1
|
Tabassum S, Saqib M, Batool M, Sharif F, Gilani MA, Huck O. Eco-friendly synthesis of mesoporous bioactive glass ceramics and functionalization for drug delivery and hard tissue engineering applications. Biomed Mater 2024; 19:035014. [PMID: 38387057 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad2c19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Hard tissue regenerative mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG) has traditionally been synthesized using costly and toxic alkoxysilane agents and harsh conditions. In this study, MBG was synthesized using the cheaper reagent SiO2by using a co-precipitation approach. The surface properties of MBG ceramic were tailored by functionalizing with amino and carboxylic groups, aiming to develop an efficient drug delivery system for treating bone infections occurring during or after reconstruction surgeries. The amino groups were introduced through a salinization reaction, while the carboxylate groups were added via a chain elongation reaction. The MBG, MBG-NH2, and MBG-NH-COOH were analyzed by using various techniques: x-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. The XRD results confirmed the successful preparation of MBG, and the FTIR results indicated successful functionalization. BET analysis revealed that the prepared samples were mesoporous, and functionalization tuned their surface area and surface properties. Cefixime, an antibiotic, was loaded onto MBG, MBG-NH2, and MBG-NH-COOH to test their drug-carrying capacity. Comparatively, MBG-NH-COOH showed good drug loading and sustained release behavior. The release of the drug followed the Fickian diffusion mechanism. All prepared samples displayed favorable biocompatibility at higher concentration in the Alamar blue assay with MC3T3 cells and exhibited the good potential for hard tissue regeneration, as carbonated hydroxyapatite formed on their surfaces in simulated body fluid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sobia Tabassum
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM), COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore 54600, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saqib
- Institute of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Madeeha Batool
- Institute of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Faiza Sharif
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM), COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore 54600, Pakistan
| | - Mazhar Amjad Gilani
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore 54600, Pakistan
| | - Olivier Huck
- Université de Strasbourg, Dental Faculty, 8 rue Sainte-Elisabeth, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine, Strasbourg, France
- Pôle de médecine et chirurgie bucco-dentaire, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang J, Wang Y, Zhang G, Xu B, Zhao Z, Yin T. Fabrication of Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA) Hydrophilic Surfaces Using Combined Offset-Tool-Servo Flycutting and Hot Embossing Methods. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4532. [PMID: 38231962 PMCID: PMC10707897 DOI: 10.3390/polym15234532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is a material with good surface wettability and has unique and widespread applications in industrial fields. However, fabricating this material in an environmentally friendly way while maintaining its mechanical robustness remains a challenging task. One effective way is through the rational design of microstructure surfaces. The current study fabricated a pyramid microstructure array on a mold surface using offset-tool-servo flycutting, which was then combined with hot embossing to replicate an inverted pyramid microstructure array on a PMMA surface. Firstly, a toolpath compensation algorithm was developed to linearize the arc toolpath and reduce the cost of ultra-precision lathe. Then, the algorithm was further developed to achieve automatic linear toolpath intersection, aiming to ensure the machining accuracy and improve machining efficiency. An experiment testing the linear toolpath intersecting at 90° was conducted, fabricating a pyramid microstructure array with nanoscale roughness on the mold surface. This surface was then employed for replicating an inverted pyramid microstructure array on the PMMA surface using hot embossing. Furthermore, the accuracy of replication was evaluated, and the experimental results demonstrated excellent replication fidelity, exceeding 98%. The microstructural surface of the PMMA exhibited a change in surface wettability. The wettability test showed a water-droplet contact angle reduction from 84.8° ± 0.1° to 56.2° ± 0.1°, demonstrating a good hydrophilic effect. This study introduces a novel, environmentally friendly and high-precision method to fabricate a functional PMMA surface with an inverted pyramid microstructure array. The results of this study also provide strong technical support and theoretical guidance for micro-nanostructure functional surface machining and replicating.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianpeng Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano Optomechatronics Engineering, Shenzhen University, Nan-hai Ave. 3688, Shenzhen 518060, China; (J.W.); (Y.W.); (B.X.); (Z.Z.)
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of High Performance Nontraditional Manufacturing, College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering, Shenzhen University, Nan-hai Ave. 3688, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Yaohui Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano Optomechatronics Engineering, Shenzhen University, Nan-hai Ave. 3688, Shenzhen 518060, China; (J.W.); (Y.W.); (B.X.); (Z.Z.)
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of High Performance Nontraditional Manufacturing, College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering, Shenzhen University, Nan-hai Ave. 3688, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Guoqing Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano Optomechatronics Engineering, Shenzhen University, Nan-hai Ave. 3688, Shenzhen 518060, China; (J.W.); (Y.W.); (B.X.); (Z.Z.)
