1
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Hasan ML, Lee JR, Rahaman KA, Yang DH, Joung YK. Versatile effects of galectin-1 protein-containing lipid bilayer coating for cardiovascular applications. Bioact Mater 2024; 42:207-225. [PMID: 39285911 PMCID: PMC11403261 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Modulating inflammatory cells in an implantation site leads to severe complications and still unsolved challenges for blood-contacting medical devices. Inspired by the role of galectin-1 (Gal-1) in selective functions on multiple cells and immunomodulatory processes, we prepared a biologically target-specific surface coated with the lipid bilayer containing Gal-1 (Gal-1-SLB) and investigate the proof of the biological effects. First, lipoamido-dPEG-acid was deposited on a gold-coated substrate to form a self-assembled monolayer and then conjugated dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE) onto that to produce a lower leaflet of the supported lipid bilayer (SLB) before fusing membrane-derived vesicles extracted from B16-F10 cells. The Gal-1-SLB showed the expected anti-fouling activity by revealing the resistance to protein adsorption and bacterial adhesion. In vitro studies showed that the Gal-1-SLB can promote endothelial function and inhibit smooth muscle cell proliferation. Moreover, Gal-1- SLB presents potential function for endothelial cell migration and angiogenic activities. In vitro macrophage culture studies showed that the Gal-1-SLB attenuated the LPS-induced inflammation and the production of macrophage-secreted inflammatory cytokines. Finally, the implanted Gal-1-SLB reduced the infiltration of immune cells at the tissue-implant interface and increased markers for M2 polarization and blood vessel formation in vivo. This straightforward surface coating with Gal-1 can be a useful strategy for modulating the vascular and immune cells around a blood-contacting device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Lemon Hasan
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, University of Science and Technology (UST), 113 Gwahangno, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Ro Lee
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Khandoker Asiqur Rahaman
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Hyeok Yang
- Institute of Cell and Tissue Engineering, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Ki Joung
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, University of Science and Technology (UST), 113 Gwahangno, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
- KHU-KIST Department of Conversing Science and Technology, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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2
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Nguyen DT, Pant J, Sapkota A, Goudie MJ, Singha P, Brisbois EJ, Handa H. Instant clot forming and antibacterial wound dressings: Achieving hemostasis in trauma injuries with S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine-tranexamic acid-propolis formulation. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:1930-1940. [PMID: 38769626 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Wound infection and excessive blood loss are the two major challenges associated with trauma injuries that account for 10% of annual deaths in the United States. Nitric oxide (NO) is a gasotransmitter cell signaling molecule that plays a crucial role in the natural wound healing process due to its antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, cell proliferation, and tissue remodeling abilities. Tranexamic acid (TXA), a prothrombotic agent, has been used topically and systemically to control blood loss in reported cases of epistaxis and combat-related trauma injuries. Its properties could be incorporated in wound dressings to induce immediate clot formation, which is a key factor in controlling excessive blood loss. This study introduces a novel, instant clot-forming NO-releasing dressing, and fabricated using a strategic bi-layer configuration. The layer adjacent to the wound was designed with TXA suspended on a resinous bed of propolis, which is a natural bioadhesive possessing antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. The base layer, located furthest away from the wound, has an NO donor, S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP), embedded in a polymeric bed of Carbosil®, a copolymer of polycarbonate urethane and silicone. Propolis was integrated with a uniform layer of TXA in variable concentrations: 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5 vol % of propolis. This design of the TXA-SNAP-propolis (T-SP) wound dressing allows TXA to form a more stable clot by preventing the lysis of fibrin. The lactate dehydrogenase-based platelet adhesion assay showed an increase in fibrin activation with 7.5% T-SP as compared with control within the first 15 min of its application. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) confirmed the presence of a dense fibrin network stabilizing the clot for fabricated dressing. The antibacterial activity of NO and propolis resulted in a 98.9 ± 1% and 99.4 ± 1% reduction in the colony-forming unit of Staphylococcus aureus and multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, respectively, which puts forward the fabricated dressing as an emergency first aid for traumatic injuries, preventing excessive blood loss and soil-borne infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieu Thao Nguyen
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Jitendra Pant
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Aasma Sapkota
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Marcus James Goudie
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Priyadarshini Singha
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Brisbois
