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Chen Z, Yang S, Zhao Z, Feng L, Sheng J, Deng R, Wang B, He Y, Luo D, Chen M, Chen L, Chang K. Smart Tumor Cell-Derived DNA Nano-Tree Assembly for On-Demand Macrophages Reprogramming. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2307188. [PMID: 38145350 PMCID: PMC10933644 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202307188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Without coordinated strategies to balance the population and activity of tumor cells and polarized macrophages, antitumor immunotherapy generally offers limited clinical benefits. Inspired by the "eat me" signal, a smart tumor cell-derived proximity anchored non-linear hybridization chain reaction (Panel-HCR) strategy is established for on-demand regulation of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). The Panel-HCR is composed of a recognition-then-assembly module and a release-then-regulation module. Upon recognizing tumor cells, a DNA nano-tree is assembled on the tumor cell surface and byproduct strands loaded with CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG-ODNs) are released depending on the tumor cell concentration. The on-demand release of CpG-ODNs can achieve efficient regulation of M2 TAMs into the M1 phenotype. Throughout the recognition-then-assembly process, tumor cell-targeted bioimaging is implemented in single cells, fixed tissues, and living mice. Afterward, the on-demand release of CpG-ODNs regulate the transformation of M2 TAMs into the M1 phenotype by stimulating toll-like receptor 9 to activate the NF-κB pathway and increasing inflammatory cytokines. This release-then-regulation process is verified to induce strong antitumor immune responses both in vitro and in vivo. Altogether, this proposed strategy holds tremendous promise for on-demand antitumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguo Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest HospitalArmy Medical University (Third Military Medical University)30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba DistrictChongqing400038China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Southwest HospitalArmy Medical University (Third Military Medical University)30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba DistrictChongqing400038China
| | - Sha Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest HospitalArmy Medical University (Third Military Medical University)30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba DistrictChongqing400038China
| | - Zhuyang Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest HospitalArmy Medical University (Third Military Medical University)30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba DistrictChongqing400038China
| | - Liu Feng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest HospitalArmy Medical University (Third Military Medical University)30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba DistrictChongqing400038China
| | - Jing Sheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest HospitalArmy Medical University (Third Military Medical University)30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba DistrictChongqing400038China
| | - Ruijia Deng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest HospitalArmy Medical University (Third Military Medical University)30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba DistrictChongqing400038China
| | - Binpan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest HospitalArmy Medical University (Third Military Medical University)30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba DistrictChongqing400038China
| | - Yuan He
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest HospitalArmy Medical University (Third Military Medical University)30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba DistrictChongqing400038China
| | - Dan Luo
- Department of Biological and Environmental EngineeringCornell UniversityIthacaNY14853‐5701USA
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest HospitalArmy Medical University (Third Military Medical University)30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba DistrictChongqing400038China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Southwest HospitalArmy Medical University (Third Military Medical University)30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba DistrictChongqing400038China
| | - Kai Chang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest HospitalArmy Medical University (Third Military Medical University)30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba DistrictChongqing400038China
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Gao H, Wang K, Li H, Fan Y, Sun X, Wang X, Sun H. Recent advances in electrochemical proximity ligation assay. Talanta 2023; 254:124158. [PMID: 36502611 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.124158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Proximity ligation assay (PLA) is a vigorously developed homogeneous immunoassay assisted by DNA combining dual recognition of target protein by pairs of proximity probes, in which the detection of protein is tactfully converted to the detection of DNA. The booming developments in PLA have enabled a variety of ultrasensitive assays for the detection of protein and this concept of PLA is also extended to the detection of nucleic acids and some small molecule. The association between PLA and electrochemical method, defined as electrochemical proximity ligation assay (ECPLA), has gained much interests in disease diagnosis, food safety and environmental assays with the advantages, such as broad range of targets, simplicity, low cost and rapid response. In this review, we took a different perspective to present the history of PLA, the classical ECPLA biosensing methodology as well as the developments of ECPLA based on several key parameters, such as sensitivity, selectivity, reusability and generalization. In addition, the developments of PLA with electrochemiluminescence as readout are also presented. Finally, perspective and some unresolved challenges in ECPLA that can potentially be addressed have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfang Gao
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuxi University, Wuxi, 214105, PR China.
