1
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González JA, Arribas A, Tian P, Díaz-Alonso S, Mascareñas JL, López F, Nevado C. Gold(III) Auracycles Featuring C(sp 3)-Au-C(sp 2) Bonds: Synthesis and Mechanistic Insights into the Cycloauration Step. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202402798. [PMID: 38776235 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202402798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
The direct auration of arenes is a key step in numerous gold-catalyzed reactions. Although reported more than 100 years ago, understanding of its underlying mechanism has been hampered by the difficulties in the isolation of relevant intermediates given the propensity of gold(III) species to undergo reductive elimination. Here, we report the synthesis and isolation of a new family of intriguing zwitterionic [C(sp3)^C(sp2)]-auracyclopentanes, as well as of their alkyl-gold(III) precursors and demonstrate their value as mechanistic probes to study the C(sp2)-Au bond-forming event. Experimental investigations employing Kinetic Isotope Effects (KIE), Hammett plot, and Eyring analysis provided important insights into the formation of the auracycle. The data suggest a SEAr mechanism wherein the slowest step might be the π-coordination between the arene and the gold(III) center, en route to the Wheland intermediate. We also show that these auracyclopentanes can work as catalysts in several gold-promoted transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge A González
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Andrés Arribas
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Puyang Tian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Sergio Díaz-Alonso
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José Luis Mascareñas
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Fernando López
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Misión Biológica de Galicia, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 36680, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Cristina Nevado
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland
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2
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Au(III) Cyclometallated Compounds with 2-Arylpyridines and Their Derivatives or Analogues: 34 Years (1989–2022) of NMR and Single Crystal X-ray Studies. INORGANICS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics11030100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A review paper on Au(III) cyclometallated compounds with 2-arylpyridines (2-phenylpyridine, 2-benzylpyridine, 2-benzoylpyridine, 2-phenoxypyridine, 2-phenylsulfanylpyridine, 2-anilinopyridine, 2-(naphth-2-yl)pyridine, 2-(9,9-dialkylfluoren-2-yl)pyridines, 2-(dibenzofuran-4-yl)pyridine, and their derivatives) and their analogues (2-arylquinolines, 1- and 3-arylisoquinolines, 7,8-benzoquinoline), with 113 references. A total of 554 species, containing κ2-N(1),C(6′)*-Au(III), or analogous moiety (i.e., chelated by nitrogen of the pyridine-like ring and the deprotonated ortho- carbon of the phenyl-like ring) and, thus, possessing a character intermediate between metal complexes and organometallics, studied in the years 1989–2022 by NMR spectroscopy and/or single crystal X-ray diffraction (207 X-ray structures), are described. The compounds for which biological or catalytic activity and the luminescence properties were studied are also quoted.
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3
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Holmsen MSM, Blons C, Amgoune A, Regnacq M, Lesage D, Sosa Carrizo ED, Lavedan P, Gimbert Y, Miqueu K, Bourissou D. Mechanism of Alkyne Hydroarylation Catalyzed by (P,C)-Cyclometalated Au(III) Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:22722-22733. [PMID: 36455211 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c10737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Over the last 5-10 years, gold(III) catalysis has developed rapidly. It often shows complementary if not unique features compared to gold(I) catalysis. While recent work has enabled major synthetic progress in terms of scope and efficiency, very little is yet known about the mechanism of Au(III)-catalyzed transformations and the relevant key intermediates have rarely been authenticated. Here, we report a detailed experimental/computational mechanistic study of the recently reported intermolecular hydroarylation of alkynes catalyzed by (P,C)-cyclometalated Au(III) complexes. The cationic (P,C)Au(OAcF)+ complex (OAcF = OCOCF3) was authenticated by mass spectrometry (MS) in the gas phase and multi-nuclear NMR spectroscopy in solution at low temperatures. According to density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the OAcF moiety is κ2-coordinated to gold in the ground state, but the corresponding κ1-forms featuring a vacant coordination site sit only slightly higher in energy. Side-on coordination of the alkyne to Au(III) then promotes nucleophilic addition of the arene. The energy profiles for the reaction between trimethoxybenzene (TMB) and diphenylacetylene (DPA) were computed by DFT. The activation barrier is significantly lower for the outer-sphere pathway than for the alternative inner-sphere mechanism involving C-H activation of the arene followed by migratory insertion. The π-complex of DPA was characterized by MS. An unprecedented σ-arene Au(III) complex with TMB was also authenticated both in the gas phase and in solution. The cationic complexes [(P,C)Au(OAcF)]+ and [(P,C)Au(OAcF)(σ-TMB)]+ stand as active species and off-cycle resting state during catalysis, respectively. This study provides a rational basis for the further development of Au(III) catalysis based on π-activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marte Sofie Martinsen Holmsen