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Hitesh Handa
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
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3
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Fan D, Liu X, Chen H. Endothelium-Mimicking Materials: A "Rising Star" for Antithrombosis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 39344055 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c12117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
The advancement of antithrombotic materials has significantly mitigated the thrombosis issue in clinical applications involving various medical implants. Extensive research has been dedicated over the past few decades to developing blood-contacting materials with complete resistance to thrombosis. However, despite these advancements, the risk of thrombosis and other complications persists when these materials are implanted in the human body. Consequently, the modification and enhancement of antithrombotic materials remain pivotal in 21st-century hemocompatibility studies. Previous research indicates that the healthy endothelial cells (ECs) layer is uniquely compatible with blood. Inspired by bionics, scientists have initiated the development of materials that emulate the hemocompatible properties of ECs by replicating their diverse antithrombotic mechanisms. This review elucidates the antithrombotic mechanisms of ECs and examines the endothelium-mimicking materials developed through single, dual-functional and multifunctional strategies, focusing on nitric oxide release, fibrinolytic function, glycosaminoglycan modification, and surface topography modification. These materials have demonstrated outstanding antithrombotic performance. Finally, the review outlines potential future research directions in this dynamic field, aiming to advance the development of antithrombotic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duanqi Fan
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Hong Chen
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
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4
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Wu Q, Guo S, Liang X, Sun W, Lei J, Pan L, Liu X, Chen H. Endothelium-Inspired Hemocompatible Silicone Surfaces: An Elegant Balance between Antifouling Properties and Endothelial Cell Selectivity. Biomacromolecules 2024. [PMID: 39190804 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
To address the adverse reactions caused by the implantation of blood-contacting materials, researchers have developed different strategies, of which mimicking multiple key features of endothelial cells is the most effective. However, simultaneously immobilizing multiple chemical components on a single material surface and maintaining the effects of individual components are challenging. In this work, endothelium-mimicking silicone surfaces were developed by incorporating the antifouling polymer poly(oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate), the glycosaminoglycan analog poly(sodium 4-vinyl-benzenesulfonate) and a nitric oxide catalyst (selenocystamine dihydrochloride). Through the rational regulation of multiple chemical components, the surfaces harmoniously resisted nonspecific protein adsorption, platelet adhesion and activation and smooth muscle cell hyperproliferation while promoting endothelial cell proliferation and migration. The coculture experiment with HUVECs and HUVSMCs showed that the optimum selectivity of HUVECs/HUVSMCs was ∼1.7. This work contributes insight into the control of antifouling properties and endothelial selectivity, providing a new avenue for the development of blood-contacting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiulian Wu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Shuaihang Guo
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Xinyi Liang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Wei Sun
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Jiao Lei
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Lisha Pan
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Hong Chen
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
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5
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Wang X, Chan V, Corridon PR. Acellular Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts from Polymers: Methods, Achievements, Characterization, and Challenges. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:4825. [PMID: 36432950 PMCID: PMC9695055 DOI: 10.3390/polym14224825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive and permanent damage to the vasculature leading to different pathogenesis calls for developing innovative therapeutics, including drugs, medical devices, and cell therapies. Innovative strategies to engineer bioartificial/biomimetic vessels have been extensively exploited as an effective replacement for vessels that have seriously malfunctioned. However, further studies in polymer chemistry, additive manufacturing, and rapid prototyping are required to generate highly engineered vascular segments that can be effectively integrated into the existing vasculature of patients. One recently developed approach involves designing and fabricating acellular vessel equivalents from novel polymeric materials. This review aims to assess the design criteria, engineering factors, and innovative approaches for the fabrication and characterization of biomimetic macro- and micro-scale vessels. At the same time, the engineering correlation between the physical properties of the polymer and biological functionalities of multiscale acellular vascular segments are thoroughly elucidated. Moreover, several emerging characterization techniques for probing the mechanical properties of tissue-engineered vascular grafts are revealed. Finally, significant challenges to the clinical transformation of the highly promising engineered vessels derived from polymers are identified, and unique perspectives on future research directions are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Healthcare Engineering Innovation Center, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Immunology and Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Vincent Chan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Healthcare Engineering Innovation Center, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Peter R. Corridon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Healthcare Engineering Innovation Center, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Immunology and Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
