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Sarmah HS, Ghosh S. Tunable magnetism in nitride MXenes: consequences of atomic layer stacking. NANOSCALE 2024. [PMID: 39221773 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr02246g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
We have performed density functional theory (DFT) based calculations to investigate the effects of stacking patterns on the electronic and magnetic properties of several nitride MXenes. MXenes, a relatively new addition to the family of two-dimensional materials, have exhibited fascinating properties in several occasions, primarily due to their compositional flexibility. However, compared to carbide MXenes, nitride MXenes are much less explored. Moreover, the structural aspects of MXenes and the tunability they may offer have not been explored until recently. In this work, we have combined these two less-explored aspects to examine the structure-property relationships in the field of magnetism. We find that in the family of M2NT2 (M = Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn; T = O, F) MXenes, the stacking of transition metal planes has a substantial effect on the ground state and finite temperature magnetic properties. We also find that the electronic ground states can be tuned by changing the stacking pattern in these compounds, making the materials appropriate for applications as magnetic devices. Through a detailed analysis, we have connected the unconventional stacking pattern-driven tunability of these compounds with regard to electronic and magnetic properties to the local symmetry, inhomogeneity (or lack of it) of structural parameters, and electronic structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himangshu Sekhar Sarmah
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, Assam, India.
| | - Subhradip Ghosh
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, Assam, India.
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Yan RW, Li XH, Zhang RZ, Cui HL. Computational Investigation on Cr-Doped Sc 2CO 2 MXene under Strain for Electronic Properties, Quantum Capacitance, and Photocatalytic Activity. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024. [PMID: 39213539 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c02282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Sc2CO2 MXene has potential applications in energy storage and optoelectronics due to its superior structure and excellent properties. The electronic properties, quantum capacitance, and photocatalytic activity of Cr-doped Sc2CO2 under strain are studied by the density functional theory. Cr doping makes the system produce magnetism. The spin-down states of Sc2CO2-Cr under strain are direct semiconductors, while their spin-up states are indirect semiconductors. Sc2CO2-Cr under +5, -5, -3, and -2% strains in an aqueous system are suitable for cathode material. A large voltage drastically modulates the type of electrode materials. Sc2CO2-Cr under strains from 0 to +2% can perform the oxygen evolution reaction at an alkaline environment, while the Sc2CO2-Cr system under strain is a good for CO2 photocatalysis at pH 0 and 7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Wen Yan
- College of Physics and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Hong Li
- College of Physics and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471023, People's Republic of China
- Provincial and Ministerial Co-construction of Collaborative Innovation Center for Non-ferrous Metal New Materials and Advanced Processing Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471023, People's Republic of China
- Longmen Laboratory, Luoyang, Henan 471023, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui-Zhou Zhang
- College of Physics and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471023, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Ling Cui
- College of Physics and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471023, People's Republic of China
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Özcan S, Biel B. Exploring a novel class of Janus MXenes by first principles calculations: structural, electronic and magnetic properties of Sc 2CXT, X = O, F, OH; T = C, S, N. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:1881-1888. [PMID: 36541438 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp04713f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The already intriguing electronic and optical properties of the MXene Sc2C family can be further tuned through a wide range of possible functionalizations. Here, by means of density functional theory, we show that the 36 possible elements of the Janus MXT (M: Sc2C, X: O, F, OH, T: C, N, S) family, built by considering the four possible structural models (i) FCC, (ii) HCP, (iii) FCC + HCP, and (iv) HCP + FCC, are all potentially stable. The analysis of their mechanical properties shows the excellent mechanical flexibility of functionalized MXenes (f-MXenes) under large strain, making them more suitable for applications where stress could be an issue. Interestingly, while Sc2C presents a metallic character, Sc2COS, Sc2CFN and Sc2COHN are found to be semiconductors with bandgaps of 2.5 eV (indirect), 1.67 eV (indirect) and 1.1 eV (direct), respectively, which presents promising applications for nano- and optoelectronics. Moreover, Sc2CFC presents a ferromagnetic ground state with the 2 × 2 × 1 supercell magnetic moment of 3.99 μB, while the ground state of Sc2COHC might be antiferromagnetic with a magnetic moment of 3.98 μB, depending on the environment. Remarkably, the band structures of Sc2CFC and Sc2COHC present a half-metallic character with an HSE06 fundamental band gap of 0.60 eV and 0.48 eV, respectively. Our results confirm the extraordinary potential of the Janus MXT (M: Sc2C, X: O, F, OH, T: C, N, S) family for novel applications in 2D nano-,opto- and spintronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Özcan
- Department of Physics, Aksaray University, 68100 Aksaray, Turkey.
