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Noriega L, Gonzalez-Ortiz LA, Ortíz-Chi F, Ramírez SI, Merino G. In Quest of the Missing C 2H 6O 2 Isomers in the Interstellar Medium: A Theoretical Search. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:6757-6762. [PMID: 39087830 PMCID: PMC11331521 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c04102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Ethylene glycol (C2H6O2), the only diol detected in the interstellar medium (ISM), is a key component in the synthesis of prebiotic sugars. Its structural isomer, methoxymethanol, has also been found in the ISM. Our results show that neither ethylene glycol (ethane-1,2-diol) nor methoxymethanol is the most stable isomer. Using high-level computational methods, we identified five isomers: two diols, one hydroxy ether, and two peroxides. The geminal diol 1,1-ethanediol (ethane-1,1-diol) is the most stable isomer, although it has not been detected in the ISM, whereas the two peroxides are less stable than the geminal diol by 60 kcal/mol. This study also provides the rotational constants and dipole moment for each conformer of every C2H6O2 isomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisset Noriega
- Departamento
de Física Aplicada, Centro de Investigación
y de Estudios Avanzados, Unidad Mérida, km 6 Antigua Carretera a Progreso,
Apdo. Postal 73, Cordemex, 97310 Mérida, Yucatán, México
| | - Luis Armando Gonzalez-Ortiz
- Departamento
de Física Aplicada, Centro de Investigación
y de Estudios Avanzados, Unidad Mérida, km 6 Antigua Carretera a Progreso,
Apdo. Postal 73, Cordemex, 97310 Mérida, Yucatán, México
| | - Filiberto Ortíz-Chi
- Conahcyt-Departamento
de Física Aplicada, Centro de Investigación
y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mérida 97310, Yucatán, México
| | - Sandra I. Ramírez
- Centro
de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad
Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001 Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, C. P. 62209, México
| | - Gabriel Merino
- Departamento
de Física Aplicada, Centro de Investigación
y de Estudios Avanzados, Unidad Mérida, km 6 Antigua Carretera a Progreso,
Apdo. Postal 73, Cordemex, 97310 Mérida, Yucatán, México
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2
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Missaoui D, Brahem S, Najar F, Yazidi O, Senent ML. The Far-Infrared Spectrum of Methoxymethanol (CH 3-O-CH 2OH): A Theoretical Study. ACS EARTH & SPACE CHEMISTRY 2024; 8:1236-1245. [PMID: 38919855 PMCID: PMC11194847 DOI: 10.1021/acsearthspacechem.4c00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Methoxymethanol (CH3OCH2OH), an oxygenated volatile organic compound of low stability detected in the interstellar medium, represents an example of nonrigid organic molecules showing various interacting and inseparable large-amplitude motions. The species discloses a relevant coupling among torsional modes, strong enough to prevent complete assignments using effective Hamiltonians of reduced dimensionality. Theoretical models for rotational spectroscopy can improve if they treat three vibrational coordinates together. In this paper, the nonrigid properties and the far-infrared region are analyzed using highly correlated ab initio methods and a three-dimensional vibrational model. The molecule displays two gauche-gauche (CGcg and CGcg') and one trans-gauche (Tcg) conformers, whose relative energies are very small (CGcg/CGcg'/Tcg = 0.0:641.5:792.7 cm-1). The minima are separated by relatively low barriers (1200-1500 cm-1), and the corresponding methyl torsional barriers V 3 are estimated to be 595.7, 829.0, and 683.7 cm-1, respectively. The ground vibrational state rotational constants of the most stable geometry have been computed to be A 0 = 17233.99 MHz, B 0 = 5572.58 MHz, and C 0 = 4815.55 MHz, at ΔA 0 = -3.96 MHz, ΔB 0 = 4.76 MHz, and ΔC 0 = 2.51 MHz from previous experimental data. Low-energy levels and their tunneling splittings are determined variationally up to 700 cm-1. The A/E splitting of the ground vibrational state was computed to be 0.003 cm-1, as was expected given the methyl torsional barrier (∼600 cm-1). The fundamental levels (100), (010), and (001) are predicted at 132.133 and 132.086 cm-1 (methyl torsion), 186.507 and 186.467 cm-1 (O-CH3 torsion), and 371.925 and 371.950 cm-1 (OH torsion), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorsaf Missaoui
- Laboratoire
de Spectroscopie Atomique Moléculaire et Applications, Faculté
des Sciences de Tunis, Université
de Tunis El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
- Departamento
de Química y Física Teóricas, Instituto de Estructura de la Materia, IEM-CSIC, Serrano 121, Madrid 28006, Spain
- Unidad
Asociada GIFMAN, CSIC-UHU, Huelva 21071, Spain
| | - Sinda Brahem
- Laboratoire
