 255 Orlando FL 32816-2366 USA
| | - Marcella C. Grillo
- Chemistry Department University of Central Florida 4111 Libra Drive, Physical Sciences 255 Orlando FL 32816-2366 USA
| | - Dmitry M. Kolpashchikov
- Chemistry Department University of Central Florida 4111 Libra Drive, Physical Sciences 255 Orlando FL 32816-2366 USA
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19
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Biocomputing label-free security system based on homogenous ligation chain reaction-induced dramatic change in melting temperature for screening single nucleotide polymorphisms. Talanta 2020; 218:121141. [PMID: 32797898 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The development of smart platform with accurate, inexpensive and reliable detection of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) has long been concerned in the fields of medical diagnosis and basic research. Here, we present a ligation chain reaction (LCR)-based sensing system for the cost-effective screening of SNPs by simply conducting DNA melting analysis. No chemical modification is required and the signaling operation is accomplished in homogeneous solution, circumventing the complex modification process and possibly compromised enzymatic activity associated with heterogeneous materials, such as quantum dot (QD) and gold nanoparticle (GNP). Due to the enzymatic catalysis and high fidelity of ligase, the system is capable of executing signal amplification, providing a high sensitivity and selectivity. KRAS gene is easily recognized and the site-specific mutation of guanine (G) to adenine (A), thymine (T) or cytosine (C) is accurately screened. Moreover, the excellent reliability was demonstrated by blind test and recovery test. LCR-based signaling mechanism was further used to develop the biocomputing security system, and two logic gates consisting of four single-stranded DNAs (ssDNAs) offer a double insurance to protect the information against illegal invasion, guaranteeing the reliability of output information. Once in the absence of one essential factor, the security system was always locked regardless of target key, serving as a novel strategy to ensure the safety of output information at molecular level. As a proof-of-concept scheme, this contribution introduces new insight into the development of DNA security systems and the exploitation of powerful signal transduction strategy suitable for rapid and convenient disease diagnosis.
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20
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Integration of logic gates to CRISPR/Cas12a system for rapid and sensitive detection of pathogenic bacterial genes. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1125:162-168. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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21
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Sun L, Zhao Q, Liu X, Pan Y, Gao Y, Yang J, Wang Y, Song Y. Enzyme-mimicking accelerated signal enhancement for visually multiplexed quantitation of telomerase activity. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:6969-6972. [PMID: 32436515 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc01951h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Here, we propose an amplification strategy involving enzyme-mimicking accelerated signal enhancement integrated with a triple-channel volumetric bar-chart chip for visually multiplexed quantitation of telomerase activity. This platform was used for evaluating the telomerase activities from different kinds of cells and a detection limit at the single-cell level was realized without any instrumental assistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
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22
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Huang S, Zhang Q, Yao H, Wang W, Zhang JR, Zhu JJ. Quantitative Detection and Imaging of Multiple Biological Molecules in Living Cells for Cell Screening. ACS Sens 2020; 5:1149-1157. [PMID: 32164417 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c00170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Because of insufficient information, a single biomarker is not sufficient for early diagnosis of cancer, whereas sensitive and selective detection of multiple biomolecules can significantly reduce analysis time, sample size, and accurately perform cell screening in early cancer. Therefore, the development of a noninvasive strategy that can simultaneously quantify multiple biomarkers (i.e., nucleic acids, proteins, and small molecules) in a single cell is particularly important. Herein, a universal sensing system (functional DNA@mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN)-Black Hole Quencher-rhodamine 6G (RhB), FDSBR), which is based on the combination of functionalized DNA and smart responsive nanomaterial, was successfully constructed. After incubation with the cells, different types of targets trigger the strand displacement reaction to release the fluorophore-labeled nucleic acids as the output signals to reflect the intracellular level of the telomerase and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), respectively. Simultaneously, intracellular miR-21 can be clearly indicated by the restored fluorescence of RhB when the caged double-stranded DNA was substituted into single-stranded DNA to open the pore. The concentrations of intracellular telomerase, miR-21, and ATP were identified successfully in three cell lines at the single-cell level. The results show that the contents of three biomolecules have significant differences in the three model cell lines and provide a promising route for developing innovative early disease diagnosis and cell screening assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qianying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Huiqin Yao
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jian-Rong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Nanjing University Jinling College, Nanjing 210089, China
