1
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Dey K, Jayaraman N. Trivalent dialkylaminopyridine-catalyzed site-selective mono- O-acylation of partially-protected pyranosides. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:5134-5149. [PMID: 38847370 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00599f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
This work demonstrates trivalent tris-(3-N-methyl-N-pyridyl propyl)amine (1) catalyzing the site-selective mono-O-acylation of glycopyranosides. Different acid anhydrides were used for the acylation of monosaccharides, mediated by catalyst 1, at a loading of 1.5 mol%; the extent of site-selectivity and the yields of mono-O-acylation products were assessed. The reactions were performed between 2 and 10 h, depending on the nature of the acid anhydride, where the bulkier pivalic anhydride required a longer duration for acylation. The glycopyranosides are maintained as diols and triols, and from a set of experiments, the site-selectivity of acylations was observed to follow the intrinsic reactivities and stereochemistry of hydroxy functionalities. The trivalent catalyst 1 mediates the reactions with excellent site-selectivities for mono-O-acylation product formation in the studied glycopyranosides, in comparison to the monovalent N,N-dimethylamino pyridine (DMAP) catalyst. This study illustrates the benefits of the multivalency of catalytic moieties in catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyan Dey
- Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
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2
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Seitz A, Wende RC, Schreiner PR. Site-Selective Acylation of Pyranosides with Immobilized Oligopeptide Catalysts in Flow. Chemistry 2022; 29:e202203002. [PMID: 36538197 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We report the site-selective acetylation of partially protected monosaccharides using immobilized oligopeptide catalysts, which are readily accessible via solid-phase peptide synthesis. The catalysts are able to invert the intrinsic selectivity, which was determined using N-methylimidazole, for a variety of pyranosides. We demonstrate that the catalysts are stable for multiple reaction cycles and can be easily reused after separation from the reaction solution. The catalysts can also be used in flow without loss of reactivity and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Seitz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Raffael C Wende
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Peter R Schreiner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany
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3
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Fallek R, Ashush N, Fallek A, Fleischer O, Portnoy M. Controlling the Site Selectivity in Acylations of Amphiphilic Diols: Directing the Reaction toward the Apolar Domain in a Model Diol and the Midecamycin A 1 Macrolide Antibiotic. J Org Chem 2022; 87:9688-9698. [PMID: 35801540 PMCID: PMC9361358 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Seeking to improve the site selectivity of acylation of amphiphilic diols, which is induced by imidazole-based nucleophilic catalysts and directs the reaction toward apolar sites, as we recently reported, we examined a new improved catalytic design and an alteration of the acylating agent. The new catalysts performed slightly better selectivity-wise in the model reaction, compared to the previous set, but notably could be prepared in a much more synthetically economic way. The change of the acylating agent from anhydride to acyl chloride, particularly in combination with the new catalysts, accelerated the reaction and increased the selectivity in favor of the apolar site. The new selectivity-inducing techniques were applied to midecamycin, a natural amphiphilic antibiotic possessing a secondary alcohol moiety in each of its two domains, polar as well as apolar. In the case of the anhydride, a basic dimethylamino group, decorating this substrate, overrides the catalyst's selectivity preference and forces selective acylation of the alcohol in the polar domain with a more than 91:1 ratio of the monoacylated products. To counteract the internal base influence, an acid additive was used or the acylating agent was changed to acyl chloride. The latter adjustment leads, in combination with our best catalyst, to the reversal of the ratio between the products to 1:11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reut Fallek
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly
Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv
University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Natali Ashush
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly
Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv
University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Amit Fallek
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly
Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv
University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Or Fleischer
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly
Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv
University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Moshe Portnoy
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly
Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv
University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
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4
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Wen P, Jia P, Fan Q, McCarty BJ, Tang W. Streamlined Iterative Assembly of Thio-Oligosaccharides by Aqueous S-Glycosylation of Diverse Deoxythio Sugars. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202102483. [PMID: 34911160 PMCID: PMC9100857 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202102483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A streamlined iterative assembly of thio-oligosaccharides was developed by aqueous glycosylation. Facile syntheses of various deoxythio sugars with the sulfur on different positions from commercially available starting materials were described. These syntheses featured efficient chemical methods including our recently reported BTM-catalyzed site-selective acylation. The resulting deoxythio sugars could then be used for the Ca(OH)2 -promoted protecting group-free S-glycosylation in water at room temperature. The aqueous glycosylation reaction proceeded smoothly to afford the corresponding 1,2-trans S-glycosides in good yields with high chemo- and stereoselectivity. An appropriate choice of protecting groups for the thiol in the glycosyl donor was necessary for the development of iterative synthesis of thio-oligosaccharides. The aqueous glycosylation was then applied to the synthesis of a trimannoside moiety of N-linked glycans core region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Peijing Jia
