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Qian Z, Shaofang F, Chen C, Chunhua S, Nan W, Chao L. IL-33 Suppresses the Progression of Atherosclerosis via the ERK1/2-IRF1-VCAM-1 Pathway. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2024; 38:569-580. [PMID: 37957490 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-023-07523-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was designed to explore the effects of interleukin 33 (IL-33) on the progression of atherosclerosis and the possible mechanism. METHODS The adhesion assay was performed on isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). The expression of proteins and messenger RNA (mRNA) were detected by western blot and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), including intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and P-selectin. The effect of IL-33 on the interaction of growth stimulation expressed gene 2 (ST2) with myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) and interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK) 1/4 were investigated using co-immunoprecipitation assay. An apolipoprotein (Apo) E-/- mice model was used to confirm the effect of IL-33 on atherosclerosis progression. Area of plaques was recorded by hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining. The severity of atherosclerosis plaque was evaluated using immunohistochemistry assay, and lipid accumulation was measured by an oil red O staining. In contrast, western blot was performed to detect the expression levels of VCAM-1, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2, and interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF1). RESULTS Our study observed that IL-33 suppressed cell adhesion and the expression of VCAM-1 in tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) exposed HUVEC. Moreover, the addition of IL-33 significantly inhibited the expression of IRF1 and the binding level of IRF1 to VCAM-1 and also promoted the phosphorylation level of IRAK1/4 and ERK1/2 compared to TNF-α-stimulated HUVEC. The ST2 neutralizing antibody or ERK pathway inhibitor SCH772984 reversed the regulatory effects of IL-33 on HUVEC, suggesting that IL-33 suppressed IRF1 and VCAM-1 dependent on binding to ST2 and activating the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Further investigation in vivo confirmed that IL-33 decreased the expressions of IRF1 and VCAM-1 by activating the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in the thoracic aorta of Apo E-/- mice. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our results demonstrated that IL-33 plays a protective role in the progression of atherosclerosis by inhibiting cell adhesion via the ERK1/2-IRF1-VCAM-1 pathway. This study may provide a potential therapeutic way to prevent the development of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Qian
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Rd, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Shaofang
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Rd, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shi Chunhua
- Medical Department, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wang Nan
- Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Rd, Nanjing, 210093, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Liu Chao
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Rd, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, China.
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Akram AW, Saba E, Rhee MH. Antiplatelet and Antithrombotic Activities of Lespedeza cuneata via Pharmacological Inhibition of Integrin αIIb β3, MAPK, and PI3K/AKT Pathways and FeCl3-Induced Murine Thrombosis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2024; 2024:9927160. [PMID: 38370873 PMCID: PMC10872769 DOI: 10.1155/2024/9927160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have been the major cause of mortality all around the globe. Lespedeza cuneata abbreviated as L. cuneata with the authority name of Dumont de Courset (G. Don) is a perennial flowering plant commonly grown in Asian countries such as Korea, Japan, China, and Taiwan. We aimed to investigate the L. cuneata extract's antiplatelet and antithrombotic properties as GC-MS analysis indicated that the extract contained short-chain fatty acids, which have been reported to possess beneficial cardiovascular effects. L. cuneata was extracted using water, 50% EtOH, 70% EtOH, and 100% EtOH. For in vitro antiplatelet analysis, washed platelets were prepared and incubated with L. cuneata with 200 μg/mL of 50% EtOH in the presence of 1 mM of CaCl2 for 1 minute followed by agonist (collagen 2.5 μg/mL or ADP 10 μM or thrombin 0.1 U/mL) stimulation for 5 minutes over light transmission aggregometer. Scanning electron microscopy was performed to assess platelet shape change. ATP release and intracellular calcium mobilization were quantified to assess the granular content. Fibrinogen-binding assay and clot retraction assay assessed integrin αIIbβ3-mediated inside-out and outside-in signaling. Protein phosphorylation expression was investigated by western blot analysis. Finally, the in vivo antithrombotic efficacy was investigated by oral dosage of L. cuneata 200 and 400 mg/kg and aspirin 100 mg/kg for 7 days, and tail bleeding and FeCl3-induced murine thrombus model were performed. In vitro platelet aggregation and platelet shape change were dose-dependently suppressed by L. cuneata. Calcium mobilization, dense granules secretion, integrin αIIbβ3-mediated inside-out and outside-in signaling, and protein phosphorylation of MAPK and PI3K/Akt pathways were significantly inhibited. In vivo assays revealed that L. cuneata prevents side effects of synthetic drugs via nonsignificantly increasing bleeding time and improving coronary artery blood flow and animal survival. Our results demonstrate that L. cuneata exhibited potent antiplatelet and antithrombotic effects and can be considered a potential herbal medicine with cardioprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Wahab Akram
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Evelyn Saba
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Man Hee Rhee