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6
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Zhou L, Zhang L, Li P, Maitz MF, Wang K, Shang T, Dai S, Fu Y, Zhao Y, Yang Z, Wang J, Li X. Adhesive and Self-Healing Polyurethanes with Tunable Multifunctionality. RESEARCH 2022; 2022:9795682. [PMID: 36349335 PMCID: PMC9639449 DOI: 10.34133/2022/9795682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Many polyurethanes (PUs) are blood-contacting materials due to their good mechanical properties, fatigue resistance, cytocompatibility, biosafety, and relatively good hemocompatibility. Further functionalization of the PUs using chemical synthetic methods is especially attractive for expanding their applications. Herein, a series of catechol functionalized PU (C-PU-PTMEG) elastomers containing variable molecular weight of polytetramethylene ether glycol (PTMEG) soft segment are reported by stepwise polymerization and further introduction of catechol. Tailoring the molecular weight of PTMEG fragment enables a regulable catechol content, mobility of the chain segment, hydrogen bond and microphase separation of the C-PU-PTMEG elastomers, thus offering tunability of mechanical strength (such as breaking strength from 1.3 MPa to 5.7 MPa), adhesion, self-healing efficiency (from 14.9% to 96.7% within 2 hours), anticoagulant, antioxidation, anti-inflammatory properties and cellular growth behavior. As cardiovascular stent coatings, the C-PU-PTMEGs demonstrate enough flexibility to withstand deformation during the balloon dilation procedure. Of special importance is that the C-PU-PTMEG-coated surfaces show the ability to rapidly scavenge free radicals to maintain normal growth of endothelial cells, inhibit smooth muscle cell proliferation, mediate inflammatory response, and reduce thrombus formation. With the universality of surface adhesion and tunable multifunctionality, these novel C-PU-PTMEG elastomers should find potential usage in artificial heart valves and surface engineering of stents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Department of Cardiology, Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu Affiliated to Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031 Sichuan, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Department of Cardiology, Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu Affiliated to Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031 Sichuan, China
| | - Peichuang Li
- Heze Branch, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Biological Engineering Technology Innovation Center of Shandong Province, Heze 274000, China
| | - Manfred F. Maitz
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Department of Cardiology, Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu Affiliated to Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031 Sichuan, China
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden, Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Kebing Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Department of Cardiology, Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu Affiliated to Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031 Sichuan, China
| | - Tengda Shang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Department of Cardiology, Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu Affiliated to Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031 Sichuan, China
| | - Sheng Dai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Department of Cardiology, Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu Affiliated to Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031 Sichuan, China
| | - Yudie Fu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Department of Cardiology, Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu Affiliated to Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031 Sichuan, China
| | - Yuancong Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Department of Cardiology, Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu Affiliated to Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031 Sichuan, China
| | - Zhilu Yang
- Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523059, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Jin Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Department of Cardiology, Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu Affiliated to Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031 Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Department of Cardiology, Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu Affiliated to Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031 Sichuan, China
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7
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Beurton J, Boudier A, Barozzi Seabra A, Vrana NE, Clarot I, Lavalle P. Nitric Oxide Delivering Surfaces: An Overview of Functionalization Strategies and Efficiency Progress. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2102692. [PMID: 35358359 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202102692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
