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Ahn J, Jang H, Jeong Y, Choi S, Ko J, Hwang SH, Jeong J, Jung YS, Park I. Illuminating Recent Progress in Nanotransfer Printing: Core Principles, Emerging Applications, and Future Perspectives. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2303704. [PMID: 38032705 PMCID: PMC10767444 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
As the demand for diverse nanostructures in physical/chemical devices continues to rise, the development of nanotransfer printing (nTP) technology is receiving significant attention due to its exceptional throughput and ease of use. Over the past decade, researchers have attempted to enhance the diversity of materials and substrates used in transfer processes as well as to improve the resolution, reliability, and scalability of nTP. Recent research on nTP has made continuous progress, particularly using the control of the interfacial adhesion force between the donor mold, target material, and receiver substrate, and numerous practical nTP methods with niche applications have been demonstrated. This review article offers a comprehensive analysis of the chronological advancements in nTP technology and categorizes recent strategies targeted for high-yield and versatile printing based on controlling the relative adhesion force depending on interfacial layers. In detail, the advantages and challenges of various nTP approaches are discussed based on their working mechanisms, and several promising solutions to improve morphological/material diversity are presented. Furthermore, this review provides a summary of potential applications of nanostructured devices, along with perspectives on the outlook and remaining challenges, which are expected to facilitate the continued progress of nTP technology and to inspire future innovations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junseong Ahn
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)Daejeon34141Republic of Korea
- Department of Nano Manufacturing TechnologyKorea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM)Daejeon34103Republic of Korea
| | - Hanhwi Jang
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)Daejeon34141Republic of Korea
| | - Yongrok Jeong
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)Daejeon34141Republic of Korea
- Department of Nano Manufacturing TechnologyKorea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM)Daejeon34103Republic of Korea
- Radioisotope Research DivisionKorea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI)Daejeon34057Republic of Korea
| | - Seongsu Choi
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)Daejeon34141Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwoo Ko
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)Daejeon34141Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Hyoung Hwang
- Department of Nano Manufacturing TechnologyKorea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM)Daejeon34103Republic of Korea
| | - Jun‐Ho Jeong
- Department of Nano Manufacturing TechnologyKorea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM)Daejeon34103Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Sik Jung
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)Daejeon34141Republic of Korea
| | - Inkyu Park
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)Daejeon34141Republic of Korea
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Ahn J, Gu J, Jeong Y, Ha JH, Ko J, Kang B, Hwang SH, Park J, Jeon S, Kim H, Jeong JH, Park I. Nanotransfer-on-Things: From Rigid to Stretchable Nanophotonic Devices. ACS NANO 2023; 17:5935-5942. [PMID: 36916819 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The growing demand for nanophotonic devices has driven the advancement of nanotransfer printing (nTP) technology. Currently, the scope of nTP is limited to certain materials and substrates owing to the temperature, pressure, and chemical bonding requirements. In this study, we developed a universal nTP technique utilizing covalent bonding-based adhesives to improve the adhesion between the target material and substrate. Additionally, the technique employed plasma-based selective etching to weaken the adhesion between the mold and target material, thereby enabling the reliable modulation of the relative adhesion forces, regardless of the material or substrate. The technique was evaluated by printing four optical materials on nine substrates, including rigid, flexible, and stretchable substrates. Finally, its applicability was demonstrated by fabricating a ring hologram, a flexible plasmonic color filter, and extraordinary optical transmission-based strain sensors. The high accuracy and reliability of the proposed nTP method were verified by the performance of nanophotonic devices that closely matched numerical simulation results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junseong Ahn
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nano Manufacturing Technology, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), Daejeon 34103, Republic of Korea
| | - Jimin Gu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongrok Jeong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nano Manufacturing Technology, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), Daejeon 34103, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hwan Ha
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nano Manufacturing Technology, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), Daejeon 34103, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwoo Ko
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeongmin Kang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nano Manufacturing Technology, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), Daejeon 34103, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Hyoung Hwang
- Department of Nano Manufacturing Technology, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), Daejeon 34103, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeho Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohee Jeon
- Department of Nano Manufacturing Technology, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), Daejeon 34103, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwi Kim
- Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Ho Jeong
- Department of Nano Manufacturing Technology, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), Daejeon 34103, Republic of Korea