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Qiuhua Fan
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Bethany J McCarty
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Weiping Tang
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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5
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Seitz A, Wende RC, Roesner E, Niedek D, Topp C, Colgan AC, McGarrigle EM, Schreiner PR. Site-Selective Acylation of Pyranosides with Oligopeptide Catalysts. J Org Chem 2021; 86:3907-3922. [PMID: 33617252 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report the oligopeptide-catalyzed site-selective acylation of partially protected monosaccharides. We identified catalysts that invert site-selectivity compared to N-methylimidazole, which was used to determine the intrinsic reactivity, for 4,6-O-protected glucopyranosides (trans-diols) as well as 4,6-O-protected mannopyranosides (cis-diols). The reaction yields up to 81% of the inherently unfavored 2-O-acetylated products with selectivities up to 15:1 using mild reaction conditions. We also determined the influence of protecting groups on the reaction and demonstrate that our protocol is suitable for one-pot reactions with multiple consecutive protection steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Seitz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Raffael C Wende
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Emily Roesner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Dominik Niedek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Christopher Topp
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Avene C Colgan
- Centre for Synthesis & Chemical Biology, UCD School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Eoghan M McGarrigle
- Centre for Synthesis & Chemical Biology, UCD School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Peter R Schreiner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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6
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Lei JC, Ruan YX, Luo S, Yang JS. Stereodirecting Effect of C3-Ester Groups on the Glycosylation Stereochemistry of L-Rhamnopyranose Thioglycoside Donors: Stereoselective Synthesis of α- and β-L-Rhamnopyranosides. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Cai Lei
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry; Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology; West China School of Pharmacy, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital; Sichuan University; 610041 Chengdu China
| | - Yu-Xiong Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry; Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology; West China School of Pharmacy, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital; Sichuan University; 610041 Chengdu China
| | - Sheng Luo
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry; Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology; West China School of Pharmacy, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital; Sichuan University; 610041 Chengdu China
| | - Jin-Song Yang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry; Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology; West China School of Pharmacy, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital; Sichuan University; 610041 Chengdu China
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7
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Blaszczyk SA, Xiao G, Wen P, Hao H, Wu J, Wang B, Carattino F, Li Z, Glazier DA, McCarty BJ, Liu P, Tang W. S
‐Adamantyl Group Directed Site‐Selective Acylation: Applications in Streamlined Assembly of Oligosaccharides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201903587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A. Blaszczyk
- School of PharmacyUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison 777 Highland Avenue Madison WI 53705 USA
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison 1101 University Avenue Madison WI 53706 USA
| | - Guozhi Xiao
- School of PharmacyUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison 777 Highland Avenue Madison WI 53705 USA
| | - Peng Wen
- School of PharmacyUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison 777 Highland Avenue Madison WI 53705 USA
| | - Hua Hao
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Pittsburgh 219 Parkman Avenue Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - Jessica Wu
- School of PharmacyUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison 777 Highland Avenue Madison WI 53705 USA
| | - Bo Wang
- School of PharmacyUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison 777 Highland Avenue Madison WI 53705 USA
| | - Francisco Carattino
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Pittsburgh 219 Parkman Avenue Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - Ziyuan Li
- School of PharmacyUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison 777 Highland Avenue Madison WI 53705 USA
| | - Daniel A. Glazier
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison 1101 University Avenue Madison WI 53706 USA
| | - Bethany J. McCarty
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison 1101 University Avenue Madison WI 53706 USA
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Pittsburgh 219 Parkman Avenue Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - Weiping Tang
- School of PharmacyUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison 777 Highland Avenue Madison WI 53705 USA
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison 1101 University Avenue Madison WI 53706 USA
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8
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Blaszczyk SA, Xiao G, Wen P, Hao H, Wu J, Wang B, Carattino F, Li Z, Glazier DA, McCarty BJ, Liu P, Tang W. S-Adamantyl Group Directed Site-Selective Acylation: Applications in Streamlined Assembly of Oligosaccharides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:9542-9546. [PMID: 31066162 PMCID: PMC6663581 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201903587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The site-selective functionalization of carbohydrates is an active area of research. Reported here is the surprising observation that the sterically encumbered adamantyl group directed site-selective acylation at the C2 position of S-glycosides through dispersion interactions between the adamantyl C-H bonds and the π system of the cationic acylated catalyst, which may have broad implications in many other chemical reactions. Because of their stability, chemical orthogonality, and ease of activation for glycosylation, the site-selective acylation of S-glycosides streamlines oligosaccharide synthesis and will have wide applications in complex carbohydrate synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A Blaszczyk