| | - Ke Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics & Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, PR China
| | - Haiyu Li
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuxi University, Wuxi, 214105, PR China
| | - Yeli Fan
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuxi University, Wuxi, 214105, PR China
| | - Xiong Sun
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuxi University, Wuxi, 214105, PR China
| | - Xia Wang
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuxi University, Wuxi, 214105, PR China
| | - Huiping Sun
- Institute of Materials Science and Devices, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215000, PR China
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3
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Zhang JH, Liu M, Zhou F, Yan HL, Zhou YG. Homogeneous Electrochemical Immunoassay Using an Aggregation-Collision Strategy for Alpha-Fetoprotein Detection. Anal Chem 2023; 95:3045-3053. [PMID: 36692355 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c05193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Homogeneous immunoassays represent an attractive alternative to traditional heterogeneous assays due to their simplicity and high efficiency. Homogeneous electrochemical assays, however, are not commonly accessed due to the requirement of electrode immobilization of the recognition elements. Herein, we demonstrate a new homogeneous electrochemical immunoassay based on the aggregation-collision strategy for the quantification of tumor protein biomarker alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). The detection principle relies on the aggregation of AgNPs induced by the molecular biorecognition between AFP and AgNPs-anti-AFP probes, which leads to an increased AgNP size and decreased AgNP concentration, allowing an accurate self-validated dual-mode immunoassay by performing nanoimpact electrochemistry (NIE) of the oxidation of AgNPs. The intrinsic one-by-one analytical capability of NIE as well as the participation of all of the atoms of the AgNPs in signal transduction greatly elevates the detection sensitivity. Accordingly, the current sensor enables a limit of detection (LOD) of 5 pg/mL for AFP analysis with high specificity and efficiency. More importantly, reliable detection of AFP in diluted human sera of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients is successfully achieved, indicating that the NIE-based homogeneous immunoassay shows great potential in HCC liquid biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Hua Zhang
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, Shandong, China
| | - Meijuan Liu
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Personalized Prescribing Inc., Suite 500, 150 Ferrand Dr, Toronto, Ontario M3C 3E5, Canada
| | - Hai-Long Yan
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yi-Ge Zhou
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
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4
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Recent progress in homogeneous electrochemical sensors and their designs and applications. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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5
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Bialy RM, Mainguy A, Li Y, Brennan JD. Functional nucleic acid biosensors utilizing rolling circle amplification. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:9009-9067. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00613h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Functional nucleic acids regulate rolling circle amplification to produce multiple detection outputs suitable for the development of point-of-care diagnostic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger M. Bialy
- Biointerfaces Institute, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4O3, Canada
| | - Alexa Mainguy
- Biointerfaces Institute, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4O3, Canada
| | - Yingfu Li
- Biointerfaces Institute, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4O3, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - John D. Brennan
- Biointerfaces Institute, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4O3, Canada
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6
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Garafutdinov RR, Sakhabutdinova AR, Gilvanov AR, Chemeris AV. Rolling Circle Amplification as a Universal Method for the Analysis of a Wide Range of Biological Targets. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2021; 47:1172-1189. [PMID: 34931113 PMCID: PMC8675116 DOI: 10.1134/s1068162021060078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Detection and quantification of biotargets are important analytical tasks, which are solved using a wide range of various methods. In recent years, methods based on the isothermal amplification of nucleic acids (NAs) have been extensively developed. Among them, a special place is occupied by rolling circle amplification (RCA), which is used not only for the detection of a specific NA but also for the analysis of other biomolecules, and is also a versatile platform for the development of highly sensitive methods and convenient diagnostic devices. The present review reveals a number of methodical aspects of RCA-mediated analysis; in particular, the data on its key molecular participants are presented, the methods for increasing the efficiency and productivity of RCA are described, and different variants of reporter systems are briefly characterized. Differences in the techniques of RCA-mediated analysis of biotargets of various types are shown. Some examples of using different RCA variants for the solution of specific diagnostic problems are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. R. Garafutdinov
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054 Ufa, Russia
| | - A. R. Sakhabutdinova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054 Ufa, Russia
| | - A. R. Gilvanov
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054 Ufa, Russia
| | - A. V. Chemeris
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054 Ufa, Russia
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7
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Jiang J, Xia J, Zang Y, Diao G. Electrochemistry/Photoelectrochemistry-Based Immunosensing and Aptasensing of Carcinoembryonic Antigen. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:7742. [PMID: 34833818 PMCID: PMC8624776 DOI: 10.3390/s21227742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Recently, electrochemistry- and photoelectrochemistry-based biosensors have been regarded as powerful tools for trace monitoring of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) due to the fact of their intrinsic advantages (e.g., high sensitivity, excellent selectivity, small background, and low cost), which play an important role in early cancer screening and diagnosis and benefit people's increasing demands for medical and health services. Thus, this mini-review will introduce the current trends in electrochemical and photoelectrochemical biosensors for CEA assay and classify them into two main categories according to the interactions between target and biorecognition elements: immunosensors and aptasensors. Some recent illustrative examples are summarized for interested readers, accompanied by simple descriptions of the related signaling strategies, advanced materials, and detection modes. Finally, the development prospects and challenges of future electrochemical and photoelectrochemical biosensors are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yang Zang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China; (J.J.); (J.X.); (G.D.)