| | - Inkyu Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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Gan Z, Cai J, Sun Z, Chen L, Sun C, Yu J, Liang Z, Min S, Han F, Liu Y, Cheng X, Yu S, Cui D, Li WD. High-fidelity and clean nanotransfer lithography using structure-embedded and electrostatic-adhesive carriers. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2023; 9:8. [PMID: 36636368 PMCID: PMC9829746 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-022-00476-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Metallic nanostructures are becoming increasingly important for both fundamental research and practical devices. Many emerging applications employing metallic nanostructures often involve unconventional substrates that are flexible or nonplanar, making direct lithographic fabrication very difficult. An alternative approach is to transfer prefabricated structures from a conventional substrate; however, it is still challenging to maintain high fidelity and a high yield in the transfer process. In this paper, we propose a high-fidelity, clean nanotransfer lithography method that addresses the above challenges by employing a polyvinyl acetate (PVA) film as the transferring carrier and promoting electrostatic adhesion through triboelectric charging. The PVA film embeds the transferred metallic nanostructures and maintains their spacing with a remarkably low variation of <1%. When separating the PVA film from the donor substrate, electrostatic charges are generated due to triboelectric charging and facilitate adhesion to the receiver substrate, resulting in a high large-area transfer yield of up to 99.93%. We successfully transferred the metallic structures of a variety of materials (Au, Cu, Pd, etc.) with different geometries with a <50-nm spacing, high aspect ratio (>2), and complex 3D structures. Moreover, the thin and flexible carrier film enables transfer on highly curved surfaces, such as a single-mode optical fiber with a curvature radius of 62.5 μm. With this strategy, we demonstrate the transfer of metallic nanostructures for a compact spectrometer with Cu nanogratings transferred on a convex lens and for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) characterization on graphene with reliable responsiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuofei Gan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- School of Microelectronics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jingxuan Cai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhao Sun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Liyang Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chuying Sun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Junyi Yu
- The Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zeyu Liang
- The Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Siyi Min
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fei Han
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xing Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuhui Yu
- The Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dehu Cui
- School of Microelectronics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wen-Di Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Bok M, Zhao ZJ, Hwang SH, Ahn J, Ko J, Jung JY, Lee J, Jeon S, Jeong JH. Functional Asymmetry-Enabled Self-Adhesive Film via Phase Separation of Binary Polymer Mixtures for Soft Bio-Integrated Electronics. ACS NANO 2022; 16:18157-18167. [PMID: 36240045 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c05159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Biocompatible adhesive films are important for many applications (e.g., wearable devices, implantable devices, and attachable sensors). In particular, achieving self-adhesion on one side of a film with biocompatible materials is a compelling goal in adhesion science. Herein, we report a simple and easy manufacturing process using water-soluble hyaluronic acid (HA) that allows adhesiveness on only one side using binary polymer mixtures based on a phase-separation strategy with an elastomer. HA influx allows for the entangled polymer chains of the elastomer to spontaneously deform, permitting tunable mechanical elasticity, conformability, and adhesion. The proposed adhesive film enables the transfer of nanopatterning and the attachment of various surfaces without the use of additional chemicals. In addition, the film can be used for measuring epidermal biopotential and for skin fixation of drug devices. Therefore, the developed facile asymmetric adhesion can block the interferences of other materials on the unnecessary adhesion side, providing considerable potential for the development of functional, multifunctional, and smart bioadhesives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moonjeong Bok
- Nano-Convergence Manufacturing Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon 34103, South Korea
| | - Zhi-Jun Zhao
- Institute of Smart City and Intelligent Transportation, Southwest Jiaotong University, Pidu District, Chengdu, Sichuan 610097, China
| | - Soon Hyoung Hwang
- Nano-Convergence Manufacturing Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon 34103, South Korea
| | - Junseong Ahn
- Nano-Convergence Manufacturing Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon 34103, South Korea
| | - Jiwoo Ko
- Nano-Convergence Manufacturing Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon 34103, South Korea
| | - Joo-Yun Jung
- Nano-Convergence Manufacturing Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon 34103, South Korea
| | - Jihye Lee
- Nano-Convergence Manufacturing Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon 34103, South Korea
| | - Sohee Jeon
- Nano-Convergence Manufacturing Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon 34103, South Korea
| | - Jun-Ho Jeong
- Nano-Convergence Manufacturing Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon 34103, South Korea
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5
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Zhao ZJ, Shin SH, Lee SY, Son B, Liao Y, Hwang S, Jeon S, Kang H, Kim M, Jeong JH. Direct Chemisorption-Assisted Nanotransfer Printing with Wafer-Scale Uniformity and Controllability. ACS NANO 2022; 16:378-385. [PMID: 34978803 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c06781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanotransfer printing techniques have attracted significant attention due to their outstanding simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and high throughput. However, conventional methods via a chemical medium hamper the efficient fabrication with large-area uniformity and rapid development of electronic and photonic devices. Herein, we report a direct chemisorption-assisted nanotransfer printing technique based on the nanoscale lower melting effect, which is an enabling technology for two- or three-dimensional nanostructures with feature sizes ranging from tens of nanometers up to a 6 in. wafer-scale. The method solves the major bottleneck (large-scale uniform metal catalysts with nanopatterns) encountered by metal-assisted chemical etching. It also achieves wafer-scale, uniform, and controllable nanostructures with extremely high aspect ratios. We further demonstrate excellent uniformity and high performance of the resultant devices by fabricating 100 photodetectors on a 6 in. Si wafer. Therefore, our method can create a viable route for next-generation, wafer-scale, uniformly ordered, and controllable nanofabrication, leading to significant advances in various applications, such as energy harvesting, quantum, electronic, and photonic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Jun Zhao