| | - B Biel
- Department of Atomic, Molecular and Nuclear Physics & Instituto Carlos I de Física Teórica y Computacional, Faculty of Science, Campus de Fuente Nueva, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
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Yang Y. Mini-review of interesting properties in Mn 2CoAl bulk and films. Front Chem 2022; 10:1054337. [PMID: 36339051 PMCID: PMC9626756 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1054337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Heusler compounds exhibit many interesting properties, such as high thermopower, magnetocaloric properties, and even topological insulator states. Heusler Mn2CoAl alloy has been experimentally and theoretically proposed as a promising spin-gapless semiconductor with novel electronic, magnetic, spintronic, transport, and topological properties. Furthermore, the spin-gapless semiconducting-like behaviors are also predicted in Mn2CoAl films by measuring the transport and magnetic properties. This mini-review systematically summarizes the interesting properties of Mn2CoAl bulk and Mn2CoAl-based films. This mini-review is hoped to guide further experimental investigations and applications in the particular scientific community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
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Alrebdi TA, Amin B. Optoelectronic and photocatalytic applications of hBP-XMY (M = Mo, W; (X ≠ Y) = S, Se, Te) van der Waals heterostructures. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:23028-23037. [PMID: 33047747 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp03926h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Stacking of layers via weak van der Waals interactions is an important technique for tuning the physical properties and designing viable electronic products. Using first-principles calculations, the geometry, electronic structure, and optical and photocatalytic performance of novel vdW heterostructures based on hexagonal boron phosphide (hBP) and Janus (XMY (M = Mo, W; (X ≠ Y) = S, Se, Te)) monolayers are investigated. Favorable (dynamically and energetically) stacking patterns of two different models of hBP-XMY heterostructures are presented with an alternative order of chalcogen atoms at opposite surfaces in SMSe. A direct type-II band alignment is obtained in both models of hBP-SMoSe, hBP-SWSe and hBP-SeWTe, while the rest are type-II indirect bandgap semiconductors. The Bader charge, and planer-averaged and plane-averaged charge density differences are investigated, which show that hBP donates electrons to the SMoSe and SWSe layer in the hBP-SMoSe and hBP-SWSe vdW heterostructure, while in the case of the hBP-SMoTe (hBP-SWTe) and hBP-SeMoTe (hBP-SeWTe) vdW heterostructures, the transfer of electrons is observed from SMoTe (SWTe) and SeMoTe (SeWTe) to hBP. The imaginary part of the dielectric function shows that the lowest energy transitions are dominated by excitons with a systematic red shift for heavier chalcogen atoms. Furthermore, the photocatalytic performance indicates that the hBP-XMY (M = Mo, W; (X ≠ Y) = S, Se, Te) vdW heterostructures in model-I are suitable for water splitting at pH = 0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahani A Alrebdi
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Zhou J, Zha XH, Yildizhan M, Eklund P, Xue J, Liao M, Persson POÅ, Du S, Huang Q. Two-Dimensional Hydroxyl-Functionalized and Carbon-Deficient Scandium Carbide, ScC xOH, a Direct Band Gap Semiconductor. ACS NANO 2019; 13:1195-1203. [PMID: 30703319 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b06279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted intense attention in nanoscience and nanotechnology due to their outstanding properties. Among these materials, the emerging family of 2D transition metal carbides, carbonitrides, and nitrides (referred to as MXenes) stands out because of the vast available chemical space for tuning materials chemistry and surface termination, offering opportunities for property tailoring. Specifically, semiconducting properties are needed to enable utilization in optoelectronics, but direct band gaps are experimentally challenging to achieve in these 2D carbides. Here, we demonstrate the fabrication of 2D hydroxyl-functionalized and carbon-deficient scandium carbide, namely, ScC xOH, by selective etching of a layered parent ScAl3C3 compound. The 2D configuration is determined as a direct band gap semiconductor, with an experimentally measured band gap approximated at 2.5 eV. Furthermore, this ScC xOH-based device exhibits excellent photoresponse in the ultraviolet-visible light region (responsivity of 0.125 A/W at 360 nm/10 V, and quantum efficiency of 43%). Thus, this 2D ScC xOH direct band gap semiconductor may find applications in visible light detectors, photocatalytic chemistry, and optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhou
- Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Engineering and Technology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo , Zhejiang 315201 , China
| | - Xian-Hu Zha
- Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Engineering and Technology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo , Zhejiang 315201 , China
| | - Melike Yildizhan
- Thin Film Physics Division , Linköping University , IFM, 581 83 Linköping , Sweden
| | - Per Eklund
- Thin Film Physics Division , Linköping University , IFM, 581 83 Linköping , Sweden
| | - Jianming Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Center for Applied Physics and Technology , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Meiyong Liao
- Optical and Electronic Materials Unit , National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-0044 , Japan
| | - Per O Å Persson
- Thin Film Physics Division , Linköping University , IFM, 581 83 Linköping , Sweden