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of High Performance Nontraditional Manufacturing, College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering, Shenzhen University, Nan-hai Ave. 3688, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano Optomechatronics Engineering, Shenzhen University, Nan-hai Ave. 3688, Shenzhen 518060, China; (J.W.); (Y.W.); (B.X.); (Z.Z.)
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of High Performance Nontraditional Manufacturing, College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering, Shenzhen University, Nan-hai Ave. 3688, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Zejia Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano Optomechatronics Engineering, Shenzhen University, Nan-hai Ave. 3688, Shenzhen 518060, China; (J.W.); (Y.W.); (B.X.); (Z.Z.)
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of High Performance Nontraditional Manufacturing, College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering, Shenzhen University, Nan-hai Ave. 3688, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Tengfei Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Ultra-precision Machining Technology, Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Elakkiya K, Bargavi P, Balakumar S. Unveiling pro-angiogenesis and drug delivery using dual-bio polymer with bio-ceramic based nanocomposite hydrogels. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 341:140131. [PMID: 37690566 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
In regenerative medicine, blood vessel development is of utmost importance as it enables the restoration of blood flow to tissues, and facilitate rapid vascularization in clinical tissue-engineered grafts. Herein, we fabricate the nanocomposite hydrogels from BG (clinophosinaite), alginate, Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and Dexamethasone (DEX) for the dual applications of drug delivery and angiogenesis assay. The hydrogels were fabricated through cross-linking approach and termed as alginate/PEG (A), alginate/PEG/clinophosinaite (AC), and alginate/PEG/clinophosinaite/DEX (ACD) that further subjected to structural characterization, using powder X-ray diffraction, and fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Porous nanostructures and sheets were imaged using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), which aid in nutrient and oxygen transport to support angiogenesis. The nanocomposite hydrogels evidently demonstrated good hemocompatibility and fully hydrophilic (30.20°). By means of liquid displacement technique, the nanocomposite hydrogel achieves 47% of porosity with the compressive strength about 0.04 MPa. In alginate/PEG/clinophosinaite and alginate/PEG/clinophosinaite/DEX systems, water absorption capacity reached 85% in 6 h and maintained 90% retention after 12 h. Further, leachable tests revealed that the hydrogel had not deformed even after 24 h. In vitro drug release studies evidently divulge sustainable delivery of DEX from alginate/PEG/clinophosinaite/DEX hydrogel with superior characteristics for drug release. The angiogenesis assay also evidently revealed that the AC and ACD hydrogels, demonstrated higher angiogenic properties with, promoted blood vessel development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Elakkiya
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Chennai, 600025, India
| | - P Bargavi
- Department of Oral Pathology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, 600077, India
| | - S Balakumar
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Chennai, 600025, India.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Elakkiya K, Bargavi P, Balakumar S. 3D interconnected porous PMMA scaffold integrating with advanced nanostructured CaP-based biomaterials for rapid bone repair and regeneration. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 147:106106. [PMID: 37708780 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.106106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive scaffolds with polymer and nanostructured bioactive glass-based composites are promising materials for regenerative applications in consequence of close mimics of natural bone composition. Poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) is a highly preferred thermoplastic polymer for orthopedic applications as it has good biocompatibility. Different kinds of bioactive, biodegradable as well as biocompatible biomaterial composites such as Bioglass (BG), Hydroxyapatite (Hap), and Tricalcium phosphate (TCP) can be integrated with PMMA, so as to augment the bioactivity, porosity as well as regeneration of hard tissues in human body. Among the bioactive glass, 60S BG (Bioactive glass with 60 percentage of Silica without Sodium ions) is better materials among aforementioned systems owning to mechanical stability as well as controlled bioactive material. In this work, the fabrication of PMMA-CaP (calcium phosphate)-based scaffolds were carried out by Thermal Induced Phase Separation method (TIPS). X-ray diffractogram analysis (XRD) is used to examine the physiochemical properties of the scaffolds that evidently reveal the presence of calcium phosphate besides calcium phosphate silicate phases. The Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) studies obviously exhibited the microstructure of the scaffolds as well as their interconnected porous morphology. The PMMA/60S BG/TCP (C50) scaffold has the maximum pore size, measuring 77 ± 23 μm, while the average pore size ranges from 50 ± 20 to 80 ± 23 μm. By performing a liquid displacement method, the C50 scaffold is found to have the largest porosity of 50%, high hydrophilicity of 118.16°, and a compression test reveals the scaffolds to have a maximum compressive strength of 0.16 MPa. The emergence of bone-like apatite on the scaffold surface after 1st and 21st days of SBF immersion is further supported by in vitro bioactivity studies. Cytocompatibility and hemocompatibility analyses undoubtedly confirmed the biocompatibility behavior of PMMA-based bioactive scaffolds. Nano-CT investigation demonstrates that PMMA-CaP scaffolds provide more or less alike morphologies of composites that resemble the natural bone. Therefore, this combination of scaffolds could be considered as potential biomaterials for bone regeneration application. This detailed study promisingly demonstrates the eminence of the unique scaffolds in the direction of regenerative medicines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Elakkiya