An overview on the design of nitric oxide (NO) delivering surfaces for biomedical purposes is provided, with a focus on the advances of the past 5 years. A localized supply of NO is of a particular interest due to the pleiotropic biological effects of this diatomic compound. Depending on the generated NO flux, the surface can mimic a physiological release profile to provide an activity on the vascular endothelium or an antibacterial activity. Three requirements are considered to describe the various strategies leading to a surface delivering NO. Firstly, the coating must be selected in accordance with the properties of the substrate (nature, shape, dimensions…). Secondly, the releasing and/or generating kinetics of NO should match the targeted biological application. Currently, the most promising structures are developed to provide an adaptable NO supply driven by pathophysiological needs. Finally, the biocompatibility and the stability of the surface must also be considered regarding the expected residence time of the device. A critical point of view is proposed to help readers in the design of the NO delivering surface according to its expected requirement and therapeutic purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Beurton
- Université de Lorraine CITHEFOR Nancy F‐54000 France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Inserm UMR_S 1121 Biomaterials and Bioengineering Strasbourg F‐67085 France
- Université de Strasbourg Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire de Strasbourg Strasbourg F‐67000 France
| | | | - Amedea Barozzi Seabra
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH) Federal University of ABC (UFABC) Santo André SP CEP 09210‐580 Brazil
| | | | - Igor Clarot
- Université de Lorraine CITHEFOR Nancy F‐54000 France
| | - Philippe Lavalle
- Université de Strasbourg Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire de Strasbourg Strasbourg F‐67000 France
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH) Federal University of ABC (UFABC) Santo André SP CEP 09210‐580 Brazil
- SPARTHA Medical 14B Rue de la Canardiere Strasbourg 67100 France
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8
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Niu Y, Galluzzi M. Hyaluronic Acid/Collagen Nanofiber Tubular Scaffolds Support Endothelial Cell Proliferation, Phenotypic Shape and Endothelialization. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:2334. [PMID: 34578649 PMCID: PMC8471775 DOI: 10.3390/nano11092334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we designed and synthetized artificial vascular scaffolds based on nanofibers of collagen functionalized with hyaluronic acid (HA) in order to direct the phenotypic shape, proliferation, and complete endothelization of mouse primary aortic endothelial cells (PAECs). Layered tubular HA/collagen nanofibers were prepared using electrospinning and crosslinking process. The obtained scaffold is composed of a thin inner layer and a thick outer layer that structurally mimic the layer the intima and media layers of the native blood vessels, respectively. Compared with the pure tubular collagen nanofibers, the surface of HA functionalized collagen nanofibers has higher anisotropic wettability and mechanical flexibility. HA/collagen nanofibers can significantly promote the elongation, proliferation and phenotypic shape expression of PAECs. In vitro co-culture of mouse PAECs and their corresponding smooth muscle cells (SMCs) showed that the luminal endothelialization governs the biophysical integrity of the newly formed extracellular matrix (e.g., collagen and elastin fibers) and structural remodeling of SMCs. Furthermore, in vitro hemocompatibility assays indicated that HA/collagen nanofibers have no detectable degree of hemolysis and coagulation, suggesting their promise as engineered vascular implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Niu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Massimiliano Galluzzi
- Materials Interfaces Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China;
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9
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Pepe A, Guevara MG, Abraham GA, Caracciolo PC. Lysine-oligoether-modified electrospun poly(carbonate urethane) matrices for improving hemocompatibility response. Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-021-00534-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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10
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Li Y, Sun W, Zhang A, Jin S, Liang X, Tang Z, Liu X, Chen H. Vascular cell behavior on heparin-like polymers modified silicone surfaces: The prominent role of the lotus leaf-like topography. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 603:501-510. [PMID: 34197993 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.06.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Vascular cell behavior on material surfaces, such as heparin-like polymers, can be affected by the surface chemical composition and surface topological structure. In this study, the effects of heparin-like polymers and lotus leaf-like topography on surface vascular cell behavior are considered. By combining multicomponent thermo-curing and replica molding, a polydimethylsiloxane surface containing bromine (PDMS-Br) with lotus leaf-like topography is obtained. Heparin-like polymers with different chemical compositions are grafted onto PDMS-Br surfaces using visible-light-induced graft polymerization. Compared with unmodified PDMS-Br, surfaces modified by sulfonate-containing polymers are more friendly to vascular cells, while those modified by a glyco-polymer are much more resistant to vascular cells. The introduction of lotus leaf-like topography results in different degrees of decrease in cell density on different heparin-like polymer-modified surfaces. In addition, the combination of heparin-like polymers and lotus leaf-like topography results in the change in protein adsorption, indicating that the two factors may affect the surface vascular cell behavior by affecting the adsorption of relative proteins. The combination of bionic surface topography and different chemical components of heparin-like polymers on material surfaces suggests a new way of engineering cell-material interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuepeng Li
