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Hung CM, Wu CC, Yang YH, Chen BH, Lu CH, Chu CC, Cheng CH, Yang CY, Lin YD, Cheng CH, Chen JY, Ni IC, Wu CI, Yang SD, Chen HC, Chou PT. Repairing Interfacial Defects in Self-Assembled Monolayers for High-Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells and Organic Photovoltaics through the SAM@Pseudo-Planar Monolayer Strategy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2404725. [PMID: 39078745 PMCID: PMC11423173 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202404725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
Lately, carbazole-based self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) are widely employed as effective hole-selective layers (HSLs) in inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Nevertheless, these SAMs tend to aggregate in solvents due to their amphiphilic nature, hindering the formation of a monolayer on the ITO substrate and impeding effective passivation of deep defects in the perovskites. In this study, a series of new SAMs including DPA-B-PY, CBZ-B-PY, POZ-B-PY, POZ-PY, POZ-T-PY, and POZ-BT-PY are synthesized, which are employed as interfacial repairers and coated atop CNph SAM to form a robust CNph SAM@pseudo-planar monolayer as HSL in efficient inverted PSCs. The CNph SAM@pseudo-planar monolayer strategy enables a well-aligned interface with perovskites, synergistically promoting perovskite crystal growth, improving charge extraction/transport, and minimizing nonradiative interfacial recombination loss. As a result, the POZ-BT-PY-modified PSC realizes an impressively enhanced solar efficiency of up to 24.45% together with a fill factor of 82.63%. Furthermore, a wide bandgap PSC achieving over 19% efficiency. Upon treatment with the CNph SAM@pseudo-planar monolayer, also demonstrates a non-fullerene organic photovoltaics (OPVs) based on the PM6:BTP-eC9 blend, which achieves an efficiency of 17.07%. Importantly, these modified PSCs and OPVs all show remarkably improved stability under various testing conditions compared to their control counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieh-Ming Hung
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Emerging Materials and Advanced Devices, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106319, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chi Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Emerging Materials and Advanced Devices, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106319, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Emerging Materials and Advanced Devices, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106319, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Han Chen
- Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsuan Lu
- Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Che-Chun Chu
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Emerging Materials and Advanced Devices, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106319, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hao Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Emerging Materials and Advanced Devices, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106319, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yun Yang
- Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, Feng Chia University, Taichung, 407802, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Ding Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Emerging Materials and Advanced Devices, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106319, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hsuan Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Emerging Materials and Advanced Devices, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106319, Taiwan
| | - Jiann-Yeu Chen
- i-Center for Advanced Science and Technology (i-CAST), and Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture (IDCSA), National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402202, Taiwan
| | - I-Chih Ni
- Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106319, Taiwan
| | - Chih-I Wu
- Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106319, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Da Yang
- Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Hsieh-Chih Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 242062, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Tai Chou
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Emerging Materials and Advanced Devices, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106319, Taiwan
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Dakkouri M. A Theoretical Investigation of Novel Sila- and Germa-Spirocyclic Imines and Their Relevance for Electron-Transporting Materials and Drug Discovery. Molecules 2023; 28:6298. [PMID: 37687127 PMCID: PMC10489060 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A new class of spirocyclic imines (SCIs) has been theoretically investigated by applying a variety of quantum chemical methods and basis sets. The uniqueness of these compounds is depicted by various peculiarities, e.g., the incidence of planar six-membered rings each with two imine groups (two π bonds) and the incorporation of the isosteres carbon, silicon, or germanium spiro centers. Additional peculiarities of these novel SCIs are mirrored by their three-dimensionality, the simultaneous occurrence of nucleophilic and electrophilic centers, and the cross-hyperconjugative (spiro-conjugation) interactions, which provoke charge mobility along the spirocyclic scaffold. Substitution of SCIs with strong electron-withdrawing substituents, like the cyano group or fluorine, enhances their docking capability and impacts their reactivity and charge mobility. To gain thorough knowledge about the molecular properties of these SCIs, their structures have been optimized and various quantum chemical concepts and models were applied, e.g., full NBO analysis and the frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs) theory (HOMO-LUMO energy gap) and the chemical reactivity descriptors derived from them. For the assessment of the charge density distribution along the SCI framework, additional complementary quantum chemical methods were used, e.g., molecular electrostatic potential (MESP) and Bader's QTAIM. Additionally, using the aromaticity index NICS (nuclear independent chemical shift) and other criteria, it could be shown that the investigated cross-hyperconjugated sila and germa SCIs are spiro-aromatics of the Heilbronner Craig-type Möbius aromaticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwan Dakkouri
- Department of Electrochemistry, University of Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany
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3
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Li W, Wu C, Han X. Controlling Molecular Orientation of Small Molecular Dopant-Free Hole-Transport Materials: Toward Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28073076. [PMID: 37049838 PMCID: PMC10095671 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28073076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have great potential for future application. However, the commercialization of PSCs is limited by the prohibitively expensive and doped hole-transport materials (HTMs). In this regard, small molecular dopant-free HTMs are promising alternatives because of their low cost and high efficiency. However, these HTMs still have a lot of space for making further progress in both efficiency and stability. This review firstly provides outlining analyses about the important roles of molecular orientation when further enhancements in device efficiency and stability are concerned. Then, currently studied strategies to control molecular orientation in small molecular HTMs are presented. Finally, we propose an outlook aiming to obtain optimized molecular orientation in a cost-effective way.
