1
|
Lu YC, Hsu YT, Yang TY, Liou IC, Wang SW, Huang PC, Lee JJ, Lai LL, Hsu HF. Converting non-Mesogenic to Mesogenic Stacking of Amino- s-Triazine-Based Dendrons with p-CN Phenyl Unit by Eliminating Peripheral Dipole. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12020185. [PMID: 35055204 PMCID: PMC8782037 DOI: 10.3390/nano12020185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Three new amino-s-triazine-based dendrons, 1a, 1b, and 1c, containing an aryl-CN moiety in the dendritic skeleton were prepared in 72–81% yields (1a: R1 = − N(n-C8H17)2, R2 = n-OC8H17, 1b: R1 = R2 = − N(n-C8H17)2, 1c: R1 = − N(n-C8H17)2, R2 = − N(n-C4H9)2). Dendrons 1a with N(n-C8H17)2 and n-OC8H17 peripheral substituents, surprisingly, did not show any mesogenic phase during the thermal process. However, non-mesogenic 1a can be converted to mesogenic 1b or 1c by eliminating the peripheral dipole arising from the alkoxy substituent; dendron 1b only comprising the same N(n-C8H17)2 peripheral groups showed a ~25 °C mesogenic range on heating and ~108 °C mesogenic range on cooling. In contrast, dendron 1c possessing different N(n-CmH2m+1)2 (m = 8 versus m = 4) peripheral units, having similar stacking as 1b, exhibited a columnar phase on thermal treatment, but its mesogenic range (~9 and ~66 °C on heating and cooling, respectively) was much narrower than that of 1b, attributed to 1c’s less flexible alkyl chains in the peripheral part of dendron. Dendron 1a with the alkoxy substituent in the peripheral skeleton, creating additional dipole correspondingly, thus, leads to the dendritic molecules having a non-mesogenic stacking. Without the peripheral dipole for intermolecular side-by-side interaction, dendrons 1b and 1c exhibit a columnar phase on thermal treatment because of the vibration from the peripheral alkyl chain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Chih Lu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University, No. 1 University Rd., Puli, Nantou 545, Taiwan; (Y.-C.L.); (T.-Y.Y.); (I.-C.L.); (S.-W.W.)
| | - Yu-Tsz Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, No. 151, Yingzhuan Rd., New Taipei City 251, Taiwan;
| | - Tsung-Yen Yang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University, No. 1 University Rd., Puli, Nantou 545, Taiwan; (Y.-C.L.); (T.-Y.Y.); (I.-C.L.); (S.-W.W.)
| | - I-Chun Liou
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University, No. 1 University Rd., Puli, Nantou 545, Taiwan; (Y.-C.L.); (T.-Y.Y.); (I.-C.L.); (S.-W.W.)
| | - Sheng-Wei Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University, No. 1 University Rd., Puli, Nantou 545, Taiwan; (Y.-C.L.); (T.-Y.Y.); (I.-C.L.); (S.-W.W.)
| | - Po-Chia Huang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, No. 101, Hsin-Ann Rd., Hsinchu 300, Taiwan; (P.-C.H.); (J.-J.L.)
| | - Jey-Jau Lee
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, No. 101, Hsin-Ann Rd., Hsinchu 300, Taiwan; (P.-C.H.); (J.-J.L.)
| | - Long-Li Lai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University, No. 1 University Rd., Puli, Nantou 545, Taiwan; (Y.-C.L.); (T.-Y.Y.); (I.-C.L.); (S.-W.W.)
