1
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Chen R, Hammoud A, Aoun P, Martínez-Aguirre MA, Vanthuyne N, Maruchenko R, Brocorens P, Bouteiller L, Raynal M. Switchable supramolecular helices for asymmetric stereodivergent catalysis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4116. [PMID: 38750046 PMCID: PMC11096402 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48412-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite recent developments on the design of dynamic catalysts, none of them have been exploited for the in-situ control of multiple stereogenic centers in a single molecular scaffold. We report herein that it is possible to obtain in majority any amongst the four possible stereoisomers of an amino alcohol by means of a switchable asymmetric catalyst built on supramolecular helices. Hydrogen-bonded assemblies between a benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamide (BTA) achiral phosphine ligand coordinated to copper and a chiral BTA comonomer are engaged in a copper-hydride catalyzed hydrosilylation and hydroamination cascade process. The nature of the product stereoisomer is related to the handedness of the helices and can thus be directed in a predictable way by changing the nature of the major enantiomer of the BTA comonomer present in the assemblies. The strategy allows all stereoisomers to be obtained one-pot with similar selectivities by conducting the cascade reaction in a concomitant manner, i.e. without inverting the handedness of the helices, or sequentially, i.e. by switching the handedness of the supramolecular helices between the hydrosilylation and hydroamination steps. Supramolecular helical catalysts appear as a unique and versatile platform to control the configuration of molecules or polymers embedding several stereogenic centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Chen
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, Equipe Chimie des Polymères, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Ahmad Hammoud
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, Equipe Chimie des Polymères, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Paméla Aoun
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, Equipe Chimie des Polymères, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Mayte A Martínez-Aguirre
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, Equipe Chimie des Polymères, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Vanthuyne
- Aix Marseille Université, Centrale Marseille, CNRS, iSm2, UMR 7313, 13397, Marseille, Cedex 20, France
| | - Régina Maruchenko
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, Equipe Chimie des Polymères, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Patrick Brocorens
- Service de Chimie des Matériaux Nouveaux, Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux, Université de Mons, 20B-7000, 20 B-7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Laurent Bouteiller
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, Equipe Chimie des Polymères, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Matthieu Raynal
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, Equipe Chimie des Polymères, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France.
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2
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Célerse F, Wodrich MD, Vela S, Gallarati S, Fabregat R, Juraskova V, Corminboeuf C. From Organic Fragments to Photoswitchable Catalysts: The OFF-ON Structural Repository for Transferable Kernel-Based Potentials. J Chem Inf Model 2024; 64:1201-1212. [PMID: 38319296 PMCID: PMC10900300 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.3c01953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Structurally and conformationally diverse databases are needed to train accurate neural networks or kernel-based potentials capable of exploring the complex free energy landscape of flexible functional organic molecules. Curating such databases for species beyond "simple" drug-like compounds or molecules composed of well-defined building blocks (e.g., peptides) is challenging as it requires thorough chemical space mapping and evaluation of both chemical and conformational diversities. Here, we introduce the OFF-ON (organic fragments from organocatalysts that are non-modular) database, a repository of 7869 equilibrium and 67,457 nonequilibrium geometries of organic compounds and dimers aimed at describing conformationally flexible functional organic molecules, with an emphasis on photoswitchable organocatalysts. The relevance of this database is then demonstrated by training a local kernel regression model on a low-cost semiempirical baseline and comparing it with a PBE0-D3 reference for several known catalysts, notably the free energy surfaces of exemplary photoswitchable organocatalysts. Our results demonstrate that the OFF-ON data set offers reliable predictions for simulating the conformational behavior of virtually any (photoswitchable) organocatalyst or organic compound composed of H, C, N, O, F, and S atoms, thereby opening a computationally feasible route to explore complex free energy surfaces in order to rationalize and predict catalytic behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Célerse
- Laboratory
for Computational Molecular Design (LCMD), Institute of Chemical Sciences
and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Matthew D. Wodrich
- Laboratory
for Computational Molecular Design (LCMD), Institute of Chemical Sciences
and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
- National
Center for Competence in Research-Catalysis (NCCR-Catalysis), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Sergi Vela
