1
|
Dai J, Zhao X, Peng Z, Li J, Lin Y, Wen X, Xing L, Zhao W, Shang J, Wang Y, Liu J, Wu K. Assembling Surface Molecular Sierpiński Triangle Fractals via K +-Invoked Electrostatic Interaction. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37314227 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c03691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Molecular Sierpiński triangles (STs), a family of elegant and well-known fractals, can be prepared on surfaces with atomic precision. Up to date, several kinds of intermolecular interactions such as hydrogen bond, halogen bond, coordination, and even covalent bond have been employed to construct molecular STs on metal surfaces. Herein a series of defect-free molecular STs have been fabricated via electrostatic attraction between potassium cations and electronically polarized chlorine atoms in 4,4″-dichloro-1,1':3',1″-terphenyl (DCTP) molecules on Cu(111) and Ag(111). The electrostatic interaction is confirmed both experimentally by scanning tunneling microscopy and theoretically by density functional theory calculations. These findings illustrate that electrostatic interaction can serve as an efficient driving force to construct molecular fractals, which enriches our toolbox for the bottom-up fabrication of complex functional supramolecular nanostructures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingxin Dai
- BNLMS, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xinwei Zhao
- BNLMS, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhantao Peng
- BNLMS, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jie Li
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-Based Electronics, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yuxuan Lin
- BNLMS, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaojie Wen
- BNLMS, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Lingbo Xing
- BNLMS, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wenhui Zhao
- BNLMS, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jian Shang
- BNLMS, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yongfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-Based Electronics, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jing Liu
- BNLMS, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Kai Wu
- BNLMS, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
He L, Wang SC, Lin LT, Cai JY, Li L, Tu TH, Chan YT. Multicomponent Metallo-Supramolecular Nanocapsules Assembled from Calix[4]resorcinarene-Based Terpyridine Ligands. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:7134-7144. [PMID: 32150683 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c01482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Tetrafunctionalized calix[4]resorcinarene cavitands commonly serve as supramolecular scaffolds for construction of coordination-driven self-assembled capsules. However, due to the calix-like shape, the structural diversity of assemblies is mostly restricted to dimeric and hexameric capsules. Previously, we reported a spontaneous heteroleptic complexation strategy based on a pair of self-recognizable terpyridine-based ligands and CdII ions. Building on this complementary ligand pairing system, herein three types of nanocapsules, including a dimeric capsule, a Sierpiński triangular prism, and a cubic star, could be readily obtained through dynamic complexation reactions between a tetratopic cavitand-based ligand and various multitopic counterparts in the presence of CdII ions. The dimeric capsular assemblies display the spacer-length-dependent self-sorting behavior in a four-component system. Moreover, the precise multicomponent self-assembly of a Sierpiński triangular prism and a cubic star possessing three and six cavitand-based motifs, respectively, demonstrates that such self-assembly methodology is able to efficiently enhance architectural complexity for calix[4]resorcinarene-containing metallo-supramolecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lipeng He
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Cheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Lin-Ting Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Jhen-Yu Cai
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Lijie Li
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Han Tu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Tsu Chan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang Y, Xue N, Li R, Wu T, Li N, Hou S, Wang Y. Construction and Properties of Sierpiński Triangular Fractals on Surfaces. Chemphyschem 2019; 20:2262-2270. [PMID: 31291053 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201900258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Fractal structures are of fundamental importance in science, engineering, mathematics, and aesthetics. Construction of molecular fractals on surfaces can help to understand the formation mechanism of fractals and a series of achievements have been acquired in the preparation of molecular fractals. This review focuses on Sierpiński triangles (STs), representatives of various prototypical fractals, on surfaces. They are investigated by Monte Carlo simulations and ultra-high vacuum scanning tunneling microscopy. STs are bonded through halogen bonds, hydrogen bonds, metal-organic coordination bonds and covalent bonds. The coexistence of and competition between fractals and crystals are realized for a hydrogen-bonded system. Electronic properties of two types of STs are summarized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Wang
- School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, No. 5, Yiheyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Na Xue
- School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, No. 5, Yiheyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Ruoning Li
- School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, No. 5, Yiheyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Tianhao Wu
- School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, No. 5, Yiheyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Na Li
- School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, No. 5, Yiheyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Shimin Hou
- School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, No. 5, Yiheyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yongfeng Wang
- School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, No. 5, Yiheyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China
| |
Collapse
|