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée - LHFA UMR 5069, CNRS/Université de Toulouse, UPS, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09, France.,Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1126 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway.,Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Charlie Blons
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée - LHFA UMR 5069, CNRS/Université de Toulouse, UPS, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09, France
| | - Abderrahmane Amgoune
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée - LHFA UMR 5069, CNRS/Université de Toulouse, UPS, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09, France
| | - Matthieu Regnacq
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire - IPCM UMR 8232, CNRS/Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, CC 229, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Denis Lesage
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire - IPCM UMR 8232, CNRS/Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, CC 229, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - E Daiann Sosa Carrizo
- CNRS/Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S-UPPA, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux - IPREM UMR 5254, Hélioparc. 2 Avenue du Président Angot, 64053 Pau Cedex 09, France
| | - Pierre Lavedan
- Institut de Chimie de Toulouse - ICT, CNRS/Université de Toulouse, UPS, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09, France
| | - Yves Gimbert
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire - IPCM UMR 8232, CNRS/Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, CC 229, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France.,Département de Chimie Moléculaire - DCM UMR 5250, CNRS/Université Grenoble Alpes, UGA, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Karinne Miqueu
- CNRS/Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S-UPPA, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux - IPREM UMR 5254, Hélioparc. 2 Avenue du Président Angot, 64053 Pau Cedex 09, France
| | - Didier Bourissou
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée - LHFA UMR 5069, CNRS/Université de Toulouse, UPS, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09, France
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4
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Masonheimer CL, Atwood MG, Hartzell SE, Reph EA, Pike RD, Stockland RA. Syn-Insertion of Alkynes into Gold–Phosphito Bonds: Stereoselectivity and Reversible Protodeauration. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carly L. Masonheimer
- Department of Chemistry, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, Pennsylvania 17837, United States
| | - Madeleine G. Atwood
- Department of Chemistry, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, Pennsylvania 17837, United States
| | - Susan E. Hartzell
- Department of Chemistry, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, Pennsylvania 17837, United States
| | - Erin A. Reph
- Department of Chemistry, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, Pennsylvania 17837, United States
| | - Robert D. Pike
- Department of Chemistry, The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, United States
| | - Robert A. Stockland
- Department of Chemistry, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, Pennsylvania 17837, United States
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5
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Abstract
In this contribution, we provide an overview of the main avenues that have emerged in gold coordination chemistry during the last years. The unique properties of gold have motivated research in gold chemistry, and especially regarding the properties and applications of gold compounds in catalysis, medicine, and materials chemistry. The advances in the synthesis and knowledge of gold coordination compounds have been possible with the design of novel ligands becoming relevant motifs that have allowed the preparation of elusive complexes in this area of research. Strong donor ligands with easily modulable electronic and steric properties, such as stable singlet carbenes or cyclometalated ligands, have been decisive in the stabilization of gold(0) species, gold fluoride complexes, gold hydrides, unprecedented π complexes, or cluster derivatives. These new ligands have been important not only from the fundamental structure and bonding studies but also for the synthesis of sophisticated catalysts to improve activity and selectivity of organic transformations. Moreover, they have enabled the facile oxidative addition from gold(I) to gold(III) and the design of a plethora of complexes with specific properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel P Herrera