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8
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Fu Y, Qian H, Zhou X, Wu Y, Song L, Chen K, Bai D, Yang Y, Li J, Xie G. Proximity ligation assay mediated rolling circle amplification strategy for in situ amplified imaging of glycosylated PD-L1. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:6929-6939. [PMID: 34523014 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03659-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Glycosylated PD-L1 is a more reliable biomarker for immune checkpoint therapy and plays important roles in tumor immunity. Glycosylation of PD-L1 hinders antibody-based detection, which is partially responsible for the inconsistency between PD-L1 immunohistochemical results and therapeutic treatment response. Herein, we present a proximity ligation assay mediated rolling circle amplification (PLA-RCA) strategy for amplified imaging of glycosylated PD-L1 in situ. The strategy relies on a pair of DNA probes: an aptamer probe to specifically recognize cellular surface protein PD-L1 and a glycan conversion (GC) probe for metabolic glycan labeling. Upon proximity ligation of sequence binding to the two probes, the proximity ligation-triggered RCA occurs. The feasibility of the as-proposed strategy has been validated as it realized the visualization of PD-L1 glycosylation in different cancer cells and the monitoring of the variation of PD-L1 glycosylation during drug treatment. Thus, we envision the present work offers a useful alternative to track protein-specific glycosylation and potentially advances the investigation of the dynamic glycan state associated with the disease process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Fu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics of Education, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Sichuan, 400016, People's Republic of China.,Department of Blood Transfusion, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, Guizhou, China
| | - Husun Qian
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics of Education, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Sichuan, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics of Education, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Sichuan, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - You Wu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics of Education, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Sichuan, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Song
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics of Education, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Sichuan, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Kena Chen
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics of Education, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Sichuan, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Bai
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics of Education, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Sichuan, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics of Education, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Sichuan, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics of Education, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Sichuan, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoming Xie
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics of Education, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Sichuan, 400016, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Dong X, Du Y, Zhao G, Cao W, Fan D, Kuang X, Wei Q, Ju H. Dual-signal electrochemiluminescence immunosensor for Neuron-specific enolase detection based on "dual-potential" emitter Ru(bpy) 32+ functionalized zinc-based metal-organic frameworks. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 192:113505. [PMID: 34298497 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) is the preferred marker for monitoring small cell lung cancer and neuroblastoma. We devised a dual-signal ratiometric electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensing strategy for sensitive detection of NSE. In this work, Ru (bpy)32+ functionalized zinc-based metal-organic framework (Ru-MOF-5) nanoflowers (NFs) with plentiful carboxyl groups provide an excellent biocompatible sensing platform for the construction of immunosensor. Importantly, Ru-MOF-5 NFs possess stable and efficient "dual-potential" ECL emission of cathode (-1.5 V) and anode (1.5 V) in the existence of co-reactant K2S2O8. Simultaneously, the cathode ECL emitter ZnO-AgNPs are employed as the secondary antibody marker, whose participation amplify the cathode ECL signal as well attenuate the anode ECL emission of Ru-MOF-5 NFs. By monitoring the ECL dual-signal of -1.5 V and 1.5 V and calculating their ratios, a ratiometric strategy of quantified readout proportional is implemented for the proposed immunosensor to precise analyze NSE. Based on optimization conditions, the ECL immunosensor displays the wide linear range of 0.0001 ng/mL to 200 ng/mL and the minimum detection limit is 0.041 pg/mL. The "dual-potential" ratiometric ECL immunosensor effectively reduces system error or background signal by self-calibration from both emissions and improves detection reliability. The dual-signal ratiometric strategy with satisfactory reproducibility and stability provides further development possibilities for other biomolecular detection and analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Dong
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Yu Du
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Chemical Manufacturing and Accurate Detection, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Guanhui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Cao
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Chemical Manufacturing and Accurate Detection, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Dawei Fan
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Chemical Manufacturing and Accurate Detection, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Xuan Kuang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Chemical Manufacturing and Accurate Detection, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Qin Wei
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Chemical Manufacturing and Accurate Detection, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, Shandong, China.
| | - Huangxian Ju
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Chemical Manufacturing and Accurate Detection, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, Shandong, China; State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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10
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Animesh S, Singh YD. A Comprehensive Study on Aptasensors For Cancer Diagnosis. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2021; 22:1069-1084. [PMID: 32957883 DOI: 10.2174/1389201021999200918152721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is the most devastating disease in the present scenario, killing millions of people every year. Early detection, accurate diagnosis, and timely treatment are considered to be the most effective ways to control this disease. Rapid and efficient detection of cancer at their earliest stage is one of the most significant challenges in cancer detection and cure. Numerous diagnostic modules have been developed to detect cancer cells early. As nucleic acid equivalent to antibodies, aptamers emerge as a new class of molecular probes that can identify cancer-related biomarkers or circulating rare cancer/ tumor cells with very high specificity and sensitivity. The amalgamation of aptamers with the biosensing platforms gave birth to "Aptasensors." The advent of highly sensitive aptasensors has opened up many new promising point-of-care diagnostics for cancer. This comprehensive review focuses on the newly developed aptasensors for cancer diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sambhavi Animesh
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, India
| | - Yengkhom D Singh
- Department of Post-Harvest Technology, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Central Agricultural University, Pasighat, Arunachal Pradesh, 791102, India
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11
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Zhou H, Yu Q, Wang H, Zhu W, Liu J, Wang Z. A general scattering proximity immunoassay with the formation of dimer of gold nanoparticle. Talanta 2021; 233:122515. [PMID: 34215130 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we structured a colorimetric ultrasensitive detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) based on a proximity hybridization-induced gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) dimers structure. Under the dark-field microscope, this method takes advantage of the distinctive and strong distance-relative localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of Au NPs and their oriented assembly. DNA served as a medium showing wonderful flexibility to label antibody and Au NPs, and tune interparticle spacing as well. Two capture probes were formed by the integration of DNA labeled antibody (DNA1-Ab1 or DNA2-Ab2) and asymmetrically assembled DNA (DNA 3 or DNA 4)- Au NPs via partly hybridization between DNA sequences. In the presence of antigen, the reaction between target protein and capture probes could trigger the generation of immunocomplex which led to the proximity hybridization of the DNA1 and DNA2, and then change the distance of interparticle to form Au NP dimers and thus showed a different color under dark-field microscope. A limit of detection of 14.25 pg/mL was obtained for the detection of CEA, which indicated a promising sensing method in clinical diagnosis of protein biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, PR China.