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Lin K, Chen H, Liang H, Tan J, Zhou D, Zhang X, Liu F, Wang YH. Benzotriazole-EDOT electrochromic conjugated polymers perform sub-second response time and 774 cm2C-1 coloration efficiency. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj02879d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the effect of double fluorine substitution on the optical, electrochemical, thermodynamic, morphological and electrochromic properties of electrochromic polymers, two benzotriazole-EDOT electrochromic conjugated polymers of PBTz-E and P2F-BTz-E were...
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5
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Deng Z, Cui S, Kou K, Liang D, Shi X, Liu J. Dopant-Free π-Conjugated Hole Transport Materials for Highly Stable and Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells. Front Chem 2021; 9:664504. [PMID: 33816442 PMCID: PMC8012559 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.664504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Current high-efficiency hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been fabricated with doped hole transfer material (HTM), which has shown short-term stability. Doping applied in HTMs for PSCs can enhance the hole mobility and PSCs' power conversion efficiency, while the stability of PSCs will be significantly decreased due to inherent hygroscopic properties and chemical incompatibility. Development of dopant-free HTM with high hole mobility is a challenge and of utmost importance. In this review, a series of selected and typical π-conjugated dopant-free hole transport materials, mainly regarding small molecules, are reviewed, which could consequently help to further design high-performance dopant-free HTMs. In addition, an outline of the molecular design concept and also the perspective of ideal dopant-free HTMs were explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Deng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University (NWPU), Xi'an, China.,National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Slag Comprehensive Utilization and Environmental Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, China
| | - Shuaiwei Cui
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastic of Ministry of Education (QUST), School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Kaichang Kou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University (NWPU), Xi'an, China
| | - Dongxu Liang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastic of Ministry of Education (QUST), School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Xin Shi
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Slag Comprehensive Utilization and Environmental Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, China
| | - Jinhui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastic of Ministry of Education (QUST), School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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6
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Sun X, Wu F, Zhong C, Zhu L, Li Z. A structure-property study of fluoranthene-cored hole-transporting materials enables 19.3% efficiency in dopant-free perovskite solar cells. Chem Sci 2019; 10:6899-6907. [PMID: 31402973 PMCID: PMC6640200 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc01697j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A systematic structure–property correlation study was conducted to preliminarily elucidate an inherent regularity governing the structure of dopant-free HTMs.