| | - Jun-Jie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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23
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Chen J, Morihiro K, Fukui D, Guo L, Okamoto A. Live-Cell Sensing of Telomerase Activity by Using Hybridization-Sensitive Fluorescent Oligonucleotide Probes. Chembiochem 2020; 21:1022-1027. [PMID: 31840916 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201900555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Live-cell sensing of telomerase activity with simple and efficient strategies remains a challenging target. In this work, a strategy for telomerase sensing by using hybridization-sensitive fluorescent oligonucleotide probes is reported. In the presence of telomerase and dNTPs, the designed supporting strand was extended and generated the hairpin structure that catalyzed the next telomerase extending reaction. The special extension mechanism increased the local concentration of another supporting strand and telomerase, which resulted in enhanced telomerase activity. The hybridization-sensitive oligonucleotide probes bound to the hairpin catalyst and generated turn-on fluorescence. This method realized the sensing of telomerase activity in HeLa cell extract with a detection limit below 1.6×10-6 IU μL-1 . The real-time in situ observation of telomerase extension was achieved in living HeLa cells. This strategy has been applied to monitor the efficiency of telomerase-targeting anticancer drugs in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiazhuo Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Morihiro
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Daisuke Fukui
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Lihao Guo
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8904, Japan
| | - Akimitsu Okamoto
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan.,Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8904, Japan
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24
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Wang H, Peng P, Wang Q, Du Y, Tian Z, Li T. Environment-Recognizing DNA-Computation Circuits for the Intracellular Transport of Molecular Payloads for mRNA Imaging. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:6099-6107. [PMID: 31981393 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201916432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Programming intelligent DNA nanocarriers for the targeted transport of molecular payloads in living cells has attracted extensive attention. In vivo activation of these nanocarriers usually relies on external light irradiation. An interest is emerging in the automatic recognition of intracellular surroundings by nanocarriers and their in situ activation under the control of programmed DNA-computation circuits. Herein, we report the integration of DNA circuits with framework nucleic acid (FNA) nanocarriers that consist of a truncated square pyramid (TSP) cage and a built-in duplex cargo containing an antisense strand of the target mRNA. An i-motif and ATP aptamer embedded in the TSP are employed as logic-controlling units to respond to H+ and ATP inside cellular compartments, triggering the release of the sensing element for fluorescent mRNA imaging. Logic-controlled FNA devices could be used to target drug delivery, enabling precise disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Pai Peng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Qiwei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Yi Du
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Zhijin Tian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
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25
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Wang H, Peng P, Wang Q, Du Y, Tian Z, Li T. Environment‐Recognizing DNA‐Computation Circuits for the Intracellular Transport of Molecular Payloads for mRNA Imaging. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201916432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Wang
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of China 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Pai Peng
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of China 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Qiwei Wang
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of China 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Yi Du
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of China 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Zhijin Tian
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of China 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of China 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei Anhui 230026 China
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26
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Zhou C, Geng H, Wang P, Guo C. Ten-Input Cube Root Logic Computation with Rational Designed DNA Nanoswitches Coupled with DNA Strand Displacement Process. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:2601-2606. [PMID: 31867943 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b15180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The predictability of Watson-Crick base-pairing provides a unique structural programmability to DNAs, promoting a facile design of bimolecular reactions that perform computation. However, most of the current architectures could only implement limited logical circuits and are incapable of handling more complex mathematical operations, thus limiting computing devices from advancing to the next-stage functional complexity. Here, by designing a multifunctional DNA-based reaction platform coupled with multiple fluorescent substrates as output reporters, we construct, for the first time, a logic circuit that can compute the cube root of a 10-bit binary number (within the decimal number 1000). This relatively large-scale logic system with 10 inputs and four outputs showcases the power of DNAs in the field of biological computing and will potentially open up a new horizon for designing novel functional devices and complex computing circuits and bringing breakthroughs in biocomputing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyang Zhou