de Spectroscopie Atomique Moléculaire et Applications, Faculté
des Sciences de Tunis, Université
de Tunis El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
- Departamento
de Química y Física Teóricas, Instituto de Estructura de la Materia, IEM-CSIC, Serrano 121, Madrid 28006, Spain
- Unidad
Asociada GIFMAN, CSIC-UHU, Huelva 21071, Spain
| | - Faouzi Najar
- Laboratoire
de Spectroscopie Atomique Moléculaire et Applications, Faculté
des Sciences de Tunis, Université
de Tunis El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
| | - Ounaies Yazidi
- Laboratoire
de Spectroscopie Atomique Moléculaire et Applications, Faculté
des Sciences de Tunis, Université
de Tunis El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
| | - María Luisa Senent
- Departamento
de Química y Física Teóricas, Instituto de Estructura de la Materia, IEM-CSIC, Serrano 121, Madrid 28006, Spain
- Unidad
Asociada GIFMAN, CSIC-UHU, Huelva 21071, Spain
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Hansen NA, Price TD, Filardi LR, Gurses SM, Zhou W, Hansen N, Osborn DL, Zádor J, Kronawitter CX. The photoionization of methoxymethanol: Fingerprinting a reactive C2 oxygenate in a complex reactive mixture. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:124306. [PMID: 38526109 DOI: 10.1063/5.0197827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Methoxymethanol (CH3OCH2OH) is a reactive C2 ether-alcohol that is formed by coupling events in both heterogeneous and homogeneous systems. It is found in complex reactive environments-for example those associated with catalytic reactors, combustion systems, and liquid-phase mixtures of oxygenates. Using tunable synchrotron-generated vacuum-ultraviolet photons between 10.0 and 11.5 eV, we report on the photoionization spectroscopy of methoxymethanol. We determine that the lowest-energy photoionization process is the dissociative ionization of methoxymethanol via H-atom loss to produce [C2H5O2]+, a fragment cation with a mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) = 61.029. We measure the appearance energy of this fragment ion to be 10.24 ± 0.05 eV. The parent cation is not detected in the energy range examined. To elucidate the origin of the m/z = 61.029 (C2H5O2) fragment, we used automated electronic structure calculations to identify key stationary points on the cation potential energy surface and compute conformer-specific microcanonical rate coefficients for the important unimolecular processes. The calculated H-atom dissociation pathway results in a [C2H5O2]+ fragment appearance at 10.21 eV, in excellent agreement with experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niko A Hansen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Trevor D Price
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Leah R Filardi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Sadi M Gurses
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Wenqi Zhou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Nils Hansen
- Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - David L Osborn
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
- Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - Judit Zádor
- Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - Coleman X Kronawitter
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
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Hydrogen Delocalization in an Asymmetric Biomolecule: The Curious Case of Alpha-Fenchol. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 27:molecules27010101. [PMID: 35011331 PMCID: PMC8746872 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Rotational microwave jet spectroscopy studies of the monoterpenol α-fenchol have so far failed to identify its second most stable torsional conformer, despite computational predictions that it is only very slightly higher in energy than the global minimum. Vibrational FTIR and Raman jet spectroscopy investigations reveal unusually complex OH and OD stretching spectra compared to other alcohols. Via modeling of the torsional states, observed spectral splittings are explained by delocalization of the hydroxy hydrogen atom through quantum tunneling between the two non-equivalent but accidentally near-degenerate conformers separated by a low and narrow barrier. The energy differences between the torsional states are determined to be only 16(1) and 7(1) cm-1hc for the protiated and deuterated alcohol, respectively, which further shrink to 9(1) and 3(1) cm-1hc upon OH or OD stretch excitation. Comparisons are made with the more strongly asymmetric monoterpenols borneol and isopinocampheol as well as with the symmetric, rapidly tunneling propargyl alcohol. In addition, the third-in contrast localized-torsional conformer and the most stable dimer are assigned for α-fenchol, as well as the two most stable dimers for propargyl alcohol.