- Laboratory
for Computational Molecular Design (LCMD), Institute of Chemical Sciences
and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Simone Gallarati
- Laboratory
for Computational Molecular Design (LCMD), Institute of Chemical Sciences
and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Raimon Fabregat
- Laboratory
for Computational Molecular Design (LCMD), Institute of Chemical Sciences
and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Veronika Juraskova
- Laboratory
for Computational Molecular Design (LCMD), Institute of Chemical Sciences
and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Clémence Corminboeuf
- Laboratory
for Computational Molecular Design (LCMD), Institute of Chemical Sciences
and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
- National
Center for Competence in Research-Catalysis (NCCR-Catalysis), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
- National
Centre for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
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3
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Wei HZ, Wei Y, Shi M. Synthesis and Characterization of Photoswitchable Dithienylethene-Based Chiral Bisoxazoline Compounds with Bidirectional Visible-Light Control. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202300633. [PMID: 37584248 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202300633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we have successfully synthesized dithienylethene-based chiral bisoxazoline ligands with bidirectional photoswitching capabilities under visible light irradiation and proposed a strategy for adjusting the conjugation system length in sensitizer groups. The detailed experimental procedures and the characterization data are presented in the main text and the Supporting Information. Despite their moderate photoswitching rates, these ligands provide a promising approach towards developing fully visible light-responsive chiral catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Zhao Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Min Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
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4
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Majee D, Ramanauskaite G, Presolski S. Electronic Influences on the Dynamic Range of Photoswitchable Dithienylethene-Thiourea Organocatalysts. J Org Chem 2023; 88:4372-4378. [PMID: 36939093 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
Thiourea-based organocatalysts bearing a photoswitchable dithienylethene (DTE) core and a wide range of substituents were prepared and extensively tested for their ability to accelerate the Michael reaction between acetylacetone and trans-β-nitrostyrene. There is a strong correlation between the Hammett parameter of the modulating groups and catalytic activity following UV irradiation. Electron-withdrawing groups afford the largest reactivity difference between the catalysts in their ring-open form and their ring-closed isomer, with evidence for electronic coupling between the two halves in both oDTE and cDTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debashis Majee
- Division of Science, Yale-NUS College, Singapore 138527, Singapore
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5
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Gallarati S, Fabregat R, Juraskova V, Inizan TJ, Corminboeuf C. How Robust Is the Reversible Steric Shielding Strategy for Photoswitchable Organocatalysts? J Org Chem 2022; 87:8849-8857. [PMID: 35762705 PMCID: PMC9295146 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A highly appealing strategy to modulate a catalyst's activity and/or selectivity in a dynamic and noninvasive way is to incorporate a photoresponsive unit into a catalytically competent molecule. However, the description of the photoinduced conformational or structural changes that alter the catalyst's intrinsic reactivity is often reduced to a handful of intuitive static representations, which can struggle to capture the complexity of flexible organocatalysts. Here, we show how a comprehensive exploration of the free energy landscape of N-alkylated azobenzene-tethered piperidine catalysts is essential to unravel the conformational characteristics of each configurational state and explain the experimentally observed reactivity trends. Mapping the catalysts' conformational space highlights the existence of false ON or OFF states that lower their switching ability. Our findings expose the challenges associated with the realization of a reversible steric shielding for the photocontrol of Brønsted basicity of piperidine photoswitchable organocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Gallarati
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Raimon Fabregat
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Veronika Juraskova
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Theo Jaffrelot Inizan
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Clemence Corminboeuf
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland.,National Center for Competence in Research─Catalysis (NCCR-Catalysis), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland.,National Center for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
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6