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Chennai 600025, India
| | - P Bargavi
- Department of Oral Pathology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, India
| | - S Balakumar
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Chennai 600025, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sui P, Yu T, Sun S, Chao B, Qin C, Wang J, Wang E, Zheng C. Advances in materials used for minimally invasive treatment of vertebral compression fractures. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1303678. [PMID: 37954022 PMCID: PMC10634476 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1303678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Vertebral compression fractures are becoming increasingly common with aging of the population; minimally invasive materials play an essential role in treating these fractures. However, the unacceptable processing-performance relationships of materials and their poor osteoinductive performance have limited their clinical application. In this review, we describe the advances in materials used for minimally invasive treatment of vertebral compression fractures and enumerate the types of bone cement commonly used in current practice. We also discuss the limitations of the materials themselves, and summarize the approaches for improving the characteristics of bone cement. Finally, we review the types and clinical efficacy of new vertebral implants. This review may provide valuable insights into newer strategies and methods for future research; it may also improve understanding on the application of minimally invasive materials for the treatment of vertebral compression fractures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Changjun Zheng
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Prakash C, Yadav AK, Dixit A. Low power highly flexible BiFeO 3-based resistive random access memory (RRAM) with the coexistence of negative differential resistance (NDR). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023. [PMID: 37455647 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02235h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrated the resistive random access memory characteristics for Cu (top contact)/BFO/PMMA (active layer)/ITO (bottom electrode)/PET sheet as a flexible substrate device configuration. The device showed non-volatile bipolar resistive switching characteristics with good repeatability and the coexistence of NDR for 100 cycles or more with 0.28/3.43 mW power consumption for 1st/100th cycles. The device retains its read state for 104 s or more and switches from LRS to HRS or vice versa for 103 cycles with a pulse width of 100 ms for a write-read-erase-read pulse without affecting the memory characteristics. The Weibull distribution suggests that a set state is more stable than the reset state with shape factor β = 25.20. The device follows Ohmic behavior for the lower applied external field and Child square and Schottky emission for the higher external fields. The Joule heating, Sorets, and Fick's forces are responsible for the formation and rupturing of ionic filament. The coexistence of resistive switching and flexible strength of the device sustains the bending curvature of infinity, 0.2 cm, 1 cm, 1.7 cm, and 2.2 cm. The memory characteristics are retained under tensile conditions for 100 cycles or more. More interestingly, the power consumption for sustaining the NDR region with bending (19 μW) is much lower than without bending (0.19 mW). Thus, this study provides the possibility of integrating BFO with flexible substrates suitable for hybrid organic/inorganic memory structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chandra Prakash
- Advance Materials and Device (A-MAD) Laboratory, Department of Physics, IIT Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342030, India.
| | - Ankit K Yadav
- Advance Materials and Device (A-MAD) Laboratory, Department of Physics, IIT Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342030, India.
| | - Ambesh Dixit
- Advance Materials and Device (A-MAD) Laboratory, Department of Physics, IIT Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342030, India.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fandzloch M, Bodylska W, Roszek K, Halubek-Gluchowska K, Jaromin A, Gerasymchuk Y, Lukowiak A. Solvothermally-derived nanoglass as a highly bioactive material. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:5514-5528. [PMID: 35343556 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr05984j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A highly bioactive glass solvBG76 in a binary system 76SiO2-24CaO (wt%) was prepared following a solvothermal path of the synthesis. The facile synthesis, in terms of the steps and reagents needed, enabled the achievement of a mesoporous material. Many factors such as nano-size (<50 nm), different morphology (non-spherical), use of an unconventional network modifier (calcium hydroxide) during the synthesis, a structure free of crystalline impurities, and textural properties greatly enhanced the kinetic deposition process of hydroxyapatite (HA) when contacting with physiological fluids. The formation of a HA layer on the glass was analyzed by various techniques, namely XRD, IR-ATR, Raman, XPS, EDS analyses, SEM, and HR-TEM imaging. The results obtained were compared to the 45S5 glass tested as a reference biomaterial as well as 70S30C-a glass with similar size and composition to reported solvBG76 but obtained by the conventional sol-gel method. For the first time, superior apatite-mineralization ability in less than 1 h in a physiological-like buffer was achieved. This unique bioactivity is accompanied by biocompatibility and hemocompatibility, which was indicated by a set of various assays in human dermal fibroblasts and MC3T3 mouse osteoblast precursor cells, as well as hemolytic activity determination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marzena Fandzloch
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Okólna 2, 50-422 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Weronika Bodylska
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Okólna 2, 50-422 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Roszek
- Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Halubek-Gluchowska
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Okólna 2, 50-422 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Anna Jaromin