- Institute of Smart City and Intelligent Transportation, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610032, China
| | - Sang-Ho Shin
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sang Yeon Lee
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bongkwon Son
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yikai Liao
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Soonhyoung Hwang
- Nano-Convergence Mechanical Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon 34103, South Korea
| | - Sohee Jeon
- Nano-Convergence Mechanical Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon 34103, South Korea
| | - Hyeokjoong Kang
- Nano-Convergence Mechanical Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon 34103, South Korea
| | - Munho Kim
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jun-Ho Jeong
- Nano-Convergence Mechanical Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon 34103, South Korea
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Ko J, Kang HJ, Ahn J, Zhao ZJ, Jeong Y, Hwang SH, Bok M, Jeon S, Gu J, Ha JH, Rho J, Jeong JH, Park I. Biocompatible Nanotransfer Printing Based on Water Bridge Formation in Hyaluronic Acid and Its Application to Smart Contact Lenses. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:35069-35078. [PMID: 34282875 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c06225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Many conventional micropatterning and nanopatterning techniques employ toxic chemicals, rendering them nonbiocompatible and unsuited for biodevice production. Herein the formation of water bridges on the surface of hyaluronic acid (HA) films is exploited to develop a transfer-based nanopatterning method applicable to diverse structures and materials. The HA film surface, made deformable via water bridge generation, is brought into contact with a functional material and subjected to thermal treatment, which results in film shrinkage, allowing a robust pattern transfer. The proposed biocompatible method, which avoids the use of extra chemicals, enables the transfer of nanoscale, microscale, and thin-film structures as well as functional materials such as metals and metal oxides. A nanopatterned HA film is transferred onto a moisture-containing contact lens to fabricate smart contact lenses with unique optical characteristics of rationally designed optical nanopatterns. These lenses demonstrated binocular parallax-induced stereoscopy via nanoline array polarization and acted as cutoff filters, with nanodot arrays, capable of treating Irlen syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwoo Ko
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- Department of Nano Manufacturing Technology, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), 156 Gajeongbuk-Ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34103, South Korea
| | - Hyeok Joong Kang
- Department of Nano Manufacturing Technology, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), 156 Gajeongbuk-Ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34103, South Korea
| | - Junseong Ahn
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- Department of Nano Manufacturing Technology, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), 156 Gajeongbuk-Ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34103, South Korea
| | - Zhi-Jun Zhao
- Department of Nano Manufacturing Technology, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), 156 Gajeongbuk-Ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34103, South Korea
| | - Yongrok Jeong
- Department of Nano Manufacturing Technology, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), 156 Gajeongbuk-Ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34103, South Korea
| | - Soon Hyoung Hwang
- Department of Nano Manufacturing Technology, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), 156 Gajeongbuk-Ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34103, South Korea
| | - Moonjeong Bok
- Department of Nano Manufacturing Technology, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), 156 Gajeongbuk-Ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34103, South Korea
| | - Sohee Jeon
- Department of Nano Manufacturing Technology, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), 156 Gajeongbuk-Ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34103, South Korea
| | - Jimin Gu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Ji-Hwan Ha
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- Department of Nano Manufacturing Technology, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), 156 Gajeongbuk-Ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34103, South Korea
| | - Junsuk Rho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 37673, South Korea
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 37673, South Korea
| | - Jun-Ho Jeong
- Department of Nano Manufacturing Technology, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), 156 Gajeongbuk-Ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34103, South Korea
| | - Inkyu Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
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Zhao ZJ, Ahn J, Hwang SH, Ko J, Jeong Y, Bok M, Kang HJ, Choi J, Jeon S, Park I, Jeong JH. Large-Area Nanogap-Controlled 3D Nanoarchitectures Fabricated via Layer-by-Layer Nanoimprint. ACS NANO 2021; 15:503-514. [PMID: 33439612 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c05290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The fabrication of large-area and flexible nanostructures currently presents various challenges related to the special requirements for 3D multilayer nanostructures, ultrasmall nanogaps, and size-controlled nanomeshes. To overcome these rigorous challenges, a simple method for fabricating wafer-scale, ultrasmall nanogaps on a flexible substrate using a temperature above the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the substrate and by layer-by-layer nanoimprinting is proposed here. The size of the nanogaps can be easily controlled by adjusting the pressure, heating time, and heating temperature. In addition, 3D multilayer nanostructures and nanocomposites with 2, 3, 5, 7, and 20 layers were fabricated using this method. The fabricated nanogaps with sizes ranging from approximately 1 to 40 nm were observed via high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The multilayered nanostructures were evaluated using focused ion beam (FIB) technology. Compared with conventional methods, our method could not only easily control the size of the nanogaps on the flexible large-area substrate but could also achieve fast, simple, and cost-effective fabrication of 3D multilayer nanostructures and nanocomposites without any post-treatment. Moreover, a transparent electrode and nanoheater were fabricated and evaluated. Finally, surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrates with different nanogaps were evaluated using rhodamine 6G. In conclusion, it is believed that the proposed method can solve the problems related to the high requirements of nanofabrication and can be applied in the detection of small molecules and for manufacturing flexible electronics and soft actuators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Jun Zhao