- Laboratorio de Organocatálisis Asimétrica Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - M Concepción Gimeno
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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6
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Rocchigiani L, Bochmann M. Recent Advances in Gold(III) Chemistry: Structure, Bonding, Reactivity, and Role in Homogeneous Catalysis. Chem Rev 2020; 121:8364-8451. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Rocchigiani
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR47TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Manfred Bochmann
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR47TJ, United Kingdom
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7
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Rocchigiani L, Klooster WT, Coles SJ, Hughes DL, Hrobárik P, Bochmann M. Hydride Transfer to Gold: Yes or No? Exploring the Unexpected Versatility of Au⋅⋅⋅H−M Bonding in Heterobimetallic Dihydrides. Chemistry 2020; 26:8267-8280. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Rocchigiani
- School of ChemistryUniversity of East Anglia Norwich Research Park Norwich NR47TJ UK
| | - Wim T. Klooster
- National Crystallography ServiceSchool of ChemistryUniversity of Southampton Southampton SO171BJ UK
| | - Simon J. Coles
- National Crystallography ServiceSchool of ChemistryUniversity of Southampton Southampton SO171BJ UK
| | - David L. Hughes
- School of ChemistryUniversity of East Anglia Norwich Research Park Norwich NR47TJ UK
| | - Peter Hrobárik
- Department of Inorganic ChemistryFaculty of Natural SciencesComenius University 84215 Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Manfred Bochmann
- School of ChemistryUniversity of East Anglia Norwich Research Park Norwich NR47TJ UK
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8
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Dinda S, Patra SC, Roy S, Halder S, Weyhermüller T, Pramanik K, Ganguly S. Coligand driven diverse organometallation in benzothiazolyl-hydrazone derivatized pyrene: ortho vs. peri C–H activation. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj05088d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Divergent aromatic C–H activation at both ortho and peri positions in polyaromatic hydrocarbons has been successfully accomplished by suitable variation of the coligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumitra Dinda
- Department of Chemistry
- St. Xavier's College (Autonomous)
- Kolkata 700016
- India
| | - Sarat Chandra Patra
- Department of Chemistry
- Inorganic Chemistry Section
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata 700032
- India
| | - Subhadip Roy
- Department of Chemistry
- The ICFAI University Tripura
- India
| | - Supriyo Halder
- Department of Chemistry
- Inorganic Chemistry Section
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata 700032
- India
| | | | - Kausikisankar Pramanik
- Department of Chemistry
- Inorganic Chemistry Section
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata 700032
- India
| | - Sanjib Ganguly
- Department of Chemistry
- St. Xavier's College (Autonomous)
- Kolkata 700016
- India
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9
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Tabrizi L, Zouchoune B, Zaiter A. Theoretical and experimental study of gold(III), palladium(II), and platinum (II) complexes with 3-((4-nitrophenyl)thio)phenylcyanamide and 2,2′-bipyridine ligands: Cytotoxic activity and interaction with 9-methylguanine. Inorganica Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2019.119211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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10
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Lee CH, Tang MC, Kong FKW, Cheung WL, Ng M, Chan MY, Yam VWW. Isomeric Tetradentate Ligand-Containing Cyclometalated Gold(III) Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 142:520-529. [PMID: 31885257 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b11587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A simple one-pot two bond-forming reaction for the rapid construction of cyclometalated gold(III) complexes with fully π-conjugated tetradentate ligand is reported. The coupling of the bifunctional gold(III) precursor with the bifunctional aromatic compound has led to the formation of two regioisomers with either C- or N-coordination. Through monitoring by high-throughput high performance liquid chromatography, the regioselectivity of the reaction has been effectively tuned toward the formation of a single isomer, allowing easy separation of the metal complexes. The structures of the complexes have been determined by X-ray crystallography, and the photophysical, electrochemical, and electroluminescence (EL) studies have been carried out. Computational study has been performed to provide insights into the nature of the excited states. Isomeric effect has been shown to have a significant influence on the EL behavior of the organic light-emitting devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Ho Lee