- The Photonics Laboratory, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun , Jilin 130033 , China
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200127 , China
| | - Hongmei Geng
- The Photonics Laboratory, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun , Jilin 130033 , China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200127 , China
| | - Chunlei Guo
- The Photonics Laboratory, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun , Jilin 130033 , China
- The Institute of Optics , University of Rochester , Rochester , New York 14627 , United States
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27
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Target induced framework nucleic acid nanomachine with doxorubicin-spherical nucleic acid tags for electrochemical determination of human telomerase activity. Mikrochim Acta 2020; 187:97. [PMID: 31907624 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-4095-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A stable and enzyme-free method is described for highly sensitive determination of telomerase activity. It is based on the use of a framework nucleic acid (FNA) nanomachine and doxorubicin-spherical nucleic acid (DSNA) tags. Upon incubation with telomerase, the primer-tetrahedron becomes elongated to form the handed swing arm. The extended swing arm autonomously moves along the predefined track consisting of entropy-tetrahedron by consecutive strand displacement under the aid of fuel-tetrahedron. As a result, many (entropy-tetrahedron)-(fuel-tetrahedron) complexes are assembled for combining the DSNA tags. This results in an amplified electrochemical signal, typically measured at around -0.63 V (Ag/AgCl). The use of an enzyme-free FNA nanomachine and of DSNA tags warrants outstandingly high stability and sensitivity. The method shows a broad dynamic correlation of telomerase activity in cell extracts. The analytical range extends from 10 to 1.0 × 104 HeLa cells mL-1 with a lower detection limit of 2 cells mL-1. The differences in telomerase activity between different cancer cells can be easily evaluated. The method was further verified by quantifying telomerase activity of cancer cells in accumulated normal cells. Therefore, the sensing method has great potential for clinical application. Graphical abstractSchematic representation of the electrochemical biosensor based on target induced framework nucleic acid nanomachine with doxorubicin-spherical nucleic acids (DSNA) tags, which can be used to the determination of telomerase activity in accumulated normal cells. dNTP: Deoxynucleotide triphosphates; FT: Fuel-tetrahedron.
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28
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Wang W, Yu S, Huang S, Bi S, Han H, Zhang JR, Lu Y, Zhu JJ. Bioapplications of DNA nanotechnology at the solid-liquid interface. Chem Soc Rev 2019; 48:4892-4920. [PMID: 31402369 PMCID: PMC6746594 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00402a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
DNA nanotechnology engineered at the solid-liquid interface has advanced our fundamental understanding of DNA hybridization kinetics and facilitated the design of improved biosensing, bioimaging and therapeutic platforms. Three research branches of DNA nanotechnology exist: (i) structural DNA nanotechnology for the construction of various nanoscale patterns; (ii) dynamic DNA nanotechnology for the operation of nanodevices; and (iii) functional DNA nanotechnology for the exploration of new DNA functions. Although the initial stages of DNA nanotechnology research began in aqueous solution, current research efforts have shifted to solid-liquid interfaces. Based on shape and component features, these interfaces can be classified as flat interfaces, nanoparticle interfaces, and soft interfaces of DNA origami and cell membranes. This review briefly discusses the development of DNA nanotechnology. We then highlight the important roles of structural DNA nanotechnology in tailoring the properties of flat interfaces and modifications of nanoparticle interfaces, and extensively review their successful bioapplications. In addition, engineering advances in DNA nanodevices at interfaces for improved biosensing both in vitro and in vivo are presented. The use of DNA nanotechnology as a tool to engineer cell membranes to reveal protein levels and cell behavior is also discussed. Finally, we present challenges and an outlook for this emerging field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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29
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Du Y, Peng P, Li T. DNA Logic Operations in Living Cells Utilizing Lysosome-Recognizing Framework Nucleic Acid Nanodevices for Subcellular Imaging. ACS NANO 2019; 13:5778-5784. [PMID: 30978283 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b01324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
DNA logic nanodevices that in situ operate within living cells have attracted increasing interest and shown great promise for gene regulation and target recognition. A challenge remains how to control their activation inside specific cellular compartments. Toward this goal, here we report a lysosome-recognizing framework nucleic acid (FNA) nanodevice using an i-motif and an ATP-binding aptamer (ABA) incorporated into a DNA triangular prism (DTP) as the logic-controlling units. Once entering the lysosomal compartments, the FNA device responds to lysosomal pH and ATP via the folding of i-motif and ABA, which triggers a structural change of FNA and the release of a reporter structure for subcellular imaging. With endogenous proton and ATP as two inputs, an AND logic gate is built and in situ operated within living lysosomes by pH and ATP modulation with external drug stimuli. Given the abnormal levels of pH and ATP within some cancer cells or dysfunctional lysosomal cells, in this context our designed FNA logic device may find extended applications in controllable drug release and disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Du