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Wei Sun
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Aiyang Zhang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Jin
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xinyi Liang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Zengchao Tang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China; Jiangsu Biosurf Biotech Company Ltd., Building 26, Dongjing industrial square, No.1, Jintian Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Hong Chen
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
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11
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Dou J, Li P, Zhao Y, Zhou L, Li X, Wang J, Huang N. Copper‐mediated polyurethane materials with enzyme‐like catalysis for biocompatibility improvement in blood environments. BIOSURFACE AND BIOTRIBOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1049/bsb2.12009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Dou
- Key Lab of Advanced Technology for Materials of Education Ministry Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu China
| | - Peichuang Li
- Key Lab of Advanced Technology for Materials of Education Ministry Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu China
- Heze Branch Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Biological Engineering Technology Innovation Center of Shandong Province Heze China
| | - Yuancong Zhao
- Key Lab of Advanced Technology for Materials of Education Ministry Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Key Lab of Advanced Technology for Materials of Education Ministry Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu China
| | - Xin Li
- Key Lab of Advanced Technology for Materials of Education Ministry Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu China
| | - Jin Wang
- Key Lab of Advanced Technology for Materials of Education Ministry Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu China
| | - Nan Huang
- Key Lab of Advanced Technology for Materials of Education Ministry Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu China
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12
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Sun W, Jin S, Zhang A, Huang J, Li Y, Liu X, Chen H. Vascular cell responses to silicone surfaces grafted with heparin-like polymers: surface chemical composition vs. topographic patterning. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:9151-9161. [PMID: 32945818 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb01000f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Heparin-like polymers are promising synthetic materials with biological functionalities, such as anticoagulant ability, growth factor binding to regulate cellular functions, and inflammation mediation, similar to heparin. The biocompatibility of heparin-like polymers with well-defined chemical structures has inspired many researchers to design heparin-like surfaces to explore their biological applications. The concept of the recombination of functional heparin structural units (sulfonate- and glyco-containing units) was proven to be successful in designing heparin-mimicking surfaces. However, besides surface structural units, topographic patterning is also an important contributor to the biological activity of the surfaces modified with heparin-like polymers. In this work, both surface structural units and topographic patterning were taken into account to investigate the vascular cell behaviors on the silicone surfaces. A facile method for the production of patterned bromine-containing polydimethylsiloxane surface (PDMS-Br) was developed from a one-step multicomponent thermocuring procedure and replica molding using a nanohole-arrayed silicon template. Different structural units of heparin-like polymers, i.e. homopolymer of sulfonate-containing sodium 4-vinylbenzenesulfonate (pSS), homopolymer of glyco-containing 2-(methacrylamido)glucopyranose (pMAG), and copolymers of MAG and SS (pSG), were then introduced on the flat and patterned PDMS-Br surface using visible light-induced graft polymerization. For the flat surfaces, compared with the PDMS-Br surface, pSS-grafted and pSG-grafted surfaces significantly increased cell densities of both human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and human umbilical vein smooth muscle cells (HUVSMCs), indicating that they are "vascular cell-friendly". In contrast, the pMAG-grafted surface showed decreased cell attachment of both HUVECs and HUVSMCs, indicating that the pMAG-grafted surface is "vascular cell-resistant". Moreover, surface topographic patterning enhanced the cell responses to the corresponding flat surfaces. That is to say, surface patterning can make the "vascular cell-friendly" surface still friendly, and the "vascular cell-resistant" surface much more resistant. The combination of surface structural units and topographic patterning shows promise in the preparation of new heparin-like surfaces with improved cell compatibility that is suitable for blood-compatible biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Sun
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Sheng Jin
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Aiyang Zhang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Jialei Huang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Yuepeng Li
