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Meng Y, Wang W, Wang W, Li B, Zhang Y, Ho J. Anti-Ambipolar Heterojunctions: Materials, Devices, and Circuits. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2306290. [PMID: 37580311 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202306290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Anti-ambipolar heterojunctions are vital in constructing high-frequency oscillators, fast switches, and multivalued logic (MVL) devices, which hold promising potential for next-generation integrated circuit chips and telecommunication technologies. Thanks to the strategic material design and device integration, anti-ambipolar heterojunctions have demonstrated unparalleled device and circuit performance that surpasses other semiconducting material systems. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the achievements in the field of anti-ambipolar heterojunctions. First, the fundamental operating mechanisms of anti-ambipolar devices are discussed. After that, potential materials used in anti-ambipolar devices are discussed with particular attention to 2D-based, 1D-based, and organic-based heterojunctions. Next, the primary device applications employing anti-ambipolar heterojunctions, including anti-ambipolar transistors (AATs), photodetectors, frequency doublers, and synaptic devices, are summarized. Furthermore, alongside the advancements in individual devices, the practical integration of these devices at the circuit level, including topics such as MVL circuits, complex logic gates, and spiking neuron circuits, is also discussed. Lastly, the present key challenges and future research directions concerning anti-ambipolar heterojunctions and their applications are also emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Meng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Weijun Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Bowen Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Yuxuan Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Johnny Ho
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 816-8580, Japan
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2
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Zhang Q, Li M, Li L, Geng D, Chen W, Hu W. Recent progress in emerging two-dimensional organic-inorganic van der Waals heterojunctions. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:3096-3133. [PMID: 38373059 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00821e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted significant attention in recent decades due to their exceptional optoelectronic properties. Among them, to meet the growing demand for multifunctional applications, 2D organic-inorganic van der Waals (vdW) heterojunctions have become increasingly popular in the development of optoelectronic devices. These heterojunctions demonstrate impressive capability to synergistically combine the favourable characteristics of organic and inorganic materials, thereby offering a wide range of advantages. Also, they enable the creation of innovative device structures and introduce novel functionalities in existing 2D materials, avoiding the need for lattice matching in different material systems. Presently, researchers are actively working on improving the performance of devices based on 2D organic-inorganic vdW heterojunctions by focusing on enhancing the quality of 2D materials, precise stacking methods, energy band regulation, and material selection. Therefore, this review presents a thorough examination of the emerging 2D organic-inorganic vdW heterojunctions, including their classification, fabrication, and corresponding devices. Additionally, this review offers profound and comprehensive insight into the challenges in this field to inspire future research directions. It is expected to propel researchers to harness the extraordinary capabilities of 2D organic-inorganic vdW heterojunctions for a wider range of applications by further advancing the understanding of their fundamental properties, expanding the range of available materials, and exploring novel device architectures. The ongoing research and development in this field hold potential to unlock captivating advancements and foster practical applications across diverse industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Integrated Circuit, Ministry of Education & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Menghan Li
- Key Laboratory of Organic Integrated Circuit, Ministry of Education & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Lin Li
- College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China.
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Dechao Geng
- Key Laboratory of Organic Integrated Circuit, Ministry of Education & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Fuzhou 350207, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Fuzhou 350207, China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Integrated Circuit, Ministry of Education & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Fuzhou 350207, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
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3
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Obaidulla SM, Supina A, Kamal S, Khan Y, Kralj M. van der Waals 2D transition metal dichalcogenide/organic hybridized heterostructures: recent breakthroughs and emerging prospects of the device. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2023; 9:44-92. [PMID: 37902087 DOI: 10.1039/d3nh00310h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
