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Smirnova A, Ohta R, Mori E, Shimizu H, Morikawa K, Kitamori T. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using thin-layered microfluidics with perfect capture of the target protein. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:675-684. [PMID: 36655604 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay01686a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We developed a process for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay on a glass microchip via the use of a thin-layered microfluidic channel. This channel possesses a high aspect ratio (width/depth ∼200) and has an antibody layer immobilized directly on the channel surface. A depth of several microns and an excessive width and length (mm scale) of the channel provide a large-volume capacity (102 nL) and maximum capture efficiency of the analyte for a high level of detection sensitivity (102 pg mL-1). The developed reusable immunosensor has demonstrated high-performance characteristics by requiring less than 50 μL of sample and providing analysis in less than 25 min. This new method could impact the development of point-of-care devices for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adelina Smirnova
- Collaborative Research Organization for Micro and Nano Multifunctional Devices, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Ryoichi Ohta
- Collaborative Research Organization for Micro and Nano Multifunctional Devices, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Emi Mori
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Hisashi Shimizu
- Collaborative Research Organization for Micro and Nano Multifunctional Devices, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Kyojiro Morikawa
- Collaborative Research Organization for Micro and Nano Multifunctional Devices, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
- Institute of Nanoengineering and Microsystems, Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Takehiko Kitamori
- Collaborative Research Organization for Micro and Nano Multifunctional Devices, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
- Institute of Nanoengineering and Microsystems, Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Lund University, Lund 221 00, Sweden
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2
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Yang J, Xu Y. Nanofluidics for sub-single cellular studies: Nascent progress, critical technologies, and future perspectives. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.09.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Zhang KS, Nadkarni AV, Paul R, Martin AM, Tang SKY. Microfluidic Surgery in Single Cells and Multicellular Systems. Chem Rev 2022; 122:7097-7141. [PMID: 35049287 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Microscale surgery on single cells and small organisms has enabled major advances in fundamental biology and in engineering biological systems. Examples of applications range from wound healing and regeneration studies to the generation of hybridoma to produce monoclonal antibodies. Even today, these surgical operations are often performed manually, but they are labor intensive and lack reproducibility. Microfluidics has emerged as a powerful technology to control and manipulate cells and multicellular systems at the micro- and nanoscale with high precision. Here, we review the physical and chemical mechanisms of microscale surgery and the corresponding design principles, applications, and implementations in microfluidic systems. We consider four types of surgical operations: (1) sectioning, which splits a biological entity into multiple parts, (2) ablation, which destroys part of an entity, (3) biopsy, which extracts materials from within a living cell, and (4) fusion, which joins multiple entities into one. For each type of surgery, we summarize the motivating applications and the microfluidic devices developed. Throughout this review, we highlight existing challenges and opportunities. We hope that this review will inspire scientists and engineers to continue to explore and improve microfluidic surgical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin S Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Ambika V Nadkarni
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Rajorshi Paul
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Adrian M Martin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Sindy K Y Tang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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5
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Zhou Y, Guo G, Wang X. Development of
Ultranarrow‐Bore
Open Tubular High Efficiency Liquid Chromatography. CHINESE J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202100445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yingyan Zhou
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry and Biology, Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100124 China
| | - Guangsheng Guo
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry and Biology, Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100124 China
| | - Xiayan Wang
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry and Biology, Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100124 China
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6