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Barsoum DN, Kirinda VC, Kang B, Kalow JA. Remote-Controlled Exchange Rates by Photoswitchable Internal Catalysis of Dynamic Covalent Bonds. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:10168-10173. [PMID: 35640074 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c04658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The transesterification rate of boronate esters with diols is tunable over 14 orders of magnitude. Rate acceleration is achieved by internal base catalysis, which lowers the barrier for proton transfer. Here we report a photoswitchable internal catalyst that tunes the rate of boronic ester/diol exchange over 4 orders of magnitude. We employed an acylhydrazone molecular photoswitch, which forms a thermally stable but photoreversible intramolecular H-bond, to gate the activity of the internal base catalyst in 8-quinoline boronic ester. The photoswitch is bidirectional and can be cycled repeatedly. The intramolecular H-bond is found to be essential to the design of this photoswitchable internal catalyst, as protonating the quinoline with external sources of acid has little effect on the exchange rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- David N Barsoum
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Viraj C Kirinda
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Boyeong Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Julia A Kalow
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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7
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Olivo G, Capocasa G, Del Giudice D, Lanzalunga O, Di Stefano S. New horizons for catalysis disclosed by supramolecular chemistry. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:7681-7724. [PMID: 34008654 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00175b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The adoption of a supramolecular approach in catalysis promises to address a number of unmet challenges, ranging from activity (unlocking of novel reaction pathways) to selectivity (alteration of the innate selectivity of a reaction, e.g. selective functionalization of C-H bonds) and regulation (switch ON/OFF, sequential catalysis, etc.). Supramolecular tools such as reversible association and recognition, pre-organization of reactants and stabilization of transition states upon binding offer a unique chance to achieve the above goals disclosing new horizons whose potential is being increasingly recognized and used, sometimes reaching the degree of ripeness for practical use. This review summarizes the main developments that have opened such new frontiers, with the aim of providing a guide to researchers approaching the field. We focus on artificial supramolecular catalysts of defined stoichiometry which, under homogeneous conditions, unlock outcomes that are highly difficult if not impossible to attain otherwise, namely unnatural reactivity or selectivity and catalysis regulation. The different strategies recently explored in supramolecular catalysis are concisely presented, and, for each one, a single or very few examples is/are described (mainly last 10 years, with only milestone older works discussed). The subject is divided into four sections in light of the key design principle: (i) nanoconfinement of reactants, (ii) recognition-driven catalysis, (iii) catalysis regulation by molecular machines and (iv) processive catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Olivo
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza", Dipartimento di Chimica and ISB-CNR Sede Secondaria di Roma - Meccanismi di Reazione, P.le A. Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Giorgio Capocasa
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza", Dipartimento di Chimica and ISB-CNR Sede Secondaria di Roma - Meccanismi di Reazione, P.le A. Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Daniele Del Giudice
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza", Dipartimento di Chimica and ISB-CNR Sede Secondaria di Roma - Meccanismi di Reazione, P.le A. Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Osvaldo Lanzalunga
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza", Dipartimento di Chimica and ISB-CNR Sede Secondaria di Roma - Meccanismi di Reazione, P.le A. Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Stefano Di Stefano
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza", Dipartimento di Chimica and ISB-CNR Sede Secondaria di Roma - Meccanismi di Reazione, P.le A. Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
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8
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Kondo M, Nakamura K, Krishnan CG, Takizawa S, Abe T, Sasai H. Photoswitchable Chiral Phase Transfer Catalyst. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Kondo
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Mihogaoka, Ibaraki-shi, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Kento Nakamura
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Mihogaoka, Ibaraki-shi, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Chandu G. Krishnan
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Mihogaoka, Ibaraki-shi, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Shinobu Takizawa
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Mihogaoka, Ibaraki-shi, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Abe
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Mihogaoka, Ibaraki-shi, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Sasai
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Mihogaoka, Ibaraki-shi, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
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9