- Nano-Convergence Mechanical Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, 156, Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34103, South Korea
| | - Junseong Ahn
- Nano-Convergence Mechanical Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, 156, Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34103, South Korea
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Soon Hyoung Hwang
- Nano-Convergence Mechanical Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, 156, Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34103, South Korea
| | - Jiwoo Ko
- Nano-Convergence Mechanical Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, 156, Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34103, South Korea
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Yongrok Jeong
- Nano-Convergence Mechanical Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, 156, Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34103, South Korea
| | - Moonjeong Bok
- Nano-Convergence Mechanical Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, 156, Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34103, South Korea
| | - Hyeok-Joong Kang
- Nano-Convergence Mechanical Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, 156, Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34103, South Korea
| | - Jungrak Choi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Sohee Jeon
- Nano-Convergence Mechanical Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, 156, Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34103, South Korea
| | - Inkyu Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Jun-Ho Jeong
- Nano-Convergence Mechanical Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, 156, Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34103, South Korea
- Department of Nano Mechatronics, University of Science and Technology, 217, Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34103, South Korea
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Seo MH, Yoo JY, Jo MS, Yoon JB. Geometrically Structured Nanomaterials for Nanosensors, NEMS, and Nanosieves. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1907082. [PMID: 32253800 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201907082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Recently, geometrically structured nanomaterials have received great attention due to their unique physical and chemical properties, which originate from the geometric variation in such materials. Indeed, the use of various geometrically structured nanomaterials has been actively reported in enhanced-performance devices in a wide range of applications. Recent significant progress in the development of geometrically structured nanomaterials and associated devices is summarized. First, a brief introduction of advanced nanofabrication methods that enable the fabrication of various geometrically structured nanomaterials is given, and then the performance enhancements achieved in devices utilizing these nanomaterials, namely, i) physical and gas nanosensors, ii) nanoelectromechanical devices, and iii) nanosieves are described. For the device applications, a systematic summary of their structures, working mechanisms, fabrication methods, and output performance is provided. Particular focus is given to how device performance can be enhanced through the geometric structures of the nanomaterials. Finally, perspectives on the development of novel nanomaterial structures and associated devices are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Ho Seo
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Jae-Young Yoo
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Seung Jo
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Bo Yoon
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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9
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Ko J, Zhao ZJ, Hwang SH, Kang HJ, Ahn J, Jeon S, Bok M, Jeong Y, Kang K, Cho I, Jeong JH, Park I. Nanotransfer Printing on Textile Substrate with Water-Soluble Polymer Nanotemplate. ACS NANO 2020; 14:2191-2201. [PMID: 31990171 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b09082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The growing interest in wearable devices has drawn increased attention to smart textiles, and various transfer methods have therefore been introduced to realize the desired functions using textiles as substrates. However, the existing transfer techniques are not suited for the production of sophisticated nanoscale patterns on textiles, as textile roughness and difficulty of precise pattern size control hinder miniaturization, deteriorate device performance, and complicate the use of optical phenomena such as surface plasmon resonance. To address these limitations, we have developed a method based on simple dissolution of a water-soluble nanopatterned polymer film for the facile transfer of nanostructures of on-film-deposited functional materials onto textile substrates. The above method tolerates a variety of functional materials, e.g., metals and SiO2, and nano/microscale structures, e.g., nanoscale lines, dots, holes, and mesh patterns with a minimum pattern width of 50 nm. The proposed technique is employed to fabricate a palladium nanoscale line array (utilized as a highly sensitive and selective hydrogen sensor) and is shown to be suitable for the production of security patterns on textiles, as it allows the printing of complex nanostructure patterns with electrical and optical functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwoo Ko
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , 291 Daehak-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon , 34141 , South Korea
- Nano-Convergence Mechanical Systems Research Division , Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM) , 156 Gajeongbuk-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon , 34103 , South Korea
| | - Zhi-Jun Zhao
- Nano-Convergence Mechanical Systems Research Division , Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM) , 156 Gajeongbuk-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon , 34103 , South Korea
| | - Soon Hyoung Hwang
- Nano-Convergence Mechanical Systems Research Division , Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM) , 156 Gajeongbuk-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon , 34103 , South Korea
