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Gonzalez-Rodriguez E, Zol-Hanlon M, Bineva-Todd G, Marchesi A, Skehel M, Mahoney KE, Roustan C, Borg A, Di Vagno L, Kjær S, Wrobel AG, Benton DJ, Nawrath P, Flitsch SL, Joshi D, González-Ramírez A, Wilkinson KA, Wilkinson RJ, Wall EC, Hurtado-Guerrero R, Malaker SA, Schumann B. O-Linked Sialoglycans Modulate the Proteolysis of SARS-CoV-2 Spike and Likely Contribute to the Mutational Trajectory in Variants of Concern. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2023; 9:393-404. [PMID: 36968546 PMCID: PMC10037455 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.2c01349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of a polybasic cleavage motif for the protease furin in SARS-CoV-2 spike has been established as a major factor for human viral transmission. The region N-terminal to that motif is extensively mutated in variants of concern (VOCs). Besides furin, spikes from these variants appear to rely on other proteases for maturation, including TMPRSS2. Glycans near the cleavage site have raised questions about proteolytic processing and the consequences of variant-borne mutations. Here, we identify that sialic acid-containing O-linked glycans on Thr678 of SARS-CoV-2 spike influence furin and TMPRSS2 cleavage and posit O-linked glycosylation as a likely driving force for the emergence of VOC mutations. We provide direct evidence that the glycosyltransferase GalNAc-T1 primes glycosylation at Thr678 in the living cell, an event that is suppressed by mutations in the VOCs Alpha, Delta, and Omicron. We found that the sole incorporation of N-acetylgalactosamine did not impact furin activity in synthetic O-glycopeptides, but the presence of sialic acid reduced the furin rate by up to 65%. Similarly, O-glycosylation with a sialylated trisaccharide had a negative impact on TMPRSS2 cleavage. With a chemistry-centered approach, we substantiate O-glycosylation as a major determinant of spike maturation and propose disruption of O-glycosylation as a substantial driving force for VOC evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar Gonzalez-Rodriguez
- Chemical
Glycobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick
Institute, NW1 1AT London, United Kingdom
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College London, W12 0BZ London, United Kingdom
| | - Mia Zol-Hanlon
- Chemical
Glycobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick
Institute, NW1 1AT London, United Kingdom
- Signalling
and Structural Biology Lab, The Francis
Crick Institute, NW1 1AT London, United Kingdom
| | - Ganka Bineva-Todd
- Chemical
Glycobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick
Institute, NW1 1AT London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Marchesi
- Chemical
Glycobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick
Institute, NW1 1AT London, United Kingdom
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College London, W12 0BZ London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Skehel
- Proteomics
Science Technology Platform, The Francis
Crick Institute, NW1 1AT London, United Kingdom
| | - Keira E. Mahoney
- Department
of Chemistry, Yale University, 275 Prospect Street, 06511 New Haven, Connecticut, United States
| | - Chloë Roustan
- Structural
Biology Science Technology Platform, The
Francis Crick Institute, NW1 1AT London, United Kingdom
| | - Annabel Borg
- Structural
Biology Science Technology Platform, The
Francis Crick Institute, NW1 1AT London, United Kingdom
| | - Lucia Di Vagno
- Chemical
Glycobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick
Institute, NW1 1AT London, United Kingdom
- Proteomics
Science Technology Platform, The Francis
Crick Institute, NW1 1AT London, United Kingdom
| | - Svend Kjær
- Structural
Biology Science Technology Platform, The
Francis Crick Institute, NW1 1AT London, United Kingdom
| | - Antoni G. Wrobel
- Structural
Biology of Disease Processes Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, NW1 1AT London, United Kingdom
| | - Donald J. Benton
- Structural
Biology of Disease Processes Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, NW1 1AT London, United Kingdom
| | - Philipp Nawrath
- Structural
Biology of Disease Processes Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, NW1 1AT London, United Kingdom
| | - Sabine L. Flitsch
- Manchester
Institute of Biotechnology, University of
Manchester, 131 Princess Street, M1 7DN Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Dhira Joshi
- Chemical
Biology Science Technology Platform, The
Francis Crick Institute, NW1 1AT London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Katalin A. Wilkinson
- Tuberculosis
Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, NW1 1AT London, United Kingdom
- Wellcome
Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa, University of Cape Town, 7925 Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Robert J. Wilkinson
- Tuberculosis
Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, NW1 1AT London, United Kingdom
- Wellcome
Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa, University of Cape Town, 7925 Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department
of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College
London, W12 0NN London, United Kingdom
- Institute
of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, 7925 Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Emma C. Wall
- The Francis
Crick Institute, NW1 1AT London, United Kingdom
- University
College London Hospitals (UCLH) Biomedical Research Centre, W1T 7DN London, United Kingdom
| | - Ramón Hurtado-Guerrero
- Institute
of Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems, University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
- Copenhagen
Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Fundación
ARAID, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Stacy A. Malaker
- Department
of Chemistry, Yale University, 275 Prospect Street, 06511 New Haven, Connecticut, United States
| | - Benjamin Schumann
- Chemical
Glycobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick
Institute, NW1 1AT London, United Kingdom
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College London, W12 0BZ London, United Kingdom
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2
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Recent applications of ionic liquid-based tags in glycoscience. Carbohydr Res 2022; 520:108643. [PMID: 35977445 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2022.108643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The functionalization of glycosides with ionic compounds such as ionic liquids provides enhanced polarity for the labelled glycans thanks to the presence of a permanent positive charge. The chemical derivatisation of glycans with ionic liquids constitutes an emerging strategy to boost the detection sensitivity in MS applications. This allows the straightforward monitoring and detection of the presence of labelled glycans in complex matrices and in those cases where very limited amounts of material were available such as in biological samples and chemoenzymatic reactions. The use of ionic liquid based derivatisation agents can be further exploited for the labelling of live cells via metabolic oligosaccharide engineering for the detection of cancer biomarkers and for the tuning of live cells-surface properties with implications in cancer prognosis and progression. In this mini-review we summarise the latest development of the ionic liquid based derivatisation agents in glycoscience focussing on their use for sensitive MS applications.
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3
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Cao R, Li JX, Chen H, Cao C, Zheng F, Huang K, Chen YR, Flitsch SL, Liu L, Voglmeir J. Complete shift in glycosyl donor specificity in mammalian, but not C. elegans β1,4‐GalT1 Y286L mutants, enables the synthesis of N,N‐diacetyllactosamine. ChemCatChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202101699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ran Cao
- Nanjing Agricultural University College of Food Science And Technology CHINA
| | - Jing-Xuan Li
- Nanjing Agricultural University College of Food Science And Technology CHINA
| | - Huan Chen
- Nanjing Agricultural University College of Food Science And Technology CHINA
| | - Cui Cao
- Nanjing Agricultural University College of Food Science And Technology CHINA
| | - Feng Zheng
- Nanjing Agricultural University College of Food Science And Technology CHINA
| | - Kun Huang
- Nanjing Agricultural University College of Food Science And Technology UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Ya-Ran Chen
- Nanjing Agricultural University College of Food Science And Technology CHINA
| | | | - Li Liu
- Nanjing Agricultural University College of Food Science And Technology CHINA
| | - Josef Voglmeir
- Nanjing Agricultural University College of Food Science And Technology 1 Weigang 210095 Nanjing CHINA
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4