| | - Shiyu Du
- Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Engineering and Technology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo , Zhejiang 315201 , China
| | - Qing Huang
- Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Engineering and Technology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo , Zhejiang 315201 , China
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Du YT, Kan X, Yang F, Gan LY, Schwingenschlögl U. MXene/Graphene Heterostructures as High-Performance Electrodes for Li-Ion Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:32867-32873. [PMID: 30160474 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b10729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Recently, MXene/graphene heterostructures have been successfully fabricated and found to exhibit outstanding performance as electrodes for Li-ion batteries. However, insights into the mechanism behind the encouraging experimental results are missing. We use first-principles calculations to systematically investigate the electrochemical properties of MXene/graphene heterostructures, choosing Ti2CX2 (X = F, O, and OH) as representative MXenes. Our calculations disclose that the presence of graphene not only avoids restacking effects of MXene layers but also enhances the electric conductivity, Li adsorption strength (while maintaining a high Li mobility), and mechanical stiffness. These favorable attributes collectively lead to the excellent performance of MXene/graphene electrodes observed experimentally. While the Ti2CO2/graphene heterostructure is proposed to be the most promising candidate within the studied materials, the developed comprehensive understanding is of significance also for the future rational design of MXene-based electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Ting Du
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Materials (Ministry of Education), Superconductivity and New Energy R&D Center , Southwest Jiaotong University , Chengdu , Sichuan 610031 , China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
| | - Xiang Kan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Materials (Ministry of Education), Superconductivity and New Energy R&D Center , Southwest Jiaotong University , Chengdu , Sichuan 610031 , China
| | - Feng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Materials (Ministry of Education), Superconductivity and New Energy R&D Center , Southwest Jiaotong University , Chengdu , Sichuan 610031 , China
| | - Li-Yong Gan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
| | - Udo Schwingenschlögl
- Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE) , King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Thuwal 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia
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Luo K, Zha XH, Zhou Y, Guo Z, Lin CT, Huang Q, Zhou S, Zhang R, Du S. First-principles study on the electrical and thermal properties of the semiconducting Sc 3(CN)F 2 MXene. RSC Adv 2018; 8:22452-22459. [PMID: 35539724 PMCID: PMC9081388 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra03424a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The two-dimensional materials MXenes have recently attracted interest for their excellent performance from diverse perspectives indicated by experiments and theoretical calculations. For the application of MXenes in electronic devices, the exploration of semiconducting MXenes arouses particular interest. In this work, despite the metallic properties of Sc3C2F2 and Sc3N2F2, we find that Sc3(CN)F2 is a semiconductor with an indirect band gap of 1.18 eV, which is an expansion of the semiconducting family members of MXene. Using first-principles calculations, the electrical and thermal properties of the semiconducting Sc3(CN)F2 MXene are studied. The electron mobilities are determined to possess strong anisotropy, while the hole mobilities show isotropy, i.e. 1.348 × 103 cm2 V-1 s-1 along x, 0.319 × 103 cm2 V-1 s-1 along the y directions for electron mobilities, and 0.517 × 103 cm2 V-1 s-1 along x, 0.540 × 103 cm2 V-1 s-1 along the y directions for hole mobilities. The room-temperature thermal conductivity along the Γ → M direction is determined to be 123-283 W m-1 K-1 with a flake length of 1-100 μm. Besides, Sc3(CN)F2 presents a relatively high specific heat of 547 J kg-1 K-1 and a low thermal expansion coefficient of 8.703 × 10-6 K-1. Our findings suggest that the Sc3(CN)F2 MXene might be a candidate material in the design and application of 2D nanoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Luo
- School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
- Engineering Laboratory of Specialty Fibers and Nuclear Energy Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo Zhejiang China
| | - Xian-Hu Zha
- Engineering Laboratory of Specialty Fibers and Nuclear Energy Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo Zhejiang China
| | - Yuhong Zhou
- Engineering Laboratory of Specialty Fibers and Nuclear Energy Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo Zhejiang China
| | - Zhansheng Guo
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, Shanghai University Shanghai China
| | - Cheng-Te Lin
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo Zhejiang China
| | - Qing Huang
- Engineering Laboratory of Specialty Fibers and Nuclear Energy Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo Zhejiang China
| | - Shenghu Zhou
- School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Ruifeng Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University Beijing China
| | - Shiyu Du
- Engineering Laboratory of Specialty Fibers and Nuclear Energy Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo Zhejiang China
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