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- Companion Animal Medical Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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Wang WD, Lin HL, Zheng YL, Wang SN, Wang YG. Elevated serum neuropeptide Y levels are associated with carotid plaque formation in Chinese adults: a cross-sectional study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2023; 23:608. [PMID: 38087221 PMCID: PMC10717122 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-023-03660-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carotid plaque (CP) formation is an important consequence of atherosclerosis and leads to significant complications. Levels of neuropeptide Y (NPY), which is a sympathetic neurotransmitter, are elevated in cardiovascular diseases. It also has important roles in inflammatory conditions. This study aimed to explore the relationship between serum NPY and CP and to study further the influence of NPY and inflammatory factors on CP. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted among 300 adults who underwent a health examination at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University in Fujian Province, of whom 177 were finally enrolled. The participants were divided into the CP (n = 120) and non-CP (NCP) or control (n = 57) groups according to the results of carotid artery color Doppler ultrasound. The CP group was further classified into stable plaque (SP, n = 80) and vulnerable plaque (VP, n = 40) groups based on plaque characteristics. Serum NPY and pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels were examined. Univariate and correlation analyses were used to evaluate the correlation between serum NPY levels, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and the CP phenotype. RESULTS The serum NPY and TNF-α levels of patients in the CP group were significantly higher than those in individuals from the NCP group [ (177.30 ± 43.29) pg.mL- 1 vs. (121.53 ± 40.16)pg.mL- 1, P < 0.001; (41.94 ± 14.19) pg.mL- 1 vs.(33.54 ± 13.37)pg.mL- 1, P = 0.003]. The serum NPY levels of the patients in the VP group were significantly higher than those in patients from the SP group [(191.67 ± 39.87)ng.L- 1 vs.(170.12 ± 43.37)ng.L- 1, P = 0.01, P < 0.05]. Serum TNF-α and NPY levels were positively correlated among patients from the CP group (r = 0.184, P = 0.044). The binary logistic regression analysis showed that serum NPY and TNF-α were independent influencing factors of CP [(OR = 1.029, P < 0.001);(OR = 1.030, P = 0.023)]. The area under the ROC curve of NPY predicting the CP showed statistical significance at a value of 0.819. CONCLUSION Together, elevated serum NPY levels seem to be associated with the occurrence of coronary atherosclerosis in Chinese adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-da Wang
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Hui-Li Lin
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China.
| | - Yan-Li Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China.
| | - Sheng-Nan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yao-Guo Wang
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China
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Huangfu N, Ma H, Tian M, Zhang J, Wang Y, Li Z, Chen X, Cui H. DHX9 Strengthens Atherosclerosis Progression By Promoting Inflammation in Macrophages. Inflammation 2023; 46:1725-1738. [PMID: 37326773 PMCID: PMC10567826 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-023-01836-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is the main cause of cerebrovascular diseases, and macrophages play important roles in atherosclerosis. DExH-Box helicase 9 (DHX9), as a member of DExD/H-box RNA helicase superfamily II, is identified as an autoantigen in the sera of systemic lupus erythematosus patients to trigger inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate whether DHX9 is involved in AS development, especially in macrophages-mediated-inflammatory responses. We find that DHX9 expression is significantly increased in oxLDL or interferon-γ-treated macrophages and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Knockdown of DHX9 inhibits lipid uptake and pro-inflammatory factors expression in macrophages, and ameliorates TNF-α-mediated monocyte adhesion capacity. Furthermore, we find that oxLDL stimulation promotes DHX9 interaction with p65 in macrophages, and further enhances the transcriptional activity of DHX9-p65-RNA Polymerase II complex to produce inflammatory factors. Moreover, using ApoE -/- mice fed with western diet to establish AS model, we find that knockdown of DHX9 mediated by adeno-associated virus-Sh-DHX9 through tail vein injection evidently alleviates AS progression in vivo. Finally, we also find that knockdown of DHX9 inhibits p65 activation, inflammatory factors expression, and the transcriptional activity of p65-RNA Polymerase II complex in PBMCs from patients with CAD. Overall, these results indicate that DHX9 promotes AS progression by enhancing inflammation in macrophages, and suggest DHX9 as a potential target for developing therapeutic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Huangfu
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, 315000, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, 315000, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Centre for Cardiovascular Disease of Ningbo, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Hongchuang Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, 315000, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, 315000, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Centre for Cardiovascular Disease of Ningbo, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Mengyun Tian
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, 315000, China
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, 315000, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, 315000, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Centre for Cardiovascular Disease of Ningbo, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Zhenwei Li
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, 315000, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, 315000, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Centre for Cardiovascular Disease of Ningbo, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Xiaomin Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, 315000, China.