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , P. R. China
| | - Man-Chung Tang
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , P. R. China
| | - Fred Ka-Wai Kong
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , P. R. China
| | - Wai-Lung Cheung
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , P. R. China
| | - Maggie Ng
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , P. R. China
| | - Mei-Yee Chan
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , P. R. China
| | - Vivian Wing-Wah Yam
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , P. R. China
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11
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Rodriguez J, Szalóki G, Sosa Carrizo ED, Saffon‐Merceron N, Miqueu K, Bourissou D. Gold(III) π‐Allyl Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 59:1511-1515. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201912314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Rodriguez
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée Université Paul Sabatier/CNRS UMR 5069 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 France
| | - György Szalóki
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée Université Paul Sabatier/CNRS UMR 5069 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 France
| | - E. Daiann Sosa Carrizo
- CNRS/UNIV PAU & PAYS ADOUR Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM UMR 5254), Hélioparc 2 Avenue du Président Angot 64053 Pau Cedex 09 France
| | | | - Karinne Miqueu
- CNRS/UNIV PAU & PAYS ADOUR Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM UMR 5254), Hélioparc 2 Avenue du Président Angot 64053 Pau Cedex 09 France
| | - Didier Bourissou
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée Université Paul Sabatier/CNRS UMR 5069 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 France
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12
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Rodriguez J, Szalóki G, Sosa Carrizo ED, Saffon‐Merceron N, Miqueu K, Bourissou D. Gold(III) π‐Allyl Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201912314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Rodriguez
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée Université Paul Sabatier/CNRS UMR 5069 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 France
| | - György Szalóki
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée Université Paul Sabatier/CNRS UMR 5069 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 France
| | - E. Daiann Sosa Carrizo
- CNRS/UNIV PAU & PAYS ADOUR Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM UMR 5254), Hélioparc 2 Avenue du Président Angot 64053 Pau Cedex 09 France
| | | | - Karinne Miqueu
- CNRS/UNIV PAU & PAYS ADOUR Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM UMR 5254), Hélioparc 2 Avenue du Président Angot 64053 Pau Cedex 09 France
| | - Didier Bourissou
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée Université Paul Sabatier/CNRS UMR 5069 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 France
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13
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Rocchigiani L, Budzelaar PHM, Bochmann M. Heterolytic bond activation at gold: evidence for gold(iii) H-B, H-Si complexes, H-H and H-C cleavage. Chem Sci 2019; 10:2633-2642. [PMID: 30996979 PMCID: PMC6425858 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc05229h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The coordinatively unsaturated gold(iii) chelate complex [(C^N-CH)Au(C6F5)]+ (1 +) reacts with main group hydrides H-BPin and H-SiEt3 in dichloromethane solution at -70 °C to form the corresponding σ-complexes, which were spectroscopically characterized (C^N-CH = 2-(C6H3Bu t )-6-(C6H4Bu t )pyridine anion; Pin = OCMe2CMe2O). In the presence of an external base such as diethyl ether, heterolytic cleavage of the silane H-Si bond leads to the gold hydrides [{(C^N-CH)AuC6F5}2(μ-H)]+ (2 +) and (C^N-CH)AuH(C6F5) (5), together with spectroscopically detected [Et3Si-OEt2]+. The activation of dihydrogen also involves heterolytic H-H bond cleavage but requires a higher temperature (-20 °C). H2 activation proceeds in two mechanistically distinct steps: the first leading to 2 plus [H(OEt2)2]+, the second to protonation of one of the C^N pyridine ligands and reductive elimination of C6F5H. By comparison, formation of gold hydrides by cleavage of suitably activated C-H bonds is very much more facile; e.g. the reaction of 1·OEt2 with Hantzsch ester is essentially instantaneous and quantitative at -30 °C. This is the first experimental observation of species involved in the initial steps of gold catalyzed hydroboration, hydrosilylation and hydrogenation and the first demonstration of the ability of organic C-H bonds to act as hydride donors towards gold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Rocchigiani
- School of Chemistry , University of East Anglia , Norwich Research Park , Norwich NR4 7TJ , UK . ;
| | - Peter H M Budzelaar
- Department of Chemistry , University of Naples Federico II , Via Cintia , 80126 Naples , Italy .