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Zhang W, Han Z, Liang Y, Zhang Q, Dou X, Guo G, Wang X. A pico-HPLC-LIF system for the amplification-free determination of multiple miRNAs in cells. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2020.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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7
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Špačková B, Šípová-Jungová H, Käll M, Fritzsche J, Langhammer C. Nanoplasmonic-Nanofluidic Single-Molecule Biosensors for Ultrasmall Sample Volumes. ACS Sens 2021; 6:73-82. [PMID: 33370091 PMCID: PMC7836060 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c01774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Detection
of small amounts of biological compounds is of ever-increasing
importance but also remains an experimental challenge. In this context,
plasmonic nanoparticles have emerged as strong contenders enabling
label-free optical sensing with single-molecule resolution. However,
the performance of a plasmonic single-molecule biosensor is not only
dependent on its ability to detect a molecule but equally importantly
on its efficiency to transport it to the binding site. Here, we present
a theoretical study of the impact of downscaling fluidic structures
decorated with plasmonic nanoparticles from conventional microfluidics
to nanofluidics. We find that for ultrasmall picolitre sample volumes,
nanofluidics enables unprecedented binding characteristics inaccessible
with conventional microfluidic devices, and that both detection times
and number of detected binding events can be improved by several orders
of magnitude. Therefore, we propose nanoplasmonic–nanofluidic
biosensing platforms as an efficient tool that paves the way for label-free
single-molecule detection from ultrasmall volumes, such as single
cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Špačková
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Hana Šípová-Jungová
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Mikael Käll
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Joachim Fritzsche
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Christoph Langhammer
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
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8
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Yamamoto K, Ota N, Tanaka Y. Nanofluidic Devices and Applications for Biological Analyses. Anal Chem 2021; 93:332-349. [PMID: 33125221 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c03868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Koki Yamamoto
- Laboratory for Integrated Biodevice, Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR), RIKEN, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Nobutoshi Ota
- Laboratory for Integrated Biodevice, Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR), RIKEN, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yo Tanaka
- Laboratory for Integrated Biodevice, Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR), RIKEN, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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9
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Le THH, Shimizu H, Morikawa K. Advances in Label-Free Detections for Nanofluidic Analytical Devices. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:mi11100885. [PMID: 32977690 PMCID: PMC7598655 DOI: 10.3390/mi11100885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nanofluidics, a discipline of science and engineering of fluids confined to structures at the 1-1000 nm scale, has experienced significant growth over the past decade. Nanofluidics have offered fascinating platforms for chemical and biological analyses by exploiting the unique characteristics of liquids and molecules confined in nanospaces; however, the difficulty to detect molecules in extremely small spaces hampers the practical applications of nanofluidic devices. Laser-induced fluorescence microscopy with single-molecule sensitivity has been so far a major detection method in nanofluidics, but issues arising from labeling and photobleaching limit its application. Recently, numerous label-free detection methods have been developed to identify and determine the number of molecules, as well as provide chemical, conformational, and kinetic information of molecules. This review focuses on label-free detection techniques designed for nanofluidics; these techniques are divided into two groups: optical and electrical/electrochemical detection methods. In this review, we discuss on the developed nanofluidic device architectures, elucidate the mechanisms by which the utilization of nanofluidics in manipulating molecules and controlling light-matter interactions enhances the capabilities of biological and chemical analyses, and highlight new research directions in the field of detections in nanofluidics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thu Hac Huong Le
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Correspondence: (T.H.H.L.); (H.S.); (K.M.)
| | - Hisashi Shimizu
- Collaborative Research Organization for Micro and Nano Multifunctional Devices (NMfD), The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Correspondence: (T.H.H.L.); (H.S.); (K.M.)
| | - Kyojiro Morikawa
- Collaborative Research Organization for Micro and Nano Multifunctional Devices (NMfD), The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Correspondence: (T.H.H.L.); (H.S.); (K.M.)