The near-atomic thickness and organic molecular systems, including organic semiconductors and polymer-enabled hybrid heterostructures, of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (2D-TMDs) can modulate their optoelectronic and transport properties outstandingly. In this review, the current understanding and mechanism of the most recent and significant breakthrough of novel interlayer exciton emission and its modulation by harnessing the band energy alignment between TMDs and organic semiconductors in a TMD/organic (TMDO) hybrid heterostructure are demonstrated. The review encompasses up-to-date device demonstrations, including field-effect transistors, detectors, phototransistors, and photo-switchable superlattices. An exploration of distinct traits in 2D-TMDs and organic semiconductors delves into the applications of TMDO hybrid heterostructures. This review provides insights into the synthesis of 2D-TMDs and organic layers, covering fabrication techniques and challenges. Band bending and charge transfer via band energy alignment are explored from both structural and molecular orbital perspectives. The progress in emission modulation, including charge transfer, energy transfer, doping, defect healing, and phase engineering, is presented. The recent advancements in 2D-TMDO-based optoelectronic synaptic devices, including various 2D-TMDs and organic materials for neuromorphic applications are discussed. The section assesses their compatibility for synaptic devices, revisits the operating principles, and highlights the recent device demonstrations. Existing challenges and potential solutions are discussed. Finally, the review concludes by outlining the current challenges that span from synthesis intricacies to device applications, and by offering an outlook on the evolving field of emerging TMDO heterostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sk Md Obaidulla
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials and Sensing Devices, Institute of Physics, Bijenička Cesta 46, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
- Department of Condensed Matter and Materials Physics, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Sector III, Block JD, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India
| | - Antonio Supina
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials and Sensing Devices, Institute of Physics, Bijenička Cesta 46, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
- Chair of Physics, Montanuniversität Leoben, Franz Josef Strasse 18, 8700 Leoben, Austria
| | - Sherif Kamal
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials and Sensing Devices, Institute of Physics, Bijenička Cesta 46, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Yahya Khan
- Department of Physics, Karakoram International university (KIU), Gilgit 15100, Pakistan
| | - Marko Kralj
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials and Sensing Devices, Institute of Physics, Bijenička Cesta 46, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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Nakayama Y, Tsuruta R, Koganezawa T. 'Molecular Beam Epitaxy' on Organic Semiconductor Single Crystals: Characterization of Well-Defined Molecular Interfaces by Synchrotron Radiation X-ray Diffraction Techniques. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7119. [PMID: 36295203 PMCID: PMC9605552 DOI: 10.3390/ma15207119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Epitaxial growth, often termed "epitaxy", is one of the most essential techniques underpinning semiconductor electronics, because crystallinities of the materials seriously dominate operation efficiencies of the electronic devices such as power gain/consumption, response speed, heat loss, and so on. In contrast to already well-established epitaxial growth methodologies for inorganic (covalent or ionic) semiconductors, studies on inter-molecular (van der Waals) epitaxy for organic semiconductors is still in the initial stage. In the present review paper, we briefly summarize recent works on the epitaxial inter-molecular junctions built on organic semiconductor single-crystal surfaces, particularly on single crystals of pentacene and rubrene. Experimental methodologies applicable for the determination of crystal structures of such organic single-crystal-based molecular junctions are also illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuo Nakayama
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda 278-8510, Japan
- Division of Colloid and Interface Science, Tokyo University of Science, Noda 278-8510, Japan
- Research Group for Advanced Energy Conversion, Tokyo University of Science, Noda 278-8510, Japan
| | - Ryohei Tsuruta
- Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Koganezawa
- Industrial Application Division, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
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5
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Lee Y, Kim S, Lee HI, Kim SM, Kim SY, Kim K, Kwon H, Lee HW, Hwang HJ, Kang S, Lee BH. Demonstration of Anti-ambipolar Switch and Its Applications for Extremely Low Power Ternary Logic Circuits. ACS NANO 2022; 16:10994-11003. [PMID: 35763431 PMCID: PMC9331138 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c03523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Anti-ambipolar switch (AAS) devices at a narrow bias region are necessary to solve the intrinsic leakage current problem of ternary logic circuits. In this study, an AAS device with a very high peak-to-valley ratio (∼106) and adjustable operating range characteristics was successfully demonstrated using a ZnO and dinaphtho[2,3-b:2',3'-f]thieno[3,2-b]thiophene heterojunction structure. The entire device integration was completed at a low thermal budget of less than 200 °C, which makes this AAS device compatible with monolithic 3D integration. A 1-trit ternary full adder designed with this AAS device exhibits excellent power-delay product performance (∼122 aJ) with extremely low power (∼0.15 μW, 7 times lower than the reference circuit) and lower device count than those of other ternary device candidates.
