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Turanli B, Gulfidan G, Aydogan OO, Kula C, Selvaraj G, Arga KY. Genome-scale metabolic models in translational medicine: the current status and potential of machine learning in improving the effectiveness of the models. Mol Omics 2024; 20:234-247. [PMID: 38444371 DOI: 10.1039/d3mo00152k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
The genome-scale metabolic model (GEM) has emerged as one of the leading modeling approaches for systems-level metabolic studies and has been widely explored for a broad range of organisms and applications. Owing to the development of genome sequencing technologies and available biochemical data, it is possible to reconstruct GEMs for model and non-model microorganisms as well as for multicellular organisms such as humans and animal models. GEMs will evolve in parallel with the availability of biological data, new mathematical modeling techniques and the development of automated GEM reconstruction tools. The use of high-quality, context-specific GEMs, a subset of the original GEM in which inactive reactions are removed while maintaining metabolic functions in the extracted model, for model organisms along with machine learning (ML) techniques could increase their applications and effectiveness in translational research in the near future. Here, we briefly review the current state of GEMs, discuss the potential contributions of ML approaches for more efficient and frequent application of these models in translational research, and explore the extension of GEMs to integrative cellular models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beste Turanli
- Marmara University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, Istanbul, Turkey.
- Health Biotechnology Joint Research and Application Center of Excellence, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gizem Gulfidan
- Marmara University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ozge Onluturk Aydogan
- Marmara University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ceyda Kula
- Marmara University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, Istanbul, Turkey.
- Health Biotechnology Joint Research and Application Center of Excellence, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gurudeeban Selvaraj
- Concordia University, Centre for Research in Molecular Modeling & Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Quebec, Canada
- Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Department of Biomaterials, Bioinformatics Unit, Chennai, India
| | - Kazim Yalcin Arga
- Marmara University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, Istanbul, Turkey.
- Health Biotechnology Joint Research and Application Center of Excellence, Istanbul, Turkey
- Marmara University, Genetic and Metabolic Diseases Research and Investigation Center, Istanbul, Turkey
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2
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Shen W, Middleton MS, Cunha GM, Delgado TI, Wolfson T, Gamst A, Fowler KJ, Alazraki A, Trout AT, Ohliger MA, Shah SN, Bashir MR, Kleiner DE, Loomba R, Neuschwander-Tetri BA, Sanyal AJ, Zhou J, Sirlin CB, Lavine JE. Changes in abdominal adipose tissue depots assessed by MRI correlate with hepatic histologic improvement in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. J Hepatol 2023; 78:238-246. [PMID: 36368598 PMCID: PMC9852022 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2022.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is prevalent in adults with obesity and can progress to cirrhosis. In a secondary analysis of prospectively acquired data from the multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled FLINT trial, we investigated the relationship between reduction in adipose tissue compartment volumes and hepatic histologic improvement. METHODS Adult participants in the FLINT trial with paired liver biopsies and abdominal MRI exams at baseline and end-of-treatment (72 weeks) were included (n = 76). Adipose tissue compartment volumes were obtained using MRI. RESULTS Treatment and placebo groups did not differ in baseline adipose tissue volumes, or in change in adipose tissue volumes longitudinally (p = 0.107 to 0.745). Deep subcutaneous adipose tissue (dSAT) and visceral adipose tissue volume reductions were associated with histologic improvement in NASH (i.e., NAS [non-alcoholic fatty liver disease activity score] reductions of ≥2 points, at least 1 point from lobular inflammation and hepatocellular ballooning, and no worsening of fibrosis) (p = 0.031, and 0.030, respectively). In a stepwise logistic regression procedure, which included demographics, treatment group, baseline histology, baseline and changes in adipose tissue volumes, MRI hepatic proton density fat fraction (PDFF), and serum aminotransferases as potential predictors, reductions in dSAT and PDFF were associated with histologic improvement in NASH (regression coefficient = -2.001 and -0.083, p = 0.044 and 0.033, respectively). CONCLUSIONS In adults with NASH in the FLINT trial, those with greater longitudinal reductions in dSAT and potentially visceral adipose tissue volumes showed greater hepatic histologic improvements, independent of reductions in hepatic PDFF. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER NCT01265498. IMPACT AND IMPLICATIONS Although central obesity has been identified as a risk factor for obesity-related disorders including insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease, the role of central obesity in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) warrants further clarification. Our results highlight that a reduction in central obesity, specifically deep subcutaneous adipose tissue and visceral adipose tissue, may be related to histologic improvement in NASH. The findings from this analysis should increase awareness of the importance of lifestyle intervention in NASH for clinical researchers and clinicians. Future studies and clinical practice may design interventions that assess the reduction of deep subcutaneous adipose tissue and visceral adipose tissue as outcome measures, rather than simply weight reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shen
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA;; Institute of Human Nutrition, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center; NY, USA;; Columbia Magnetic Resonance Research Center (CMRRC), Columbia University, USA.