- Department of Chemistry , University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , China
| | - Pai Peng
- Department of Chemistry , University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Chemistry , University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , China
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30
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Yao Y, Li N, Zhang X, Ong'achwa Machuki J, Yang D, Yu Y, Li J, Tang D, Tian J, Gao F. DNA-Templated Silver Nanocluster/Porphyrin/MnO 2 Platform for Label-Free Intracellular Zn 2+ Imaging and Fluorescence-/Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Guided Photodynamic Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:13991-14003. [PMID: 30901195 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b01530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Developing a theranostic platform that integrates diagnosis and treatment in one single nanostructure is necessary for efficient tumor treatment. Here, we presented a novel theranostic nanoprobe for nonlabeled fluorescence imaging of Zn2+ and 635 nm red light-triggered photodynamic therapy (PDT) by a multifunctional DNA-templated silver nanocluster/porphyrin/MnO2 nanoplatform. MnO2 nanosheets adsorbed hairpin DNA-silver nanoclusters (AgNCs) and porphyrin (P) by facile physisorption, which accelerate the transfection of nanoprobes and P into tumor cells. After entering the cells, the biodegradation of MnO2 nanosheets by glutathione and acidic hydrogen peroxide released AgNCs for label-free Zn2+ fluorescence imaging by the hairpin DNA-fueled dynamic self-assembly of three-way DNA junction architectures, and the released Mn2+ could act as an effective magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent. In addition, MnO2 was decomposed in the acidic H2O2-ample environment and produced O2 to overbear hypoxia-related PDT resistance, highly efficient PDT was obtained by excess singlet oxygen (1O2) release of P-AgNCs-MnO2 nanoprobes under light irradiation compared with free P. In vitro and in vivo studies confirmed that P-AgNCs-MnO2 exhibited high fluorescence specificity, excellent PDT effect, and good biocompatibility and could be used as a contrast agent for MRI. This theranostic platform provided a new avenue for the fluorescence and MRI diagnosis of tumors and efficient tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Yao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy , Xuzhou Medical University , 221004 Xuzhou , China
| | - Na Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy , Xuzhou Medical University , 221004 Xuzhou , China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy , Xuzhou Medical University , 221004 Xuzhou , China
| | - Jeremiah Ong'achwa Machuki
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy , Xuzhou Medical University , 221004 Xuzhou , China
| | - Dongzhi Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy , Xuzhou Medical University , 221004 Xuzhou , China
| | - Yanyan Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy , Xuzhou Medical University , 221004 Xuzhou , China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy , Xuzhou Medical University , 221004 Xuzhou , China
| | - Daoquan Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy , Xuzhou Medical University , 221004 Xuzhou , China
| | - Jiangwei Tian
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , 211198 Nanjing , China
| | - Fenglei Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy , Xuzhou Medical University , 221004 Xuzhou , China
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31
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Yang S, Yang C, Huang D, Song L, Chen J, Yang Q. Recent Progress in Fluorescence Signal Design for DNA-Based Logic Circuits. Chemistry 2019; 25:5389-5405. [PMID: 30328639 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
DNA-based logic circuits, encoding algorithms in DNA and processing information, are pushing the frontiers of molecular computers forward, owing to DNA's advantages of stability, accessibility, manipulability, and especially inherent biological significance and potential medical application. In recent years, numerous logic functions, from arithmetic to nonarithmetic, have been realized based on DNA. However, DNA can barely provide a detectable signal by itself, so that the DNA-based circuits depend on extrinsic signal actuators. The signal strategy of carrying out a response is becoming one of the design focuses in DNA-based logic circuit construction. Although work on sequence and structure design for DNA-based circuits has been well reviewed, the strategy on signal production lacks comprehensive summary. In this review, we focused on the latest designs of fluorescent output for DNA-based logic circuits. Several basic strategies are summarized and a few designs for developing multi-output systems are provided. Finally, some current difficulties and possible opportunities were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Chunrong Yang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Dan Huang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Lingbo Song
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jianchi Chen
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Qianfan Yang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
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32