- Correspondence: (L.-L.L.); (H.-F.H.)
| | - Hsiu-Fu Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, No. 151, Yingzhuan Rd., New Taipei City 251, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: (L.-L.L.); (H.-F.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bindu Ramesan A, Vittala SK, Joseph J. DNA condensation and formation of ultrathin nanosheets via DNA assisted self-assembly of an amphiphilic fullerene derivative. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2022; 226:112352. [PMID: 34798504 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2021.112352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
DNA nanotechnology propose various assembly strategies to develop novel functional nanostructures utilizing unique interactions of DNA with small molecules, nanoparticles, polymers, and other biomolecules. Although, well defined nanostructures of DNA and amphiphilic small molecules were achieved through hybridization of covalently modified DNA, attaining precise organization of functional moieties through non-covalent interactions remain as a challenging task. Herein, we report mutually assisted assembly of an amphiphilic fullerene derivative and various DNA structures through non-covalent interactions, which leads to initial DNA condensation and subsequent assembly yielding ordered fullerene-DNA nanosheets. The molecular design of the cationic, amphiphilic fullerene derivative (FPy) ensures molecular solubility in the 10% DMSO-PBS buffer system and facile interactions with DNA through groove binding and electrostatic interactions of fullerene moiety and positively charged pyridinium moiety, respectively. The formation of FPy/DNA nanostructures were thoroughly investigated in the presence of λ-DNA, pBR322 plasmid DNA, and single and double stranded 20-mer oligonucleotides using UV-visible spectroscopy, AFM and TEM analysis. λ-DNA and pBR322 plasmid DNA readily condense in presence of FPy leading to micrometer sized few layer nanosheets with significant crystallinity due to ordered arrangement of fullerenes. Similarly, single and double stranded 20-mer oligonucleotides also interact efficiently with FPy and form highly crystalline nanosheets, signifying the role of electrostatic interaction and subsequent charge neutralization in the condensation triggered assembly. However, there is significant differences in the crystallinity and ordered arrangements of fullerenes between these two cases, where longer DNA form condensed structures and less ordered nanosheets while short oligonucleotides lead to more ordered and highly crystalline nanosheets, which could be attributed to the differential DNA condensation. Finally, we have demonstrated the addressability of the assembly using a cyanine modified single strand DNA, which also forms highly crystalline nanosheets and exhibit efficient quenching of the cyanine fluorescence upon self-assembly. These results open up new prospects in the development of functional DNA nanostructures through non-covalent interactions and hence have potential applications in the context of DNA nanotechnology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Bindu Ramesan
- Photosciences and Photonics Section, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695 019, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Sandeepa Kulala Vittala
- Photosciences and Photonics Section, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695 019, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Joshy Joseph
- Photosciences and Photonics Section, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695 019, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Belovari M, Nestić D, Marić I, Majhen D, Cametti M, Džolić Z. Photophysical characterization and the self-assembly properties of mono- and bis-pyrene derivatives for cell imaging applications. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj03843a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Seven newly designed mono- and bis-pyrene derivatives with varying amino acid units self-assembled into fluorescent organic nanoparticles and were used for imaging in live cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mateja Belovari
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička Cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Davor Nestić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička Cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivan Marić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička Cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dragomira Majhen
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička Cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Massimo Cametti
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via Luigi Mancinelli 7, Milano, Italy