| | - Manfred Bochmann
- School of Chemistry , University of East Anglia , Norwich Research Park , Norwich NR4 7TJ , UK . ;
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14
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Li W, Yuan D, Wang G, Zhao Y, Xie J, Li S, Zhu C. Cooperative Au/Ag Dual-Catalyzed Cross-Dehydrogenative Biaryl Coupling: Reaction Development and Mechanistic Insight. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:3187-3197. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b12929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Weipeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Dandan Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Guoqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shuhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chengjian Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai 200032, China
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15
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Rocchigiani L, Fernandez-Cestau J, Chambrier I, Hrobárik P, Bochmann M. Unlocking Structural Diversity in Gold(III) Hydrides: Unexpected Interplay of cis/ trans-Influence on Stability, Insertion Chemistry, and NMR Chemical Shifts. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:8287-8302. [PMID: 29860842 PMCID: PMC6047844 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b04478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of new families of stable or at least spectroscopically observable gold(III) hydride complexes is reported, including anionic cis-hydrido chloride, hydrido aryl, and cis-dihydride complexes. Reactions between (C^C)AuCl(PR3) and LiHBEt3 afford the first examples of gold(III) phosphino hydrides (C^C)AuH(PR3) (R = Me, Ph, p-tolyl; C^C = 4,4'-di- tert-butylbiphenyl-2,2'-diyl). The X-ray structure of (C^C)AuH(PMe3) was determined. LiHBEt3 reacts with (C^C)AuCl(py) to give [(C^C)Au(H)Cl]-, whereas (C^C)AuH(PR3) undergoes phosphine displacement, generating the dihydride [(C^C)AuH2]-. Monohydrido complexes hydroaurate dimethylacetylene dicarboxylate to give Z-vinyls. (C^N^C)Au pincer complexes give the first examples of gold(III) bridging hydrides. Stability, reactivity and bonding characteristics of Au(III)-H complexes crucially depend on the interplay between cis and trans-influence. Remarkably, these new gold(III) hydrides extend the range of observed NMR hydride shifts from δ -8.5 to +7 ppm. Relativistic DFT calculations show that the origin of this wide chemical shift variability as a function of the ligands depends on the different ordering and energy gap between "shielding" Au(dπ)-based orbitals and "deshielding" σ(Au-H)-type MOs, which are mixed to some extent upon inclusion of spin-orbit (SO) coupling. The resulting 1H hydride shifts correlate linearly with the DFT optimized Au-H distances and Au-H bond covalency. The effect of cis ligands follows a nearly inverse ordering to that of trans ligands. This study appears to be the first systematic delineation of cis ligand influence on M-H NMR shifts and provides the experimental evidence for the dramatic change of the 1H hydride shifts, including the sign change, upon mutual cis and trans ligand alternation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Rocchigiani
- School
of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, NR4 7TJ Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Julio Fernandez-Cestau
- School
of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, NR4 7TJ Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Isabelle Chambrier
- School
of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, NR4 7TJ Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Hrobárik
- Institut
für Chemie, Technische Universität
Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
- Department
of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, SK-84215 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Manfred Bochmann
- School
of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, NR4 7TJ Norwich, United Kingdom
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16
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Rocchigiani L, Fernandez-Cestau J, Budzelaar PHM, Bochmann M. Reductive Elimination Leading to C−C Bond Formation in Gold(III) Complexes: A Mechanistic and Computational Study. Chemistry 2018; 24:8893-8903. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Rocchigiani
- School of Chemistry; University of East Anglia; Norwich Research Park NR47TJ Norwich UK
| | | | - Peter H. M. Budzelaar
- Department of Chemistry; University of Naples Federico II; Via Cintia 80126 Naples Italy
| | - Manfred Bochmann
- School of Chemistry; University of East Anglia; Norwich Research Park NR47TJ Norwich UK
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17