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Tumino F, Rabia A, Bassi AL, Tosoni S, Casari C. Interface-Driven Assembly of Pentacene/MoS 2 Lateral Heterostructures. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2022; 126:1132-1139. [PMID: 35087609 PMCID: PMC8785183 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c06661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Mixed-dimensional van der Waals heterostructures formed by molecular assemblies and 2D materials provide a novel platform for fundamental nanoscience and future nanoelectronics applications. Here we investigate a prototypical hybrid heterostructure between pentacene molecules and 2D MoS2 nanocrystals, deposited on Au(111) by combining pulsed laser deposition and organic molecular beam epitaxy. The obtained structures were investigated in situ by scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy and analyzed theoretically by density functional theory calculations. Our results show the formation of atomically thin pentacene/MoS2 lateral heterostructures on the Au substrate. The most stable pentacene adsorption site corresponds to MoS2 terminations, where the molecules self-assemble parallel to the direction of MoS2 edges. The density of states changes sharply across the pentacene/MoS2 interface, indicating a weak interfacial coupling, which leaves the electronic signature of MoS2 edge states unaltered. This work unveils the self-organization of abrupt mixed-dimensional lateral heterostructures, opening to hybrid devices based on organic/inorganic one-dimensional junctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Tumino
- Dipartimento
di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, via G. Ponzio 34/3, Milano I-20133, Italy
| | - Andi Rabia
- Dipartimento
di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, via G. Ponzio 34/3, Milano I-20133, Italy
| | - Andrea Li Bassi
- Dipartimento
di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, via G. Ponzio 34/3, Milano I-20133, Italy
| | - Sergio Tosoni
- Dipartimento
di Scienza dei Materiali, Università
di Milano-Bicocca, via Roberto Cozzi 55, 20125 Milano, Italy
| | - Carlo
S. Casari
- Dipartimento
di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, via G. Ponzio 34/3, Milano I-20133, Italy
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7
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Thakar K, Lodha S. Multi-Bit Analog Transmission Enabled by Electrostatically Reconfigurable Ambipolar and Anti-Ambipolar Transport. ACS NANO 2021; 15:19692-19701. [PMID: 34890505 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c07032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Various analog applications, such as phase switching, have been demonstrated using either ambipolar or anti-ambipolar transport in two-dimensional materials. However, the availability of only one transport mode severely limits the application scope and range. This work demonstrates electrostatically reconfigurable and tunable ambipolar and anti-ambipolar transport in the same field-effect transistor using a photoactive ambipolar WSe2 channel with gate-controlled channel and Schottky barriers. This enables the realization of in-phase, out-of-phase, and double-frequency sinusoidal output signals under dark and illumination conditions. The output waveforms were used to generate phase-, frequency-, and amplitude-modulated analog schemes for 2- and 3-bit data transmission. Evaluation of all possible schemes for their power consumption, error probability, and implementation complexity highlights the importance of switching between ambipolar and anti-ambipolar modes of transport for best transmission performance. A dual-metal contact transistor with improved linearity for harmonic and excess power suppression demonstrates further performance enhancement. Generic device architecture and operation makes this work adaptable to any ambipolar material amenable to electrostatic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kartikey Thakar
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Saurabh Lodha
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
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8
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Garcia-Basabe Y, Steinberg D, Daminelli LM, Mendoza CD, de Souza EAT, Vicentin FC, G Larrudé D. Charge-transfer dynamics in van der Waals heterojunctions formed by thiophene-based semiconductor polymers and exfoliated franckeite investigated from resonantly core-excited electrons. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:16795-16805. [PMID: 34323251 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp01694f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Organic/inorganic van der Waals heterojunctions formed by a combination of 2D materials with semiconductor polymer films enable the fabrication of new device architectures that are interesting for electronic and optoelectronic applications. Here, we investigated the charge-transfer dynamics at the interface between 2D layered franckeite (Fr) and two thiophene-based conjugated polymers (PFO-DBT and P3HT) from the resonantly core-excited electron. The unoccupied electronic states of PFO-DBT/Fr and P3HT/Fr heterojunctions were studied using near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) and resonant Auger (RAS) synchrotron-based spectroscopies. We found evidence of ultrafast (subfemtosecond charge-transfer times) interfacial electron delocalization pathways from specific electronic states. For the interface between the PFO-DBT polymer and exfoliated franckeite, the most efficient interfacial electron delocalization pathways were found through π*(S-N) and π*(S-C) electronic states corresponding to the benzothiadiazole and thiophene units. On the other hand, for the P3HT polymer, we found that electrons excited to π-π* and S1s-π*(C-C) electronic states of the P3HT polymer are the most affected by the presence of exfoliated franckeite and consequently are the main interfacial electron-transfer pathways in this heterojunction. Our results have important implications in understanding how ultrafast electron delocalization is taking place in organic/inorganic van der Waals heterojunctions, which is relevant information in designing new devices involving these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunier Garcia-Basabe
- Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana, UNILA, 85867-970, Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil
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9
