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Iwama T, Komatsu M, Inoue KY, Kubota K, Ito-Sasaki T, Shiku H. Bipolar electrochemical sensor with perylene diimide-based cathodic luminophore for dopamine detection and imaging. Talanta 2024; 278:126509. [PMID: 39003839 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Bipolar electrochemical microscopy (BEM), which visualizes the concentration distribution of molecular species in biological systems by electrochemiluminescence (ECL), is expected to be applied to the high-spatiotemporal-resolution imaging of biomolecules, enabling the analysis of cellular functions. In the past, the molecular species that could be imaged by BEM were generally restricted to oxidized molecules due to the limitation derived from the ECL mechanism of the luminophore. Recently, the imaging of dopamine (DA), a reduced molecule, was achieved using Ru (bpy)32+/glutathione disulfide (GSSG) as a cathodic luminophore. However, a large driving voltage was required for ECL generation, resulting in a low S/N ratio. In this study, we employed N,N'-dimethyl-3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic diimide (PDI-CH3)/potassium peroxodisulfate (K2S2O8), which is a cathodic luminophore that can be reduced at a nobler potential to produce ECL than [Ru(bpy)3]2+/GSSG. First, the ECL mechanism of PDI-CH3/K2S2O8 was elucidated by using a PDI-CH3 drop-cast glassy carbon electrode (GCE) immersed in K2S2O8 solution as the working electrode in a 3-electrode system. The PDI-CH3 drop-casted GCE, a single closed bipolar electrode (c-BPE), was used as the cathode in the successful quantification of 50-500 μmol L-1 DA in a sample chamber in which a c-BPE anode was immersed, resulting in a high S/N. The selective detection of DA in the presence of ascorbic acid was achieved by modifying the anode with Nafion. Finally, DA imaging was demonstrated using a commercially available anisotropic conducting film with PDI-CH3 coating on the cathode surface as a c-BPE array. The change in the concentration distribution in the inflow of DA was successfully imaged based on the change in the ECL intensity at the c-BPE cathode. This BEM system is expected to be useful for DA imaging of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Iwama
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-11 Aramaki Aoba, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8579, Japan
| | - Mayo Komatsu
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-11 Aramaki Aoba, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8579, Japan
| | - Kumi Y Inoue
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-11 Aramaki Aoba, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8579, Japan; Center for Basic Education, Faculty of Engineering, Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, 400-8511, Japan.
| | - Koki Kubota
- Center for Basic Education, Faculty of Engineering, Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, 400-8511, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ito-Sasaki
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-11 Aramaki Aoba, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8579, Japan; Center for Basic Education, Faculty of Engineering, Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, 400-8511, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Shiku
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-11 Aramaki Aoba, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8579, Japan; Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11 Aramaki Aoba, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8579, Japan.
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Yao H, Wang X, Dong Y, Ye M. Promoting effect of TiVC MXene on cathodic electrogenerated chemiluminescence of Ru(bpy) 32+ and its application in the sensitive detection of sulfite. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:206. [PMID: 38498074 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06290-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The enhanced cathodic ECL of Ru(bpy)32+ at a bimetallic element MXenes (TiVC MXene) modified electrode in neutral aqueous condition is reported. TiVC MXene significantly catalyzed the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) as well as the electrochemical reduction of Ru(bpy)32+ to produce reactive oxygen species and Ru(bpy)3+. The obtained hydroxyl radical (OH∙) not only oxidized Ru(bpy)3+ to generate Ru(bpy)32+* and emit light through coreactant pathway, but also oxidized Ru(bpy)32+ to Ru(bpy)33+, which caused an annihilation ECL reaction. As a result, two pathways occurred simultaneously to generate strong cathodic ECL signal. Sulfite removes the dissolved oxygen in water and reduces the occurrence of ORR, which prohibits the generation of OH∙ to decrease the ECL signal. The decrement of ECL intensity varied linearly with the concentration of sulfite in the range 2 nM to 50 μM with a detection limit of 0.14 nM (3σ). The proposed sensor exhibited good analytical performance, and could be used in the detection of sulfite in real samples. The results revealed that the electrocatalytic behavior of TiVC MXene is the key factor for strong cathodic Ru(bpy)32+ ECL, which provides new application in ECL sensing field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Yao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, 243002, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, 243002, China
| | - Yongping Dong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, 243002, China.
| | - Mingfu Ye
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, 243002, China.
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Barkae TH, Zeid AM, Xu G. Highly Sensitive Detection of the Insecticide Azamethiphos by Tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:2519. [PMID: 35408132 PMCID: PMC9002990 DOI: 10.3390/s22072519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Azamethiphos (AZA) is an insecticide and neurotoxic agent that causes the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). AChE is a vital enzyme for neurotransmission because it metabolizes acetylcholine neurotransmitter at the synaptic cleft and terminates synaptic transmission. It is worth mentioning that organophosphates and carbamates inhibit AChE. These AChE inhibitors bind to the active site of the enzyme and inactivate it, leading to paralysis and death. Herein, for the first time, we develop a sensitive, low-cost, and rapid electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) system for the detection of AZA. The designed ECL sensor was applied for the highly sensitive detection of AZA with a wide dynamic range (from 0.1 μM to 1000 μM) and low detection limit of 0.07 μM (S/N = 3). The practical utility of the sensor demonstrates high recoveries (96-102%) in real samples of lake water and wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tesfaye Hailemariam Barkae
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, China; (T.H.B.); (A.M.Z.)