| | - Michael S Middleton
- Liver Imaging Group, Department of Radiology, UCSD School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Timoteo I Delgado
- Liver Imaging Group, Department of Radiology, UCSD School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Tanya Wolfson
- Computational and Applied Statistics Laboratory (CASL), San Diego Supercomputer Center at UCSD, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Anthony Gamst
- Computational and Applied Statistics Laboratory (CASL), San Diego Supercomputer Center at UCSD, San Diego, CA, USA;; Department of Mathematics, UCSD, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Kathryn J Fowler
- Liver Imaging Group, Department of Radiology, UCSD School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Adina Alazraki
- Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Andrew T Trout
- Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Michael A Ohliger
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Shetal N Shah
- Section of Abdominal Imaging and Nuclear Medicine Department, Imaging Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Mustafa R Bashir
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA;; Center for Advanced Magnetic Resonance Development, (CAMRD), Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA;; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - David E Kleiner
- Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rohit Loomba
- NAFLD Research Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Jane Zhou
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Claude B Sirlin
- Liver Imaging Group, Department of Radiology, UCSD School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Joel E Lavine
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA;; Institute of Human Nutrition, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center; NY, USA
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3
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Zhao X, Liu H, Pan Y, Liu Y, Zhang F, Ao H, Zhang J, Xing K, Wang C. Identification of Potential Candidate Genes From Co-Expression Module Analysis During Preadipocyte Differentiation in Landrace Pig. Front Genet 2022; 12:753725. [PMID: 35178067 PMCID: PMC8843850 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.753725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Preadipocyte differentiation plays an important role in lipid deposition and affects fattening efficiency in pigs. In the present study, preadipocytes isolated from the subcutaneous adipose tissue of three Landrace piglets were induced into mature adipocytes in vitro. Gene clusters associated with fat deposition were investigated using RNA sequencing data at four time points during preadipocyte differentiation. Twenty-seven co-expression modules were subsequently constructed using weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses revealed three modules (blue, magenta, and brown) as being the most critical during preadipocyte differentiation. Based on these data and our previous differentially expressed gene analysis, angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) was identified as a key regulator of preadipocyte differentiation and lipid metabolism. After inhibition of ANGPTL4, the expression of adipogenesis-related genes was reduced, except for that of lipoprotein lipase (LPL), which was negatively regulated by ANGPTL4 during preadipocyte differentiation. Our findings provide a new perspective to understand the mechanism of fat deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xitong Zhao
- Beijing Shunxin Agriculture Co., Ltd., Beijing, China.,China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Huatao Liu
- China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongjie Pan
- Beijing Shunxin Agriculture Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Yibing Liu
- China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Hong Ao
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jibin Zhang
- City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Kai Xing
- Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
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Ezzamouri B, Shoaie S, Ledesma-Amaro R. Synergies of Systems Biology and Synthetic Biology in Human Microbiome Studies. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:681982. [PMID: 34531833 PMCID: PMC8438329 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.681982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of studies have shown that the microbial communities of the human body are integral for the maintenance of human health. Advances in next-generation sequencing have enabled rapid and large-scale quantification of the composition of microbial communities in health and disease. Microorganisms mediate diverse host responses including metabolic pathways and immune responses. Using a system biology approach to further understand the underlying alterations of the microbiota in physiological and pathological states can help reveal potential novel therapeutic and diagnostic interventions within the field of synthetic biology. Tools such as biosensors, memory arrays, and engineered bacteria can rewire the microbiome environment. In this article, we review the computational tools used to study microbiome communities and the current limitations of these methods. We evaluate how genome-scale metabolic models (GEMs) can advance our understanding of the microbe-microbe and microbe-host interactions. Moreover, we present how synergies between these system biology approaches and synthetic biology can be harnessed in human microbiome studies to improve future therapeutics and diagnostics and highlight important knowledge gaps for future research in these rapidly evolving fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bouchra Ezzamouri
- Unit for Population-Based Dermatology Research, St John’s Institute of Dermatology, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London, London, United Kindom