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Paul Inbaraj CR, Mathew RJ, Ulaganathan RK, Sankar R, Kataria M, Lin HY, Chen YT, Hofmann M, Lee CH, Chen YF. A Bi-Anti-Ambipolar Field Effect Transistor. ACS NANO 2021; 15:8686-8693. [PMID: 33970616 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c00762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Multistate logic is recognized as a promising approach to increase the device density of microelectronics, but current approaches are offset by limited performance and large circuit complexity. We here demonstrate a route toward increased integration density that is enabled by a mechanically tunable device concept. Bi-anti-ambipolar transistors (bi-AATs) exhibit two distinct peaks in their transconductance and can be realized by a single 2D-material heterojunction-based solid-state device. Dynamic deformation of the device reveals the co-occurrence of two conduction pathways to be the origin of this previously unobserved behavior. Initially, carrier conduction proceeds through the junction edge, but illumination and application of strain can increase the recombination rate in the junction sufficiently to support an alternative carrier conduction path through the junction area. Optical characterization reveals a tunable emission pattern and increased optoelectronic responsivity that corroborates our model. Strain control permits the optimization of the conduction efficiency through both pathways and can be employed in quaternary inverters for future multilogic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christy Roshini Paul Inbaraj
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Nano-science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Roshan Jesus Mathew
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Nano-science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | | | - Raman Sankar
- Center for Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Monika Kataria
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hsia Yu Lin
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yit-Tsong Chen
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Mario Hofmann
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hao Lee
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Fang Chen
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Advanced Research Centre for Green Materials Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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10
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Kachel SR, Dombrowski PM, Breuer T, Gottfried JM, Witte G. Engineering of TMDC-OSC hybrid interfaces: the thermodynamics of unitary and mixed acene monolayers on MoS 2. Chem Sci 2020; 12:2575-2585. [PMID: 34164025 PMCID: PMC8179302 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc05633b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hybrid systems of two-dimensional (2D) materials such as transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) and organic semiconductors (OSCs) have become subject of great interest for future device architectures. Although OSC-TMDC hybrid systems have been used in first device demonstrations, the precise preparation of ultra-thin OSC films on TMDCs has not been addressed. Due to the weak van der Waals interaction between TMDCs and OSCs, this requires precise knowledge of the thermodynamics at hand. Here, we use temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) and Monte Carlo (MC) simulations of TPD traces to characterize the desorption kinetics of pentacene (PEN) and perfluoropentacene (PFP) on MoS2 as a model system for OSCs on TMDCs. We show that the monolayers of PEN and PFP are thermally stabilized compared to their multilayers, which allows preparation of nominal monolayers by selective desorption of multilayers. This stabilization is, however, caused by entropy due to a high molecular mobility rather than an enhanced molecule-substrate bond. Consequently, the nominal monolayers are not densely packed films. Molecular mobility can be suppressed in mixed monolayers of PEN and PFP that, due to intermolecular attraction, form highly ordered films as shown by scanning tunneling microscopy. Although this reduces the entropic stabilization, the intermolecular attraction further stabilizes mixed films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan R Kachel
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35032 Marburg Germany
| | | | - Tobias Breuer
- Fachbereich Physik, Philipps-Universität Marburg Renthof 7 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - J Michael Gottfried
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Gregor Witte
- Fachbereich Physik, Philipps-Universität Marburg Renthof 7 35032 Marburg Germany
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11
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Zhang F, She L, Jia C, He X, Li Q, Sun J, Lei Z, Liu ZH. Few-layer and large flake size borophene: preparation with solvothermal-assisted liquid phase exfoliation. RSC Adv 2020; 10:27532-27537. [PMID: 35516915 PMCID: PMC9055579 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra03492d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The preparation of two-dimensional boron (B) nanosheets, especially for borophene, is still a challenge because of its unique structure and complex B-B bonds in bulk boron. In the present work, a novel preparation technology for borophene with only a few layers and large flake sizes is developed by a solvothermal-assisted liquid phase exfoliation process, consisting of ball milling-thinning, solvothermal swelling, and probe ultrasonic delamination. The exfoliation effect of the bulk B precursors is related to the surface tension and Hildebrand parameter of the selected solvents such as acetone, N,N-dimethyl formamide (DMF), acetonitrile, ethanol, and N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), and a relative small surface tension when using solvents is favorable for the exfoliation of bulk B. Four-layer thick borophene and an average lateral size of 5.05 μm can be obtained in acetone as the exfoliating solvent. The surface composition of the exfoliated few-layer borophene with large flake size hardly changes, while the chemical state of B changes to some extent because they are partly oxidized on the surface by contaminates before and after exfoliation. This acetone solvothermal-assisted liquid phase exfoliation technique can be used to prepare high quality borophene with large horizontal sizes, and it will provide the basis to study few-layer borophene with large sizes further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Shaanxi Normal University, Ministry of Education Xi'an 710062 P. R. China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
| | - Liaona She
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Shaanxi Normal University, Ministry of Education Xi'an 710062 P. R. China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
| | - Congying Jia
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Shaanxi Normal University, Ministry of Education Xi'an 710062 P. R. China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