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, 315000, China.
- Clinical Medicine Research Centre for Cardiovascular Disease of Ningbo, Ningbo, 315000, China.
| | - Hanbin Cui
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, 315000, China.
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, 315000, China.
- Clinical Medicine Research Centre for Cardiovascular Disease of Ningbo, Ningbo, 315000, China.
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Hao K, Sang L, Ding L, Shen X, Fu D, Qi X. Enoxaparin sodium bone cement displays local anti-inflammatory effects by regulating the expression of IL-6 and TNF-α. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16530. [PMID: 37274684 PMCID: PMC10238720 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the roles of Enoxaparin Sodium-Polymethyl methacrylate bone cement on inflammatory factors Interleukin-6 and Tumour Necrosis Factor-α in a rabbit knee replacement model. As well as the mechanisms underlying its potential effects on lipopolysaccharide-induced endothelial cell injury. Methods A knee replacement model was established using New Zealand rabbits. Forty rabbits were randomly divided into four groups: PMMA, ES-PMMA, sham-operated, and blank control groups (n = 10 in each group). Local tissues around the incision were taken at the 30th, 60th, and 90th minute after the surgical implantation of the corresponding bone cement. Immunohistochemistry in the surgical field was used to measure the expression of local inflammatory factors IL-6 and TNF-α. In the in vitro experiments, 1 cm3 of bone cement was immersed in 3 mL of the medium for 24 h. The bone cement was discarded and diluted to 25% with normal medium. Pre-experiments were screened for the best LPS-inducing concentration of 100 mg/mL, and the most compatible LPS concentration was used for subsequent experiments simulating the primary cultures of rats' Inferior Vena Cava Endothelial Cells. The experiments were divided into four groups: blank control group, LPS induction group, PMMA + LPS group, and ES-PMMA + LPS group. The apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry, and the expression levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in the cells and supernatant were measured by ELISA, western blotting, and immunofluorescence. Results According to immunohistochemical results, IL-6-positive cells were concentrated in the tissue interstitial space. In the PMMA and sham-operated groups, the number of IL-6-positive cells gradually increased over time. At all time points, IL-6 expression in the ES-PMMA group was much lower than in the PMMA and sham-operated groups. At 30 min, TNF-α positive cells in the ES-PMMA group expressed less than those in the PMMA and sham-operated groups, with no discernible difference between the PMMA and ES-PMMA groups at 60 or 90 min. Using ELISA and flow cytometry, the expression levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were improved and the apoptosis rate was magnified in the LPS-induced group (***P < 0.001) in contrast with the blank control group. Additionally, the expression levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were reduced in the ES-PMMA + LPS group compared with the LPS-induced group (*P < 0.05) and the apoptosis rate was reduced (***P < 0.001), with statistically significant variations. Western blotting and immunofluorescence analysis confirmed that IL-6 and TNF-α protein expression in cells was upregulated in the LPS-induced group compared to the blank control group (***P < 0.001), and the mean fluorescence intensity was enlarged (***P < 0.001). Meanwhile, IL-6 and TNF-α expression in the ES-PMMA + LPS group were down-regulated (**P < 0.01 or *P < 0.05) compared with the LPS-induced group and PMMA + LPS crew protein expression, and the average fluorescence intensity of IL-6 and TNF-α was lowered in the ES-PMMA + LPS group compared to the LPS-induced group (***P < 0.001). Conclusions ES-PMMA bone cement reduced the expression levels of local inflammatory factors IL-6 and TNF-α in a rabbit knee model. ES-PMMA bone cement reduced the rate of LPS-induced endothelial cell apoptosis and diminished local inflammatory damage by regulating the secretion of inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangning Hao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 139#Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Linchao Sang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 139#Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Luobin Ding
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 139#Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xiaoyu Shen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 139#Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Dehao Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangbei Qi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 139#Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