To date, most of the prevailing organic hole-transporting materials (HTMs) used in perovskite solar cells (PVSCs), such as spiro-OMeTAD and PTAA, generally require a sophisticated doping process to ensure their reasonable hole-transporting properties. Unfortunately, the employed dopants/additives and the associated oxidation reactions have been shown to deteriorate the long-term device stability seriously. The exploitation of efficient and stable dopant-free HTMs is thus strongly desired for PVSCs. However, effective molecular design strategies for dopant-free HTMs are still lacking. Thus far, only a few of them yielded comparable performance to their doped counterparts, while their synthetic costs are still high. In this work, a new class of cost-effective small molecule dopant-free HTMs have been developed using readily available fluoranthene as the structural framework. The structure–property correlation of the fluoranthene-based HTMs was carefully investigated by tuning their structural geometry (linear vs. branched), connection between electron-donating and electron-withdrawing moieties (single bond vs. ethylene), and the substitution position of the methoxy side-groups (para- vs. meta-). As a result, the optimized molecule, FBA3, was demonstrated to serve as an efficient dopant-free HTM in a conventional PVSC to deliver an impressive power conversion efficiency of 19.27%, representing one of the best cost-effective dopant-free organic HTMs reported thus far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglang Sun
- Key Laboratory for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and Storage , Ministry of Education , School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , 430074 , P. R. China .
| | - Fei Wu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energy , Faculty of Materials & Energy , Southwest University , Chongqing , 400715 , P. R. China .
| | - Cheng Zhong
- Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan , 430072 , P. R. China
| | - Linna Zhu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energy , Faculty of Materials & Energy , Southwest University , Chongqing , 400715 , P. R. China .
| | - Zhong'an Li
- Key Laboratory for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and Storage , Ministry of Education , School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , 430074 , P. R. China .
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7
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Metallated Macrocyclic Derivatives as a Hole – Transporting Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells. CHEM REC 2019; 19:2157-2177. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201800171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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8
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Rout Y, Mobin SM, Misra R. Tetracyanobutadiene (TCBD) functionalized benzothiadiazole derivatives: effect of donor strength on the [2+2] cycloaddition–retroelectrocyclization reaction. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj01887e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of unsymmetrical and symmetrical mono/di 1,1,4,4-tetracyanobutadiene (TCBD) substituted benzothiadiazoles (BTDs) 2a–2g was synthesized by [2+2] cycloaddition–retroelectrocyclization reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogajivan Rout
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Indore
- Indore
- India
| | - Shaikh M. Mobin
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Indore
- Indore
- India
| | - Rajneesh Misra
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Indore
- Indore
- India
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9
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Díaz N, Jiménez-Grávalos F, Suárez D, Francisco E, Martín-Pendás Á. Fluorine conformational effects characterized by energy decomposition analysis. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:25258-25275. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp05009d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Fluorine associated classical and quantum effects are quantified by the interacting quantum atoms method to identify the factors controlling the conformation in organofluorine molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Díaz
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica
- Universidad de Oviedo
- 33006 Oviedo
- Spain
| | | | - Dimas Suárez
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica
- Universidad de Oviedo
- 33006 Oviedo
- Spain
| | - Evelio Francisco
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica
- Universidad de Oviedo
- 33006 Oviedo
- Spain
| | - Ángel Martín-Pendás
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica
- Universidad de Oviedo
- 33006 Oviedo
- Spain
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10
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Lin YS, Abate SY, Lai KW, Chu CW, Lin YD, Tao YT, Sun SS. New Helicene-Type Hole-Transporting Molecules for High-Performance and Durable Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:41439-41449. [PMID: 30406998 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b16601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Three azahelicene derivatives with electron-rich bis(4-methoxyphenyl)amino or bis( p-methoxyphenyl)aminophenyl groups at the terminals were deliberately designed, synthesized, and characterized as hole-transporting materials (HTMs) for perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Optical and thermal properties, energy level alignments, film morphologies, hole extraction ability, and hole mobility were studied in detail. PSCs using the newly synthesized molecules as HTMs were fabricated. A maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.34% was observed for the bis( p-methoxyphenyl)amino-substituted derivative (SY1) and 