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10
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Ding G, Wang J, Wang L, Zou J, Tian P, Zhang Y, Pan X, Li D. Quantitative viability detection for a single microalgae cell by two-level photoexcitation. Analyst 2020; 145:3931-3938. [PMID: 32314762 DOI: 10.1039/d0an00450b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel method for quantitative detection of the viability of a single microalgae cell by two-level photoexcitation is proposed in this paper. This method overcomes the difficulty of traditional methods in determining the cell viability by a fixed standard under a single photoexcitation. It is experimentally confirmed that this method is not limited by the species, morphology, size and structure of microalgae cells. An evaluation criterion of universal applicability is presented for the assessment of cell viability based on the large amount of experimental data. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that the relative fluorescence yield ratio Fr has been used to characterize the viability of single microalgae cells during cell migration. By using the relative fluorescence yield ratio, this method does not require the intensity of the excitation light to be very low for the assessment of the fluorescence yield of a dark-adapted microalgae cell, nor to be very strong to reach the saturated light level to assess the maximum fluorescence yield. Therefore, this method greatly reduces the technical difficulties of developing a sensor device. Well balanced portability, accuracy and universal applicability make it suitable for on-site real-time detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gege Ding
- Center of Microfluidic Optoelectronic Sensing, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, China.
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11
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Kawai S, Suzuki M, Arimoto S, Korenaga T, Yasukawa T. Determination of membrane capacitance and cytoplasm conductivity by simultaneous electrorotation. Analyst 2020; 145:4188-4195. [PMID: 32462157 DOI: 10.1039/d0an00100g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Membrane capacitances and cytoplasm conductivities of hematopoietic cells were investigated by simultaneous electrorotation (ROT) systems of multiple cells. Simultaneous ROT was achieved by the rotation of electric fields in grid arrays formed with three-dimensional interdigitated array (3D-IDA) electrodes that can be easily fabricated using two substrates with IDA electrodes. When AC signals were applied to four microband electrodes with a 90° phase difference to each electrode, cells dispersed randomly in the 3D-IDA device started to rotate and moved to the center of each grid. Multiple cells were simultaneously rotated at the center of grids without friction from contact with other cells and substrates. The averages and variance of ROT rates of cells at each frequency can be measured during a single operation of the device within 5 min, resulting in the acquisition of ROT spectra. Membrane capacitances and cytoplasm conductivities of hematopoietic cells (K562 cells, Jurkat cells, and THP-1 cells) were determined by fitting ROT spectra obtained experimentally to the curves calculated theoretically. The values determined by using the simultaneous ROT systems well coincided with the values reported previously. The membrane capacitances and cytoplasm conductivities of WEHI-231 cells were firstly determined to be 8.89 ± 0.25 mF m-2 and 0.28 ± 0.03 S m-1, respectively. Furthermore, the difference of the ROT rates based on the difference of the electric properties of cells was applied to discriminate the types of cells. The acquisition of rotation rates of multiple cells within a single operation makes the statistical analysis extremely profitable for determining the electrical properties of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikiho Kawai
- Department of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1, Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo, 678-1297, Japan.
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12
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Li N, Zhang W, Li Y, Lin JM. Analysis of cellular biomolecules and behaviors using microfluidic chip and fluorescence method. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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13
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Tsuyama Y, Mawatari K. Nonfluorescent Molecule Detection in 102 nm Nanofluidic Channels by Photothermal Optical Diffraction. Anal Chem 2019; 91:9741-9746. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b01334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyuki Tsuyama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo,
Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kazuma Mawatari
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo,
Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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14