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Xing Y, Li X, Yuan T, Cheng W, Li D, Yu T, Ding X, Ding S. Engineering high-performance hairpin stacking circuits for logic gate operation and highly sensitive biosensing assay of microRNA. Analyst 2018; 142:4834-4842. [PMID: 29160870 DOI: 10.1039/c7an01624g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Recently, hairpin stacking circuits (HSC) based on toehold-mediated strand displacement have been engineered to detect nucleic acids and proteins. However, the three metastable hairpins in a HSC system can potentially react non-specifically in the absence of a catalyst, limiting its practical application. Here, we developed a unique hairpin design guideline to eliminate circuit leakage of HSC, and the high-performance HSC was successfully implemented on logic gate building and biosensing. We began by analyzing the sources of circuit leakage and optimizing the toehold lengths of hairpins in the HSC system based on the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technique. Next, a novel strategy of substituting two nucleotides in a specific domain, termed 'loop-domain substitution', was introduced to eliminate leakages. We also systematically altered the positions and numbers of the introduced substitutions to probe their potential contribution to circuit leakage suppression. Through these efforts, the circuit leakage of HSC was significantly reduced. Finally, by designing different DNA input strands, the logic gates could be activated to achieve the output signal. Using miRNA as a model analyte, this strategy could detect miRNA down to pM levels with minimized circuit leakage. We believe these work indicate significant progress in the DNA circuitry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueli Xing
- The Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Shandong 256603, China
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33
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Xue C, Xiao S, Ouyang CH, Li CC, Gao ZH, Shen ZF, Wu ZS. Inverted mirror image molecular beacon-based three concatenated logic gates to detect p53 tumor suppressor gene. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1051:179-186. [PMID: 30661615 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mutation of p53 tumor suppressor gene represents one of the early molecular events in tumor initiation and progression. Although molecular computing holds tremendous potential with important applications in diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of human diseases at the molecular level, designing molecular logic gates to implement cascade amplification via operating autonomously for the detection of point mutations still remains challenging. In this contribution, we developed a three concatenated logic gates (TCLG) to perform multiple strand displacement amplification (m-SDA) for screening the cancer-related point mutations only via designing an innovative molecular beacon (MB). Specifically, using p53 gene as model target, extending the two ends of a MB via adding two fragments with the same sequence achieves two unique terminal single-stranded (ss) overhangs. After self-folding of MB into hairpin structure, the two overhangs exhibit a near inverted mirror image (IM) relationship if taking the base nature and direction into account. For this, the probe is called IM-MB. Because cascade SDAs can occur on IM-MB and promote each other, the target gene can be detected down to 10 pM. Along this line, the TCLG circuit was proposed, and two primers and target gene serve as the indispensable input signals. Utilizing this logic circuit, the point mutation or absence of target gene can be sensitively screened. Moreover, its potential application in the recognition of point mutations in complex biomatrix has been demonstrated via blind test. The proof-of-concept scheme is expected to provide new insight into the development of DNA-based molecular logic gates and their applications in basic research, medical diagnosis and precise treatment and treatment of genetic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Xue
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Shuai Xiao
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medicine Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Institute of Functional Nucleic Acids and Personalized Cancer Theranostics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Chang-He Ouyang
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Cong-Cong Li
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Gao
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medicine Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Institute of Functional Nucleic Acids and Personalized Cancer Theranostics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Zhi-Fa Shen
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medicine Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Institute of Functional Nucleic Acids and Personalized Cancer Theranostics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Zai-Sheng Wu
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
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34
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Wang H, Zheng J, Sun Y, Li T. Cellular environment-responsive intelligent DNA logic circuits for controllable molecular sensing. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 117:729-735. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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35
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Chen J, Chen S, Li F. DNA Probes for Implementation of Multiple Molecular Computations Using a Lateral Flow Strip Biosensor as the Sensing Platform. Anal Chem 2018; 90:10311-10317. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b02103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Junhua Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental Science & Technology, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Shu Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental Science & Technology, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Fengling Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental Science & Technology, Guangzhou 510650, China