16.10% for the bis( p-methoxyphenyl)aminophenyl-substituted derivative (SY2). Longer-chain substituent such as hexyloxy group greatly diminishes the efficiency. In addition, the dopant-free devices fabricated with SY1 as the HTM shows an average PCE of 12.13%, which is significantly higher than that of spiro-OMeTAD (7.61%). The ambient long-term stability test revealed that after 500 h, the devices prepared from SY1 and SY2 retained more than 96% of its initial performance, which is much improved than the reference device with standard spiro-OMeTAD as the HTM under the same conditions. Detailed material cost analysis reveals that the material cost for SY1 is less than 8% of that for spiro-OMeTAD. These results provide a useful direction for designing a new class of HTMs to prepare highly efficient and more durable PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seid Yimer Abate
- Department of Applied Chemistry , National Chiao-Tung University , Hsinchu 300 , Taiwan , Republic of China
| | - Kuan-Wen Lai
- Research Center for Applied Sciences , Academia Sinica , Nankang, Taipei 11529 , Taiwan , Republic of China
| | - Chih-Wei Chu
- Research Center for Applied Sciences , Academia Sinica , Nankang, Taipei 11529 , Taiwan , Republic of China
| | - Yan-Duo Lin
- Department of Applied Chemistry , National Chiayi University , Chiayi 600 , Taiwan , Republic of China
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11
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Zhu Y, Han J, Wang J, Shibata N, Sodeoka M, Soloshonok VA, Coelho JAS, Toste FD. Modern Approaches for Asymmetric Construction of Carbon-Fluorine Quaternary Stereogenic Centers: Synthetic Challenges and Pharmaceutical Needs. Chem Rev 2018; 118:3887-3964. [PMID: 29608052 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 426] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
New methods for preparation of tailor-made fluorine-containing compounds are in extremely high demand in nearly every sector of chemical industry. The asymmetric construction of quaternary C-F stereogenic centers is the most synthetically challenging and, consequently, the least developed area of research. As a reflection of this apparent methodological deficit, pharmaceutical drugs featuring C-F stereogenic centers constitute less than 1% of all fluorine-containing medicines currently on the market or in clinical development. Here we provide a comprehensive review of current research activity in this area, including such general directions as asymmetric electrophilic fluorination via organocatalytic and transition-metal catalyzed reactions, asymmetric elaboration of fluorine-containing substrates via alkylations, Mannich, Michael, and aldol additions, cross-coupling reactions, and biocatalytic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials , Nanjing University , 210093 Nanjing , China
| | - Jianlin Han
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials , Nanjing University , 210093 Nanjing , China
| | - Jiandong Wang
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences & Department of Frontier Materials , Nagoya Institute of Technology , Gokiso, Showa-ku , Nagoya 466-8555 , Japan
| | - Norio Shibata
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences & Department of Frontier Materials , Nagoya Institute of Technology , Gokiso, Showa-ku , Nagoya 466-8555 , Japan
| | - Mikiko Sodeoka
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory , RIKEN, and RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resourse Science , 2-1 Hirosawa , Wako 351-0198 , Japan
| | - Vadim A Soloshonok
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry , University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU , 20018 San Sebastian , Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science , 48011 Bilbao , Spain
| | - Jaime A S Coelho
- Department of Chemistry , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - F Dean Toste
- Department of Chemistry , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
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12
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Sun X, Xue Q, Zhu Z, Xiao Q, Jiang K, Yip HL, Yan H, Li Z. Fluoranthene-based dopant-free hole transporting materials for efficient perovskite solar cells. Chem Sci 2018; 9:2698-2704. [PMID: 29732053 PMCID: PMC5914136 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc05484j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Significant efforts have been devoted to developing new dopant-free hole transporting materials (HTMs) for perovskite solar cells (PVSCs). Fluoranthene is one typical cyclopentene-fused polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with a rigid planarized structure, and thus could be an ideal building block to construct dopant-free HTMs, which have not been reported yet. Here, we report a new and simple synthetic method to prepare unreported 2,3-dicyano-fluoranthene through a Diels-Alder reaction between dibenzofulvene and tetracyanoethylene, and demonstrate that it can serve as an efficient electron-withdrawing unit for constructing donor-acceptor (D-A) type HTMs. This novel building block not only endows the resulting molecules with suitable energy levels, but also enables highly ordered and strong molecular packing in solid states, both of which could facilitate hole extraction and transport. Thus with dopant-free HTMs, impressive efficiencies of 18.03% and 17.01% which are associated with enhanced stability can be achieved based on conventional n-i-p and inverted p-i-n PVSCs respectively, outperforming most organic dopant-free HTMs reported so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglang Sun
- Key Laboratory for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and Storage , Ministry of Education , School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , 430074 , Wuhan , P. R. China .