- Faculty of Dentistry, Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Bioengineering and Imperial College Centre for Synthetic Biology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Saeed Shoaie
- Faculty of Dentistry, Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH—Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rodrigo Ledesma-Amaro
- Department of Bioengineering and Imperial College Centre for Synthetic Biology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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5
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Does adipose tissue inflammation drive the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in obesity? Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2020; 44:394-402. [PMID: 32044284 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2019.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Obesity, an increasingly common problem in modern societies, is associated with acquired metabolic disturbances. In this perspective, the development of insulin resistance is now recognized to be initiated by inflammation of the adipose tissue, but the events that lead to this inflammation are still vague. Furthermore, visceral adipose tissue plays a significant role in obesity pathophysiology and in its clinical effects, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Among the possible mechanisms linking NAFLD and obesity, we focused on Visfatin/NAMPT, mostly produced by macrophages infiltrated in adipose tissue and a biomarker of the inflammatory cascade affecting hepatic inflammation in NAFLD. We also addressed the signalling pathway triggered by the binding of VEGF-B to its receptor, which mediates lipid fluxes throughout the body, being a promising target to prevent ectopic lipid accumulation. We reviewed the available literature on the topic and we suggest a crosstalk between adipose tissue inflammation and NAFLD in order to provide new insights about the putative mechanisms involved in the development of NAFLD in the obesity context. A better understanding of the pathophysiological processes underlying NAFLD will allow the development of new therapeutic approaches.
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Sahoo S, Singh D, Chakraborty P, Jolly MK. Emergent Properties of the HNF4α-PPARγ Network May Drive Consequent Phenotypic Plasticity in NAFLD. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E870. [PMID: 32235813 PMCID: PMC7141525 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9030870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common form of chronic liver disease in adults and children. It is characterized by excessive accumulation of lipids in the hepatocytes of patients without any excess alcohol intake. With a global presence of 24% and limited therapeutic options, the disease burden of NAFLD is increasing. Thus, it becomes imperative to attempt to understand the dynamics of disease progression at a systems-level. Here, we decoded the emergent dynamics of underlying gene regulatory networks that were identified to drive the initiation and the progression of NAFLD. We developed a mathematical model to elucidate the dynamics of the HNF4α-PPARγ gene regulatory network. Our simulations reveal that this network can enable multiple co-existing phenotypes under certain biological conditions: an adipocyte, a hepatocyte, and a "hybrid" adipocyte-like state of the hepatocyte. These phenotypes may also switch among each other, thus enabling phenotypic plasticity and consequently leading to simultaneous deregulation of the levels of molecules that maintain a hepatic identity and/or facilitate a partial or complete acquisition of adipocytic traits. These predicted trends are supported by the analysis of clinical data, further substantiating the putative role of phenotypic plasticity in driving NAFLD. Our results unravel how the emergent dynamics of underlying regulatory networks can promote phenotypic plasticity, thereby propelling the clinically observed changes in gene expression often associated with NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarthak Sahoo
- Undergraduate Programme, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Divyoj Singh
- Undergraduate Programme, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Priyanka Chakraborty
- Centre for BioSystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Mohit Kumar Jolly
- Centre for BioSystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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Blencowe M, Karunanayake T, Wier J, Hsu N, Yang X. Network Modeling Approaches and Applications to Unravelling Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:E966. [PMID: 31771247 PMCID: PMC6947017 DOI: 10.3390/genes10120966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a progressive condition of the liver encompassing a range of pathologies including steatosis, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Research into this disease is imperative due to its rapid growth in prevalence, economic burden, and current lack of FDA approved therapies. NAFLD involves a highly complex etiology that calls for multi-tissue multi-omics network approaches to uncover the pathogenic genes and processes, diagnostic biomarkers, and potential therapeutic strategies. In this review, we first present a basic overview of disease pathogenesis, risk factors, and remaining knowledge gaps, followed by discussions of the need and concepts of multi-tissue multi-omics approaches, various network methodologies and application examples in NAFLD research. We highlight the findings that have been uncovered thus far including novel biomarkers, genes, and biological pathways involved in different stages of NAFLD, molecular connections between NAFLD and its comorbidities, mechanisms underpinning sex differences, and druggable targets. Lastly, we outline the future directions of implementing network approaches to further improve our understanding of NAFLD in order to guide diagnosis and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montgomery Blencowe
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (M.B.); (T.K.); (J.W.); (N.H.)