| | - Qiao Yu
- Shandong Sino-Japanese Center for Collaborative Research of Carbon Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, PR China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, PR China
| | - Wenjing Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, PR China
| | - Jing Liu
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, 266590, PR China.
| | - Zonghua Wang
- Shandong Sino-Japanese Center for Collaborative Research of Carbon Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, PR China
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12
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Chen J, Zhang Y, Chen D, Wang T, Yin W, Yang HH, Xu Y, Chen JX, Dai Z, Zou X. Toehold-mediated ligation-free rolling circle amplification enables sensitive and rapid imaging of messenger RNAs in situ in cells. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1160:338463. [PMID: 33894961 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In situ analysis of tumor-related messenger RNAs (mRNAs) is significant in identifying cancer cells at the genetic level in the early stage. Rolling circle amplification (RCA)-based methods are primary tools for in situ mRNA assay, however, the necessary ligation reaction not only shows low ligation efficiency, but also greatly prolongs the assay time that increases the risk of cells losing and mRNAs leakage. In this work, we propose a novel toehold-mediated ligation-free RCA (TMLFRCA) on a designed structure-switchable dumbbell-shaped probe (SDP). Target mRNA can specifically activate SDP from its circular form by toehold strand displacement, thereby initiates in situ RCA for mRNA imaging with the help of a short DNA primer. For the proof-of-concept demonstration, the TK1 mRNA was sensitively detected by TMLFRCA in less than 3.5 h with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.39 fM (corresponds to 2.39×108copiesL-1), and significantly improved specificity capable for distinguishing single base difference. The sensitivity of the TMLFRCA for TK1 mRNA in situ assay is ∼29-fold and ∼7-fold higher than that of FISH and ligase-assisted RCA method, respectively, which enables the TMLFRCA method capability of highly sensitive and specific distinction mRNA expression levels between cancer cells and normal cells. We believe this TMLFRCA strategy would be of great value in both basic research and clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China
| | - Yanfei Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, 135 Xingang West Road, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Danping Chen
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, 135 Xingang West Road, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Tianchen Wang
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, 135 Xingang West Road, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Wen Yin
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, 135 Xingang West Road, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Hui-Hui Yang
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, 135 Xingang West Road, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Yuzhi Xu
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, 135 Xingang West Road, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Jin-Xiang Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China
| | - Zong Dai
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 511400, PR China.
| | - Xiaoyong Zou
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, 135 Xingang West Road, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
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Xu L, Duan J, Chen J, Ding S, Cheng W. Recent advances in rolling circle amplification-based biosensing strategies-A review. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1148:238187. [PMID: 33516384 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.12.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Rolling circle amplification (RCA) is an efficient enzymatic isothermal reaction that using circular probe as a template to generate long tandem single-stranded DNA or RNA products under the initiation of short DNA or RNA primers. As a simplified derivative of natural rolling circle replication which synthesizes copies of circular nucleic acids molecules such as plasmids, RCA amplifies the circular template rapidly without thermal cycling and finds various applications in molecular biology. Compared with other amplification strategies, RCA has many obvious advantages. Firstly, because of the strict complementarity required in ligation of a padlock probe, it endows the RCA reaction with high specificity and can even be utilized to distinguish single base mismatches. Secondly, through the introduction of multiple primers, exponential amplification can be achieved easily and leads to a good sensitivity. Thirdly, RCA products can be customized by manipulating circular templates to generate functional nucleic acids such as aptamer, DNAzymes and restriction enzyme sites. Moreover, the RCA has good biocompatibility and is especially suitable for in situ detection. Therefore, RCA has attracted considerable attention as an efficient and potential tool for highly sensitive detection of biomarkers. Herein, we comprehensively introduce the fundamental principles of RCA technology, summarize it from three aspects including initiation mode, amplification mode and signal output mode, and discuss the recent application of RCA-based biosensor in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Xu
- The Center for Clinical Molecular Medical Detection, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Jiaxin Duan
- The Center for Clinical Molecular Medical Detection, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Junman Chen
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Shijia Ding
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China.
| | - Wei Cheng
- The Center for Clinical Molecular Medical Detection, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China.
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14
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Li L, Xing Z, Tang Q, Yang L, Dai L, Wang H, Yan T, Xu W, Ma H, Wei Q. Enzyme-Free Colorimetric Immunoassay for Protein Biomarker Enabled by Loading and Disassembly Behaviors of Polydopamine Nanoparticles. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:8841-8848. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Chemical Manufacturing and Accurate Detection, Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Zhenyuan Xing
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Chemical Manufacturing and Accurate Detection, Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Qiaorong Tang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Chemical Manufacturing and Accurate Detection, Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Lei Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Chemical Manufacturing and Accurate Detection, Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Li Dai
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Chemical Manufacturing and Accurate Detection, Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Huan Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Chemical Manufacturing and Accurate Detection, Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Tao Yan
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Chemical Manufacturing and Accurate Detection, Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Weiying Xu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Chemical Manufacturing and Accurate Detection, Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Hongmin Ma
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Chemical Manufacturing and Accurate Detection, Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Qin Wei
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Chemical Manufacturing and Accurate Detection, Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
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15
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Kumar H, Gupta B. Development of novel electrochemical sensor for the detection of biological warfare agents: enzyme, antibody, and DNA free. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-03706-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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16
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Ren H, Zhang S, Huang Y, Chen Y, Lv L, Dai H. Dual-readout proximity hybridization-regulated and photothermally amplified protein analysis based on MXene nanosheets. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:13413-13416. [PMID: 33035288 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc05148a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Herein, an ingenious dual-readout sensing platform based on a proximity hybridization-regulated strategy is proposed for protein detection. For the first time, Ti3C2 MXene@thionine composites (MXene@Thi) with an excellent photothermal effect not only acted as an amplifier to enhance the electrochemical signal, but were also used as a converter to achieve the temperature readout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizhu Ren
- College of Chemistry and Material, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China.