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Hong Chen
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
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Alba-Perez A, Jayawarna V, Childs PG, Dalby MJ, Salmeron-Sanchez M. Plasma polymerised nanoscale coatings of controlled thickness for efficient solid-phase presentation of growth factors. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 113:110966. [PMID: 32487385 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.110966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The engineering of biomaterial surfaces and scaffolds for specific biomedical and clinical application is of growing interest. Certain functionalised surfaces can capture and deliver bioactive molecules, such as growth factors (GF), enhancing the clinical efficacy of such systems. With a custom-made plasma polymerisation reactor described here we have developed bioactive polymer coatings based on poly(ethyl acrylate) (PEA). This remarkable polymer unfolds fibronectin (FN) upon adsorption to allow the GF binding region of FN to sequester and present GFs with high efficiency. We systematically evaluate process conditions and their impact on plasma polymerised PEA coatings and characterise the effect of plasma power and deposition time on thickness, wettability and chemical composition of the coatings. We demonstrate that functional substrate roughness can be maintained after deposition of the polymer coatings. Importantly, we show that coatings deposited at different conditions all maintain a similar or better bioactivity than spin coated PEA references. We show that in PEA plasma polymerised coatings FN assembles into nanonetworks with high availability of integrin and GF binding regions that sequester bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2). We also report similar mesenchymal stem cell adhesion behaviour, as characterised by focal adhesions, and differentiation potential on BMP-2 coated surfaces, regardless of plasma deposition conditions. This is a potent and versatile technology that can help facilitate the use of GFs in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres Alba-Perez
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Vineetha Jayawarna
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Peter G Childs
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Matthew J Dalby
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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Jin S, Huang J, Chen X, Gu H, Li D, Zhang A, Liu X, Chen H. Nitric Oxide-Generating Antiplatelet Polyurethane Surfaces with Multiple Additional Biofunctions via Cyclodextrin-Based Host–Guest Interactions. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 3:570-576. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Jin
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jialei Huang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xianshuang Chen
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Gu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Li
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Aiyang Zhang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Chen
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
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15
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Zhan W, Wei T, Yu Q, Chen H. Fabrication of Supramolecular Bioactive Surfaces via β-Cyclodextrin-Based Host-Guest Interactions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:36585-36601. [PMID: 30285413 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b12130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular host-guest interactions provide a facile and versatile basis for the construction of sophisticated structures and functional assemblies through specific molecular recognition of host and guest molecules to form inclusion complexes. In recent years, these interactions have been exploited as a means of attaching bioactive molecules and polymers to solid substrates for the fabrication of bioactive surfaces. Using a common host molecule, β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), and various guest molecules as molecular building blocks, we fabricated several types of bioactive surfaces with multifunctionality and/or function switchability via host-guest interactions. Other groups have also taken this approach, and several intelligent designs have been developed. The results of these investigations indicate that, compared to the more common covalent bonding-based methods for attachment of bioactive ligands, host-guest based methods are simple, more broadly ("universally") applicable, and allow convenient renewal of bioactivity. In this Spotlight on Applications, we review and summarize recent developments in the fabrication of supramolecular bioactive surfaces via β-CD-based host-guest interactions. The main focus is on the work from our laboratory, but highlights on work from other groups are included. Applications of the materials are also emphasized. These surfaces can be categorized into three types based on: (i) self-assembled monolayers, (ii) polymer brushes, and (iii) multilayered films. The host-guest strategy can be extended from material surfaces to living cell surfaces, and work along these lines is also reviewed. Finally, a brief perspective on the developments of supramolecular bioactive surfaces in the future is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Zhan
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Soochow University , 199 Ren'ai Road , Suzhou 215123 , P. R. China
| | - Ting Wei
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Soochow University , 199 Ren'ai Road , Suzhou 215123 , P. R. China
| | - Qian Yu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Soochow University , 199 Ren'ai Road , Suzhou 215123 , P. R. China