- Molecular, Cellular, and Integrative Physiology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Tilan Karunanayake
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (M.B.); (T.K.); (J.W.); (N.H.)
| | - Julian Wier
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (M.B.); (T.K.); (J.W.); (N.H.)
| | - Neil Hsu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (M.B.); (T.K.); (J.W.); (N.H.)
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (M.B.); (T.K.); (J.W.); (N.H.)
- Molecular, Cellular, and Integrative Physiology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Interdepartmental Program of Bioinformatics, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Abstract
Genome-scale metabolic models (GEMs) computationally describe gene-protein-reaction associations for entire metabolic genes in an organism, and can be simulated to predict metabolic fluxes for various systems-level metabolic studies. Since the first GEM for Haemophilus influenzae was reported in 1999, advances have been made to develop and simulate GEMs for an increasing number of organisms across bacteria, archaea, and eukarya. Here, we review current reconstructed GEMs and discuss their applications, including strain development for chemicals and materials production, drug targeting in pathogens, prediction of enzyme functions, pan-reactome analysis, modeling interactions among multiple cells or organisms, and understanding human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changdai Gu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi Bae Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Jun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Uk Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), Systems Biology and Medicine Laboratory, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- Systems Metabolic Engineering and Systems Healthcare Cross-Generation Collaborative Laboratory, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- BioProcess Engineering Research Center and BioInformatics Research Center, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang Yup Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- Systems Metabolic Engineering and Systems Healthcare Cross-Generation Collaborative Laboratory, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- BioProcess Engineering Research Center and BioInformatics Research Center, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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Cho JS, Gu C, Han TH, Ryu JY, Lee SY. Reconstruction of context-specific genome-scale metabolic models using multiomics data to study metabolic rewiring. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coisb.2019.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Knebel B, Fahlbusch P, Poschmann G, Dille M, Wahlers N, Stühler K, Hartwig S, Lehr S, Schiller M, Jacob S, Kettel U, Müller-Wieland D, Kotzka J. Adipokinome Signatures in Obese Mouse Models Reflect Adipose Tissue Health and Are Associated with Serum Lipid Composition. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20102559. [PMID: 31137678 PMCID: PMC6567124 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipocyte and hepatic lipid metabolism govern whole-body metabolic homeostasis, whereas a disbalance of de novo lipogenesis (DNL) in fat and liver might lead to obesity, with severe co-morbidities. Nevertheless, some obese people are metabolically healthy, but the “protective” mechanisms are not yet known in detail. Especially, the adipocyte-derived molecular mediators that indicate adipose functionality are poorly understood. We studied transgenic mice (alb-SREBP-1c) with a “healthy” obese phenotype, and obob mice with hyperphagia-induced “sick” obesity to analyze the impact of the tissue-specific DNL on the secreted proteins, i.e., the adipokinome, of the primary adipose cells by label-free proteomics. Compared to the control mice, adipose DNL is reduced in both obese mouse models. In contrast, the hepatic DNL is reduced in obob but elevated in alb-SREBP-1c mice. To investigate the relationship between lipid metabolism and adipokinomes, we formulated the “liver-to-adipose-tissue DNL” ratio. Knowledge-based analyses of these results revealed adipocyte functionality with proteins, which was involved in tissue remodeling or metabolism in the alb-SREBP-1c mice and in the control mice, but mainly in fibrosis in the obob mice. The adipokinome in “healthy” obesity is similar to that in a normal condition, but it differs from that in “sick” obesity, whereas the serum lipid patterns reflect the “liver-to-adipose-tissue DNL” ratio and are associated with the adipokinome signature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Knebel
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research; 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - Pia Fahlbusch
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research; 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - Gereon Poschmann
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - Matthias Dille
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research; 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - Natalie Wahlers
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research; 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - Kai Stühler