| | - Qifan Xue
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices , State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices , South China University of Technology , 510006 , Guangzhou , P. R. China
| | - Zonglong Zhu
- Department of Chemistry , Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon , Hong Kong , China . ;
| | - Qi Xiao
- Key Laboratory for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and Storage , Ministry of Education , School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , 430074 , Wuhan , P. R. China .
| | - Kui Jiang
- Department of Chemistry , Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon , Hong Kong , China . ;
| | - Hin-Lap Yip
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices , State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices , South China University of Technology , 510006 , Guangzhou , P. R. China
| | - He Yan
- Department of Chemistry , Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon , Hong Kong , China . ;
| | - Zhong'an Li
- Key Laboratory for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and Storage , Ministry of Education , School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , 430074 , Wuhan , P. R. China .
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13
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Recent advances in the design of dopant-free hole transporting materials for highly efficient perovskite solar cells. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2017.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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14
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Heo JH, Park S, Im SH, Son HJ. Development of Dopant-Free Donor-Acceptor-type Hole Transporting Material for Highly Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:39511-39518. [PMID: 29064230 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b11938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In perovskite solar cells (PSCs), overlying hole transporting materials (HTMs) are important for achieving high efficiencies as well as protecting perovskite active layers from degradation factors. This study reports the synthesis of a dopant-free HTM based on a D'-A-D-A-D-A-D' (D, D': electron donor, A: electron acceptor) conjugated structure and incorporation of the HTM into a PSC. The resulting PSC exhibits a high efficiency of 17.3%, which is comparable to that of the device based on doped spiro-OMeTAD HTM, and exhibits much improved stability: without encapsulation, the PSC based on the new HTM was found to retain 80% of its initial performance over 500 h under the conditions of 60% relative humidity/1 sun light-soaking without encapsulation. The high performance is attributed to efficient hole-extraction/collection and hole transport. We demonstrate that the extended π-structure of the D'-A-D-A-D-A-D'-type HTM slows moisture intrusion and protects the perovskite layer better than smaller D-A-type molecules. The improved stability is primarily due to the hydrophobic nature of the HTM; the relatively large π-conjugated molecule forms denser films, which effectively decrease the spaces between the molecules and retard water intrusion. The dopant-free D-A-type HTM with an extended π-structure is effective not only in improving device efficiency, but also device stability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sungmin Park
- Photo-electronic Hybrids Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Hae Jung Son
- Photo-electronic Hybrids Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
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15
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D-A structural protean small molecule donor materials for solution-processed organic solar cells. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2017.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Kranthiraja K, Park SH, Kim H, Gunasekar K, Han G, Kim BJ, Kim CS, Kim S, Lee H, Nishikubo R, Saeki A, Jin SH, Song M. Accomplishment of Multifunctional π-Conjugated Polymers by Regulating the Degree of Side-Chain Fluorination for Efficient Dopant-Free Ambient-Stable Perovskite Solar Cells and Organic Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:36053-36060. [PMID: 28948780 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b09146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We present an efficient approach to develop a series of multifunctional π-conjugated polymers (P1-P3) by controlling the degree of fluorination (0F, 2F, and 4F) on the side chain linked to the benzodithiophene unit of the π-conjugated polymer. The most promising changes were noticed in optical, electrochemical, and morphological properties upon varying the degree of fluorine atoms on the side chain. The properly aligned energy levels with respect to the perovskite and PCBM prompted us to use them in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) as hole-transporting materials (HTMs) and in bulk heterojunction organic solar cells (BHJ OSCs) as photoactive donors. Interestingly, P2 (2F) and P3 (4F) showed an enhanced power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 14.94%, 10.35% compared to P1 (0F) (9.80%) in dopant-free PSCs. Similarly, P2 (2F) and P3 (4F) also showed improved PCE of 7.93% and 7.43%, respectively, compared to P1 (0F) (PCE of 4.35%) in BHJ OSCs. The high photvoltaic performance of the P2 and P3 based photovotaic devices over P1 are well correlated with their energy level alignment, charge transporting, morphological and packing properties, and hole transfer yields. In addition, the P1-P3 based dopant-free PSCs and BHJ OSCs showed an excellent ambient stability up to 30 days without a significant drop in their initial performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kakaraparthi Kranthiraja
- Department of Chemistry Education, Graduate Department of Chemical Materials, Institute for Plastic Information and Energy Materials, Pusan National University , Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Sang Ho Park