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Sirt6 inhibits vascular endothelial cell pyroptosis by regulation of the Lin28b/let-7 pathway in atherosclerosis. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 110:109056. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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HDAC11 promotes both NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD and caspase-3/GSDME pathways causing pyroptosis via ERG in vascular endothelial cells. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:112. [PMID: 35279683 PMCID: PMC8918356 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-00906-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 11 (HDAC11), a sole member of the class IV HDAC subfamily, participates in various cardiovascular diseases. Recent evidence showed that pyroptosis was a form of inflammatory programmed cell death and is critical for atherosclerosis (AS). However, little is known about the effect of HDAC11 on endothelial cell pyroptosis in AS. Thus, this study aims to investigate the role of HDAC11 in vascular endothelial cell pyroptosis and its molecular mechanism. Firstly, we found that HDAC11 expression was up-regulated and pyroptosis occurred in the aorta of ApoE−/− mice fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 or 12 weeks. Then, in vitro study found the treatment of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) resulted in pyroptosis, as evidenced by activation of caspase-1 and caspase-3 activation, cleavage of downstream gasdermin D (GSDMD) and gasdermin E (GSDME/DFNA5), the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and IL-18, as well as elevation of LDH activity and increase of propidium iodide (PI)-positive cells. Besides, TNF-α increased HDAC11 expression and induced pyroptosis via TNFR1 in HUVECs. HDAC11 knockdown mitigated pyroptosis by suppressing both NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD and caspase-3/GSDME pathways in TNF-α-induced HUVECs. Moreover, GSDME knockdown by siRNA significantly decreased pyroptosis and inflammatory response, while treatment with disulfiram or necrosulfonamide (NSA) further augmented the inhibitory effects of GSDME siRNA on pyroptosis and inflammatory response. Further studies found HDAC11 formed a complex with ERG and decreased the acetylation levels of ERG. More importantly, ERG knockdown augmented vascular endothelial cell pyroptosis in TNF-α-induced HUVECs. Taken together, our study suggests that HDAC11 might promote both NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD and caspase-3/GSDME pathways leading to pyroptosis via regulation of ERG acetylation in HUVECs. Modulation of HDAC11 may serve as a potential target for therapeutic strategies of AS.
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Hu Y, Li J, Chang A, Wang Z, Su W, Li Y, Ai J, Tao X, Liu W, Zheng P, Liang X. Potential active constituents responsible for treating acute pharyngitis in the flowers of Hosta plantaginea (Lam.) Aschers and their pharmacokinetics. Food Funct 2022; 13:3308-3317. [DOI: 10.1039/d1fo03712a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In Asia, the flower of Hosta plantaginea (Lam.) Aschers (hosta flower) is both an edible food and medicine. The hosta flower is often used as a material for cooking porridge...
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Paeonia lactiflora Root Extract and Its Components Reduce Biomarkers of Early Atherosclerosis via Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects In Vitro and In Vivo. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10101507. [PMID: 34679642 PMCID: PMC8532938 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10101507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although various physiological activities of compounds obtained from Paeonia lactiflora have been reported, the effects of P. lactiflora extract (PLE) on early atherosclerosis remain unclear. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the in vitro and in vivo antiatherosclerosis and in vitro antioxidant effects of PLE and its compounds. PLE suppresses the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-induced capacity of THP-1 cells to adhere to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 expression, and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) signaling in HUVECs. PLE also suppresses TNF-α-induced nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 from cytosol as well as the enhanced TNFA and C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) mRNA expression in HUVECs. We identified and quantified the following PLE compounds using high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection: methyl gallate, oxypaeoniflorin, catechin, albiflorin, paeoniflorin, benzoic acid, benzoylpaeoniflorin, and paeonol. Among these, methyl gallate had the strongest inhibitory effect on monocyte adherence to TNF-α-induced HUVECs and the VCAM-1 expression. Reverse transcriptase real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction showed that PLE compounds had a dissimilar inhibition effect on TNF-α-induced mRNA expression levels of CCL2, TNFA, and IL6 in HUVECs. Except for paeonol, the compounds inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced reactive oxygen species production in RAW264.7 cells. In vivo, oral administration of PLE improved TNF-α-induced macrophage infiltration to the vascular endothelium and expression of VCAM-1, as well as IL6 and TNFA gene expression in the main artery of mice. PLE could be useful as a nutraceutical material against early atherosclerosis via the combined effects of its components.