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
- Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Molecular Proteomics Laboratory, BMFZ, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - Sonja Hartwig
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research; 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - Stefan Lehr
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research; 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - Martina Schiller
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research; 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - Sylvia Jacob
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research; 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - Ulrike Kettel
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research; 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - Dirk Müller-Wieland
- Clinical Research Centre, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Jörg Kotzka
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research; 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
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Melia T, Waxman DJ. Sex-Biased lncRNAs Inversely Correlate With Sex-Opposite Gene Coexpression Networks in Diversity Outbred Mouse Liver. Endocrinology 2019; 160:989-1007. [PMID: 30840070 PMCID: PMC6449536 DOI: 10.1210/en.2018-00949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Sex differences in liver gene expression are determined by pituitary growth hormone secretion patterns, which regulate sex-dependent liver transcription factors and establish sex-specific chromatin states. Hypophysectomy (hypox) identifies two major classes of liver sex-biased genes, defined by their sex-dependent positive or negative responses to pituitary hormone ablation. However, the mechanisms that underlie each hypox-response class are unknown. We sought to discover candidate, regulatory, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) controlling responsiveness to hypox. We characterized gene structures and expression patterns for 15,558 mouse liver-expressed lncRNAs, including many sex-specific lncRNAs regulated during postnatal development or subject to circadian regulation. Using the high natural allelic variance of Diversity Outbred (DO) mice, we discovered tightly coexpressed clusters of sex-specific protein-coding genes (gene modules) in male and female DO liver. Remarkably, many gene modules were strongly enriched for sex-specific genes within a single hypox-response class, indicating that the genetic heterogeneity of DO mice encompasses responsiveness to hypox. Moreover, several distant gene modules were enriched for gene subsets of the same hypox-response class, highlighting the complex regulation of hypox-responsiveness. Finally, we identified eight sex-specific lncRNAs with strong negative regulatory potential, as indicated by their strong negative correlation of expression across DO mouse livers with that of protein-coding gene modules enriched for genes of the opposite sex bias and inverse hypox-response class. These findings reveal an important role for genetic factors in regulating responsiveness to hypox, and present testable hypotheses for the roles of sex-biased liver lncRNAs in controlling the sex-bias of liver gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tisha Melia
- Department of Biology and Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David J Waxman
- Department of Biology and Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
- Correspondence: David J. Waxman, PhD, Department of Biology, Boston University, 5 Cummington Mall, Boston, Massachusetts 02215. E-mail:
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12
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Suppli MP, Rigbolt KTG, Veidal SS, Heebøll S, Eriksen PL, Demant M, Bagger JI, Nielsen JC, Oró D, Thrane SW, Lund A, Strandberg C, Kønig MJ, Vilsbøll T, Vrang N, Thomsen KL, Grønbæk H, Jelsing J, Hansen HH, Knop FK. Hepatic transcriptome signatures in patients with varying degrees of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease compared with healthy normal-weight individuals. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2019; 316:G462-G472. [PMID: 30653341 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00358.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents a spectrum of conditions ranging from simple steatosis (NAFL), over nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) with or without fibrosis, to cirrhosis with end-stage disease. The hepatic molecular events underlying the development of NAFLD and transition to NASH are poorly understood. The present study aimed to determine hepatic transcriptome dynamics in patients with NAFL or NASH compared with healthy normal-weight and obese individuals. RNA sequencing and quantitative histomorphometry of liver fat, inflammation and fibrosis were performed on liver biopsies obtained from healthy normal-weight ( n = 14) and obese ( n = 12) individuals, NAFL ( n = 15) and NASH ( n = 16) patients. Normal-weight and obese subjects showed normal liver histology and comparable gene expression profiles. Liver transcriptome signatures were largely overlapping in NAFL and NASH patients, however, clearly separated from healthy normal-weight and obese controls. Most marked pathway perturbations identified in both NAFL and NASH were associated with markers of lipid metabolism, immunomodulation, extracellular matrix remodeling, and cell cycle control. Interestingly, NASH patients with positive Sonic hedgehog hepatocyte staining showed distinct transcriptome and histomorphometric changes compared with NAFL. In conclusion, application of immunohistochemical markers of hepatocyte injury may serve as a more objective tool for distinguishing NASH from NAFL, facilitating improved resolution of hepatic molecular changes associated with progression of NAFLD. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease in Western countries. NAFLD is associated with the metabolic syndrome and can progress to the more serious form, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and ultimately lead to irreversible liver damage. Using gold standard molecular and histological techniques, this study demonstrates that the currently used diagnostic tools are problematic for differentiating mild NAFLD from NASH and emphasizes the marked need for developing improved histological markers of NAFLD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malte P Suppli
- Department of Clinical Metabolic Physiology, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
| | | | | | - Sara Heebøll
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital , Aarhus , Denmark
| | - Peter Lykke Eriksen
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital , Aarhus , Denmark
| | - Mia Demant
- Department of Clinical Metabolic Physiology, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Jonatan I Bagger
- Department of Clinical Metabolic Physiology, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Asger Lund
- Department of Clinical Metabolic Physiology, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Charlotte Strandberg
- Department of Radiology, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Merete J Kønig
- Department of Radiology, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Tina Vilsbøll
- Department of Clinical Metabolic Physiology, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | | | - Karen L Thomsen
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital , Aarhus , Denmark
| | - Henning Grønbæk
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital , Aarhus , Denmark
| | | | | | - Filip K Knop
- Department of Clinical Metabolic Physiology, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark.,Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
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13
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Šeda O, Cahová M, Míková I, Šedová L, Daňková H, Heczková M, Brátová M, Ďásková N, Erhartová D, Čapek V, Chylíková B, Trunečka P. Hepatic Gene Expression Profiles Differentiate Steatotic and Non-steatotic Grafts in Liver Transplant Recipients. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:270. [PMID: 31114547 PMCID: PMC6502969 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Liver transplantation leads to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease or non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in up to 40% of graft recipients. The aim of our study was to assess transcriptomic profiles of liver grafts and to contrast the hepatic gene expression between the patients after transplantation with vs. without graft steatosis. Methods: Total RNA was isolated from liver graft biopsies of 91 recipients. Clinical characteristics were compared between steatotic (n = 48) and control (n = 43) samples. Their transcriptomic profiles were assessed using Affymetrix HuGene 2.1 ST Array Strips processed in Affymetrix GeneAtlas. Data were analyzed using Partek Genomics Suite 6.6 and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. Results: The individuals with hepatic steatosis showed higher indices of obesity including weight, waist circumference or BMI but the two groups were comparable in measures of insulin sensitivity and cholesterol concentrations. We have identified 747 transcripts (326 upregulated and 421 downregulated in steatotic samples compared to controls) significantly differentially expressed between grafts with vs. those without steatosis. Among the most downregulated genes in steatotic samples were P4HA1, IGF1, or fetuin B while the most upregulated were PLIN1 and ME1. Most influential upstream regulators included HNF1A, RXRA, and FXR. The metabolic pathways dysregulated in steatotic liver grafts comprised blood coagulation, bile acid synthesis and transport, cell redox homeostasis, lipid and cholesterol metabolism, epithelial adherence junction signaling, amino acid metabolism, AMPK and glucagon signaling, transmethylation reactions, and inflammation-related pathways. The derived mechanistic network underlying major transcriptome differences between steatotic samples and controls featured PPARA and SERPINE1 as main nodes. Conclusions: While there is a certain overlap between the results of the current study and published transcriptomic profiles of non-transplanted livers with steatosis, we have identified discrete characteristics of the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in liver grafts potentially utilizable for the establishment of predictive signature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondrej Šeda