| | - Xuexia He
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
| | - Qi Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
| | - Jie Sun
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
| | - Zhibin Lei
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Shaanxi Normal University, Ministry of Education Xi'an 710062 P. R. China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
| | - Zong-Huai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Shaanxi Normal University, Ministry of Education Xi'an 710062 P. R. China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
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12
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Beck ME, Hersam MC. Emerging Opportunities for Electrostatic Control in Atomically Thin Devices. ACS NANO 2020; 14:6498-6518. [PMID: 32463222 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c03299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Electrostatic control of charge carrier concentration underlies the field-effect transistor (FET), which is among the most ubiquitous devices in the modern world. As transistors and related electronic devices have been miniaturized to the nanometer scale, electrostatics have become increasingly important, leading to progressively sophisticated device geometries such as the finFET. With the advent of atomically thin materials in which dielectric screening lengths are greater than device physical dimensions, qualitatively different opportunities emerge for electrostatic control. In this Review, recent demonstrations of unconventional electrostatic modulation in atomically thin materials and devices are discussed. By combining low dielectric screening with the other characteristics of atomically thin materials such as relaxed requirements for lattice matching, quantum confinement of charge carriers, and mechanical flexibility, high degrees of electrostatic spatial inhomogeneity can be achieved, which enables a diverse range of gate-tunable properties that are useful in logic, memory, neuromorphic, and optoelectronic technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E Beck
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Mark C Hersam
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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13
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Wang C, Fu B, Zhang X, Li R, Dong H, Hu W. Solution-Processed, Large-Area, Two-Dimensional Crystals of Organic Semiconductors for Field-Effect Transistors and Phototransistors. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2020; 6:636-652. [PMID: 32490182 PMCID: PMC7256937 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.0c00251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Organic electronics with π-conjugated organic semiconductors are promising candidates for the next electronics revolution. For the conductive channel, the large-area two-dimensional (2D) crystals of organic semiconductors (2DCOS) serve as useful scaffolds for modern organic electronics, benefiting not only from long-range order and low defect density nature but also from unique charge transport characteristic and photoelectrical properties. Meanwhile, the solution process with advantages of cost-effectiveness and room temperature compatibility is the foundation of high-throughput print electrical devices. Herein, we will give an insightful overview to witness the huge advances in 2DCOS over the past decade. First, the typical influencing factors and state-of-the-art assembly strategies of the solution-process for large-area 2DCOS over sub-millimeter even to wafer size are discussed accompanying rational evaluation. Then, the charge transport characteristics and contact resistance of 2DCOS-based transistors are explored. Following this, beyond single transistors, the p-n junction devices and planar integrated circuits based on 2DCOS are also emphasized. Furthermore, the burgeoning phototransistors (OPTs) based on crystals in the 2D limits are elaborated. Next, we emphasized the unique and enhanced photoelectrical properties based on a hybrid system with other 2D van der Waals solids. Finally, frontier insights and opportunities are proposed, promoting further research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Wang
- Tianjin
Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of
Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University
and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering
(Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Beibei Fu
- Tianjin
Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of
Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University
and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering
(Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xiaotao Zhang
- Tianjin
Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of
Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University
and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering
(Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Rongjin Li
- Tianjin
Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of
Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University
and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering
(Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Huanli Dong
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic
Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Tianjin
Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of
Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University
and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering
(Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
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14
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Leydecker T, Wang ZM, Torricelli F, Orgiu E. Organic-based inverters: basic concepts, materials, novel architectures and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:7627-7670. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00106f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The review article covers the materials and techniques employed to fabricate organic-based inverter circuits and highlights their novel architectures, ground-breaking performances and potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Leydecker
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
- Chengdu 610054
- China
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS)
| | - Zhiming M. Wang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
- Chengdu 610054
- China
| | - Fabrizio Torricelli
- Department of Information Engineering
- University of Brescia
- 25123 Brescia
- Italy
| | - Emanuele Orgiu
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS)
- EMT Center
