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Chao AC, Lee TH, Pettigrew LC, Hannawi Y, Huang HY, Chi NF, Chan L, Chen PL, Devlin T. Intravenous Odatroltide for Acute Ischemic Stroke Within 24 Hours of Onset: A Phase 2, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:2033-2042. [PMID: 38859883 PMCID: PMC11164084 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s460831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Odatroltide (LT3001), a novel small synthetic peptide molecule designed to recanalize occluded blood vessels and reduce reperfusion injury, is safe and efficacious in multiple embolic stroke animal models. This study aimed to investigate the safety and tolerability of intravenous administration of odatroltide in patients with acute ischemic stroke within 24 hours of onset. Patients and Methods Patients with National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS 4-30) who were untreated with intravenous thrombolysis or endovascular thrombectomy were randomized (2:1) to receive a single dose of odatroltide (0.025 mg/kg) or placebo within 24 hours of stroke symptom onset. The primary safety outcome was symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) occurrence within 36 hours. Results Twenty-four patients were enrolled and randomized; of these 16 and 8 received intravenous odatroltide infusion and placebo, respectively. sICH did not occur in both groups, and other safety measures were comparable between the groups. The rate of excellent functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale score, 0-1, at 90 days) was 21% and 14% in the odatroltide and placebo groups, respectively. Furthermore, 47% and 14% of patients in the odatroltide and placebo groups, respectively, showed major neurological improvement (NIHSS improvement ≥4 points from baseline to 30 days). Among the 9 odatroltide-treated patients with baseline NIHSS ≥6, 78% showed major neurological improvement. Conclusion Compared with placebo, treatment with intravenous odatroltide within 24 hours following onset of ischemic stroke appears to be safe and may be associated with better neurological and functional outcomes. However, the efficacy and safety of odatroltide requires further confirmation in the next phase of clinical trials. Clinical Trial Registration Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT04091945.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-Ching Chao
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tsong-Hai Lee
- Stroke Center and Department of Neurology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Luther C Pettigrew
- Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky Chandler Medical Center, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Yousef Hannawi
- Division of Cerebrovascular Diseases and Neurocritical Care, Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Hung-Yu Huang
- Department of Neurology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Nai-Fang Chi
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lung Chan
- Department of Neurology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Lin Chen
- Division of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Thomas Devlin
- CHI Memorial Neuroscience Institute, Chattanooga, TN, USA
- Department of Neurology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Zhu D, Lu Y, Gui L, Wang W, Hu X, Chen S, Wang Y, Wang Y. Self-assembling, pH-responsive nanoflowers for inhibiting PAD4 and neutrophil extracellular trap formation and improving the tumor immune microenvironment. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:2592-2608. [PMID: 35646534 PMCID: PMC9136569 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-assembling carrier-free nanodrugs are attractive agents because they accumulate at tumor by an enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect without introduction of inactive substances, and some nanodrugs can alter the immune environment. We synthesized a peptidyl arginine deiminase 4 (PAD4) molecular inhibitor, ZD-E-1M. It could self-assembled into nanodrug ZD-E-1. Using confocal laser scanning microscopy, we observed its cellular colocalization, PAD4 activity and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation. The populations of immune cells and expression of immune-related proteins were determined by single-cell mass cytometry. ZD-E-1 formed nanoflowers in an acidic environment, whereas it formed nanospheres at pH 7.4. Accumulation of ZD-E-1 at tumor was pH-responsive because of its pH-dependent differences in the size and shape. It could enter the nucleus and bind to PAD4 to prolong the intracellular retention time. In mice, ZD-E-1 inhibited tumor growth and metastasis by inhibiting PAD4 activity and NETs formation. Besides, ZD-E-1 could regulate the ratio of immune cells in LLC tumor-bearing mice. Immunosuppressive proteins like LAG3 were suppressed, while IFN-γ and TNF-α as stimulators of tumor immune response were upregulated. Overall, ZD-E-1 is a self-assembling carrier-free nanodrug that responds to pH, inhibits PAD4 activity, blocks neutrophil extracellular traps formation, and improves the tumor immune microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yu Lu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Lin Gui
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xi Hu