- Department of Lipids and Liposomes, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Yuriy Gerasymchuk
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Okólna 2, 50-422 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Anna Lukowiak
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Okólna 2, 50-422 Wrocław, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Vikulova M, Tsyganov A, Bainyashev A, Artyukhov D, Gorokhovsky A, Muratov D, Gorshkov N. Dielectric properties of
PMMA
/
KCTO
(H) composites for electronics components. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.51168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vikulova
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology of Materials Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov Saratov Russian Federation
| | - Alexey Tsyganov
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology of Materials Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov Saratov Russian Federation
| | - Alexey Bainyashev
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology of Materials Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov Saratov Russian Federation
| | - Denis Artyukhov
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology of Materials Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov Saratov Russian Federation
| | - Alexander Gorokhovsky
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology of Materials Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov Saratov Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry Muratov
- Department of Functional Nanosystems and High‐Temperature Materials National University of Science and Technology MISiS Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Nikolay Gorshkov
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology of Materials Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov Saratov Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yenilmez F, Mutlu I. Production and nondestructive characterization of thermoplastic-based polymer matrix composite materials. POLYM-PLAST TECH MAT 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/25740881.2020.1793193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Furkan Yenilmez
- Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ilven Mutlu
- Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zinc and chromium co-doped calcium hydroxyapatite: Sol-gel synthesis, characterization, behaviour in simulated body fluid and phase transformations. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2020.121202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
11
|
Mubina MK, Shailajha S, Sankaranarayanan R, Saranya L. In vitro bioactivity, mechanical behavior and antibacterial properties of mesoporous SiO2-CaO-Na2O-P2O5 nano bioactive glass ceramics. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2019; 100:103379. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.103379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
12
|
Everything old is new again: a reinspection of solid-state method for the fabrication of high quality calcium hydroxyapatite bioceramics. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2019.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
|
13
|
Garskaite E, Karlsson O, Stankeviciute Z, Kareiva A, Jones D, Sandberg D. Surface hardness and flammability of Na2SiO3and nano-TiO2reinforced wood composites. RSC Adv 2019; 9:27973-27986. [PMID: 35530478 PMCID: PMC9071003 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra05200c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to explore an effect of the combined inorganic materials on the wood hardness and flame-retardancy properties in a concept of sustainable material management. Herein, the reinforcement of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) sapwood with sodium silicate and TiO2 nanoparticles via vacuum-pressure technique is reported. Pyrolysis of modified wood was studied by TG-FTIR analysis; the results showed that maximum weight loss for the modified wood was obtained at 40–50 °C lower temperatures compared to the reference untreated wood. The Gram–Schmidt profiles and spectra extracted at maxima absorption from Gram–Schmidt plots indicated chemical changes in wood–inorganic composites. SEM/EDS analysis revealed the presence of Na–O–Si solid gel within the wood-cell lumen and showed that TiO2 was homogeneously distributed within the amorphous Na–O–Si glass-forming phase to form a thin surface coating. EDS mapping further revealed the higher diffusivity of sodium into the cell wall compared to the silicon compound. The presence of amorphous sodium silicate and nano-TiO2 was additionally confirmed by XRD analysis. FTIR spectra confirmed the chemical changes in Scots pine sapwood induced by alkalization. Brinell hardness test showed that the hardness of the modified wood increased with the highest value (44% increase in hardness) obtained for 10% Na2SiO3–nTiO2 modified wood. The results showed good correlation between TG and flammability test; limiting oxygen index (LOI) values for the wood–inorganic composites increased by 9–14% compared to the untreated wood. Scots pine sapwood reinforced with Na2SiO3 and nano-TiO2 shows a potential for the exploration of a broader range of wood hardness and flame-retardancy properties in a concept of sustainable material management.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edita Garskaite
- Wood Science and Engineering
- Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics
- Luleå University of Technology
- SE-931 87 Skellefteå
- Sweden
| | - Olov Karlsson
- Wood Science and Engineering
- Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics
- Luleå University of Technology
- SE-931 87 Skellefteå
- Sweden
| | - Zivile Stankeviciute
- Institute of Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences
- Vilnius University
- Vilnius LT-03225
- Lithuania
| | - Aivaras Kareiva
- Institute of Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences
- Vilnius University
- Vilnius LT-03225
- Lithuania
| | - Dennis Jones
- Wood Science and Engineering
- Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics
- Luleå University of Technology
- SE-931 87 Skellefteå
- Sweden
| | - Dick Sandberg
- Wood Science and Engineering
- Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics
- Luleå University of Technology
- SE-931 87 Skellefteå
- Sweden
| |
Collapse
|