- Varennes J3X 1S2
- Canada
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15
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Xie XY, Liu XY, Fang Q, Fang WH, Cui G. Photoinduced Carrier Dynamics at the Interface of Pentacene and Molybdenum Disulfide. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:7693-7703. [PMID: 31419385 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b04728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Understanding of photoinduced interfacial carrier dynamics in organic-transition metal dichalcogenides heterostructures is very important for the enhancement of their potential photoelectronic conversion efficiencies. In this work we have used density functional theory (DFT) calculations and DFT-based fewest-switches surface-hopping dynamics simulations to explore the photoinduced hole transfer and subsequent nonadiabatic electron-hole recombination dynamics taking place at the interface of pentacene and MoS2 in pentacene@MoS2. Upon photoexcitation the electronic transition mainly occurs on the MoS2 monolayer, which corresponds to moving an electron to the MoS2 conduction band. As a result, a hole is left in the valence band. This hole state is energetically lower than certain occupied states of the pentacene molecule; thus, the interfacial hole transfer from MoS2 to pentacene is favorable in energy. In terms of nonadiabatic dynamics simulations, the hole transfer time to the HOMO-1 state of the pentacene is estimated to be about 600 fs; however, the following hole relaxation process from HOMO-1 to HOMO takes much longer time of ca. 15 ps due to the large energy gap between HOMO-1 and HOMO. Moreover, our results also show that the subsequent radiationless recombination process between the hole transferred to the pentacene molecule and the remaining electron on the MoS2 CBM needs about 10.2 ns. The computational results shed important mechanistic insights on the interfacial carrier dynamics of mixed-dimensional pentacene@MoS2. These insights could help to design excellent interfaces for organic-TMDs heterostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ying Xie
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , China
| | - Xiang-Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , China
| | - Qiu Fang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , China
| | - Wei-Hai Fang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , China
| | - Ganglong Cui
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , China
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Sun J, Choi Y, Choi YJ, Kim S, Park JH, Lee S, Cho JH. 2D-Organic Hybrid Heterostructures for Optoelectronic Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1803831. [PMID: 30786064 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201803831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The unique properties of hybrid heterostructures have motivated the integration of two or more different types of nanomaterials into a single optoelectronic device structure. Despite the promising features of organic semiconductors, such as their acceptable optoelectronic properties, availability of low-cost processes for their fabrication, and flexibility, further optimization of both material properties and device performances remains to be achieved. With the emergence of atomically thin 2D materials, they have been integrated with conventional organic semiconductors to form multidimensional heterostructures that overcome the present limitations and provide further opportunities in the field of optoelectronics. Herein, a comprehensive review of emerging 2D-organic heterostructures-from their synthesis and fabrication to their state-of-the-art optoelectronic applications-is presented. Future challenges and opportunities associated with these heterostructures are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Sun
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, Republic of Korea
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Super Microstructure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Yongsuk Choi
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jin Choi
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongchan Kim
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hong Park
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, Republic of Korea
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjoo Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nano Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Ho Cho
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nano Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, Republic of Korea
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17
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Park HJ, Park CJ, Kim JY, Kim MS, Kim J, Joo J. Hybrid Characteristics of MoS 2 Monolayer with Organic Semiconducting Tetracene and Application to Anti-Ambipolar Field Effect Transistor. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:32556-32566. [PMID: 30183249 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b10525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
An n-type MoS2 monolayer grown by chemical vapor deposition method was partially hybridized with an organic semiconducting p-type tetracene thin film. The photoluminescence (PL) intensity in the hybrid region of the MoS2/tetracene is clearly lower than that of pristine tetracene because of the charge-transfer effect, which was confirmed by the decrease in exciton lifetimes. Decrease in the temperature led to blue-shift in the PL peak position of MoS2 layers and, consequently, the PL intensities of both tetracene and MoS2 considerably increased owing to the decrease in phonon interaction. The PL spectra of bound excitons in the hybrid region were clearly observed at low temperatures, indicating the formation of trap states. The lateral-type n-p heterojunction field-effect transistors (FETs) using the MoS2/tetracene hybrid as an active layer showed gate-tunable rectification I- V and anti-ambipolar field-effect characteristics with hysteresis effect. The charge transport characteristics across the n-p heterojunction of the hybrid region of the FET can be explained in terms of the Shockley-Read-Hall trap-intermediated tunneling and Langevin recombination mechanisms. To improve the performance of MoS2/tetracene-based FET, a dielectric hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) thin layer was inserted between the SiO2 surface and the active MoS2 layer. We observed the decrease in the hysteresis effect and threshold voltage of the h-BN/MoS2/tetracene-based FETs due to the decrease in the number of traps at the interface. The performance of h-BN/MoS2/tetracene FET device was also enhanced after the annealing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Jung Park