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17
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Label free ultrasensitive detection of NS1 based on electrochemical aptasensor using polyethyleneimine aggregated AuNPs. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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18
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Solhi E, Hasanzadeh M. Critical role of biosensing on the efficient monitoring of cancer proteins/biomarkers using label-free aptamer based bioassay. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 132:110849. [PMID: 33068928 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second most extended disease during the world with an improved death rate over the past several time. Due to the restrictions of cancer analysis methods, the patient's real survival rate is unknown. Therefore early stage diagnosis of cancer is crucial for its strong detection. Bio-analysis based on biomarkers may help to overcome this problem. Aptamers can be employed as high-affinity tools for cancer detection. The utilization of aptamer-based strategy in cancer investigation and strategy shows new opportunities in biotechnology. The label-free system is an important method to study biomolecules in different sizes, such as biomarkers in real-time because of their greatest sensitivity, selectivity, and multi examination. In this review (with 75 references), excellent features of the label-free aptasensors on the sensitive and accurate monitoring of cancer biomarkers were discussed. Also, the role of advanced of nanomaterials on the construction of label-free aptasensors were investigated. In addition, application of different detection methods such as electrochemical, optical, electronic, and photoelectrochemical (PEC), electrochemiluminescence (ECL) were surveyed. Finally, advantages and limitation of different strategies on the early stage diagnosis of cancer biomarkers were discussed. This article has been updated until July 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Solhi
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hasanzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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19
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Wang X, Wang H, Tang J, Wang S, Shi D, Shen H. Poly(amino acid) Multilayers Modified Dendritic Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Achieve Effective Enzyme Stability for Ultrasensitive Immunoassay. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:37906-37913. [PMID: 32804477 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c11523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is one of the most common techniques in biomedical detection; however, the poor sensitivity in early diagnosis for some diseases seriously limits its application. In this work, we developed an ultrasensitive ELISA system that is based on horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-loaded dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles (DMSN) modified with poly(amino acid) multilayers (defined as DSHP). A large amount of HRP adsorption was achieved in center-radial mesoporous channels of DMSN because of the high specific surface area and large pore size, leading to significant signal amplification. Additionally, DSHP could not only effectively maintain HRP activity for at least 10 days but also provide preferable protection for HRP activity even at high temperatures or a wide pH range. Moreover, the DSHP system exhibited admirable signal amplification performance with a limit of detection of 0.667 fM and a wide detectable range from 6.67 × 10-4 to 6.67 × 105 pM, whose sensitivity was 104 times higher than that of the conventional ELISA. We believe that the DSHP will offer a new strategy for signal amplification of the ELISA system in clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Hongyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Jinlong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Shihui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Dongjian Shi
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
| | - Heyun Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
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20
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Electrochemiluminescence biosensor for DNA hydroxymethylation detection based on enzyme-catalytic covalent bonding reaction of -CH 2OH and thiol functionalized Fe 3O 4 magnetic beads. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 150:111908. [PMID: 31786019 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
5-Hydroxymethylcytosine (5 hmC) is a novel epigenetic modification that plays an important role in mammalian nuclear reprogramming, regulation of gene activity, and initiation of DNA demethylation. In this paper, an electrochemiluminescence sensor was constructed for 5 hmC detection based on thiol functional Fe3O4 magnetic beads and covalent chemical reaction of -CH2OH in 5 hmC. First, Fe3O4 magnetic beads were prepared and modified with thiol. Then, 5 hmC was captured on the surface of the magnetic beads by the reaction between -CH2OH of 5 hmC and -SH of the thiol-functionalized Fe3O4 under the catalysis of DNA methyltransferase (M. HhaI). After that, through a series of reactions, phos-tag-biotin, avidin, and bis(hexafluorophosphate) (Ru (bpy)2 (phen-5-NH2) (PF6)2) (Ru) were further successively immobilized on the surface of the magnetic beads. More importantly, these reactions were carried out in a solution to ensure the activity of the biomolecules, and further to ensure that the reaction proceeded sufficiently. Finally, an ECL signal was generated by the introduction of Ru. The concentration of 5 hmC presented a good linear relationship with the ECL signal intensity in the range of 0.01-500 nM, and the detection limit was 2.86 pM. Moreover, we also used this method to study the 5 hmC content change in rice seedlings treated with antibiotics and heavy metal composite pollutants, and in chicken embryo fibroblast cell infected with and without avian leukosis virus subgroup J.