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Sorbelli D, Belpassi L, Tarantelli F, Belanzoni P. Ligand Effect on Bonding in Gold(III) Carbonyl Complexes. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:6161-6175. [PMID: 29741374 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We quantitatively assess the Dewar-Chatt-Duncanson (DCD) components of the Au(III)-CO bond and the charge density polarization at the CO, in a series of neutral, cationic, and dicationic bis- and monocyclometalated gold(III) complexes via charge-displacement (CD) analysis. A striking feature concerns the very small net electron charge flux from CO to the metal fragment which is unexpectedly stable toward both the charge of the complex and the oxidation state of gold (I, III). All systems exhibit a similar trend for the σ charge rearrangement in the region of the carbonyl bond, where, by contrast, the π back-donation trend variation is large, which is strictly correlated to the change in CO bond distance and the shift in CO stretching frequencies, in close analogy with the gold(I) carbonyl complexes. In the whole series of gold(III) compounds, a large Au(III) ← CO σ donation is measured (from 0.19 to 0.31 electrons), as well as a significant Au(III) → CO π back-donation (from -0.09 to -0.22 electrons), which however is not generally able to completely balance the polarization of the CO π electrons in the direction from oxygen to carbon (C ← O) induced by the presence of the metal fragment [LAu(III)]0/+1/+2. Surprisingly, all the gold(III) complexes in the series are characterized by a very small anisotropy in the Au(III) → CO in-plane and out-of-plane π back-donation components, in sharp contrast with the marked anisotropy found before for the experimentally characterized [(C^N^C)Au(III)CO]+ complex. A first attempt to figure out a rationale on the bonding/reactivity relationship for Au(III)-CO is made by performing a comparative study with an isostructural [(N^N^C)Pt(II)CO]+ complex in a model water-gas shift (WGS) reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leonardo Belpassi
- Consortium for Computational Molecular and Materials Sciences (CMS)2 , via Elce di Sotto 8 , I-06123 Perugia , Italy
| | - Francesco Tarantelli
- Consortium for Computational Molecular and Materials Sciences (CMS)2 , via Elce di Sotto 8 , I-06123 Perugia , Italy
| | - Paola Belanzoni
- Consortium for Computational Molecular and Materials Sciences (CMS)2 , via Elce di Sotto 8 , I-06123 Perugia , Italy
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18
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Serra J, Font P, Sosa Carrizo ED, Mallet-Ladeira S, Massou S, Parella T, Miqueu K, Amgoune A, Ribas X, Bourissou D. Cyclometalated gold(iii) complexes: noticeable differences between (N,C) and (P,C) ligands in migratory insertion. Chem Sci 2018; 9:3932-3940. [PMID: 29780525 PMCID: PMC5941201 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc04899h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gold(iii) complexes are garnering increasing interest for opto-electronic, therapeutic and catalytic applications.
Gold(iii) complexes are garnering increasing interest for opto-electronic, therapeutic and catalytic applications. But so far, very little is known about the factors controlling their reactivity and the very influence of the ancillary ligand. This article reports the first comprehensive study on this topic. The reactivity of a cationic (N,C) gold(iii) complex, namely 1A, towards ethylene has been thoroughly studied and compared with that of the related (P,C) complex 1C. A cationic gold(iii) complex 5A resulting from double insertion of ethylene was selectively obtained. Complex 5A was found to be remarkably stable. It was trapped with chloride and fully characterized. In marked contrast to that observed with 1C, no β-H elimination or linear-to-branched rearrangement of the alkyl chain occurred with 1A. The energy profile for the reactions of 1A with ethylene has been comprehensively investigated computationally, and the influence of the ancillary ligand has been precisely delineated. Because nitrogen is a weaker donor than carbon (and phosphorus), the (N,C) ligand is very electronically dissymmetric, much more than the (P,C) ligand. This makes the two reactive sites at gold quite different, which noticeably influences the competition between migratory insertion and β-H elimination, and actually changes the outcome of the olefin insertion at gold. This study provides valuable insight into the influence of ancillary ligands on gold(iii) reactivity, something critical to further develop Au(iii) and Au(i)/Au(iii) catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Serra
- QBIS-CAT Group , Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) , Departament de Química , Universitat de Girona , Campus Montilivi , Girona , E-17003 , Catalonia , Spain .
| | - Pau Font
- QBIS-CAT Group , Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) , Departament de Química , Universitat de Girona , Campus Montilivi , Girona , E-17003 , Catalonia , Spain .
