1
|
Huang W, Tu C, Tian Q, Wang K, Yang C, Ma C, Xu X, Yan W. Synergistic Effects of 9,10-Dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide-Based Derivative and Modified Sepiolite on Flame-Retarded Poly (Ethylene Oxide)-Poly (Butylene Adipate-Co-Terephthalate) Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 16:45. [PMID: 38201710 PMCID: PMC10781121 DOI: 10.3390/polym16010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
A 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO)-based derivative (PN-DOPO) combined with aluminium phosphates-coated sepiolite (Sep@AlPO4) was used to improve the flame retardance, thermal stability and mechanical performances of poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO)/poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) blends. The synergistic effects of PN-DOPO and Sep@AlPO4 on flame-retarded PEO/PBAT composites were systematically discussed. Results indicated that introducing 5 wt% Sep@AlPO4 with 10 wt% PN-DOPO into PEO/PBAT achieved a V-1 rating for the UL-94 test and increased the limiting oxygen index value to 23.7%. Moreover, the peak heat release rate (p-HRR), average HRR and total heat release values of PEO/PBAT/PN10%/Sep5% composites decreased by 35.6%, 11.0% and 23.0% compared with those of PEO/PBAT, respectively. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results confirmed that PN-DOPO/Sep@AlPO4 enhanced the initial thermal stability and char yield of PEO/PBAT matrix, and TGA/Fourier transform infrared spectrometry results revealed that the composites exhibited the characteristic absorption peaks of phosphorous-containing groups and an increase in gas-phase volatiles during thermal degradation. The morphological structures of the residues indicated that PN-DOPO and Sep@AlPO4 mixtures produced a more dense and continuous char layer on the composite surface during burning. Rheological behaviour revealed that higher complex viscosity and modulus values of PEO/PBAT/PN-DOPO/Sep@AlPO4 sample could also promote the crosslinking network structure of condensed phases during combustion. Furthermore, the PEO/PBAT/PN-DOPO/Sep@AlPO4 composites exhibited superior elongation at break and flexural performance than the PEO/PBAT system. All results demonstrated that the PEO/PBAT system modified with PN-DOPO/Sep@AlPO4 showed remarkable flame retardance, and improved thermal stability and mechanical properties, indicating its potential application in areas requiring fire safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weijiang Huang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, China; (C.T.); (Q.T.); (K.W.); (C.Y.); (C.M.); (X.X.)
- National Engineering Research Center for Compounding and Modification of Polymer Materials, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Chunyun Tu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, China; (C.T.); (Q.T.); (K.W.); (C.Y.); (C.M.); (X.X.)
| | - Qin Tian
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, China; (C.T.); (Q.T.); (K.W.); (C.Y.); (C.M.); (X.X.)
- National Engineering Research Center for Compounding and Modification of Polymer Materials, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Kui Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, China; (C.T.); (Q.T.); (K.W.); (C.Y.); (C.M.); (X.X.)
| | - Chunlin Yang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, China; (C.T.); (Q.T.); (K.W.); (C.Y.); (C.M.); (X.X.)
| | - Chao Ma
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, China; (C.T.); (Q.T.); (K.W.); (C.Y.); (C.M.); (X.X.)
| | - Xiaolu Xu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, China; (C.T.); (Q.T.); (K.W.); (C.Y.); (C.M.); (X.X.)
| | - Wei Yan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, China; (C.T.); (Q.T.); (K.W.); (C.Y.); (C.M.); (X.X.)
- National Engineering Research Center for Compounding and Modification of Polymer Materials, Guiyang 550014, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Deterioration of microwave dielectric properties of low-loss thermosetting polyphenylene oxide/hydrocarbon resin induced by short-term thermo-oxidative aging. Polym Degrad Stab 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2022.110193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
3
|
Sun Y, Zhong S, Luo Q, Yu B, Song J, Tan D. A vanillin‐derived flame retardant based on 2‐aminopyrimidine for enhanced flame retardancy and mechanical properties of epoxy resin. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Sun
- School of Life Science and Technology Lingnan Normal University Zhanjiang People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety Zhanjiang Guangdong China
| | - Saiyi Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety Zhanjiang Guangdong China
- College Food Science and Technology Guangdong Ocean University Zhanjiang Guangdong People's Republic of China
| | - Qinqin Luo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lingnan Normal University Zhanjiang People's Republic of China
| | - Biao Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lingnan Normal University Zhanjiang People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangli Song
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lingnan Normal University Zhanjiang People's Republic of China
| | - Dexin Tan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lingnan Normal University Zhanjiang People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang W, Zheng C, Zhang Y, Guo W. Preparation and Characterization of Flame-Retarded Poly(butylene terephthalate)/Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Blends: Effect of Content and Type of Flame Retardant. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11111784. [PMID: 31683625 PMCID: PMC6918192 DOI: 10.3390/polym11111784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A flame retardant named TAD was synthesized by the reaction of 9,10-Dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide and triallyl isocyanurate at first. Then, novel flameretarded materials based on PBT and PET resin were formulated via melt blending with TAD, expandable graphite (EG), and a mixture of both. The effect of flame retardant type and TAD content on the flame behavior of PBT/PET blend was carefully investigated. TAD contributed towards higher LOI value and better UL-94 performance than EG. However, the best V-0 rating in the UL-94 test was achieved by the incorporation of TAD/EG mixture into the resin matrix. TAD/EG combination exhibited clear synergistic effect on both reducing the flaming intensity and increasing the residual char layer, as confirmed by cone calorimeter tests and TGA results. SEM images combined with XPS analysis revealed that expansion and migration of EG locked the P-containing radicals from decomposing TAD into the condensed phase, which led to the formation of compact and continuous char layers. All the results in our studies demonstrate that incorporation of TAD with a charring agent EG is an effective and promising technique to develop flame-retarded PBT/PET material, which has high potential for applications in the areas of electronic devices, household products, and automotive parts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weizhou Zhang