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Calle B, Bineva-Todd G, Marchesi A, Flynn H, Ghirardello M, Tastan OY, Roustan C, Choi J, Galan MC, Schumann B, Malaker SA. Benefits of Chemical Sugar Modifications Introduced by Click Chemistry for Glycoproteomic Analyses. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2021; 32:2366-2375. [PMID: 33871988 PMCID: PMC7611619 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.1c00084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Mucin-type O-glycosylation is among the most complex post-translational modifications. Despite mediating many physiological processes, O-glycosylation remains understudied compared to other modifications, simply because the right analytical tools are lacking. In particular, analysis of intact O-glycopeptides by mass spectrometry is challenging for several reasons; O-glycosylation lacks a consensus motif, glycopeptides have low charge density which impairs ETD fragmentation, and the glycan structures modifying the peptides are unpredictable. Recently, we introduced chemically modified monosaccharide analogues that allowed selective tracking and characterization of mucin-type O-glycans after bioorthogonal derivatization with biotin-based enrichment handles. In doing so, we realized that the chemical modifications used in these studies have additional benefits that allow for improved analysis by tandem mass spectrometry. In this work, we built on this discovery by generating a series of new GalNAc analogue glycopeptides. We characterized the mass spectrometric signatures of these modified glycopeptides and their signature residues left by bioorthogonal reporter reagents. Our data indicate that chemical methods for glycopeptide profiling offer opportunities to optimize attributes such as increased charge state, higher charge density, and predictable fragmentation behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Calle
- Chemical Glycobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, NW1 1AT, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, 80 Wood Lane, W12 0BZ, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ganka Bineva-Todd
- Chemical Glycobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, NW1 1AT, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Marchesi
- Chemical Glycobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, NW1 1AT, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, 80 Wood Lane, W12 0BZ, London, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Flynn
- Proteomics Science Technology Platform, The Francis Crick Institute, NW1 1AT London, United Kingdom
| | - Mattia Ghirardello
- School of Chemistry, Cantock’s Close, University of Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Omur Y. Tastan
- Chemical Glycobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, NW1 1AT, London, United Kingdom
| | - Chloe Roustan
- Structural Biology Science Technology Platform, The Francis Crick Institute, NW1 1AT London, United Kingdom
| | - Junwon Choi
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - M. Carmen Galan
- School of Chemistry, Cantock’s Close, University of Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin Schumann
- Chemical Glycobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, NW1 1AT, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, 80 Wood Lane, W12 0BZ, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stacy A. Malaker
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 275 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT 06511, United States
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5
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Zhang YY, Ghirardello M, Wang T, Lu AM, Liu L, Voglmeir J, Galan MC. Imidazolium labelling permits the sensitive mass-spectrometric detection of N-glycosides directly from serum. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:7003-7006. [PMID: 34159978 PMCID: PMC8280963 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc02100a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A novel imidazolium derivative (GITag) shows superior ionisation and consequently allows increased mass spectrometric detection capabilities of oligosaccharides and N-glycans. Here we demonstrate that human serum samples can be directly labelled by GITag on a MALDI target plate, abrogating prevalently required sample pretreatment or clean-up steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Yao Zhang
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center (GGBRC), College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, 210095 Nanjing, China.
| | - Mattia Ghirardello
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, BS8 1TS Bristol, UK.
| | - Ting Wang
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center (GGBRC), College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, 210095 Nanjing, China.
| | - Ai-Min Lu
- College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, 210095 Nanjing, China
| | - Li Liu
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center (GGBRC), College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, 210095 Nanjing, China.
| | - Josef Voglmeir
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center (GGBRC), College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, 210095 Nanjing, China.
| | - M Carmen Galan
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, BS8 1TS Bristol, UK.