- Department of Physics , Korea University , Seoul 02842 , Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Joon Park
- Department of Physics , Korea University , Seoul 02842 , Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Young Kim
- Department of Physics , Korea University , Seoul 02842 , Republic of Korea
| | - Min Su Kim
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP) , Institute of Basic Science (IBS) , Suwon 16419 , Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongyong Kim
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP) , Institute of Basic Science (IBS) , Suwon 16419 , Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Science , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419 , Republic of Korea
| | - Jinsoo Joo
- Department of Physics , Korea University , Seoul 02842 , Republic of Korea
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18
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Kobashi K, Hayakawa R, Chikyow T, Wakayama Y. Multi-Valued Logic Circuits Based on Organic Anti-ambipolar Transistors. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:4355-4359. [PMID: 29961329 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b01357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Multivalued logic circuits, which can handle more information than conventional binary logic circuits, have attracted much attention as a promising way to improve the data-processing capabilities of integrated circuits. In this study, we developed a ternary inverter based on organic field-effect transistors (OFET) as a potential component of high-performance and flexible integrated circuits. Key elements are anti-ambipolar and n-type OFETs connected in series. First, we demonstrate an organic ternary inverter that exhibits three distinct logic states. Second, the operating voltage was greatly reduced by taking advantage of an Al2O3 gate dielectric. Finally, the operating voltage was finely tuned by the designing of the device geometry. These results are achievable owing to the flexible controllability of the device configuration, suggesting that the organic ternary inverter plays an important role with regard to high-performance organic integrated circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuyoshi Kobashi
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA) , National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) 1-1 Namiki , Tsukuba 305-0044 , Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Engineering , Kyushu University 1-1 Namiki , Tsukuba 305-0044 , Japan
| | - Ryoma Hayakawa
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA) , National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) 1-1 Namiki , Tsukuba 305-0044 , Japan
| | - Toyohiro Chikyow
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA) , National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) 1-1 Namiki , Tsukuba 305-0044 , Japan
| | - Yutaka Wakayama
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA) , National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) 1-1 Namiki , Tsukuba 305-0044 , Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Engineering , Kyushu University 1-1 Namiki , Tsukuba 305-0044 , Japan
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19
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Yang X, Shan CX, Ni PN, Jiang MM, Chen AQ, Zhu H, Zang JH, Lu YJ, Shen DZ. Electrically driven lasers from van der Waals heterostructures. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:9602-9607. [PMID: 29748685 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr01037d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Van der Waals heterostructures (vdWHs) have opened new avenues for fundamental scientific studies and design of novel devices. Although numerous reports have demonstrated vdWH optoelectronic devices, no report on vdWH lasers can be found to date. In this paper we demonstrated electrically driven vdWH lasers for the first time, and the lasers were realized from ZnO microwire/MgO/p-GaN structures. By coating Ag films on the top surfaces of the ZnO microwires, the current injection and lasing directionality of the vdWH lasers have been improved significantly, and this improvement can be attributed to the high conductivity and reflectivity of the Ag film. The output power of the device can reach 2.41 μW under 14 mA drive current, which is among the highest values ever reported for ZnO based lasers. Our results may provide a promising way to electrically pumped lasers based on micro/nano-structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China.
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20
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Huang YL, Zheng YJ, Song Z, Chi D, Wee ATS, Quek SY. The organic-2D transition metal dichalcogenide heterointerface. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:3241-3264. [PMID: 29651487 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00159f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Since the first isolation of graphene, new classes of two-dimensional (2D) materials have offered fascinating platforms for fundamental science and technology explorations at the nanometer scale. In particular, 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) such as MoS2 and WSe2 have been intensely investigated due to their unique electronic and optical properties, including tunable optical bandgaps, direct-indirect bandgap crossover, strong spin-orbit coupling, etc., for next-generation flexible nanoelectronics and nanophotonics applications. On the other hand, organics have always been excellent materials for flexible electronics. A plethora of organic molecules, including donors, acceptors, and photosensitive molecules, can be synthesized using low cost and scalable procedures. Marrying the fields of organics and 2D TMDs will bring benefits that are not present in either material alone, enabling even better, multifunctional flexible devices. Central to the realization of such devices is a fundamental understanding of the organic-2D TMD interface. Here, we review the organic-2D TMD interface from both chemical and physical perspectives. We discuss the current understanding of the interfacial interactions between the organic layers and the TMDs, as well as the energy level alignment at the interface, focusing in particular on surface charge transfer and electronic screening effects. Applications from the literature are discussed, especially in optoelectronics and p-n hetero- and homo-junctions. We conclude with an outlook on future scientific and device developments based on organic-2D TMD heterointerfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li Huang
- Institute of Materials Research & Engineering (IMRE), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, Singapore 138634, Singapore.