- Polymer Processing Lab, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Cheng Zheng
- Polymer Processing Lab, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Yuhui Zhang
- Polymer Processing Lab, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Weihong Guo
- Polymer Processing Lab, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang J, Li Z, Wang Y, Li Q, Chen L, Shi H, Hao J. Controllable layer-by-layer assembly based on brucite and alginates with the assistance of spray drying and flame retardancy influenced by gradients of alginates. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Wang
- National Engineering Technology Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering; Beijing Institute of Technology; Beijing 100081 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhipeng Li
- National Engineering Technology Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering; Beijing Institute of Technology; Beijing 100081 People's Republic of China
| | - Yiliang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 People's Republic of China
| | - Qimin Li
- National Engineering Technology Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering; Beijing Institute of Technology; Beijing 100081 People's Republic of China
| | - Lamei Chen
- National Engineering Technology Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering; Beijing Institute of Technology; Beijing 100081 People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Shi
- National Engineering Technology Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering; Beijing Institute of Technology; Beijing 100081 People's Republic of China
| | - Jianwei Hao
- National Engineering Technology Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering; Beijing Institute of Technology; Beijing 100081 People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu Z, Qiu Y, Qian L, Chen Y, Xu B. Strengthen flame retardancy of epoxy thermoset by montmorillonite particles adhering phosphorus‐containing fragments. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Liu
- School of Materials Science and Mechanical EngineeringBeijing Technology and Business University Beijing People's Republic of China
- Engineering Laboratory of Non‐Halogen Flame Retardants for Polymers Beijing 100048 People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation Technology for Hygiene and Safety of Plastics Beijing 100048 People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Qiu
- School of Materials Science and Mechanical EngineeringBeijing Technology and Business University Beijing People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation Technology for Hygiene and Safety of Plastics Beijing 100048 People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun Qian
- School of Materials Science and Mechanical EngineeringBeijing Technology and Business University Beijing People's Republic of China
- Engineering Laboratory of Non‐Halogen Flame Retardants for Polymers Beijing 100048 People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation Technology for Hygiene and Safety of Plastics Beijing 100048 People's Republic of China
| | - Yajun Chen
- School of Materials Science and Mechanical EngineeringBeijing Technology and Business University Beijing People's Republic of China
- Engineering Laboratory of Non‐Halogen Flame Retardants for Polymers Beijing 100048 People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation Technology for Hygiene and Safety of Plastics Beijing 100048 People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Xu
- School of Materials Science and Mechanical EngineeringBeijing Technology and Business University Beijing People's Republic of China
- Engineering Laboratory of Non‐Halogen Flame Retardants for Polymers Beijing 100048 People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation Technology for Hygiene and Safety of Plastics Beijing 100048 People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Dong Q, Chen K, Jin X, Sun S, Tian Y, Wang F, Liu P, Yang M. Investigation of Flame Retardant Flexible Polyurethane Foams Containing DOPO Immobilized Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E75. [PMID: 30960059 PMCID: PMC6402015 DOI: 10.3390/polym11010075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, a multi-functional nanoparticle (TiO₂-KH570-DOPO) has been successfully synthesized through the attachment of 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO)-methacryloxy propyl trimethoxyl silane on the surface of titanium dioxide (TiO₂). Supercritical carbon dioxide was used as the solvent in order to increase the grafting level. The chemical structure of TiO₂-KH570-DOPO was fully characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectra, thermogravimetric analysis and transmission electron microscopy. The modified TiO₂ was incorporated into flexible polyurethane foam (FPUF). The fire performance of FPUF blends was evaluated using microscale combustion calorimetry. Peak heat release rate and total heat release values were reduced from 657.0 W/g and 28.9 kJ/g for neat FPUF sample to 519.2 W/g and 26.8 kJ/g of FPUF specimen containing 10 wt % of TiO₂-KH570-DOPO. Analysis of thermal stability and the observation of char formation suggests that TiO₂-KH570-DOPO is active in the condensed phase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quanxiao Dong
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100024, China.
- Railway Engineering Research Institute, China Academy of Railway Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Keyu Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100024, China.
| | - Xiaodong Jin
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100024, China.
| | - Shibing Sun
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100024, China.
| | - Yingliang Tian
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100024, China.
| | - Feng Wang
- National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Peng Liu
- National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Mingshu Yang
- National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Huang W, He W, Long L, Yan W, He M, Qin S, Yu J. Highly efficient flame-retardant glass-fiber-reinforced polyamide 6T system based on a novel DOPO-based derivative: Flame retardancy, thermal decomposition, and pyrolysis behavior. Polym Degrad Stab 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|