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5
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Ho SKY, Lam FYT, de Aguirre A, Maseras F, White AJP, Britovsek GJP. Photolytic Activation of Late-Transition-Metal–Carbon Bonds and Their Reactivity toward Oxygen. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah K. Y. Ho
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, 80 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Francis Y. T. Lam
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, 80 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Adiran de Aguirre
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Avgda. Països Catalans, 16, Tarragona 43007, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Feliu Maseras
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Avgda. Països Catalans, 16, Tarragona 43007, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Andrew J. P. White
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, 80 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - George J. P. Britovsek
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, 80 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
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6
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Medel R. Simple models for the quick estimation of ground state hydrogen tunneling splittings in alcohols and other compounds. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:17591-17605. [PMID: 34369526 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp02115j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Models for the quick estimation of energy splittings caused by coherent tunneling of hydrogen atoms are evaluated with available experimental data for alcohols and improvements are proposed. The discussed models are mathematically simple and require only results from routine quantum chemical computations, i.e. hybrid DFT calculation of the equilibrium geometry and the transition state within the harmonic approximation. A benchmark of experimental splittings spanning four orders of magnitude for 27 alcohol species is captured by three evaluated models with a mean symmetric deviation factor of 1.7, 1.5 and 1.4, respectively, i.e. the calculated values deviate on average by this factor in either direction. Limitations of the models are explored with alcohols featuring uncommon properties, such as an inverted conformational energy sequence, a very light molecular frame, an elevated torsional frequency, or a coupling with a second internal degree of freedom. If the splitting of either the protiated or deuterated form of an alcohol is already experimentally determined, the one of the second isotopolog can be estimated by three additional models with a mean symmetric deviation factor of 1.14, 1.19 and 1.15, respectively. It is shown that this can be achieved with a novel approach without any quantum chemical calculation by directly correlating experimental splittings of isotopologs across related species. This is also demonstrated for other classes of compounds with hydrogen tunneling, such as amines, thiols, and phenols. Furthermore, it is found that the isotope effect can even be anticipated without any further knowledge about the system solely from the size of either splitting with a mean symmetric deviation factor of 1.3. This is based on an extensive sample of 77 pairs of splittings spanning eight orders of magnitude for isotopologs of chemically diverse compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Medel
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Goettingen, Tammannstr. 6, 37077 Goettingen, Germany.