| | - Hong Chen
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Soochow University , 199 Ren'ai Road , Suzhou 215123 , P. R. China
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16
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Jin S, Gu H, Chen X, Liu X, Zhan W, Wei T, Sun X, Ren C, Chen H. A facile method to prepare a versatile surface coating with fibrinolytic activity, vascular cell selectivity and antibacterial properties. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 167:28-35. [PMID: 29625420 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Clot and thrombus formation on surfaces that come into contact with blood is still the most serious problem for blood contacting devices. Despite many years of continuous efforts in developing hemocompatible materials, it is still of great interest to develop multifunctional materials to enable vascular cell selectivity (to favor rapid endothelialization while inhibiting smooth muscle cell proliferation) and improve hemocompatibility. In addition, biomaterial-associated infections also cause the failure of biomedical implants and devices. However, it remains a challenging task to design materials that are multifunctional, since one of their functions will usually be compromised by the introduction of another function. In the present work, the gold substrate was first layer-by-layer (LbL) deposited with a multilayered polyelectrolyte film containing chitosan (positively charged) and a copolymer of sodium 4-vinylbenzenesulfonate (SS) and the "guest" adamantane monomer 1-adamantan-1-ylmethyl methacrylate (P(SS-co-Ada), negatively charged) via electro-static interactions, referred to as Au-LbL. The chitosan and P(SS-co-Ada) were intended to provide, respectively, resistance to bacteria and heparin-like properties. Then, "host" β-cyclodextrin derivatives bearing seven lysine ligands (CD-L) were immobilized on the Au-LbL surface by host-guest interactions between adamantane residues and CD-L, referred to as Au-LbL/CD-L. Finally, a versatile surface coating with fibrinolytic activity (lysis of nascent clots), vascular cell selectivity and antibacterial properties was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Jin
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Hao Gu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Xianshuang Chen
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, PR China.
| | - Wenjun Zhan
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Ting Wei
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Xuebo Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou 215006, PR China.
| | - Chuanlu Ren
- Department of Lab., No. 100 Hospital, CPLA, 4 Canglangting Street, Suzhou 215007, PR China
| | - Hong Chen
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, PR China
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17
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Chen X, Gu H, Lyu Z, Liu X, Wang L, Chen H, Brash JL. Sulfonate Groups and Saccharides as Essential Structural Elements in Heparin-Mimicking Polymers Used as Surface Modifiers: Optimization of Relative Contents for Antithrombogenic Properties. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:1440-1449. [PMID: 29231707 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b16723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Blood compatibility is a long sought-after goal in biomaterials research, but remains an elusive one, and in spite of extensive work in this area, there is still no definitive information on the relationship between material properties and blood responses such as coagulation and thrombus formation. Materials modified with heparin-mimicking polymers have shown promise and indeed may be seen as comparable to materials modified with heparin itself. In this work, heparin was conceptualized as consisting of two major structural elements: saccharide- and sulfonate-containing units, and polymers based on this concept were developed. Copolymers of 2-methacrylamido glucopyranose, containing saccharide groups, and sodium 4-vinylbenzenesulfonate, containing sulfonate groups, were graft-polymerized on vinyl-functionalized polyurethane (PU) surfaces by free radical polymerization. This graft polymerization method is simple, and the saccharide and sulfonate contents are tunable by regulating the feed ratio of the monomers. Homopolymer-grafted materials, containing only sulfonate or saccharide groups, showed different effects on cell-surface interactions including platelet adhesion, adhesion and proliferation of vascular endothelial cells, and adhesion and proliferation of smooth muscle cells. The copolymer-grafted materials showed effects due to both sulfonate and saccharide elements with respect to blood responses, and the optimum composition was obtained at a 2:1 ratio of sulfonate to saccharide units (material designated as PU-PS1M1). In cell adhesion experiments, this material showed the lowest platelet and human umbilical vein smooth muscle cell density and the highest human umbilical vein endothelial cell density. Among the materials investigated, PU-PS1M1 also had the longest plasma clotting time. This material was thus shown to be multifunctional with a combination of properties, suggesting thromboresistant behavior in blood contact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianshuang Chen
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Hao Gu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Zhonglin Lyu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Hong Chen
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - John L Brash
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
- Department of Chemical Engineering and School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario L8S4L7, Canada
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