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6
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Bulmer GS, Mattey AP, Parmeggiani F, Williams R, Ledru H, Marchesi A, Seibt LS, Both P, Huang K, Galan MC, Flitsch SL, Green AP, van Munster JM. A promiscuous glycosyltransferase generates poly-β-1,4-glucan derivatives that facilitate mass spectrometry-based detection of cellulolytic enzymes. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:5529-5533. [PMID: 34105582 PMCID: PMC8243248 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00971k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Promiscuous activity of a glycosyltransferase was exploited to polymerise glucose from UDP-glucose via the generation of β-1,4-glycosidic linkages. The biocatalyst was incorporated into biocatalytic cascades and chemo-enzymatic strategies to synthesise cello-oligosaccharides with tailored functionalities on a scale suitable for employment in mass spectrometry-based assays. The resulting glycan structures enabled reporting of the activity and selectivity of celluloltic enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory S Bulmer
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology (MIB) & School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Ashley P Mattey
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology (MIB) & School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Fabio Parmeggiani
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology (MIB) & School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK. and Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Ryan Williams
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Helene Ledru
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Andrea Marchesi
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology (MIB) & School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Lisa S Seibt
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology (MIB) & School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Peter Both
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology (MIB) & School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Kun Huang
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology (MIB) & School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | | | - Sabine L Flitsch
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology (MIB) & School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Anthony P Green
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology (MIB) & School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Jolanda M van Munster
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology (MIB) & School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK. and Scotland's Rural College, Central Faculty, Edinburgh, UK
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7
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Huang K, Marchesi A, Hollingsworth K, Both P, Mattey AP, Pallister E, Ledru H, Charnock SJ, Galan MC, Turnbull WB, Parmeggiani F, Flitsch SL. Biochemical characterisation of an α1,4 galactosyltransferase from Neisseria weaveri for the synthesis of α1,4-linked galactosides. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:3142-3148. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ob00407c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new α1,4 galactosyltransferase has been characterised and used for the synthesis of natural and non-natural cell surface trisaccharide antigens.
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8
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Fallows TW, McGrath AJ, Silva J, McAdams SG, Marchesi A, Tuna F, Flitsch SL, Tilley RD, Webb SJ. High-throughput chemical and chemoenzymatic approaches to saccharide-coated magnetic nanoparticles for MRI. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2019; 1:3597-3606. [PMID: 36133529 PMCID: PMC9417132 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00376b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
There is a need for biofunctionalised magnetic nanoparticles for many biomedical applications, including MRI contrast agents that have a range of surface properties and functional groups. A library of eleven adducts, each formed by condensing a reducing sugar with a catechol hydrazide, for nanoparticle functionalisation has been created using a high-throughput chemical synthesis methodology. The enzymatic transformation of an N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) adduct into an N-acetyllactosamine adduct by β-1,4-galactosyltransferase illustrates how chemoenzymatic methods could provide adducts bearing complex and expensive glycans. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (8 nm diameter, characterised by TEM, DLS and SQUID) were coated with these adducts and the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) properties of GlcNAc-labelled nanoparticles were determined. This straightforward approach can produce a range of MRI contrast agents with a variety of biofunctionalised surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas W Fallows
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK +44 (0)161 306 4524
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester 131 Princess St Manchester M1 7DN UK
| | - Andrew J McGrath
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales Australia
| | - Joana Silva
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK +44 (0)161 306 4524
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester 131 Princess St Manchester M1 7DN UK
| | - Simon G McAdams
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK +44 (0)161 306 4524
- School of Materials, University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester UK
| | - Andrea Marchesi
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK +44 (0)161 306 4524
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester 131 Princess St Manchester M1 7DN UK
| | - Floriana Tuna
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK +44 (0)161 306 4524
- Photon Science Institute, University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Sabine L Flitsch
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK +44 (0)161 306 4524
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester 131 Princess St Manchester M1 7DN UK
| | - Richard D Tilley
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales Australia
- Electron Microscope Unit, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales Australia
| | - Simon J Webb
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK +44 (0)161 306 4524
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester 131 Princess St Manchester M1 7DN UK
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9
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Zhao X, Cai P, Sun C, Pan Y. Application of ionic liquids in separation and analysis of carbohydrates: State of the art and future trends. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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10
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Huang K, Parmeggiani F, Ledru H, Hollingsworth K, Mas Pons J, Marchesi A, Both P, Mattey AP, Pallister E, Bulmer GS, van Munster JM, Turnbull WB, Galan MC, Flitsch SL. Enzymatic synthesis of N-acetyllactosamine from lactose enabled by recombinant β1,4-galactosyltransferases. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:5920-5924. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01089k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of LacNAc with reversible GalTs.
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