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Erythorbyl laurate suppresses TNF-α-induced adhesion of monocytes to the vascular endothelium. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Álvarez-Cilleros D, López-Oliva ME, Ramos S, Martín MÁ. Preventive effect of cocoa flavanols against glucotoxicity-induced vascular inflammation in the arteria of diabetic rats and on the inflammatory process in TNF-α-stimulated endothelial cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 146:111824. [PMID: 33096196 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hyperglycaemia induces a vascular inflammatory process that is a critical event in cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes. Cocoa and its flavanols have been widely investigated for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and several clinical and pre-clinical studies support their vascular benefits. However, the effects of cocoa flavanols on vascular inflammation in diabetes remains to be elucidated. Herein, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of a cocoa-rich diet on the aortas of Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats. Moreover, the potential role of flavanol-derived colonic metabolites to modulate the adhesion and inflammatory processes were also evaluated using TNF-α-stimulated endothelial cells. Results demonstrate that cocoa attenuates the levels of phospho-p65-nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) and the expression of inflammatory factors including intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and inducible nitric oxide synthase in the aortas of ZDF rats. Experiments with endothelial cells further confirm that a mix of flavanol-derived colonic metabolites effectively down-regulate the levels of p-p65-NF-κB and the cell adhesion molecules ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, preventing thus the increase of monocyte-endothelial adhesion induced by TNF-α. These novel data provide the first evidence of the relevant role of cocoa and their flavanol-derived metabolites to avoid the development of endothelial inflammation and diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Álvarez-Cilleros
- Departamento de Metabolismo y Nutrición, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Elvira López-Oliva
- Departamento de Fisiología. Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Ramos
- Departamento de Metabolismo y Nutrición, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Martín
- Departamento de Metabolismo y Nutrición, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
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Deng Q, Li XX, Fang Y, Chen X, Xue J. Therapeutic Potential of Quercetin as an Antiatherosclerotic Agent in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: A Review. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2020; 2020:5926381. [PMID: 32565865 PMCID: PMC7292974 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5926381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is one of the diseases with the highest morbidity and mortality globally. It causes a huge burden on families and caregivers and high costs for medicine and surgical interventions. Given expensive surgeries and failures of most conventional treatments, medical community tries to find a more cost-effective cure. Thus, attentions have been primarily focused on food or herbs. Quercetin (Qu) extracted from food, a flavonoid component, develops potentials of alternative or complementary medicine in atherosclerosis. Due to the wide range of health benefits, researchers have considered to apply Qu as a natural compound in therapy. This review is aimed to identify the antiatherosclerosis functions of Qu in treating ASCVD such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant properties, effects on endothelium-dependent vasodilation, and blood lipid-lowering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Deng
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Xue Li
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanting Fang
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingui Xue
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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13
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Lee J, Ha SJ, Park J, Kim YH, Lee NH, Kim YE, Hong YS, Song KM. Arctium lappa root extract containing L-arginine prevents TNF-α-induced early atherosclerosis in vitro and in vivo. Nutr Res 2020; 77:85-96. [PMID: 32388084 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2020.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the aorta and is a major cause of cardiovascular disease. Arctium lappa root is a plant widely used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and Arctium lappa root extract (ALE) has been reported to exhibit anti-inflammatory capacity and to ameliorate endothelial dysfunction. Thus, we hypothesized that ALE would inhibit the early atherosclerotic stage. In this study, we evaluated the inhibitory effect of ALE on early arteriosclerosis and its mechanisms of action. ALE suppressed TNF-α-induced monocyte adhesion to the vascular endothelium by suppressing NF-κB signaling in HUVECs. In an acute mouse model of atherosclerosis, ALE suppressed TNF-α-induced monocyte infiltration of the vascular endothelium and the expression of genes encoding inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and MCP-1 in the mouse aorta. Moreover, inulin-type fructan and amino acids, especially L-aspartate and L-arginine (60.27 and 42.17 mg/g, respectively) were detected by NMR, MALDI-TOF MS, and HPLC analysis as the main components of ALE. Notably, L-arginine suppressed TNF-α-induced monocyte adhesion to HUVECs. Therefore, these results suggest that ALE may be a functional food for the suppression or prevention of early stages of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jangho Lee
- Division of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute, 245, Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea.