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21
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Tan D, Wang X, Zhang W, Lim HE, Shinokita K, Miyauchi Y, Maruyama M, Okada S, Matsuda K. Carrier Transport and Photoresponse in GeSe/MoS 2 Heterojunction p-n Diodes. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1704559. [PMID: 29700968 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201704559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Simple stacking of thin van der Waals 2D materials with different physical properties enables one to create heterojunctions (HJs) with novel functionalities and new potential applications. Here, a 2D material p-n HJ of GeSe/MoS2 is fabricated and its vertical and horizontal carrier transport and photoresponse properties are studied. Substantial rectification with a very high contrast (>104 ) through the potential barrier in the vertical-direction tunneling of HJs is observed. The negative differential transconductance with high peak-to-valley ratio (>105 ) due to the series resistance change of GeSe, MoS2 , and HJs at different gate voltages is observed. Moreover, strong and broad-band photoresponse via the photoconductive effect are also demonstrated. The explored multifunctional properties of the GeSe/MoS2 HJs are expected to be important for understanding the carrier transport and photoresponse of 2D-material HJs for achieving their use in various new applications in the electronics and optoelectronics fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dezhi Tan
- Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Xiaofan Wang
- Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Wenjin Zhang
- Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Hong En Lim
- Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Keisuke Shinokita
- Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yuhei Miyauchi
- Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Mina Maruyama
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8571, Japan
| | - Susumu Okada
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8571, Japan
| | - Kazunari Matsuda
- Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
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22
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Gobbi M, Orgiu E, Samorì P. When 2D Materials Meet Molecules: Opportunities and Challenges of Hybrid Organic/Inorganic van der Waals Heterostructures. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1706103. [PMID: 29441680 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201706103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
van der Waals heterostructures, composed of vertically stacked inorganic 2D materials, represent an ideal platform to demonstrate novel device architectures and to fabricate on-demand materials. The incorporation of organic molecules within these systems holds an immense potential, since, while nature offers a finite number of 2D materials, an almost unlimited variety of molecules can be designed and synthesized with predictable functionalities. The possibilities offered by systems in which continuous molecular layers are interfaced with inorganic 2D materials to form hybrid organic/inorganic van der Waals heterostructures are emphasized. Similar to their inorganic counterpart, the hybrid structures have been exploited to put forward novel device architectures, such as antiambipolar transistors and barristors. Moreover, specific molecular groups can be employed to modify intrinsic properties and confer new capabilities to 2D materials. In particular, it is highlighted how molecular self-assembly at the surface of 2D materials can be mastered to achieve precise control over position and density of (molecular) functional groups, paving the way for a new class of hybrid functional materials whose final properties can be selected by careful molecular design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Gobbi
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, 8 Allée Gaspard Monge, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Emanuele Orgiu
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, 8 Allée Gaspard Monge, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Paolo Samorì
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, 8 Allée Gaspard Monge, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
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23
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Kobashi K, Hayakawa R, Chikyow T, Wakayama Y. Interface Engineering for Controlling Device Properties of Organic Antiambipolar Transistors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:2762-2767. [PMID: 29277988 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b14652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The main purpose of this study is to establish a guideline for controlling the device properties of organic antiambipolar transistors. Our key strategy is to use interface engineering to promote carrier injection at channel/electrode interfaces and carrier accumulation at a channel/dielectric interface. The effective use of carrier injection interlayers and an insulator layer with a high dielectric constant (high-k) enabled the fine tuning of device parameters and, in particular, the onset (Von) and offset (Voff) voltages. A well-matched combination of the interlayers and a high-k dielectric layer achieved a low peak voltage (0.25 V) and a narrow on-state bias range (2.2 V), indicating that organic antiambipolar transistors have high potential as negative differential resistance devices for multivalued logic circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuyoshi Kobashi
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) , 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University , 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Ryoma Hayakawa
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) , 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Toyohiro Chikyow
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) , 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Yutaka Wakayama
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) , 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University , 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
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24
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Baek J, Umeyama T, Choi W, Tsutsui Y, Yamada H, Seki S, Imahori H. Formation and Photodynamic Behavior of Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Nanosheet-Fullerene Inorganic/Organic Nanohybrids on Semiconducting Electrodes. Chemistry 2017; 24:1561-1572. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinseok Baek
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku; Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Tomokazu Umeyama
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku; Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Wookjin Choi
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku; Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Yusuke Tsutsui
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku; Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Hiroki Yamada
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku; Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Shu Seki
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku; Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Imahori
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku; Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS); Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku; Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
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