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21
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Chen Y, Mei LP, Feng JJ, Yuan PX, Luo X, Wang AJ. Simple one-pot aqueous synthesis of 3D superstructured PtCoCuPd alloyed tripods with hierarchical branches for ultrasensitive immunoassay of cardiac troponin I. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 145:111638. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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22
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Liu W, Sun S, Huang Y, Wang R, Xu J, Liu X, Qian K. Label-Free Detection of Transferrin Receptor by a Designed Ligand-Protein Sensor. Chem Asian J 2019; 15:56-60. [PMID: 31777201 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201901512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Advanced detection of biomarkers in biofluids plays an important role in disease diagnosis and prognosis. Current techniques with pre-labelling suffer from high cost and complicated operation, etc. Herein, we designed a label-free electrochemical biosensor for rapid detection of transferrin receptor with desirable linear range, sensitivity, specificity, reproducibility, and stability for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanshan Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P. R. China
| | - Shiyu Sun
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P. R. China
| | - Yida Huang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P. R. China
| | - Ruimin Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P. R. China
| | - Jiale Xu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P. R. China
| | - Xiyuan Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P. R. China
| | - Kun Qian
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P. R. China
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23
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Feng Q, Qin L, Wang M, Wang P. Signal-on electrochemical detection of DNA methylation based on the target-induced conformational change of a DNA probe and exonuclease III-assisted target recycling. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 149:111847. [PMID: 31733487 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A promising electrochemical system was explored for DNA methylation detection according to the construction of a signal-on biosensor. Based on the ingenious design of probe DNA and auxiliary DNA, methylated target DNA triggered the exonuclease III (Exo III) digestion of auxiliary DNA from 3'-terminus, resulting in the conformational change of probe DNA with an electroactive methylene blue (MB) tag at 5'-terminus. Consequently, the MB tag in the probe DNA was close to the electrode surface for electron transfer, generating an increased current signal. Because of the target recycling of methylated DNA, significant signal amplification was obtained. Moreover, bisulfite conversion conferred an efficient approach for the universal analysis of any CpG sites without the restriction of specific DNA sequence. As a result, the target DNA with different methylation statuses were clearly recognized, and the fully methylated DNA was quantified in a wide range from 10 fM to 100 pM, with a detection limit of 4 fM. The present work realized the assay of methylated target DNA in serum samples with satisfactory results, illustrating the application performance of the system in complex sample matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiumei Feng
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Li Qin
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Mengying Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Po Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China.
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24
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Zhang Z, Guan Y, Xu G, Guo C. A new washing-free immunosensor for tumor marker detection based on functionalized Fe3O4 submicron particles. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.03.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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25
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Zhang C, Li D, Li D, Wen K, Yang X, Zhu Y. Rolling circle amplification-mediated in situ synthesis of palladium nanoparticles for the ultrasensitive electrochemical detection of microRNA. Analyst 2019; 144:3817-3825. [PMID: 31086898 DOI: 10.1039/c9an00427k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Herein, an ultrasensitive and label-free electrochemical biosensor was developed for microRNA (miRNA) based on rolling circle amplification (RCA)-mediated palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs). The sensor was fabricated by immobilizing dual-functionalized hairpin probes onto an electrode. The specific recognition of target miRNA-21 by the hairpin probes could trigger the RCA reaction, which produced numerous guanine (G)-rich long single-stranded DNAs (ssDNAs). Based on the interaction of the PdII species with the nitrogen atoms of the G bases, these G-rich long ssDNAs served as specific templates in the in situ synthesis of massive PdNPs as electrochemical indicators. The formation of PdNPs was demonstrated to be exactly along the RCA products by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Using this cascade signal amplification strategy, the developed biosensor achieved a linear range of 50 aM-100 fM with an ultralow detection limit of 8.6 aM miRNA-21. Furthermore, the developed biosensor exhibited good selectivity, reproducibility, stability and satisfactory feasibility for miRNA-21 detection in human serum samples; this ensured significant potential of this biosensor in disease diagnosis and prognosis applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiling Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Dan Li
- Jinan Science and Technology Innovation Promotion Center, Jinan 250102, China
| | - Dongwei Li
- Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Kai Wen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Xingdong Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Ye Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
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26
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Cauteruccio S, Licandro E, Panigati M, D'Alfonso G, Maiorana S. Modifying the properties of organic molecules by conjugation with metal complexes: The case of peptide nucleic acids and of the intrinsically chiral thiahelicenes. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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27
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Contreras-Naranjo JE, Aguilar O. Suppressing Non-Specific Binding of Proteins onto Electrode Surfaces in the Development of Electrochemical Immunosensors. BIOSENSORS 2019; 9:E15. [PMID: 30669262 PMCID: PMC6468902 DOI: 10.3390/bios9010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemical immunosensors, EIs, are systems that combine the analytical power of electrochemical techniques and the high selectivity and specificity of antibodies in a solid phase immunoassay for target analyte. In EIs, the most used transducer platforms are screen printed electrodes, SPEs. Some characteristics of EIs are their low cost, portability for point of care testing (POCT) applications, high specificity and selectivity to the target molecule, low sample and reagent consumption and easy to use. Despite all these attractive features, still exist one to cover and it is the enhancement of the sensitivity of the EIs. In this review, an approach to understand how this can be achieved is presented. First, it is necessary to comprise thoroughly all the complex phenomena that happen simultaneously in the protein-surface interface when adsorption of the protein occurs. Physicochemical properties of the protein and the surface as well as the adsorption phenomena influence the sensitivity of the EIs. From this point, some strategies to suppress non-specific binding, NSB, of proteins onto electrode surfaces in order to improve the sensitivity of EIs are mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús E Contreras-Naranjo
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias. Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, N.L., Mexico.
| | - Oscar Aguilar
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias. Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, N.L., Mexico.