| | - Hyeok-Joong Kang
- Nano-Convergence Mechanical Systems Research Division , Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM) , 156 Gajeongbuk-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon , 34103 , South Korea
| | - Junseong Ahn
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , 291 Daehak-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon , 34141 , South Korea
- Nano-Convergence Mechanical Systems Research Division , Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM) , 156 Gajeongbuk-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon , 34103 , South Korea
| | - Sohee Jeon
- Nano-Convergence Mechanical Systems Research Division , Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM) , 156 Gajeongbuk-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon , 34103 , South Korea
| | - Moonjeong Bok
- Nano-Convergence Mechanical Systems Research Division , Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM) , 156 Gajeongbuk-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon , 34103 , South Korea
| | - Yongrok Jeong
- Nano-Convergence Mechanical Systems Research Division , Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM) , 156 Gajeongbuk-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon , 34103 , South Korea
| | - Kyungnam Kang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , 291 Daehak-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon , 34141 , South Korea
| | - Incheol Cho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , 291 Daehak-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon , 34141 , South Korea
| | - Jun-Ho Jeong
- Nano-Convergence Mechanical Systems Research Division , Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM) , 156 Gajeongbuk-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon , 34103 , South Korea
- Department of Nano-Mechatronics , University of Science and Technology (UST) , 217 Gajeong-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon , 34113 , South Korea
| | - Inkyu Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , 291 Daehak-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon , 34141 , South Korea
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10
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Zhao ZJ, Hwang SH, Kang HJ, Jeon S, Bok M, Ahn S, Im D, Hahn J, Kim H, Jeong JH. Adhesive-Layer-Free and Double-Faced Nanotransfer Lithography for a Flexible Large-Area MetaSurface Hologram. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:1737-1745. [PMID: 31823599 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b14345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we develop an adhesive-free double-faced nanotransfer lithography (ADNT) technique based on the surface deformation of flexible substrates under the conditions of temperature and pressure control and thus address the challenge of realizing the mass production of large-area nanodevices in the fields of optics, metasurfaces, and holograms. During ADNT, which is conducted on a flexible polymer substrate above its glass transition temperature in the absence of adhesive materials and chemical bonding agents, nanostructures from the polymer stamp are attached to the deformed polymer substrate. Various silicon masters are employed to prove our method applicable to arbitrary nanopatterns, and diverse Ag and Au nanostructures are deposited on polymer molds to demonstrate the wide scope of useable metals. Finally, ADNT is used to (i) produce a flexible large-area hologram on the defect-free poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) film and (ii) fabricate a metasurface hologram and a color filter on the front and back surfaces of the PMMA film, respectively, to realize dual functionality. Thus, it is concluded that the use of ADNT can decrease the fabrication time and cost of high-density nanodevices and facilitate their commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Jun Zhao
- Nano-Convergence Mechanical Systems Research Division , Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials , 156, Gajeongbuk-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34103 , South Korea
| | - Soon Hyoung Hwang
- Nano-Convergence Mechanical Systems Research Division , Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials , 156, Gajeongbuk-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34103 , South Korea
| | - Hyeok-Joong Kang
- Nano-Convergence Mechanical Systems Research Division , Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials , 156, Gajeongbuk-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34103 , South Korea
| | - Sohee Jeon
- Nano-Convergence Mechanical Systems Research Division , Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials , 156, Gajeongbuk-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34103 , South Korea
| | - Moonjeong Bok
- Nano-Convergence Mechanical Systems Research Division , Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials , 156, Gajeongbuk-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34103 , South Korea
| | - Sunggyun Ahn
- School of Electronics Engineering , Kyungpook National University , Daegu 41566 , South Korea
| | - DaJeong Im
- Department of Electronics and Information Engineering , Korea University , Sejong 30019 , South Korea
| | - Joonku Hahn
- School of Electronics Engineering , Kyungpook National University , Daegu 41566 , South Korea
| | - Hwi Kim
- Department of Electronics and Information Engineering , Korea University , Sejong 30019 , South Korea
| | - Jun-Ho Jeong
- Nano-Convergence Mechanical Systems Research Division , Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials , 156, Gajeongbuk-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34103 , South Korea
- Department of Nano Mechatronics , University of Science and Technology , 217, Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu , Daejeon 34103 , South Korea
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11
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Oh DK, Lee S, Lee SH, Lee W, Yeon G, Lee N, Han KS, Jung S, Kim DH, Lee DY, Lee SH, Park HJ, Ok JG. Tailored Nanopatterning by Controlled Continuous Nanoinscribing with Tunable Shape, Depth, and Dimension. ACS NANO 2019; 13:11194-11202. [PMID: 31593432 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b04221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