- Quantum Design China Ltd., Universal Business Park, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Su Chen
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yanming Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Yuji Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing 100069, China
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Lu Y, Zhu D, Gui L, Li Y, Wang W, Liu J, Wang Y. A dual-targeting ruthenium nanodrug that inhibits primary tumor growth and lung metastasis via the PARP/ATM pathway. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:115. [PMID: 33892746 PMCID: PMC8063440 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-00799-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many studies have found that ruthenium complexes possess unique biochemical characteristics and inhibit tumor growth or metastasis. Results Here, we report the novel dual-targeting ruthenium candidate 2b, which has both antitumor and antimetastatic properties and targets tumor sites through the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect and transferrin/transferrin receptor (TF/TFR) interaction. The candidate 2b is composed of ruthenium-complexed carboline acid and four chloride ions. In vitro, 2b triggered DNA cleavage and thus blocked cell cycle progression and induced apoptosis via the PARP/ATM pathway. In vivo,2b inhibited not only Lewis lung cancer (LLC) tumor growth but also lung metastasis. We detected apoptosis and decreased CD31 expression in tumor tissues, and ruthenium accumulated in the primary tumor tissue of C57BL/6 mice implanted with LLC cells. Conclusions Thus, we conclude that 2b targets tumors, inhibits tumor growth and prevents lung metastasis.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Lu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, 10 Xi Tou Tiao, You An Men, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Zhu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, 10 Xi Tou Tiao, You An Men, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Gui
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, 10 Xi Tou Tiao, You An Men, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanming Li
- Minimally Invasive Tumor Therapies Center, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiawang Liu
- Medicinal Chemistry Core, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 579 College of Pharmacy Building, 881 Madison Avenue, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Yuji Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, 10 Xi Tou Tiao, You An Men, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China. .,Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.
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Emerging nanotherapeutics for antithrombotic treatment. Biomaterials 2020; 255:120200. [PMID: 32563945 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Thrombus causes insufficient blood flow and ischemia damages to brain and heart, leading to life-threatening cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. Development of efficient antithrombotic strategies has long been a high priority, owing to the high morbidity and mortality of thrombotic diseases. With the rapid development of biomedical nanotechnology in diagnosis and treatment of thrombotic disorder, remarkable progresses have been made in antithrombotic nanomedicines in recent years. Herein, we outline the recent advances in this field at the intersection of thrombus theranostics and biomedical nanotechnology. First, thrombus diagnosis techniques based on biomedical nanotechnology are presented. Then, emerging antithrombotic nanotherapeutics are overviewed, including thrombus-targeting strategies, thrombus stimuli-responsive nanosystems and phase transition-driven nanotherapeutics. Furthermore, multifunctional nanosystems for combination theranostics of thrombotic diseases are discussed. Finally, the design considerations, advantages and challenges of these biomedical nanotechnology-driven therapeutics in clinical translation are highlighted.
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Heptapeptide-based modification leading to enhancing the action of MTCA on activated platelets, P-selectin, GPIIb/IIIa. Future Med Chem 2018; 10:1957-1970. [PMID: 29973078 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2018-0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The modification of platelet inhibitor to enhance its targeting capacity toward platelets is of clinical importance. Thus, (1R, 3S)-1-methyl-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydro-β-carboline-3-carboxylic acid (MTCA), a platelet inhibitor, was modified with Lys(Pro-Ala-Lys)-Arg-Gly-Asp-Val (KKV), platelet targeting peptide, to form MTCA-KKV. MATERIALS & METHODS MTCA and MTCA-KKV were synthesized to identify the effect of KKV modification on MTCA and platelets. RESULTS Atomic force microscopy imaged MTCA-KKV effectively accumulated on activated platelets. UV spectra showed that MTCA-KKV concentration dependently changed P-selectin and GPIIb/IIIa conformations. For platelet aggregation, the IC50 of MTCA-KKV was approximately 1/10 folds of MTCA. CONCLUSION KKV modification led to forming MTCA-KKV that is superior to MTCA in terms of accumulating on activated platelets, targeting P-selectin and GPIIb/IIIa and inhibiting platelet aggregation. MTCA-KKV could be a promising lead for further investigation.