| | - Su Jeong Ha
- Division of Strategic Food Technology Research, Korea Food Research Institute, 245, Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea; Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea.
| | - Joon Park
- Division of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute, 245, Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea; Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young Ho Kim
- Division of Strategic Food Technology Research, Korea Food Research Institute, 245, Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea.
| | - Nam Hyouck Lee
- Division of Strategic Food Technology Research, Korea Food Research Institute, 245, Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young Eon Kim
- Division of Strategic Food Technology Research, Korea Food Research Institute, 245, Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Shick Hong
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyung-Mo Song
- Division of Strategic Food Technology Research, Korea Food Research Institute, 245, Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea.
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14
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Kim MJ, Jung SK. Nutraceuticals for prevention of atherosclerosis: Targeting monocyte infiltration to the vascular endothelium. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13200. [PMID: 32189369 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death, globally, and is a serious problem in developing countries. Preventing atherosclerosis is key to reducing the risk of developing CVD. Similar to carcinogenesis, atherogenesis can be divided into four stages: initiation, promotion, progression, and acute events. The current study focuses on the promotion stage, which is characterized by circular monocyte penetration into vascular endothelial cells, monocyte differentiation into macrophages, and the formation of foam cells. This early stage of atherogenesis is a major target for nutraceuticals. We discuss nutraceuticals that can potentially inhibit monocyte adhesion to the vascular endothelium, thereby preventing the promotional stage of atherosclerosis. The mechanisms through which these nutraceuticals prevent monocyte adhesion are classified according to the following targets: NF-κB, ROS, MAPKs, and AP-1. Additionally, we discuss promising targets for nutraceuticals that can regulate monocyte adhesion to the endothelium. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Introduction of atherogenesis with initiation, promotion, progression, and acute events provide specific information and factors for each step in the development of atherosclerosis. Functional food or pharmaceutical researchers can set target stages and use them to develop materials that control atherosclerosis. In particular, because it focuses on vascular inflammation via interaction between monocytes and vascular endothelial cells, it provides specific information to researchers developing functional foods that regulate this process. Therefore, this manuscript, unlike previous papers, will provide material information and potential mechanisms of action to researchers who want to develop functional foods that control vascular inflammation rather than vascular lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jeong Kim
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Keun Jung
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Agricultural Science & Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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15
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Xie Q, Xiong F, Wu X, Chen J, Gu X, Su C, Xiao L, Zheng Z, Wei Y, Ullah H, Zha L. Soyasaponins A 1 and A 2 exert anti-atherosclerotic functionalities by decreasing hypercholesterolemia and inflammation in high fat diet (HFD)-fed ApoE -/- mice. Food Funct 2020; 11:253-269. [PMID: 31956875 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo02654a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease causing coronary heart attacks and strokes. Soyasaponins (SS), the phytochemicals naturally existing in soybeans and their products, have been shown to reduce hypercholesterolemia and inflammation, which are intimately related to the genesis and development of atherosclerosis. However, the anti-atherosclerotic functionality of soyasaponins remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the supplementation of two types of soyasaponin monomers (A1 and A2) on atherosclerotic plaque formation, serum lipid profiles, and inflammation in ApoE gene knockout (ApoE-/-) mice. Sixty 5-week-old ApoE-/- male mice were fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) and intervened by SSA1 and SSA2 (10 and 20 μmol per kg BW, respectively) or simvastatin (10 μmol per kg BW) for 24 weeks. The atherosclerotic lesions in the aorta, aortic root, and innominate artery, lipid profile and inflammatory markers in serum, and TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling in arterial tissues were determined. SSA1 and SSA2 decreased the plaque ratio in the aortic root and innominate artery but not in the entire aorta. In serum, SSA1 reduced TG, TC, and LDL-C but increased HDL-C; SSA2 decreased TC, TG, and LDL-C but did not affect HDL-C. Meanwhile, SSA1 increased TG, SSA2 increased TC, and both of them increased bile acids in the feces. SSA1 and SSA2 lowered TNF-α, MCP-1, and hs-crp in serum. Furthermore, SSA1 and SSA2 reduced the TLR4 and MyD88 expressions in the aorta and innominate artery and inhibited NF-κB p65 and IκBα phosphorylation in the aorta. These results suggest that SSA1 and SSA2 exert anti-atherosclerotic functionalities by decreasing hypercholesterolemia and inflammation in HFD-fed ApoE-/- mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qunying Xie
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, P. R. China.