We present that the tailored nanopatterning with tunable shape, depth, and dimension for diverse application-specific designs can be realized by utilizing controlled dynamic nanoinscribing (DNI), which can generate bur-free plastic deformation on various flexible substrates via continuous mechanical inscription of a small sliced edge of a nanopatterned mold in a compact and vacuum-free system. Systematic controlling of prime DNI processing parameters including inscribing force, temperature, and substrate feed rate can determine the nanopattern depths and their specific profiles from rounded to angular shapes as a summation of the force-driven plastic deformation and heat-driven thermal deformation. More complex nanopatterns with gradient depths and/or multidimensional profiles can also be readily created by modulating the horizontal mold edge alignment and/or combining sequential DNI strokes, which otherwise demand laborious and costly procedures. Many practical user-specific applications may benefit from this study by tailor-making the desired nanopattern structures within desired areas, including precision machine and optics components, transparent electronics and photonics, flexible sensors, and reattachable and wearable devices. We demonstrate one vivid example in which the light diffusion direction of a light-emitting diode can be tuned by application of specifically designed DNI nanopatterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Kyo Oh
- Department of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering , Seoul National University of Science and Technology , Seoul 01811 , Korea
| | - Seungjo Lee
- Department of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering , Seoul National University of Science and Technology , Seoul 01811 , Korea
| | - Seung Hu Lee
- Department of Energy Systems Research , Ajou University , Suwon 16499 , Korea
| | - Wonseok Lee
- Department of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering , Seoul National University of Science and Technology , Seoul 01811 , Korea
| | - Gyubeom Yeon
- Department of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering , Seoul National University of Science and Technology , Seoul 01811 , Korea
| | - Nayeong Lee
- Department of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering , Seoul National University of Science and Technology , Seoul 01811 , Korea
- Research Center for Electrical and Information Technology , Seoul National University of Science and Technology , Seoul 01811 , Korea
| | - Kang-Soo Han
- Display Research Center , Samsung Display, Co., Ltd. , Gyeonggi-do 17113 , Korea
| | - Sunmin Jung
- Department of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering , Seoul National University of Science and Technology , Seoul 01811 , Korea
| | - Dong Ha Kim
- Department of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering , Seoul National University of Science and Technology , Seoul 01811 , Korea
| | - Dae-Young Lee
- Display Research Center , Samsung Display, Co., Ltd. , Gyeonggi-do 17113 , Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Lee
- Department of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering , Seoul National University of Science and Technology , Seoul 01811 , Korea
- Research Center for Electrical and Information Technology , Seoul National University of Science and Technology , Seoul 01811 , Korea
| | - Hui Joon Park
- Department of Organic and Nano Engineering , Hanyang University , Seoul 04763 , Korea
| | - Jong G Ok
- Department of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering , Seoul National University of Science and Technology , Seoul 01811 , Korea
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12
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Shin SH, Shin SH, Choi JH, Lee J, Choi DG, Jeong JH, Ju BK, Jung JY. Dual nanotransfer printing for complementary plasmonic biosensors. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:385302. [PMID: 31234162 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab2c10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
One of the main challenges in the widespread utilization of localized plasmon resonance-based biosensors is the fabrication of large-area and low-cost plasmonic nanostructures. In this work, we fabricated large-area and low-cost complementary plasmonic biosensors such as nanohole and nanodisk arrays using dual nanotransfer printing (NTP) with a single metal deposition and a single reusable mold. The suspended nanohole arrays and the suspended nanodisk arrays were fabricated using the subsequent dry etching process. We confirmed a maximum enhancement in bulk sensitivity in experiments and simulations by controlling the vertical and lateral etching depths of the dielectric layer underneath the gold (Au) nanohole and nanodisk arrays. Furthermore, we show that the surface sensitivity evaluated by atomic layer deposition of aluminum oxide increased because appropriate vertical and lateral etching depths allow the target analyte to access the additional near-field formed at the bottom of the Au nanostructure. The dual NTP method provides a practical solution for the realization of large-area and low-cost label-free plasmonic biosensing systems, with a reduction in complexity and cost of the fabrication process of complementary plasmonic structures and metasurfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Ho Shin
- Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea. Nano-convergence Mechanical Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), Daejeon 305-343, Republic of Korea
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13
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Zhao ZJ, Hwang S, Bok M, Kang H, Jeon S, Park SH, Jeong JH. Nanopattern-Embedded Micropillar Structures for Security Identification. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:30401-30410. [PMID: 31353886 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b07308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A novel method was developed for fabricating nanopatterns embedded on micropillar-structured surfaces using nanowelding technology for security identification. Commonly used substrates, that is, polyethylene films, glass wafers, Si wafers, and curved surfaces, were employed and their characteristics were evaluated. Cr was deposited onto the selected substrate to strengthen the adhesion force, and an adhesive layer of ultra-thin metal was deposited on top of the Cr layer. Lastly, nanopatterns were embedded on the substrates by nanowelding. The morphologies, cross sections, and three-dimensional (3D) images of the fabricated nanostructures were evaluated, and their crystalline structures and compositions were analyzed. Using the same method, nanopatterns embedded on micropillar-structured surfaces were fabricated for the first time as security patterns to improve security identification. The fabricated security patterns were characterized in three stages. First, micropillar structures and structural color were simply observed via optical microscopy to achieve a preliminary judgment. The appearance of structural color was due to the nanostructures fabricated on the micropillar surface. Next, the designed nanopatterns on the micropillar-structured surfaces were observed by scanning electron microscopy. Lastly, the changes in the spectral peaks were precisely observed using a spectrometer to achieve an enhanced security pattern. The fabricated security patterns can be suitable for valuable products, such as branded wines, watches, and bags. In addition, the proposed method offers a simple approach for transferring metal nanopatterns to common substrates. Moreover, the fabricated security patterns can have potential applications in semiconductor electrodes, transparent electrodes, and security identification codes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Jun Zhao