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8
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Cabezas C, Endo Y. Probing Criegee intermediate reactions with methanol by FTMW spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:13756-13763. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp02174a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Methoxymethyl hydroperoxide (HOOCH2OCH3) and methoxyethyl hydroperoxide (HOOC(CH3)HOCH3) have been characterized as the nascent reaction products from the reaction of methanol with CH2OO and CH3CHOO, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Cabezas
- Instituto de Física Fundamental (IFF-CSIC)
- Group of Molecular Astrophysics
- 28006 Madrid
- Spain
| | - Yasuki Endo
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Science Building II
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu 30010
- Taiwan
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9
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Schneider H, Caldwell-Overdier A, Coppieters ‘t Wallant S, Dau L, Huang J, Nwolah I, Kasule M, Buffo C, Mullikin E, Widdup L, Hay A, Bao ST, Perea J, Thompson M, Tano-Menka R, Van Tuyl M, Wang A, Bussey S, Sachdev N, Zhang C, Boyer MC, Arumainayagam CR. Detection of methoxymethanol as a photochemistry product of condensed methanol. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/mnrasl/slz019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hope Schneider
- Department of Chemistry, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA 02481, USA
| | | | | | - Lan Dau
- Department of Chemistry, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA 02481, USA
| | - Jean Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA 02481, USA
| | - Ifunanya Nwolah
- Department of Chemistry, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA 02481, USA
| | - Muhammad Kasule
- Department of Physics, Clark University, Worcester, MA 01610, USA
| | - Christina Buffo
- Department of Chemistry, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA 02481, USA
| | - Ella Mullikin
- Department of Chemistry, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA 02481, USA
| | - Lily Widdup
- Department of Chemistry, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA 02481, USA
| | - Aury Hay
- Department of Chemistry, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA 02481, USA
| | - Si Tong Bao
- Department of Chemistry, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA 02481, USA
| | - Jeniffer Perea
- Department of Chemistry, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA 02481, USA
| | - Mayla Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA 02481, USA
| | - Rhoda Tano-Menka
- Department of Chemistry, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA 02481, USA
| | - Mileva Van Tuyl
- Department of Chemistry, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA 02481, USA
| | - Amy Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA 02481, USA
| | - Sophia Bussey
- Department of Chemistry, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA 02481, USA
| | - Nina Sachdev
- Department of Chemistry, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA 02481, USA
| | - Christine Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA 02481, USA
| | - Michael C Boyer
- Department of Physics, Clark University, Worcester, MA 01610, USA
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Tercero B, Cuadrado S, López A, Brouillet N, Despois D, Cernicharo J. Chemical segregation of complex organic O-bearing species in Orion KL. ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS 2018; 620:L6. [PMID: 31031406 PMCID: PMC6485672 DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201834417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the chemical segregation of complex O-bearing species (including the largest and most complex ones detected to date in space) towards Orion KL, the closest high-mass star-forming region. The molecular line images obtained using the ALMA science verification data reveal a clear segregation of chemically related species depending on their different functional groups. We map the emission of 13CH3OH, HCOOCH3, CH3OCH3, CH2OCH2, CH3COOCH3, HCOOCH2CH3, CH3CH2OCH3, HCOOH, OHCH2CH2OH, CH3COOH, CH3CH2OH, CH3OCH2OH, OHCH2CHO, and CH3COCH3 with ~1.5″ angular resolution and provide molecular abundances of these species toward different gas components of this region. We disentangle the emission of these species in the different Orion components by carefully selecting lines free of blending and opacity effects. Possible effects in the molecular spatial distribution due to residual blendings and different excitation conditions are also addressed. We find that while species containing the C-O-C group, i.e. an ether group, exhibit their peak emission and higher abundance towards the compact ridge, the hot core south is the component where species containing a hydroxyl group (-OH) bound to a carbon atom (C-O-H) present their emission peak and higher abundance. This finding allows us to propose methoxy (CH3O-) and hydroxymethyl (-CH2OH) radicals as the major drivers of the chemistry in the compact ridge and the hot core south, respectively, as well as different evolutionary stages and prevailing physical processes in the different Orion components.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Tercero
- Observatorio Astronómico Nacional (OAN-IGN). Calle Alfonso XII, 3, E-28014 Madrid, Spain
| | - S Cuadrado
- Instituto de Física Fundamental (IFF-CSIC). Calle Serrano 123, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - A López