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36
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Meng F, Xu Y, Dong W, Tang Y, Miao P. A PCR-free voltammetric telomerase activity assay using a substrate primer on a gold electrode and DNA-triggered capture of gold nanoparticles. Mikrochim Acta 2018; 185:398. [PMID: 30069792 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-018-2936-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The paper describes a voltammetric method for the quantitation of the activity of telomerase extracted from cancer cells. A thiolated single-stranded telomerase substrate primer was firstly immobilized on a gold electrode. In the presence of a mixture of telomerase and deoxynucleotide triphosphates, the primer becomes elongated and contains repetitive nucleotide sequences (TTAGGG)n. After hybridization with blocker DNA, gold nanoparticles are added and captured by the elongated single-stranded DNA. This reduces the charge transfer resistance of the gold electrode. The telomerase activity is then quantified via differential pulse voltammetry, typically at 0.12 V (vs. SCE). The method is PCR-free, rapid, and convenient. It was applied to the detection of HeLa cells via the telomerase activity of lysed cells. The detection range was from 500 to 50,000 cells/mL and the detection limit was as low as 500 cells/mL. Graphical abstract A telomerase substrate (TS) primer is immobilized on a gold electrode as the sensing interface to detect the activity of telomerase extracted from cancer cells. Unmodified gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are utilized which change the electrochemical responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanyu Meng
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215163, People's Republic of China.,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenfei Dong
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215163, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuguo Tang
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215163, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Miao
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215163, People's Republic of China. .,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, People's Republic of China.
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37
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Wang C, Yang H, Wu S, Liu Y, Wei W, Zhang Y, Wei M, Liu S. Manifold methods for telomerase activity detection based on various unique probes. Trends Analyt Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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38
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Zhang J, Lu Y. Biocomputing for Portable, Resettable, and Quantitative Point-of-Care Diagnostics: Making the Glucose Meter a Logic-Gate Responsive Device for Measuring Many Clinically Relevant Targets. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:9702-9706. [PMID: 29893502 PMCID: PMC6261302 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201804292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
It is recognized that biocomputing can provide intelligent solutions to complex biosensing projects. However, it remains challenging to transform biomolecular logic gates into convenient, portable, resettable and quantitative sensing systems for point-of-care (POC) diagnostics in a low-resource setting. To overcome these limitations, the first design of biocomputing on personal glucose meters (PGMs) is reported, which utilizes glucose and the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide as signal outputs, DNAzymes and protein enzymes as building blocks, and demonstrates a general platform for installing logic-gate responses (YES, NOT, INHIBIT, NOR, NAND, and OR) to a variety of biological species, such as cations (Na+ ), anions (citrate), organic metabolites (adenosine diphosphate and adenosine triphosphate) and enzymes (pyruvate kinase, alkaline phosphatase, and alcohol dehydrogenases). A concatenated logical gate platform that is resettable is also demonstrated. The system is highly modular and can be generally applied to POC diagnostics of many diseases, such as hyponatremia, hypernatremia, and hemolytic anemia. In addition to broadening the clinical applications of the PGM, the method reported opens a new avenue in biomolecular logic gates for the development of intelligent POC devices for on-site applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana IL 61801 (USA),
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana IL 61801 (USA),
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39
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Zhang J, Lu Y. Biocomputing for Portable, Resettable, and Quantitative Point-of-Care Diagnostics: Making the Glucose Meter a Logic-Gate Responsive Device for Measuring Many Clinically Relevant Targets. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201804292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Urbana IL 61801 USA
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40
