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Raïch Panisello O, Jover J, Puigjaner C, Ferrer M, Martínez M. No Switching Cooperativity between Coordinated Azo Ligands on Complexes Having {M II(phosphane-κ 2P)} 2+ (M = Pd, Pt) Scaffolds. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:16251-16263. [PMID: 39167678 PMCID: PMC11372757 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c02169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
A series of square-planar palladium and platinum compounds with cis-blocking phosphanes and terminal azobenzene ligands [M(dppp)(azo)2](OTf)2 (azo = CN(C6H4)-N═N-(C6H4)CN (iso-cyano), CN(C6H4)-N═N-(C6H5) (iso-Ph)) and [{M2(tpbz)}(azo)4](OTf)4 (azo = CN(C6H4)-N═N-(C6H5) (iso-Ph)) have been synthesized and fully characterized. Similarly to the uncoordinated ligands, the new coordination compounds have shown to be photochemically active with respect to their trans-to-cis isomerization process. Their cis-to-trans back spontaneous reaction have been studied as a function of solvent, temperature and pressure and the corresponding activation parameters determined in order to investigate the mechanism of these transformations. The results obtained are indicative of the operation of a rotational mechanism with no cooperativity between the azo ligands attached to the same metal. Density functional theory calculations have been carried out in order to estimate the relative energies of the different photoisomers for the theoretical interpretation of the experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ot Raïch Panisello
- Secció de Química Inorgànica, Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesús Jover
- Secció de Química Inorgànica, Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional (IQTCUB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Puigjaner
- Unitat de Difracció de RX, Centres Científics i Tecnològics de la Universitat de Barcelona (CCiTUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Solé i Sabarís 1-3, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Ferrer
- Secció de Química Inorgànica, Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Martínez
- Secció de Química Inorgànica, Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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2
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Bardají M, Font-Bardia M, Gallen A, Garcia-Cirera B, Ferrer M, Martínez M. Iron complexes of bridging azo ligands in aqueous solution: changes in the thermal switching mechanism on coordination and oxidation state of metal centres. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:1720-1730. [PMID: 36655477 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03790d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Three azobenzenes CN(C6H4)-NN-(C5H4N) (py-iso), CN(C6H4)-NN-(C6H4)CN (cyano-iso) and CN(C6H4)-NN-(C6H4)NC (iso-iso) with good coordinating groups (pyridine, phenylcyano or phenylisocyano) at the ends of the diazenyl unit have been synthesized and fully characterised. These compounds have been used as ligands in the synthesis of water-soluble metallic species by coordination to {FeII(CN)53-} units, either in one or two of the anchoring groups of the derivatives. Both the azo derivatives and their complexes are photochemically active with respect to their trans-to-cis isomerisation process. Their cis-to-trans reverse thermal reaction has been thoroughly studied as a function of the donor groups, solvent, temperature and pressure, in order to gain insight into the rotation or inversion mechanisms involved in the process. A comparison of the isomerisation mechanism between the iron complexes and the corresponding free ligands revealed an interesting fine tuning of the process on coordination of the {FeII(CN)53-} moieties, which may even produce, in some cases, non-photoswitchable species containing typically photoactive units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Bardají
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, 47071 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Mercè Font-Bardia
- Unitat de Difracció de RX, Centres Científics i Tecnològics de la Universitat de Barcelona (CCiTUB). Universitat de Barcelona, Solé i Sabarís 1-3, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Gallen
- Secció de Química Inorgànica, Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Beltzane Garcia-Cirera
- Secció de Química Inorgànica, Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Montserrat Ferrer
- Secció de Química Inorgànica, Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain. .,Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Martínez
- Secció de Química Inorgànica, Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain. .,Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Samper KG, Lorenzo J, Capdevila M, Palacios Ò, Bayón P. Functionalized azobenzene platinum(II) complexes as putative anticancer compounds. J Biol Inorg Chem 2021; 26:435-453. [PMID: 33934217 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-021-01865-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of four platinum(II) complexes using azobenzenes conveniently functionalized as ligands has been carried out. The characteristic photochemical behavior of the complexes due to the presence of azobenzene-type ligands and the role of the ligands in the activation of the complexes has been studied. Their promising cytotoxicity observed in HeLa cells prompted us to study the mechanism of action of these complexes as cytostatic agents. The interaction of the compounds with DNA, studied by circular dichroism, revealed a differential activity of the Pt(II) complexes upon irradiation. The intercalation abilities of the complexes as well as their reactivity with common proteins present in the blood stream allows to confirm some of the compounds obtained as good anticancer candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia G Samper
- Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193-Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julia Lorenzo
- Institut de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina, Departments Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193-Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercè Capdevila
- Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193-Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Òscar Palacios
- Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193-Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Pau Bayón
- Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193-Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.