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural & Computational Science, Wolkite University, Wolkite P.O. Box 07, Ethiopia
| | - Abdallah M. Zeid
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, China; (T.H.B.); (A.M.Z.)
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Guobao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, China; (T.H.B.); (A.M.Z.)
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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Iwama T, Komatsu M, Inoue KY, Shiku H. Detection and 2D Imaging of Dopamine Distribution Using a Closed Bipolar Electrode System by Applying a Cathodic Luminophore. ChemElectroChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202100675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Iwama
- Department: Graduate School of Environmental Studies Institution: Tohoku University 6-6-11, Aramaki Aoba Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 980-0811 Japan
| | - Mayo Komatsu
- Department: Graduate School of Environmental Studies Institution: Tohoku University 6-6-11, Aramaki Aoba Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 980-0811 Japan
| | - Kumi Y. Inoue
- Department: Graduate School of Environmental Studies Institution: Tohoku University 6-6-11, Aramaki Aoba Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 980-0811 Japan
- Department: Center for Basic Education Faculty of Engineering Institution: University of Yamanashi 4-3-11, Takeda Kofu 400-8511 Japan
| | - Hitoshi Shiku
- Department: Graduate School of Environmental Studies Institution: Tohoku University 6-6-11, Aramaki Aoba Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 980-0811 Japan
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Recent advances in electrochemiluminescence luminophores. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 414:131-146. [PMID: 33893832 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03329-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) has continued to receive considerable attention in various applications, owing to its intrinsic advantages such as near-zero background response, wide dynamic range, high sensitivity, simple instrumentation, and low cost. The ECL luminophore is one of the most significant components during the light generation processes. Despite significant progress that has been made in the synthesis of new luminophores and their roles in resolving various challenges, there are few comprehensive summaries on ECL luminophores. In this review, we discuss some of the recent advances in organic, metal complexes, nanomaterials, metal oxides, and near-infrared ECL luminophores. We also emphasize their roles in tackling various challenges with illustrative examples that have been reported in the last few years. Finally, perspective and some unresolved challenges in ECL that can potentially be addressed by introducing new luminophores have also been discussed. Graphical abstract.
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Sornambigai M, Venkateswara Raju C, Senthil Kumar S. Bimodal Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence of the Luminol/Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) System: A Novel and Highly Sensitive Detection of DCHA via ECL-Flow Injection Analysis. Anal Chem 2021; 93:6472-6480. [PMID: 33843210 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c00306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Though luminol is one of the most prominent and extensively studied luminophores in ECL studies, only H2O2 has been widely used as a co-reactant. This limits the variety of applications because of the short-time radical stability and low quantum efficiency. In the present work, we identified dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) as a new and highly efficient anodic co-reactant in ECL for the luminol molecule. The electrochemical and ECL behavior of the luminol/DCHA system was studied on a simple bare GCE surface, which results in two anodic ECL peaks at the potential region of +0.38 and +0.94 V vs Ag/AgCl. The evidence of (DCHA•+) and O2•- generated in the system was detected via flat-cell electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy experiments at ∼20 °C. Using the bimodal ECL system, the highly sensitive detection of luminol was achieved with the detection limit down to 1.5 pM. Further, a homebuilt electrochemiluminescent detector coupled with a flow injection analysis (ECL-FIA) system was adopted to detect the DCHA contaminant in harvested honey, which achieved higher detection and sensitivity under the optimized experimental conditions. DCHA was detected in the range of 10 nM to 100 μM with the detection limit of 2 nM (S/N = 3). The present findings of new luminol/DCHA ECL signals produced a strong ECL emission, which leads to a greater potential to meet the fast-developing analytical application of a luminol-based ECL system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathavan Sornambigai
- Electrodics and Electrocatalysis Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CSIR-CECRI) Campus, Karaikudi 630003, Tamil Nadu, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Chikkili Venkateswara Raju
- Electrodics and Electrocatalysis Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CSIR-CECRI) Campus, Karaikudi 630003, Tamil Nadu, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shanmugam Senthil Kumar
- Electrodics and Electrocatalysis Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CSIR-CECRI) Campus, Karaikudi 630003, Tamil Nadu, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Co-reactant-free self-enhanced solid-state electrochemiluminescence platform based on polyluminol-gold nanocomposite for signal-on detection of mercury ion. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6932. [PMID: 33767245 PMCID: PMC7994561 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86195-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of a self-enhanced solid-state ECL platform creates a straightforward experimental design for the fabrication of point-of-care applications. Herein, we develop a promising method for self-enhanced solid-state ECL platform of polyluminol gold nanocomposite on glassy carbon electrode [(PL-Au)nano/GCE] via simple one-step electrochemical deposition process without involving any additional co-reactants. The presence of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) augments the electron transfer kinetics of PL (polyluminol) and enhances the solid-state ECL intensity and promotes label-free, excellent sensitivity, and selectivity to detect Hg2+ in physiological pH through signal-on mode. Unlike pristine PL/GCE, electrochemically co-deposited AuNPs in the (PL-Au)nano/GCE composite, enable the co-reactant accelerator by improving the catalytic activity of PL towards oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) yielding in-situ ROS (co-reactant) generation. Further, the ECL intensity of (PL-Au)nano/GCE composite, gradually increases with each addition of Hg2+ ion. This is because of the formation of an amalgamation of Au-Hg on (PL-Au)nano/GCE composite surface which further accelerates the yield of in-situ ROS and enhances the intensity of ECL. Whereas no ECL signals changes were observed for PL/GCE composite. The proposed self-enhanced solid-state ECL platform is selectively sensing the Hg2+ ion in the linear range of 0.3–200 nM with a detection limit of 0.1 nM. The demonstrated (PL-Au)nano/GCE platform might pave new avenues for further studies in the solid-state ECL platform which could be more useful in on-site monitoring of clinical bioassay and immunosensors.