- Department of Nano Manufacturing Technology , Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials , Daejeon 305-343 , South Korea
| | - SoonHyoung Hwang
- Department of Nano Manufacturing Technology , Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials , Daejeon 305-343 , South Korea
| | - Moonjeong Bok
- Department of Nano Manufacturing Technology , Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials , Daejeon 305-343 , South Korea
| | - Hyeokjung Kang
- Department of Nano Manufacturing Technology , Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials , Daejeon 305-343 , South Korea
| | - Sohee Jeon
- Department of Nano Manufacturing Technology , Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials , Daejeon 305-343 , South Korea
| | - Sang-Hu Park
- School of Mechanical Engineering , Pusan National University , Busandaehak-ro 63beon-gil , Geumjeong-gu, Busan 609-735 , Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Ho Jeong
- Department of Nano Manufacturing Technology , Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials , Daejeon 305-343 , South Korea
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14
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Hwang SH, Zhao ZJ, Jeon S, Kang H, Ahn J, Jeong JH. Repeatable and metal-independent nanotransfer printing based on metal oxidation for plasmonic color filters. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:11128-11137. [PMID: 31042252 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr00176j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Many recently developed nanotransfer printing techniques have received much attention because of their simplicity and low cost. In addition, such techniques are suitable for fabricating nano/microscale sensors, optical elements, and electrical devices. However, conventional nanotransfer printing methods are time-consuming, cannot be easily used over large areas or with several different materials, and are not suitable for repeatedly transferring various materials onto the same substrate or a curved surface. Herein, a new nanotransfer printing method is introduced based on the oxidation of various metals and the formation of covalent bonds between spin- and spray-coatable adhesives and the chosen metal at low temperatures. These strong covalent bonds allow the fast transfer of the deposited materials from a polymer stamp without additional processing. A major advantage of this process is that it is metal-independent; nanowires of various metals are successfully transferred from the polymer stamp because strong covalent bonds form instantaneously between the metal and an adhesive-coated substrate. Moreover, this nanotransfer process can be used repeatedly to fabricate large-scale color filters from smaller areas of nanowires, regardless of the metal type and nanostructure orientation. Furthermore, plasmonic color filters composed of nanohole arrays can be obtained on both flat and curved surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon Hyoung Hwang
- Nano-Convergence Mechanical Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon 34103, South Korea.
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15
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Hwang SH, Cho J, Jeon S, Kang HJ, Zhao ZJ, Park S, Lee Y, Lee J, Kim M, Hahn J, Lee B, Jeong JH, Kim H, Youn JR. Gold-Nanocluster-Assisted Nanotransfer Printing Method for Metasurface Hologram Fabrication. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3051. [PMID: 30816135 PMCID: PMC6395669 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-38891-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the development of nano/microscale patterning techniques, efforts are being made to use them for fabricating metasurfaces. In particular, by using abrupt phase discontinuities, it is possible to generate holographic images from two-dimensional nanoscale-patterned metasurfaces. However, the fabrication of metasurface holograms is hindered by the high costs and long fabrication time involved, because the process requires expensive equipment such as that for electron-beam lithography. Therefore, it is difficult to realize metasurface holograms in a fast and repetitive manner. In this study, we propose a method for fabricating metasurface holograms based on the nanotransfer printing of the desired nanoscale patterns, which is assisted by Au nanoclusters, while controlling the bonding energy based on the shape of the deposited Au layer. Robust covalent bonds are formed between the Si of the adhesive used and the O of the SiO2 layer in order to transfer the deposited Au onto the transparent substrate quickly. It was found that the fabricated metasurface hologram coincides with the one designed by computer-generated holography. The proposed method should lead to a significant breakthrough in the fabrication of holograms based on different types of metasurfaces at a low cost in a fast, repetitive manner with various metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon Hyoung Hwang
- Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Jaebum Cho
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Seoul, 08826, Gwanak-gu, South Korea
| | - Sohee Jeon
- Nano-Convergence Mechanical Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon, 34103, South Korea
| | - Hyeok-Jung Kang
- Nano-Convergence Mechanical Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon, 34103, South Korea
| | - Zhi-Jun Zhao
- Nano-Convergence Mechanical Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon, 34103, South Korea
| | - Sungjae Park
- Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Korea University, Sejong, 30019, South Korea
| | - Yohan Lee
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Seoul, 08826, Gwanak-gu, South Korea
| | - Jonghyun Lee
- Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Korea University, Sejong, 30019, South Korea
| | - Mugeon Kim
- School of Electronics Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Joonku Hahn
- School of Electronics Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Byoungho Lee
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Seoul, 08826, Gwanak-gu, South Korea
| | - Jun Ho Jeong
- Nano-Convergence Mechanical Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon, 34103, South Korea.
| | - Hwi Kim
- Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Korea University, Sejong, 30019, South Korea.