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Yan JF, Men RX, Chen XX, Lin CX, Nockemann P, Yuan YF. D–π–A type ferrocene-substituted azobenzene photochromic switches: synthesis, structures, and electrochemical and photoisomerization studies. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj03894j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of D–π–A type azobenzenes with a ferrocenyl/ferrocenylethynyl electron donor at the para/meta-position have been synthesized and characterized by electrochemistry and UV-vis spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Feng Yan
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Rui-Xi Men
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Cai-Xia Lin
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Peter Nockemann
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University of Belfast, The QUILL Research Centre, Belfast BT9 5AQ, UK
| | - Yao-Feng Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
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Bäumer N, Kartha KK, Palakkal JP, Fernández G. Morphology control in metallosupramolecular assemblies through solvent-induced steric demand. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:6834-6840. [PMID: 32633744 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm00537a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Controlling the supramolecular self-assembly of π-conjugated systems into defined morphologies is a prerequisite for the preparation of functional materials. In recent years, the development of sophisticated sample preparation protocols and modulation of various experimental conditions (solvent, concentration, temperature, etc.) have enabled precise control over aggregation pathways of different types of monomer units. A common method to achieve pathway control consists in the combination of two miscible solvents in defined proportions - a "poor" and "good" solvent. However, the role of solvents of opposed polarity in the self-assembly of a given building block still remains an open question. Herein, we unravel the effect of aggregation-inducing solvent systems of opposed polarity (aqueous vs. non-polar media) on the supramolecular assembly of a new bolaamphiphilic Pt(ii) complex. A number of experimental methods show a comparable molecular packing in both media driven by a synergy of solvophobic, aromatic and weak hydrogen-bonding interactions. However, morphological analysis of the respective aggregates in aqueous and non-polar media reveals a restricted aggregate growth in aqueous media into spherical nanoparticles and a non-restricted 2D-nanosheet formation in non-polar media. These findings are attributed to a considerably more efficient solvation and, in turn, increased steric demand of the hydrophilic chains in aqueous media than in nonpolar media, which can be explained by the entrapment of water molecules in the hydrophilic aggregate shell via hydrogen bonds. Our findings reveal that the different solvation of peripheral solubilizing groups in solvents of opposed polarity is an efficient method for morphology control in self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Bäumer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany.
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Moustafa ME, Boyle PD, Puddephatt RJ. Photoswitchable organoplatinum complexes with an azobenzene derivative of di-2-pyridylamine. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj05313a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The potential for the platinum complexes of an azobenzene substituted dipyridylamine ligand in photodynamic therapy is explored.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul D. Boyle
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
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Bäumer N, Kartha KK, Allampally NK, Yagai S, Albuquerque RQ, Fernández G. Exploiting Coordination Isomerism for Controlled Self-Assembly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:15626-15630. [PMID: 31351026 PMCID: PMC6856968 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201908002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We exploited the inherent geometrical isomerism of a PtII complex as a new tool to control supramolecular assembly processes. UV irradiation and careful selection of solvent, temperature, and concentration leads to tunable coordination isomerism, which in turn allows fully reversible switching between two distinct aggregate species (1D fibers↔2D lamellae) with different photoresponsive behavior. Our findings not only broaden the scope of coordination isomerism, but also open up exciting possibilities for the development of novel stimuli-responsive nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Bäumer
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Kalathil K. Kartha
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4048149MünsterGermany
| | | | - Shiki Yagai
- Department of Applied Chemistry and BiotechnologyGraduate School of EngineeringChiba University1–33-Yayoi-choInage-KuChiba263-8522Japan
| | - Rodrigo Q. Albuquerque
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Gustavo Fernández
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4048149MünsterGermany
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Bäumer N, Kartha KK, Allampally NK, Yagai S, Albuquerque RQ, Fernández G. Kontrolle über Selbstassemblierung durch Ausnutzung von Koordinationsisomerie. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201908002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nils Bäumer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Kalathil K. Kartha
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | | | - Shiki Yagai
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology Graduate School of Engineering Chiba University 1–33-Yayoi-cho, Inage-Ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Rodrigo Q. Albuquerque
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Gustavo Fernández
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
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Gerkman MA, Sinha S, Warner JH, Han GGD. Direct Imaging of Photoswitching Molecular Conformations Using Individual Metal Atom Markers. ACS NANO 2019; 13:87-96. [PMID: 30521310 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b08441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Photoswitching behavior of individual organic molecules was imaged by annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (ADF-STEM) using a highly electron beam transparent graphene support. Photoswitching azobenzene derivatives with ligands at each end containing single transition-metal atoms (Pt) were designed (Pt-complex), and the distance between the strong ADF-STEM contrast from the two Pt atoms in each Pt-complex is used to track molecular length changes. UV irradiation was used to induce photoswitching of the Pt complex on graphene, and we show that the measured Pt-Pt distances within isolated molecules decrease from ∼2.1 nm to ∼1.4 nm, indicative of a trans-to- cis isomerization. Light illumination of the Pt-complex on the graphene support also caused their diffusion out from initial clusters to the surrounding area of graphene, indicating that the light-activated mobilization overcomes the intermolecular van der Waals interactions. This approach shows how individual isolated heavy metal atoms can be included as markers into complex molecules to track their structural changes using ADF-STEM on graphene supports, providing an effective method to study a diverse range of complex organic materials at the single molecule level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihael A Gerkman
- Department of Chemistry , Brandeis University , 415 South Street , Waltham , Massachusetts 02453 , United States
| | - Sapna Sinha
- Department of Materials , University of Oxford , 16 Parks Road , Oxford OX1 3PH , United Kingdom
| | - Jamie H Warner
- Department of Materials , University of Oxford , 16 Parks Road , Oxford OX1 3PH , United Kingdom
| | - Grace G D Han
- Department of Chemistry , Brandeis University , 415 South Street , Waltham , Massachusetts 02453 , United States
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Nkabyo HA, Koch KR. New trans-[Pd(L-κS,O)2] complexes from N,N-dialkyl-N′-aroylthioureas prepared by photo-induced isomerization of their cis-[Pd(L-κS,O)2] counterparts and their thermal trans-cis isomerization. Inorganica Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2018.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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