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Guozhi Xiao
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Peng Wen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Hua Hao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Jessica Wu
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Bo Wang
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Francisco Carattino
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Ziyuan Li
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Daniel A Glazier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Bethany J McCarty
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Weiping Tang
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
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9
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Dimakos V, Taylor MS. Site-Selective Functionalization of Hydroxyl Groups in Carbohydrate Derivatives. Chem Rev 2018; 118:11457-11517. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Dimakos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Mark S. Taylor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada
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10
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Recent advances in site-selective functionalization of carbohydrates mediated by organocatalysts. Carbohydr Res 2018; 471:64-77. [PMID: 30508658 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2018.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
As one of the four fundamental building blocks of life, carbohydrates assume varied and expansive roles in biological contexts. More in-depth understanding of carbohydrates and their interactions, however, is often restricted by our inability to synthesize and subsequently functionalize them in a site-selective manner. This review will summarize recent advances in the site-selective functionalization of carbohydrates using organocatalysts, including achiral catalysts, chiral nucleophilic bases, chiral N-heterocyclic carbenes, and chiral phosphoric acids, with an emphasis on the catalytic nature in each case. As in many endeavors, taking an alternative approach can often lead to success, and selected examples of these achievements will be highlighted as well.
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11
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Martin Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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12
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Wang HY, Blaszczyk SA, Xiao G, Tang W. Chiral reagents in glycosylation and modification of carbohydrates. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:681-701. [PMID: 29206256 DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00432j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrates play a significant role in numerous biological events, and the chemical synthesis of carbohydrates is vital for further studies to understand their various biological functions. Due to the structural complexity of carbohydrates, the stereoselective formation of glycosidic linkages and the site-selective modification of hydroxyl groups are very challenging and at the same time extremely important. In recent years, the rapid development of chiral reagents including both chiral auxiliaries and chiral catalysts has significantly improved the stereoselectivity for glycosylation reactions and the site-selectivity for the modification of carbohydrates. These new tools will greatly facilitate the efficient synthesis of oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, and glycoconjugates. In this tutorial review, we will summarize these advances and highlight the most recent examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Yuan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
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13
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Tay JH, Argüelles AJ, DeMars MD, Zimmerman PM, Sherman DH, Nagorny P. Regiodivergent Glycosylations of 6-Deoxy-erythronolide B and Oleandomycin-Derived Macrolactones Enabled by Chiral Acid Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:8570-8578. [PMID: 28627172 PMCID: PMC5553906 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b03198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This work describes the first example of using chiral catalysts to control site-selectivity for the glycosylations of complex polyols such as 6-deoxyerythronolide B and oleandomycin-derived macrolactones. The regiodivergent introduction of sugars at the C3, C5, and C11 positions of macrolactones was achieved by selecting appropriate chiral acids as catalysts or through introduction of stoichiometric boronic acid-based additives. BINOL-based chiral phosphoric acids (CPAs) were used to catalyze highly selective glycosylations at the C5 positions of macrolactones (up to 99:1 rr), whereas the use of SPINOL-based CPAs resulted in selectivity switch and glycosylation of the C3 alcohol (up to 91:9 rr). Additionally, the C11 position of macrolactones was selectively functionalized through traceless protection of the C3/C5 diol with boronic acids prior to glycosylation. Investigation of the reaction mechanism for the CPA-controlled glycosylations revealed the involvement of covalently linked anomeric phosphates rather than oxocarbenium ion pairs as the reactive intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Hui Tay
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 United States
| | - Alonso J. Argüelles
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 United States
| | - Matthew D. DeMars
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 United States
| | - Paul M. Zimmerman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 United States
| | - David H. Sherman
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 United States
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 United States
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 United States
| | - Pavel Nagorny
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 United States
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 United States
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