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Kazoe Y, Pihosh Y, Takahashi H, Ohyama T, Sano H, Morikawa K, Mawatari K, Kitamori T. Femtoliter nanofluidic valve utilizing glass deformation. LAB ON A CHIP 2019; 19:1686-1694. [PMID: 30942790 DOI: 10.1039/c8lc01340c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In the field of micro/nanofluidics, the channel open/close valves are among the most important technologies for switching and partitioning actions and integration of various operations into fluidic circuits. While several types of valves have been developed in microfluidics, few are capable in nanofluidics. In this study, we proposed a femtoliter (fL) volume nanochannel open/close valve fabricated in glass substrates. The valve consists of a shallow, circular and stepped-bottom valve chamber connected to nanochannels and an actuator. Even with tiny deformation occurring at the nanolevel in glass, an open/closed state of a nanochannel (10-1000 nm) can be achieved. We designed a fL-valve based on an analytical material deformation model, and developed a valve fabrication process. We then verified the open/closed state of the valve using a 308 fL-valve chamber with a four-stepped nanostructure fitting an arc-shape of deflected glass, confirmed its stability and durability over 50 open/close operations, and succeeded in stopping/flowing an aqueous solution at 209 fL s-1 under a 100 kPa pressure in a 900 nm nanochannel with a fast response of ∼0.65 s. A leak flow from the closed valve was sufficiently small even at a 490 kPa pressure-driven flow. Since the developed fL-valve can be applied to various nanofluidic devices made of glass and other rigid materials such as plastic, it is expected that this work will contribute significantly to the development of novel integrated micro/nanofluidics chemical systems for use in various applications, such as single cell/single molecule analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Kazoe
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
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15
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Ohta R, Mawatari K, Takeuchi T, Morikawa K, Kitamori T. Detachable glass micro/nanofluidic device. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2019; 13:024104. [PMID: 30915180 PMCID: PMC6417905 DOI: 10.1063/1.5087003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Glass is one of the most ideal materials for micro/nanofluidic devices due to its excellent optical transparency, resistance to a wide range of solvents and reagents, and easy to modify surfaces by silane-coupling reagents. From a practical point of view, glass is a hard material and is suitable for real applications. One of the advantages of glass is its reusability; however, this reusability is difficult to realize in certain conditions. Washing or re-modification of micro/nanofluidic channels is sometimes difficult due to the ultrasmall space in these channels. If the glass devices are detachable, it is easy to access the channel surface, and the channels can be cleaned and re-modified. When the substrates are bonded again, the devices are fabricated easily without repeating laborious and expensive micro/nano-fabrication processes. This technology gives researchers and users a choice of glass substrates in fundamental research studies and real-time applications. In this study, we propose a detachable glass micro/nanofluidic device by our low temperature bonding method. The surface bonding energy is controlled to realize both high pressure capacity for micro/nanofluidics and easy separation of glass substrates without fracturing. As a result, at least four times detaching and bonding is confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoichi Ohta
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kazuma Mawatari
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: . Fax: +81-3-5841-6039
| | - Tomoaki Takeuchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kyojiro Morikawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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Shimizu H, Toyoda K, Mawatari K, Terabe S, Kitamori T. Femtoliter Gradient Elution System for Liquid Chromatography Utilizing Extended Nanofluidics. Anal Chem 2019; 91:3009-3014. [PMID: 30661360 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A gradient system was developed for the separation of proteins on a femtoliter scale utilizing nanofluidic channels. In the history of chromatography, miniaturization of the separation column has been important for efficient separation and downsizing of instruments. Previously, our group developed a small and highly efficient chromatography system utilizing nanofluidic channels, although a flexible design of the gradient was difficult and separation of proteins was not achieved. Here, we propose a flexible gradient system using standard HPLC pumps and an auxiliary mixer with a simple sample injection system. In contrast to our previous sample injection system using pressure balance, the system enables a femtoliter-scale sample injection which is compatible with gradient elution using HPLC pumps. The system was carefully designed, verified for sample injection and gradient elution, and finally applied to the separation of proteins from model and real samples. This femtoliter-scale, efficient separation system will contribute to omics studies at the single-cell level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Shimizu
- International Research Center for Neurointelligence , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1, Hongo , Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033 , Japan
| | - Kouto Toyoda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1, Hongo , Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan
| | - Kazuma Mawatari
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1, Hongo , Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan
| | - Shigeru Terabe
- Graduate School of Material Science , University of Hyogo , 3-2-1, Kouto , Kamigori , Hyogo 678-1297 , Japan
| | - Takehiko Kitamori
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1, Hongo , Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan
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17
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Abstract
Nano liquid chromatography (nanoLC), with columns having an inner diameter (ID) of ≤100 μm, can provide enhanced sensitivity and enable analysis of limited samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Ray Wilson
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oslo
- Oslo
- Norway
- Hybrid Technology Hub-Centre of Excellence
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