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Raju CV, Sornambigai M, Kumar SS. Unraveling the reaction mechanism of co-reactant free in-situ cathodic solid state ECL of Ru(bpy)32+ molecule immobilized on Nafion coated nanoporous gold electrode. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.136920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Huang Z, Li Z, Xu L, Wei C, Zhu C, Deng H, Peng H, Xia X, Chen W. Mechanistic Insight into a Novel Ultrasensitive Nicotine Assay Base on High-Efficiency Quenching of Gold Nanocluster Cathodic Electrochemiluminescence. Anal Chem 2020; 92:11438-11443. [PMID: 32691587 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c02500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring nicotine concentrations in human fluids is extremely crucial owing to the harmful effect of nicotine on human health. Herein, it is shown that nicotine could quench the cathodic electrochemiluminescence (ECL) of gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) with high efficiency. The ECL quenching mechanism of nicotine was studied in detail using various experimental tools and theoretical calculations. It was concluded that the strongly oxidizing intermediate SO4•-, produced from K2S2O8, could oxidized nicotine, resulting in ECL emission quenching. On the basis of this high-efficiency ECL quenching of the AuNCs/K2S2O8 system, a recyclable, ultrasensitive, and selective ECL sensing platform for nicotine detection was proposed. Even in the absence of any complex signal amplification techniques, the ECL sensor for nicotine detection showed an unprecedentedly low detection limit of 7.0 × 10-13 M (S/N = 3) and a wide linear range over 8 orders of magnitude. Most remarkably, it could be successfully used for nicotine detection in human urine samples. This is expected to promote the investigations and applications on nicotine-related diseases. We believe that the proposed ECL platform can hold great prospects for commercialization in biomedical fields and tobacco industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongnan Huang
- Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Zhenglian Li
- Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Luyao Xu
- Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Chaoguo Wei
- Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Chenting Zhu
- Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Haohua Deng
- Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Huaping Peng
- Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Xinghua Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
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Cao SP, Luo QX, Li YJ, Liang RP, Qiu JD. Gold nanoparticles decorated carbon nitride nanosheets as a coreactant regulate the conversion of the dual-potential electrochemiluminescence of Ru(bpy)32+ for Hg2+ detection. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:5625-5628. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc01311k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Dual-potential electrochemiluminescence of Ru(bpy)32+ for Hg2+ assay using Au–g-C3N4 NSs as on-electrode coreactant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ping Cao
- College of Chemistry
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang 330031
- China
| | - Qiu-Xia Luo
- College of Chemistry
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang 330031
- China
| | - Ya-Jie Li
- College of Chemistry
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang 330031
- China
| | - Ru-Ping Liang
- College of Chemistry
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang 330031
- China
| | - Jian-Ding Qiu
- College of Chemistry
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang 330031
- China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Environmental Protection Materials and Equipment of Jiangxi Province
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Venkateswara Raju C, Kalaiyarasan G, Paramasivam S, Joseph J, Senthil Kumar S. Phosphorous doped carbon quantum dots as an efficient solid state electrochemiluminescence platform for highly sensitive turn-on detection of Cu2+ ions. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.135391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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Impact of aminated carbon quantum dots as a novel co-reactant for Ru(bpy)32+: resolving specific electrochemiluminescence for butein detection. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 412:539-546. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-02305-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Cao N, Zeng P, Zhao F, Zeng B. Au@SiO2@RuDS nanocomposite based plasmon-enhanced electrochemiluminescence sensor for the highly sensitive detection of glutathione. Talanta 2019; 204:402-408. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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