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28
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Fabrication of an ultrasensitive and selective electrochemical aptasensor to detect carcinoembryonic antigen by using a new nanocomposite. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 129:1-6. [PMID: 30677696 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
A lable-free electrochemical aptasensor was successfully developed for the sensitive detection of carcinoembryonic antigen as a tumor biomarker. To do this, a ternary nanocomposite of hemin, graphene oxide and multi-walled carbon nanotubes was used. The aptamer can be attached to the surface of a hemin, graphene oxide and multi-walled carbon nanotubes glassy carbon electrode through -NHCO- covalent bonds to form a sensing surface. Through fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy, it was indicated that hemin can be successfully incorporated into hemin, graphene oxide and multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Hemin, which protects graphene nanosheets, also serves as an in-situ probe owing to its well-defined redox properties. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes in the modifier enhance conductivity and facilitate the electron transfer between hemin and the glassy carbon electrode. In this study, carcinoembryonic antigen got specifically bound to the aptamer, and the current changes were used for selective and specific detection of that antigen. The devised aptasensor proved to have excellent performance with a wide linear range of 1.0 × 10-15 - 1.0 × 10-8 gmL-1 and a detection limit of 0.82 fg mL-1. The inter-day and intra-day values of RSD% were obtained in the range of 0.10-2.91 and 2.21-4.56 respectively. According to the experiments conducted on real samples, it may be claimed that the proposed label-free electrochemical aptasensor is capable enough of determining carcinoembryonic antigen in clinical diagnostics.
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29
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Ji X, Lv H, Sun X, Ding C. Green-emitting carbon dot loaded silica nanoparticles coated with DNA-cross-linked hydrogels for sensitive carcinoembryonic antigen detection and effective targeted cancer therapy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:15101-15104. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc07831b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Bifunctional composite nanospheres for carcinoembryonic antigen sensing and targeted drug delivery, based on carbon dot loaded silica nanoparticles coated with DNA-cross-linked hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Ji
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science
- Ministry of Education
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biochemical Analysis
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science in Universities of Shandong
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
| | - Haoyuan Lv
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science
- Ministry of Education
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biochemical Analysis
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science in Universities of Shandong
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
| | - Xinxin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science
- Ministry of Education
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biochemical Analysis
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science in Universities of Shandong
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
| | - Caifeng Ding
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science
- Ministry of Education
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biochemical Analysis
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science in Universities of Shandong
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
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30
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Xiong E, Jiang L. An ultrasensitive electrochemical immunoassay based on a proximity hybridization-triggered three-layer cascade signal amplification strategy. Analyst 2019; 144:634-640. [DOI: 10.1039/c8an01800f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
An ultrasensitive electrochemical immunoassay based on a proximity hybridization-triggered three-layer cascade signal amplification strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erhu Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha
- P. R. China
| | - Ling Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha
- P. R. China
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31
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Zhang Y, Huang X, Luo F, Lei Y, Chen L, Weng Z, Guo L, Lin Z. Highly sensitive electrochemical immunosensor for golgi protein 73 based on proximity ligation assay and enzyme-powered recycling amplification. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1040:150-157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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32
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Ma J, Shi H, Zhang M, Li C, Xiang Y, Liu P. A homogeneous, Anti-dsDNA antibody-based assay for multicolor detection of cancer stem cell transcription factors. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1029:72-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.04.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Kim HY, Sato S, Takenaka S, Lee MH. Membrane-Based Microwave-Mediated Electrochemical Immunoassay for the In Vitro, Highly Sensitive Detection of Osteoporosis-Related Biomarkers. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 18:E2933. [PMID: 30181433 PMCID: PMC6163632 DOI: 10.3390/s18092933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Highly sensitive and multiplexed in vitro detection of osteoporosis-related biochemical markers were carried out based on the membrane-based microwave-mediated electrochemical immunoassay (MMeEIA), where we can dramatically reduce the sample preparation time by shortening the incubation time of conjugation to obtain sensitive detection based on three dimensional conjugation of antibodies with target antigens in nylon membrane disk. C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen (CTx), Osteocalcin (OC), parathyroid hormone (PTH), and N-terminal propeptide of type I collagen (P1NP), which can be utilized to monitor the progress of osteoporosis, were quantified using their corresponding antibody immobilized in membranes. Coefficient of variations in this intra- and inter-assays were within 8.0% for all markers. When compared with data obtained from clinically used standard equipment (Roche modular E170), their coefficients of determination, R² values, are mostly more than 0.9. They show that the results obtained from MMeEIA are in good agreement with that from the conventional clinical instruments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Youn Kim
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 06974, Korea.
| | - Shinobu Sato
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Research Center for Biomicrosensing Technology, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Fukuoka 804-8550, Japan.
| | - Shigeori Takenaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Research Center for Biomicrosensing Technology, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Fukuoka 804-8550, Japan.
| | - Min-Ho Lee
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 06974, Korea.