| | - Zoran Džolić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička Cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Saraswathi SK, Karunakaran V, Maiti KK, Joseph J. DNA Condensation Triggered by the Synergistic Self-Assembly of Tetraphenylethylene-Viologen Aggregates and CT-DNA. Front Chem 2021; 9:716771. [PMID: 34368086 PMCID: PMC8341308 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.716771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Development of small organic chromophores as DNA condensing agents, which explore supramolecular interactions and absorbance or fluorescence-based tracking of condensation and gene delivery processes, is in the initial stages. Herein, we report the synthesis and electrostatic/groove binding interaction-directed synergistic self-assembly of the aggregates of two viologen-functionalized tetraphenylethylene (TPE-V) molecules with CT-DNA and subsequent concentration-dependent DNA condensation process. TPE-V molecules differ in their chemical structure according to the number of viologen units. Photophysical and morphological studies have revealed the interaction of the aggregates of TPE-V in Tris buffer with CT-DNA, which transforms the fibrous network structure of CT-DNA to partially condensed beads-on-a-string-like arrangement with TPE-V aggregates as beads via electrostatic and groove binding interactions. Upon further increasing the concentration of TPE-V, the "beads-on-a-string"-type assembly of TPE-V/CT-DNA complex changes to completely condensed compact structures with 40-50 nm in diameter through the effective charge neutralization process. Enhancement in the melting temperature of CT-DNA, quenching of the fluorescence emission of ethidium bromide/CT-DNA complex, and the formation of induced CD signal in the presence of TPE-V molecules support the observed morphological changes and thereby verify the DNA condensation abilities of TPE-V molecules. Decrease in the hydrodynamic size, increase in the zeta potential value with the addition of TPE-V molecules to CT-DNA, failure of TPE-V/cucurbit(8)uril complex to condense CT-DNA, and the enhanced DNA condensation ability of TPE-V2 with two viologen units compared to TPE-V1 with a single viologen unit confirm the importance of positively charged viologen units in the DNA condensation process. Initial cytotoxicity analysis on A549 cancer and WI-38 normal cells revealed that these DNA condensing agents are non-toxic in nature and hence could be utilized in further cellular delivery studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sajena Kanangat Saraswathi
- Photosciences and Photonics Section, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Varsha Karunakaran
- Photosciences and Photonics Section, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Kaustabh Kumar Maiti
- Photosciences and Photonics Section, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Joshy Joseph
- Photosciences and Photonics Section, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gui M, Han Y, Zhong H, Liao R, Wang F. Investigation of the Amide Linkages on Cooperative Supramolecular Polymerization of Organoplatinum(II) Complexes. Molecules 2021; 26:2832. [PMID: 34068830 PMCID: PMC8126204 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cooperative supramolecular polymerization of π-conjugated compounds into one-dimensional nanostructures has received tremendous attentions in recent years. It is commonly achieved by incorporating amide linkages into the monomeric structures, which provide hydrogen bonds for intermolecular non-covalent complexation. Herein, the effect of amide linkages is elaborately studied, by comparing supramolecular polymerization behaviors of two structurally similar monomers with the same platinum(II) acetylide cores. As compared to the N-phenyl benzamide linkages, N-[(1S)-1-phenylethyl] benzamide linkages give rise to effective chirality transfer behaviors due to the closer distances between the chiral units and the platinum(II) acetylide core. They also provide stronger intermolecular hydrogen bonding strength, which consequently brings higher thermo-stability and enhanced gelation capability for the resulting supramolecular polymers. Supramolecular polymerization is further strengthened by varying the monomers from monotopic to ditopic structures. Hence, with the judicious modulation of structural parameters, the current study opens up new avenues for the rational design of supramolecular polymeric systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rui Liao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; (M.G.); (Y.H.); (H.Z.)
| | - Feng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; (M.G.); (Y.H.); (H.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tulli LG, Miranda D, Lee CC, Sullivan Y, Grotzfeld R, Hollingworth G, Kneuer R, Karpov AS. Modular synthesis and modification of novel bifunctional dendrons. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:2906-2912. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob02988a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The modular synthesis of two generations of highly branched bifunctional dendrons is reported. The first generation dendron–antibody conjugate is shown to selectively detect CD4+ T cells in the PBMC culture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniela Miranda
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research
- 4002 Basel
- Switzerland
| | | | - Yang Sullivan
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research
- Cambridge
- USA
| | - Robert Grotzfeld
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research
- 4002 Basel
- Switzerland
| | | | - Rainer Kneuer
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research
- 4002 Basel
- Switzerland
| | - Alexei S. Karpov
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research
- 4002 Basel
- Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sun Q, Zhu HY, Wang JF, Chen X, Wang KR, Li XL. Supramolecular nanofiber of pyrene-lactose conjugates and its two-photon fluorescence imaging. Bioorg Chem 2018; 79:126-130. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|