| | - E Daiann Sosa Carrizo
- CNRS/UNIV PAU & PAYS ADOUR , Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM, UMR 5254) , Hélioparc , 2 Avenue du Président Angot , 64053 Pau Cedex 09 , France
| | - Sonia Mallet-Ladeira
- Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (FR 2599) , 118 Route de Narbonne , 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 , France
| | - Stéphane Massou
- Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (FR 2599) , 118 Route de Narbonne , 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 , France
| | - Teodor Parella
- Servei de RMN , Facultat de Ciències , Universitat Autonòma de Barcelona , Campus UAB , Bellaterra E-08193 , Catalonia , Spain
| | - Karinne Miqueu
- CNRS/UNIV PAU & PAYS ADOUR , Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM, UMR 5254) , Hélioparc , 2 Avenue du Président Angot , 64053 Pau Cedex 09 , France
| | - Abderrahmane Amgoune
- CNRS , Université Paul Sabatier , Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069) , 118 Route de Narbonne , 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 , France .
| | - Xavi Ribas
- QBIS-CAT Group , Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) , Departament de Química , Universitat de Girona , Campus Montilivi , Girona , E-17003 , Catalonia , Spain .
| | - Didier Bourissou
- CNRS , Université Paul Sabatier , Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069) , 118 Route de Narbonne , 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 , France .
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19
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Currie L, Rocchigiani L, Hughes DL, Bochmann M. Carbon–sulfur bond formation by reductive elimination of gold(iii) thiolates. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:6333-6343. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt00906f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Thiols were found to cleave Au–C bonds in (C^N^C)gold(iii) pincer complexes and to induce C–S reductive elimination reactions, to give aryl thioethers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Currie
- School of Chemistry
- University of East Anglia
- Norwich NR4 7TJ
- UK
| | | | - David L. Hughes
- School of Chemistry
- University of East Anglia
- Norwich NR4 7TJ
- UK
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20
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Abstract
Recent achievements in the preparation, characterization and reactivity of gold(iii) complexes of alkenes, alkynes and arenes are presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlie Blons
- CNRS
- Université Paul Sabatier
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale Appliquée (LHFA
- UMR 5069)
- 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09
| | - Abderrahmane Amgoune
- CNRS
- Université Paul Sabatier
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale Appliquée (LHFA
- UMR 5069)
- 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09
| | - Didier Bourissou
- CNRS
- Université Paul Sabatier
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale Appliquée (LHFA
- UMR 5069)
- 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09
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21
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Bischoff L, Baudequin C, Hoarau C, Urriolabeitia EP. Organometallic Fluorophores of d 8 Metals (Pd, Pt, Au). ADVANCES IN ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.adomc.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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22
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Rocchigiani L, Fernandez‐Cestau J, Agonigi G, Chambrier I, Budzelaar PHM, Bochmann M. Gold(III) Alkyne Complexes: Bonding and Reaction Pathways. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:13861-13865. [PMID: 28892244 PMCID: PMC5698712 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201708640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of hitherto hypothetical AuIII π-alkyne complexes is reported. Bonding and stability depend strongly on the trans effect and steric factors. Bonding characteristics shed light on the reasons for the very different stabilities between the classical alkyne complexes of PtII and their drastically more reactive AuIII congeners. Lack of back-bonding facilitates alkyne slippage, which is energetically less costly for gold than for platinum and explains the propensity of gold to facilitate C-C bond formation. Cycloaddition followed by aryl migration and reductive deprotonation is presented as a new reaction sequence in gold chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Rocchigiani
- School of ChemistryUniversity of East AngliaNorwich Research ParkNorwichNR4 7TJUK
| | | | - Gabriele Agonigi
- School of ChemistryUniversity of East AngliaNorwich Research ParkNorwichNR4 7TJUK
| | - Isabelle Chambrier
- School of ChemistryUniversity of East AngliaNorwich Research ParkNorwichNR4 7TJUK
| | | | - Manfred Bochmann
- School of ChemistryUniversity of East AngliaNorwich Research ParkNorwichNR4 7TJUK
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23