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Zhao G, Wang Y, Li X, Dong X, Wang H, Du B, Cao W, Wei Q. Quenching Electrochemiluminescence Immunosensor Based on Resonance Energy Transfer between Ruthenium (II) Complex Incorporated in the UiO-67 Metal-Organic Framework and Gold Nanoparticles for Insulin Detection. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:22932-22938. [PMID: 29916688 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b04786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This work describes a sandwich-type electrochemiluminescence (ECL) strategy for insulin detection by using Ru(bpy)32+ as the luminophore which was encapsulated in the UiO-67 metal-organic framework (UiO-67/Ru(bpy)32+). Because UiO-67 possesses the characteristics of large specific surface area and porosity, more Ru(bpy)32+ could be loaded onto its surface and holes, thus greatly improving the ECL efficiency. Furthermore, the ECL resonance energy transfer (ECL-RET) could occur between UiO-67/Ru(bpy)32+ (ECL donor) and Au@SiO2 nanoparticles (ECL acceptor), resulting in a conspicuously decreased ECL response. The ECL spectrum of UiO-67/Ru(bpy)32+ which exhibited strong ECL intensity has suitable spectral overlap with the absorption spectrum of Au@SiO2, which further proved the occurrence of the ECL-RET action. The ECL intensity decreased with the increase of the concentration of insulin. In addition, the sandwich-type ECL immunosensor was applied to insulin detection, and the ECL decrease efficiency was found to be logarithmically related to the concentration of the insulin antigen in the range of 0.0025 to 50 ng mL-1 with the limit of detection of 0.001 ng mL-1. Meanwhile, this work provides an important reference for the application of metal-organic frameworks in the ECL and ECL-RET study and also exhibits potential capability in the detection of other hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanhui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , University of Jinan , Jinan 250022 , PR China
| | - Yaoguang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , University of Jinan , Jinan 250022 , PR China
| | - Xiaojian Li
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , University of Jinan , Jinan 250022 , PR China
| | - Xue Dong
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , University of Jinan , Jinan 250022 , PR China
| | - Huan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , University of Jinan , Jinan 250022 , PR China
| | - Bin Du
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , University of Jinan , Jinan 250022 , PR China
| | - Wei Cao
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , University of Jinan , Jinan 250022 , PR China
| | - Qin Wei
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , University of Jinan , Jinan 250022 , PR China
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Chen Z, Duan X, Wei H, Tang S, Xu C, Li Y, Guan Y, Zhao G. Screening oligonucleotide sequences for silver staining and d-galactose visual detection using RCA silver staining in a tube. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2018; 50:507-515. [PMID: 29635339 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmy034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Oligonucleotides were screened for strongly silver-stained repetitive sequences. An 'AG'-clustered purine sequence showed strong staining, and the staining density can be compromised by disrupting the continuity of the 'AG'-clustered sequence. The staining-favored sequence was then employed in rolling circle amplification (RCA) for its product detection. A tube-staining method was developed for convenient and visual RCA assay. Moreover, by introducing GalR into RCA, d-galactose was detected by RCA tube-staining with naked eyes without any equipment. About 10 mM d-galactose can be easily identified, and the detection of d-galactose was specific in comparison with that of several other monosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Xuying Duan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Hua Wei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Suming Tang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Chidong Xu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Center of Medical Physics and Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Yanlei Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Center of Medical Physics and Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Yifu Guan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Guojie Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
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Wang Y, Zhao G, Wang H, Cao W, Du B, Wei Q. Sandwich-type electrochemical immunoassay based on Co3O4@MnO2-thionine and pseudo-ELISA method toward sensitive detection of alpha fetoprotein. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 106:179-185. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Lu R, Li S, Fan M, Wei J, Liu X. Single-step and ultrasensitive detection of carcinoembryonic antigen based on an aptamer transduction-mediated exonuclease III-assisted dual-amplification strategy. RSC Adv 2018; 8:14663-14668. [PMID: 35540776 PMCID: PMC9079936 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra00416a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, a single-step, rapid and homogenous fluorescence approach for highly sensitive and specific detection of CEA was successfully constructed for the first time using an aptamer binding-induced exonuclease III (Exo III)-mediated dual-amplification strategy. When present, CEA can specifically combine with the aptamer region in H1, resulting in a conformational change of H1 and the exposure of the occluded DNA fragment in the stem regions. Successively, the exposed DNA fragment partially hybridizes with H2 to initiate Exo III-assisted cycling cleavage to release another DNA fragment, which can in turn activate the cycling cleavage of the DNA fluorescence substrate (FS). Therefore, many fluorophore fragments are liberated to produce a significantly amplified fluorescence signal toward CEA detection. By virtue of the Exo III-assisted dual-amplification strategy, this method allows the detection of CEA at the fg mL-1 level with excellent selectivity. Compared with other reported strategies for CEA detection, the Exo III-assisted dual-amplification homogeneous platform only requires a one-step reaction, offering a very simple and low-cost detection. The practical ability of the developed strategy is demonstrated by the detection of CEA in human serum with satisfactory results. Thus, this method shows great potential in assays of many other biological analytes in clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruojun Lu
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin 300020 China
| | - Shengqiang Li
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin 300020 China
| | - Meihong Fan
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin 300020 China
| | - Jingjing Wei
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin 300020 China
| | - Xu Liu
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin 300020 China
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Li X, Shen C, Yang M, Rasooly A. Polycytosine DNA Electric-Current-Generated Immunosensor for Electrochemical Detection of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2). Anal Chem 2018; 90:4764-4769. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China, 410083
| | - Congcong Shen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China, 410083
| | - Minghui Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China, 410083
| | - Avraham Rasooly
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
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