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Zhu H, Wang Y, Song C, Feng Q, Wu J, Zhao S, Gui L, Zhang X, Zhao M, Peng S. Docking of THPDTPI: to explore P-selectin as a common target of anti-tumor, anti-thrombotic and anti-inflammatory agent. Oncotarget 2018; 9:268-281. [PMID: 29416612 PMCID: PMC5787463 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The impact of soluble P-selectin on tumor growth, thrombosis and inflammation has been individually documented. Whether the down-regulation of P-selectin expression can simultaneously slow the tumor growth, inhibit the thrombosis and attenuate the inflammatory response remains unknown. In this context, (2'S,5'S)- tetrahydropyrazino[1',2':1,6]-di{2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole}-1',4'-dione (THPDTPI) was designed as an inhibitor of P-selectin. The suitable docking of THPDTPI towards the active site of P-selectin, the significant down-regulation of THPDTPI to P-selectin expression, and the direct action of THPDTPI on P-selectin suggest that P-selectin could be a target of THPDTPI. In vivo THPDTPI possesses the anti-tumor activity, the anti-thrombotic activity and the anti-inflammatory activity. This implies that targeting P-selectin is of essential importance for this triple activity. The minimal effective doses of THPDTPI inhibiting the tumor growth, the rat arterial thrombosis and the mouse ear edema are 0.01 μmol/kg, 0.1 μmol/kg and 0.001 μmol/kg, respectively. Atomic force microscopy images and FT-MS spectra showed that the adhesion of THPDTPI onto the surfaces of the platelets may be the first step of P-selectin targeting. Besides, the dependence of the triple action of THPDTPI inhibiting the tumor growth, the thrombosis and the inflammation on the decrease of the soluble P-selectin led to the correlation of the soluble P-selectin with the serum TNF-α and serum IL-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haimei Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, China
| | - Yuji Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Beijing, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, China
| | - Ce Song
- Guangxi Pusen Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Guilin, China
| | - Qiqi Feng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, China
| | - Jianhui Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Beijing, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, China
| | - Shurui Zhao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Gui
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Beijing, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyi Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Beijing, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Beijing, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, China
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shiqi Peng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Beijing, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, China
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Wu J, Zhu H, Yang G, Wang Y, Wang Y, Zhao S, Zhao M, Peng S. IQCA-TAVV: To explore the effect of P-selectin, GPIIb/IIIa, IL-2, IL-6 and IL-8 on deep venous thrombosis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:91391-91401. [PMID: 29207652 PMCID: PMC5710932 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) associates with considerable morbidity, functional disability and mortality. Due to the lack of suitable inhibitor the correlation of various factors in DVT onset remains unknown. In this context we analyzed the structure of anti-platelet aggregation agent, P-selectin down-regulator, GPIIb/IIIa down-regulator and anti-inflammatory agent, thereby designed N-(3S-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carbonyl)- Thr-Ala-Arg-Gly-Asp(Val)-Val (IQCA-TAVV) as an inhibitor of DVT to receive evaluations. The docking predicted that IQCA-TAVV can target P-selectin and GPIIb/IIIa. The UV showed that IQCA-TAVV can act on P-selectin and GPIIb/IIIa. ELISA indicated that IQCA-TAVV concentration dependently inhibited activated platelets to express P-selectin and GPIIb/IIIa, and the minimal effective concentration was 1 nM. IC50 of IQCA-TAVV against platelet aggregation induced by arachidonic acid, adenosine diphosphate and platelet activating factor fell within a range of 0.13 nM to 0.30 nM. In vivo IQCA-TAVV dose-dependently inhibited venous thrombosis and the minimal effective dose was 1 nmol/kg. On ear edema model the anti-inflammation activity of 10 nmol/kg IQCA-TAVV equaled that of 1.1mmol/kg aspirin. The concentration of IL-2, IL-6 and IL-8 in the serum of the ear edema mice were also significantly decreased by 10 nmol/kg IQCA-TAVV. Even at 1 μmol/kg of dose IQCA-TAVV still did not injure the kidney, the liver, and the nerves of healthy mice. Thereby IQCA-TAVV depicts a relationship of three levels (inhibiting platelet activation, targeting externalized membrane receptor, decreasing serum inflammatory factor) for the down-regulation of P-selectin, GPIIb/IIIa, IL-2, IL-6 and IL-8 in DVT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Wu
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Haimei Zhu
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Guodong Yang
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yuji Wang
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yaonan Wang
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Shurui Zhao
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shiqi Peng
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
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Wu J, Zhu H, Zhao M, Wang Y, Yang G, Wang Y, Zhao S, Gui L, Zhang X, Peng S. IQCA-TASS: a nano-scaled P-selectin inhibitor capable of targeting thrombus and releasing IQCA/TARGD(S)S in vivo. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:917-927. [DOI: 10.1039/c6tb02705a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Thrombosis is a serious threat to human health worldwide. Tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid (IQCA) is an antithrombotic agent, while Thr-Ala-Arg-Gly-Asp(Ser)-Ser (TASS) can target thrombus.
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