- Department of Chemistry Education, Graduate Department of Chemical Materials, Institute for Plastic Information and Energy Materials, Pusan National University , Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Hyunji Kim
- Department of Chemistry Education, Graduate Department of Chemical Materials, Institute for Plastic Information and Energy Materials, Pusan National University , Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Kumarasamy Gunasekar
- Department of Chemistry Education, Graduate Department of Chemical Materials, Institute for Plastic Information and Energy Materials, Pusan National University , Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Gibok Han
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - Bumjoon J Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - Chang Su Kim
- Surface Technology Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science , Changwon 641-831, Korea
| | - Soohyun Kim
- School of Advanced Materials Engineering, Kookmin University , Seoul 136-702, Korea
| | - Hyunjung Lee
- School of Advanced Materials Engineering, Kookmin University , Seoul 136-702, Korea
| | - Ryosuke Nishikubo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University , Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Akinori Saeki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University , Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Sung-Ho Jin
- Department of Chemistry Education, Graduate Department of Chemical Materials, Institute for Plastic Information and Energy Materials, Pusan National University , Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Myungkwan Song
- Surface Technology Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science , Changwon 641-831, Korea
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17
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Maiti B, Schubert A, Sarkar S, Bhandari S, Wang K, Li Z, Geva E, Twieg RJ, Dunietz BD. Enhancing charge mobilities in organic semiconductors by selective fluorination: a design approach based on a quantum mechanical perspective. Chem Sci 2017; 8:6947-6953. [PMID: 29147520 PMCID: PMC5642104 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc02491f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Selective fluorination of organic semiconducting molecules is proposed as a means to achieving enhanced hole mobility. Naphthalene is examined here as a root molecular system with fluorination performed at various sites. Our quantum chemical calculations show that selective fluorination can enhance attractive intermolecular interactions while reducing charge trapping. Those observations suggest a design principle whereby fluorination is utilized for achieving high charge mobilities in the crystalline form. The utility of this design principle is demonstrated through an application to perylene, which is an important building block of organic semiconducting materials. We also show that a quantum mechanical perspective of nuclear degrees of freedom is crucial for a reliable description of charge transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buddhadev Maiti
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Kent State University , Kent , OH 44242 , USA . ; ; r
| | - Alexander Schubert
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Kent State University , Kent , OH 44242 , USA . ; ; r
- Department of Chemistry , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , MI 48109 , USA .
| | - Sunandan Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Kent State University , Kent , OH 44242 , USA . ; ; r
| | - Srijana Bhandari
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Kent State University , Kent , OH 44242 , USA . ; ; r
| | - Kunlun Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Kent State University , Kent , OH 44242 , USA . ; ; r
| | - Zhe Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Kent State University , Kent , OH 44242 , USA . ; ; r
| | - Eitan Geva
- Department of Chemistry , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , MI 48109 , USA .
| | - Robert J Twieg
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Kent State University , Kent , OH 44242 , USA . ; ; r
| | - Barry D Dunietz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Kent State University , Kent , OH 44242 , USA . ; ; r
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18
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Cao H, Brettell-Adams IA, Qu F, Rupar PA. Bridged Difurans: Stabilizing Furan with p-Block Elements. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongda Cao
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0036, United States
| | - Ian A. Brettell-Adams
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0036, United States
| | - Fengrui Qu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0036, United States
| | - Paul A. Rupar
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0036, United States
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19
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Abstract
Heterocyclic molecules incorporating fluorinated isoquinoline components are found in many medicinally and agriculturally important bioactive products as well as industrially impactful materials. Within the past decade, a variety of isoquinolinic ring assembly techniques has enabled the introduction of diverse fluorine-containing functionalities which can enhance potential bioactivity and industrial utility. This review examines recent noncatalyzed and transition metal catalyzed synthetic approaches to the assembly of isoquinoline derivatives that are ring-fluorinated and/or result in the incorporation of fluorine-containing functional groups. Specifically, efficient synthetic methods and regioselectivity in the incorporation of functional groups into isoquinoline ring systems are examined.
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