- Instituto de Física Fundamental (IFF-CSIC). Calle Serrano 123, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - N Brouillet
- Laboratoire d'astrophysique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, B18N, alle Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 33615 Pessac, France
| | - D Despois
- Laboratoire d'astrophysique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, B18N, alle Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 33615 Pessac, France
| | - J Cernicharo
- Instituto de Física Fundamental (IFF-CSIC). Calle Serrano 123, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
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11
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2018 Census of Interstellar, Circumstellar, Extragalactic, Protoplanetary Disk, and Exoplanetary Molecules. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.3847/1538-4365/aae5d2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 281] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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12
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Krim L, Jonusas M, Guillemin JC, Yáñez M, Lamsabhi AM. Reduction of C[double bond, length as m-dash]O functional groups through H addition reactions: a comparative study between H 2CO + H, CH 3CH 2CHO + H and CH 3OCHO + H under interstellar conditions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:19971-19978. [PMID: 30022184 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp03249a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
H-addition reactions on the icy interstellar grains may play an important role in the formation of complex organic molecules. In the present work we propose a comparative study of H2CO + H, CH3CH2CHO + H and CH3OCHO + H solid state reactions at 10 K under interstellar conditions in order to characterize the main reaction pathways involved in the hydrogenation of a CHO functional group. We show that the most probable mechanism for the formation of alcohols under non-energetic conditions through the saturation of the CHO group corresponds to the attachment of the H atom to the CH group with noticeable variations of the energy barriers for each studied reaction. These energy barriers have been calculated to be 8.3, 14.6 and 32.7 kJ mol-1 for H2CO + H, CH3CH2CHO + H and CH3OCHO + H, respectively. The coupling of the experimental and theoretical analysis proves that while the simplest aldehyde, formaldehyde, is easily reduced to methanol, methylformate and propanal behave differently under H-bombardments but they cannot be a source of alcohol formation through H-addition reactions. Consequently, for the formation of alcohols larger than CH3OH, other chemical pathways should be taken into account, probably energetic processing such as the photolysis of interstellar ice analogues containing C-, H- and O-bearing compounds or the coupling of the H-addition reaction and photon-irradiation on species with a CHO functional group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lahouari Krim
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, De la Molécule aux Nano-Objets: Réactivité, Interactions, Spectroscopies, MONARIS, 75005, Paris, France.
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13
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Motiyenko RA, Margulès L, Senent ML, Guillemin JC. Internal Rotation of OH Group in 4-Hydroxy-2-butynenitrile Studied by Millimeter-Wave Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2018. [PMID: 29528643 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b12051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cyanoacetylene, HCC-CN is a ubiquitous molecule in the Universe. However, its interstellar chemistry is not well understood and its understanding requires laboratory data including rotational spectroscopy of possible products coming from a reaction with another compounds. In this study we present the first spectroscopic characterization of gauche conformation of 4-hydroxy-2-butynenitrile (HOCH2CCCN), a formal adduct of cyanoacetylene on formaldehyde, in the frequency range up to 500 GHz. The analysis of the rotational spectrum was complicated by internal rotation of the OH group that connects two equivalent gauche configurations. The spectral assignment was aided by high-level quantum chemical calculations that were particularly useful in the interpretation of torsional-rotational part of the problem. The applied reduced-axis-system (RAS) formalism allowed fitting within experimental accuracy the lines with K a < 18. We also present the method of search for initial global solution of torsional-rotational problem within RAS formalism. Accurate spectroscopic parameters obtained in this study provide a reliable basis for the detection of 4-hydroxy-2-butynenitrile in the interstellar medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman A Motiyenko
- Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules, UMR 8523 , CNRS - Université de Lille , F-59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex , France
| | - Laurent Margulès
- Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules, UMR 8523 , CNRS - Université de Lille , F-59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex , France
| | - Maria L Senent
- Departamento de Química y Física Teóricas , Instituto de Estructura de la Materia, IEM-C.S.I.C. , Serrano 121 , Madrid 28006 , Spain
| | - Jean-Claude Guillemin
- Univ Rennes, École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes , CNRS, ISCR - UMR6226 , F-35000 Rennes , France
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