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16
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Luo X, Xiao B, Xiao Z. Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Adenosine 5'-Trisphosphate in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells Through Negative Regulation of Toll-Like Receptor MyD88 Signaling. DNA Cell Biol 2019; 38:1557-1563. [PMID: 31580158 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2019.4773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB signaling by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) evokes a proinflammatory immune response, and plays a pivotal role in initiation and progression of atherosclerosis (AS). ATP (adenosine 5'-trisphosphate), a powerful extracellular signal transduction molecule, functions to regulate immune inflammatory responses depending on the type of P2 receptors and cell lines. In this study, we first performed RT-PCR to detect the mRNA expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), IL-8, and IL-1β induced by different concentrations of LPS in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Protein level of TLR4 signaling including TLR4, myeloid differentiation factor (MyD88), and CD14 induced by LPS (1 μg/mL) at different times (0, 10, 30, 60, 120 min) was analyzed by Western blot. Then, RT-PCR was performed to detect the effect of different concentrations of ATP on mRNA expression of IL-1β and MCP-1 induced by LPS (1 μg/mL) and the TLR4 signaling pathway. Western blot was performed to detect the effect of low concentrations of ATP on phosphorylation of p65 induced by 1 μg/mL LPS. Finally, we used P2Y receptor blocker Suramin to verify whether the role of ATP on LPS-induced inflammatory cytokine expression was through P2Y receptors. The results showed that LPS upregulated the expression of MCP-1, IL-8, and IL-1β in a dose-dependent manner accompanied by the activation of TLR4-MyD88 signaling in HUVECs. Only low concentration ATP (1, 10 μM) inhibited LPS-induced mRNA expression of IL-1β and MCP-1. ATP at low concentrations also downregulated the mRNA expression of TLR4, CD14, and MyD88 and inhibited LPS-induced phosphorylation of p65. Furthermore, Suramin, a nonspecific P2Y receptor antagonist, did not attenuate the inhibition of ATP on LPS-induced IL-1β and MCP-1 expression. Taking this together, low concentration ATP inhibited LPS-induced inflammation in HUVECs by negatively regulating TLR4-MyD88 signaling, and P2Y receptors were not involved in this process, which might provide new ideas for prevention and treatment of inflammatory diseases such as AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyang Luo
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bolin Xiao
- School of Stomatological, WuHan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhilin Xiao
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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APOC3 promotes TNF-α-induced expression of JAM-1 in endothelial cell via PI3K-IKK2-p65 pathway. Cardiovasc Pathol 2019; 41:11-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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18
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Li W, Zhi W, Zhao J, Li W, Zang L, Liu F, Niu X. Cinnamaldehyde attenuates atherosclerosis via targeting the IκB/NF-κB signaling pathway in high fat diet-induced ApoE−/− mice. Food Funct 2019; 10:4001-4009. [DOI: 10.1039/c9fo00396g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cinnamaldehyde is a flavor isolated from the bark of Cinnamomum cassia Presl and exerts anti-inflammation effects in various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Li
- School of Pharmacy
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710061
- P.R. China
| | - Wenbing Zhi
- School of Pharmacy
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710061
- P.R. China
- Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Jinmeng Zhao
- School of Pharmacy
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710061
- P.R. China
| | - Wenqi Li
- School of Pharmacy
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710061
- P.R. China
| | - Lulu Zang
- School of Pharmacy
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710061
- P.R. China
| | - Fang Liu
- School of Pharmacy
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710061
- P.R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Niu
- School of Pharmacy
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710061
- P.R. China
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