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Xu X, Wang L, Li K, Huang Q, Jiang W. A Smart DNA Tweezer for Detection of Human Telomerase Activity. Anal Chem 2018; 90:3521-3530. [PMID: 29446916 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b05373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Reliable and accurate detection of telomerase activity is crucial to better understand its role in cancer cells and to further explore its function in cancer diagnosis and treatment. Here, we construct a smart DNA tweezer (DT) for detection of telomerase activity. The DT is assembled by three specially designed single-stranded oligonucleotides: a central strand dually labeled with donor/acceptor fluorophores and two arm strands containing overhangs complementary to telomerase reaction products (TRPs). It can get closed through hybridization with TRPs and get reopen through strand displacement reaction by TRPs' complementary sequences. First, under the action of telomerase, telomerase binding substrates (TS) are elongated to generate TRPs ended with telomeric repeats (TTAGGG) n. TRPs hybridize with the two arm overhangs cooperatively and strain DT to closed state, inducing an increased fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) efficiency, which is utilized for telomerase activity detection. Second, upon introduction of a removal strand (RS) complementary to TRPs, the closed DT is relaxed to open state via the toehold-mediated strand displacement, inducing a decreased FRET efficiency, which is utilized for determination of TRP length distribution. The detection limit of telomerase activity is equivalent to 141 cells/μL for HeLa cells, and telomerase-active cellular extracts can be differentiated from telomerase-inactive cellular extracts. Furthermore, TRPs owning 1, 2, 3, 4, and ≥5 telomeric repeats are identified to account for 25.6%, 20.5%, 15.7%, 12.5%, and 25.7%, respectively. The proposed strategy will offer a new approach for reliable, accurate detection of telomerase activity and product length distribution for deeper studying its role and function in cancer.
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41
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Huang S, Yao H, Wang W, Zhang JR, Zhu JJ. Highly sensitive fluorescence quantification of intracellular telomerase activity by repeat G-rich DNA enhanced silver nanoclusters. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:4583-4591. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb00801a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
As an important biomarker for early cancer diagnosis and a valuable therapeutic target, the detection and monitoring of telomerase activity has attracted extensive attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Huiqin Yao
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Basic Medical Sciences
- Ningxia Medical University
- Yinchuan
- China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Jian-Rong Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Life Science
- Nanjing University Jinling College
- Nanjing 210089
- China
| | - Jun-Jie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
- China
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42
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Gao F, Yao Y, Wu J, Cui L, Zhang Y, Geng D, Tang D, Yu Y. A robust fluorescent probe for detection of telomerase activityin vitroand imaging in living cellsviatelomerase-triggering primer extension to desorb DNA from graphene oxide. Analyst 2018; 143:3651-3660. [DOI: 10.1039/c8an00815a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A novel strategy for telomerase imaging was developed based on telomerase-triggering primer extension to desorb fluorophore labeled DNA from graphene oxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenglei Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy
- School of Pharmacy
- Xuzhou Medical University
- Xuzhou
- China
| | - Yao Yao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy
- School of Pharmacy
- Xuzhou Medical University
- Xuzhou
- China
| | - Jing Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy
- School of Pharmacy
- Xuzhou Medical University
- Xuzhou
- China
| | - Lin Cui
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Shandong Normal University
- Jinan 250014
- China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy
- School of Pharmacy
- Xuzhou Medical University
- Xuzhou
- China
| | - Deqin Geng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy
- School of Pharmacy
- Xuzhou Medical University
- Xuzhou
- China
| | - Daoquan Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy
- School of Pharmacy
- Xuzhou Medical University
- Xuzhou
- China
| | - Yanyan Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy
- School of Pharmacy
- Xuzhou Medical University
- Xuzhou
- China
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43
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Ma F, Wei SH, Leng J, Tang B, Zhang CY. A simple “mix-and-detection” method for the sensitive detection of telomerase from cancer cells under absolutely isothermal conditions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:2483-2486. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc00093j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We develop a simple “mix-and-detection” method for the sensitive detection of telomerase from cancer cells under absolutely isothermal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Ma
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes
- Ministry of Education
| | - Shu-hua Wei
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes
- Ministry of Education
| | - Junhong Leng
- Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital
- Jinan 250000
- China
| | - Bo Tang
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes
- Ministry of Education
| | - Chun-yang Zhang
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes
- Ministry of Education
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44