- First Faculty of Medicine, The General University Hospital, Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Monika Cahová
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czechia
- *Correspondence: Monika Cahová
| | - Irena Míková
- Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czechia
| | - Lucie Šedová
- First Faculty of Medicine, The General University Hospital, Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Helena Daňková
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czechia
| | - Marie Heczková
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czechia
| | - Miriam Brátová
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czechia
| | - Nikola Ďásková
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czechia
| | - Denisa Erhartová
- Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czechia
| | - Václav Čapek
- Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czechia
| | - Blanka Chylíková
- First Faculty of Medicine, The General University Hospital, Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Pavel Trunečka
- Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czechia
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14
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Baranova A, Maltseva D, Tonevitsky A. Adipose may actively delay progression of NAFLD by releasing tumor-suppressing, anti-fibrotic miR-122 into circulation. Obes Rev 2019; 20:108-118. [PMID: 30248223 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver pathology. Here we propose tissue-cooperative, homeostatic model of NAFLD. During early stages of NAFLD the intrahepatic production of miR-122 falls, while the secretion of miRNA-containing exosomes by adipose increases. Bloodstream carries exosome to the liver, where their miRNA cargo is released to regulate their intrahepatic targets. When the deterioration of adipose catches up with the failing hepatic parenchyma, the external supply of liver-supporting miRNAs gradually tapers off, leading to the fibrotic decompensation of the liver and an increase in hepatic carcinogenesis. This model may explain paradoxical observations of the disease-associated decrease in intrahepatic production of certain miRNAs with an increase in their levels in serum. Infusions of miR-122 and, possibly, some other miRNAs may be efficient for preventing NAFLD-associated hepatocellular carcinoma. The best candidates for exosome-wrapped miRNA producer are adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), known for their capacity to shed large amounts of exosomes into the media. Notably, MSC-derived exosomes with no specific loading are already tested in patients with liver fibrosis. Carrier exosomes may be co-manufactured along with their cargo. Exosome-delivered miRNA cocktails may augment functioning of human organs suffering from a variety of chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Baranova
- School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA.,Research Center for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - D Maltseva
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University (FEFU), Vladivostok, Russia.,Scientific Research Center Bioclinicum (SRC Bioclinicum), Moscow, Russia
| | - A Tonevitsky
- Scientific Research Center Bioclinicum (SRC Bioclinicum), Moscow, Russia.,Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
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15
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Wang X, Ping FF, Bakht S, Ling J, Hassan W. Immunometabolism features of metabolic deregulation and cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 23:694-701. [PMID: 30450768 PMCID: PMC6349168 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunometabolism is a branch dealing at the interface of immune functionalities and metabolic regulations. Considered as a bidirectional trafficking, metabolic contents and their precursors bring a considerable change in immune cells signal transductions which as a result affect the metabolic organs and states as an implication. Lipid metabolic ingredients form a major chunk of daily diet and have a proven contribution in immune cells induction, which then undergo metabolic pathway shuffling inside their ownself. Lipid metabolic states activate relevant metabolic pathways inside immune cells that in turn prime appropriate responses to outside environment in various states including lipid metabolic disorders itself and cancers as an extension. Although data on Immunometabolism are still growing, but scientific community need to adjust and readjust according to recent data on given subject. This review attempts to provide current important data on Immunometabolism and consequently its metabolic ramifications. Incumbent data on various lipid metabolic deregulations like obesity, metabolic syndrome, obese asthma and atherosclerosis are analysed. Further, metabolic repercussions on cancers and its immune modalities are also analysed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Feng-Feng Ping
- Wuxi People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Sahar Bakht
- Faculty of Pharmacy and alternative medicine, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | | | - Waseem Hassan
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore, Pakistan
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