| | - Jae Ryoun Youn
- Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
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16
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Abstract
Recently, metasurfaces composed of artificially fabricated subwavelength structures have shown remarkable potential for the manipulation of light with unprecedented functionality. Here, we first demonstrate a metasurface application to realize a compact near-eye display system for augmented reality with a wide field of view. A key component is a see-through metalens with an anisotropic response, a high numerical aperture with a large aperture, and broadband characteristics. By virtue of these high-performance features, the metalens can overcome the existing bottleneck imposed by the narrow field of view and bulkiness of current systems, which hinders their usability and further development. Experimental demonstrations with a nanoimprinted large-area see-through metalens are reported, showing full-color imaging with a wide field of view and feasibility of mass production. This work on novel metasurface applications shows great potential for the development of optical display systems for future consumer electronics and computer vision applications.
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17
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Hwang SH, Kim MJ, Jeon S, Shin B, Jeong JH. Plasmonic color filters fabricated via oxide-based nanotransfer printing. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:415301. [PMID: 30010087 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aad394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic filters have recently become a topic of significant interest because they are suitable for a wide range of applications. However, effective fabrication of plasmonic filters remains a challenge. In this paper, we demonstrate a simple method for fabricating plasmonic color filters based on nanotransfer printing (nTP) , using SiO2 as a hard mask for Al etching. nTP was performed on a 100 nm Al layer deposited on a glass wafer substrate with a 10 nm Al layer and a 20 nm SiO2 layer with a nanohole pattern. The 10 nm Al layer and 20 nm SiO2 layers were previously transferred from a polymer stamp prepared to create patterns of subwavelength-sized holes. The plasmonic filters were ultimately fabricated using the SiO2 layer as a hard mask to selectively etch the Al layer. The optical properties of the fabricated plasmonic filters were evaluated using experimental and simulation tools. In addition, we analyzed the results of nTP on the Al and SiO2 films by varying the temperature, pressure, and SiO2-film thickness. We believe that this technique is a promising method for fabricating nanostructures and for widening the scope of practical application of plasmonics because of its high efficiency and cost-effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon-Hyoung Hwang
- Nanomechanical System Research Center, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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18
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Seo MH, Choi SJ, Park SH, Yoo JY, Lim SK, Lee JS, Choi KW, Jo MS, Kim ID, Yoon JB. Material-Independent Nanotransfer onto a Flexible Substrate Using Mechanical-Interlocking Structure. ACS NANO 2018; 12:4387-4397. [PMID: 29589909 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b00159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Nanowire-transfer technology has received much attention thanks to its capability to fabricate high-performance flexible nanodevices with high simplicity and throughput. However, it is still challenging to extend the conventional nanowire-transfer method to the fabrication of a wide range of devices since a chemical-adhesion-based nanowire-transfer mechanism is complex and time-consuming, hindering successful transfer of diverse nanowires made of various materials. Here, we introduce a material-independent mechanical-interlocking-based nanowire-transfer (MINT) method, fabricating ultralong and fully aligned nanowires on a large flexible substrate (2.5 × 2 cm2) in a highly robust manner. For the material-independent nanotransfer, we developed a mechanics-based nanotransfer method, which employs a dry-removable amorphous carbon (a-C) sacrificial layer between a vacuum-deposited nanowire and the underlying master mold. The controlled etching of the sacrificial layer enables the formation of a mechanical-interlocking structure under the nanowire, facilitating peeling off of the nanowire from the master mold robustly and reliably. Using the developed MINT method, we successfully fabricated various metallic and semiconductor nanowire arrays on flexible substrates. We further demonstrated that the developed method is well suited to the reliable fabrication of highly flexible and high-performance nanoelectronic devices. As examples, a fully aligned gold (Au) microheater array exhibited high bending stability (106 cycling) and ultrafast (∼220 ms) heating operation up to ∼100 °C. An ultralong Au heater-embedded cuprous-oxide (Cu2O) nanowire chemical gas sensor showed significantly improved reversible reaction kinetics toward NO2 with 10-fold enhancement in sensitivity at 100 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Ho Seo
- School of Electrical Engineering , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , 291 Daehak-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141 , Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Jin Choi
- Department of Chemistry , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
| | - Sang Hyun Park
- National NanoFab Center (NNFC) , 291 Daehak-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141 , Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Yoo
- School of Electrical Engineering , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , 291 Daehak-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141 , Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Kyu Lim
- National NanoFab Center (NNFC) , 291 Daehak-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141 , Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Shin Lee
- School of Electrical Engineering , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , 291 Daehak-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141 , Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Wook Choi
- School of Electrical Engineering , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , 291 Daehak-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141 , Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Seung Jo
- School of Electrical Engineering , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , 291 Daehak-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141 , Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Doo Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , 291 Daehak-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141 , Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Bo Yoon
- School of Electrical Engineering , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , 291 Daehak-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141 , Republic of Korea
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