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Chen F, Bai M, Cao K, Zhao Y, Cao X, Wei J, Wu N, Li J, Wang L, Fan C, Zhao Y. Programming Enzyme-Initiated Autonomous DNAzyme Nanodevices in Living Cells. ACS NANO 2017; 11:11908-11914. [PMID: 29045785 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b06728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Molecular nanodevices are computational assemblers that switch defined states upon external stimulation. However, interfacing artificial nanodevices with natural molecular machineries in living cells remains a great challenge. Here, we delineate a generic method for programming assembly of enzyme-initiated DNAzyme nanodevices (DzNanos). Two programs including split assembly of two partzymes and toehold exchange displacement assembly of one intact DNAzyme initiated by telomerase are computed. The intact one obtains higher assembly yield and catalytic performance ascribed to proper conformation folding and active misplaced assembly. By employing MnO2 nanosheets as both DNA carriers and source of Mn2+ as DNAzyme cofactor, we find that this DzNano is well assembled via a series of conformational states in living cells and operates autonomously with sustained cleavage activity. Other enzymes can also induce corresponding DzNano assembly with defined programming modules. These DzNanos not only can monitor enzyme catalysis in situ but also will enable the implementation of cellular stages, behaviors, and pathways for basic science, diagnostic, and therapeutic applications as genetic circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
| | - Min Bai
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
| | - Ke Cao
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
| | - Xiaowen Cao
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wei
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
| | - Na Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
| | - Jiang Li
- Division of Physical Biology & Bioimaging Center, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201800, P.R. China
| | - Lihua Wang
- Division of Physical Biology & Bioimaging Center, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201800, P.R. China
| | - Chunhai Fan
- Division of Physical Biology & Bioimaging Center, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201800, P.R. China
| | - Yongxi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
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45
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Chen J, Pan J, Chen S. A label-free and enzyme-free platform with a visible output for constructing versatile logic gates using caged G-quadruplex as the signal transducer. Chem Sci 2017; 9:300-306. [PMID: 29629099 PMCID: PMC5868315 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc04007e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A complete set of binary basic logic gates (OR, AND, NOR, NAND, INHIBT, IMPLICATION, XOR and XNOR) is realized on a label-free and enzyme-free sensing platform using caged G-quadruplex as the signal transducer. In the presence of an appropriate input, the temporarily blocked G-rich sequence in the hairpin DNA is released through cleavage by the synergetically-stabilized Mg2+-dependent DNAzyme which can be made to function via the input-guided cooperative conjunction of the DNAzyme subunits. In the presence of hemin, the unblocked G-quadruplex DNAzyme catalyzes the oxidation of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) by H2O2 to generate a colored readout signal which can be readily distinguished by the naked eye. This strategy is quite versatile and straightforward for logic operations. Two combinatorial gates (XOR + AND and XOR + NOR) are also successfully fabricated to demonstrate the modularity and scalability of the computing elements. The distinctive advantage of this logic system is that molecular events in aqueous solution could be translated into a color change which can be directly observed by the naked eye without resorting to any analytical instrumentation. Moreover, this work reveals a new route for the design of molecular logic gates that can be executed without any labeling and immobilization procedure or separation and washing step, which holds great promise for intelligent point-of-care diagnostics and in-field applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhua Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management , Guangdong Institute of Eco-environmental Science & Technology , Guangzhou 510650 , China .
| | - Jiafeng Pan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management , Guangdong Institute of Eco-environmental Science & Technology , Guangzhou 510650 , China .
| | - Shu Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management , Guangdong Institute of Eco-environmental Science & Technology , Guangzhou 510650 , China .
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46
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Xu X, Wang L, Huang Y, Gao W, Li K, Jiang W. Model-Guided Interface Probe Arrangement for Sensitive Protein Detection. Anal Chem 2016; 88:9885-9889. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b02972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Xu
- Key
Laboratory for Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Education Ministry,
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and ‡School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key
Laboratory for Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Education Ministry,
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and ‡School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Yongqi Huang
- Key
Laboratory for Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Education Ministry,
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and ‡School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Wushuang Gao
- Key
Laboratory for Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Education Ministry,
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and ‡School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Kan Li
- Key
Laboratory for Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Education Ministry,
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and ‡School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Key
Laboratory for Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Education Ministry,
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and ‡School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
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