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Nair AG, McBurney RT, Gatus MRD, Binding SC, Messerle BA. Gold(III) NHC Complexes for Catalyzing Dihydroalkoxylation and Hydroamination Reactions. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:12067-12075. [PMID: 28933838 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A gold(III) complex of an N-heterocyclic carbene based hemilabile ligand with two pendant pyrazole arms (1,3-bis((1H-pyrazol-3-yl)methyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazole, LH) was synthesized. Complex [LAu(III)Cl3] is an excellent catalyst for promoting dihydroalkoxylation at room temperature, even catalyzing this reaction at 0 °C. [LAu(III)Cl3] is one of the most efficient catalysts reported to date for the spirocyclization of alkynyl diols. Furthermore, [LAu(III)Cl3] catalyzed intra- and intermolecular hydroamination reactions, achieving good to excellent conversions. [LAu(III)Cl3] is a more efficient catalyst than a gold(I) analogue, [LAu(I)Cl]. The dependence of the quantity of weakly coordinating anion [BArF4]- ((3,5-trifluoromethyl)phenyl borate) present on catalysis efficiency was probed for the dihydroalkoxylation reaction. X-ray diffraction analysis of single crystals demonstrated the solid-state structure of gold complexes [LAu(III)Cl3] and [LAu(I)Cl], which displayed the expected square-planar and linear coordination geometries, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwin G Nair
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University , Sydney 2109, Australia
| | - Roy T McBurney
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University , Sydney 2109, Australia
| | - Mark R D Gatus
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University , Sydney 2109, Australia
| | - Samantha C Binding
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University , Sydney 2109, Australia
| | - Barbara A Messerle
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University , Sydney 2109, Australia
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24
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Rocchigiani L, Fernandez-Cestau J, Agonigi G, Chambrier I, Budzelaar PHM, Bochmann M. Gold(III) Alkyne Complexes: Bonding and Reaction Pathways. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201708640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Rocchigiani
- School of Chemistry; University of East Anglia; Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Julio Fernandez-Cestau
- School of Chemistry; University of East Anglia; Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Gabriele Agonigi
- School of Chemistry; University of East Anglia; Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Isabelle Chambrier
- School of Chemistry; University of East Anglia; Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Peter H. M. Budzelaar
- Department of Chemistry; University of Naples Federico II; Via Cintia 80126 Naples Italy
| | - Manfred Bochmann
- School of Chemistry; University of East Anglia; Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7TJ UK
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25
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Kumar R, Krieger JP, Gómez-Bengoa E, Fox T, Linden A, Nevado C. The First Gold(III) Formate: Evidence for β-Hydride Elimination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:12862-12865. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201705557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roopender Kumar
- Department of Chemistry; University of Zürich; Winterthurerstrasse 180 8057 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Jean-Philippe Krieger
- Department of Chemistry; University of Zürich; Winterthurerstrasse 180 8057 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Enrique Gómez-Bengoa
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I; Universidad del Pais Vasco; Apdo 1072 CP-20080 Donostia-San Sebastián Spain
| | - Thomas Fox
- Department of Chemistry; University of Zürich; Winterthurerstrasse 180 8057 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Anthony Linden
- Department of Chemistry; University of Zürich; Winterthurerstrasse 180 8057 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Cristina Nevado
- Department of Chemistry; University of Zürich; Winterthurerstrasse 180 8057 Zürich Switzerland
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26
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Kumar R, Krieger JP, Gómez-Bengoa E, Fox T, Linden A, Nevado C. The First Gold(III) Formate: Evidence for β-Hydride Elimination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201705557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Roopender Kumar
- Department of Chemistry; University of Zürich; Winterthurerstrasse 180 8057 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Jean-Philippe Krieger
- Department of Chemistry; University of Zürich; Winterthurerstrasse 180 8057 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Enrique Gómez-Bengoa
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I; Universidad del Pais Vasco; Apdo 1072 CP-20080 Donostia-San Sebastián Spain
| | - Thomas Fox
- Department of Chemistry; University of Zürich; Winterthurerstrasse 180 8057 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Anthony Linden
- Department of Chemistry; University of Zürich; Winterthurerstrasse 180 8057 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Cristina Nevado
- Department of Chemistry; University of Zürich; Winterthurerstrasse 180 8057 Zürich Switzerland
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