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Del Giudice D, Spatola E, Cacciapaglia R, Casnati A, Baldini L, Ercolani G, Di Stefano S. Time Programmable Locking/Unlocking of the Calix[4]arene Scaffold by Means of Chemical Fuels. Chemistry 2020; 26:14954-14962. [PMID: 32757429 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we report that 2-cyano-2-phenylpropanoic acid and its p-Cl, p-CH3 and p-OCH3 derivatives can be used as chemical fuels to control the geometry of the calix[4]arene scaffold in its cone conformation. It is shown that, under the action of the fuel, the cone calix[4]arene platform assumes a "locked" shape with two opposite aromatic rings strongly convergent and the other two strongly divergent ("pinched cone" conformation). Only when the fuel is exhausted, the cone calix[4]arene scaffold returns to its resting, "unlocked" shape. Remarkably, the duration of the "locked" state can be controlled at will by varying the fuel structure or amount. A kinetic study of the process shows that the consume of the fuel is catalyzed by the "unlocked" calixarene that behaves as an autocatalyst for its own production. A mechanism is proposed for the reaction of fuel consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Del Giudice
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Roma La Sapienza and ISB-CNR Sede Secondaria di Roma-Meccanismi di Reazione, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Roma, Italy
| | - Emanuele Spatola
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Roma La Sapienza and ISB-CNR Sede Secondaria di Roma-Meccanismi di Reazione, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Roma, Italy
| | - Roberta Cacciapaglia
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Roma La Sapienza and ISB-CNR Sede Secondaria di Roma-Meccanismi di Reazione, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Roma, Italy
| | - Alessandro Casnati
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità, Ambientale, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Laura Baldini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità, Ambientale, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Ercolani
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133, Roma, Italy
| | - Stefano Di Stefano
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Roma La Sapienza and ISB-CNR Sede Secondaria di Roma-Meccanismi di Reazione, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Roma, Italy
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10
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Martinez-Cuezva A, Pastor A, Marin-Luna M, Diaz-Marin C, Bautista D, Alajarin M, Berna J. Cyclization of interlocked fumaramides into β-lactams: experimental and computational mechanistic assessment of the key intercomponent proton transfer and the stereocontrolling active pocket. Chem Sci 2020; 12:747-756. [PMID: 34163808 PMCID: PMC8178992 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc05757f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A detailed mechanistic study of the diastereoselective CsOH-promoted cyclization of interlocked fumaramides to give β-lactams is described. The mechanistic analysis comprises the experimental evaluation of the structure-reactivity relationship for a wide range of fumaramides [2]rotaxanes (Hammet-plots), KIE studies with deuterium-labelled interlocked fumaramides and computational analysis of two alternative mechanistic pathways for the cyclization process. The obtained results confirm that: (a) the rate-determining step is the deprotonation of the N-benzyl group of the thread by the amidate group of the macrocycle generated by the external base, (b) the polyamide macrocycle plays an important role not only as activating element but also as the stereodifferenciating factor responsible for the observed diastereoselection and (c) the higher flexibility of the adamantyl core speeds up the cyclization process in diadamantyl-derived rotaxanes. A mechanistic study of the diastereoselective cyclization of interlocked fumaramides to give β-lactams unveils the key factors for successfully taming the process.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Martinez-Cuezva
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum" 30100 Murcia Spain
| | - Aurelia Pastor
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum" 30100 Murcia Spain
| | - Marta Marin-Luna
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum" 30100 Murcia Spain
| | - Carmen Diaz-Marin
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum" 30100 Murcia Spain
| | | | - Mateo Alajarin
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum" 30100 Murcia Spain
| | - Jose Berna
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum" 30100 Murcia Spain
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12
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Grill K, Dube H. Supramolecular Relay-Control of Organocatalysis with a Hemithioindigo-Based Molecular Motor. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:19300-19307. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c09519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Grill
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Science CIPSM, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Henry Dube
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Science CIPSM, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
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13
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Arlegui A, Torres P, Cuesta V, Crusats J, Moyano A. A pH-Switchable Aqueous Organocatalysis with Amphiphilic Secondary Amine-Porphyrin Hybrids. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aitor Arlegui
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry; Section of Organic Chemistry; Universitat de Barcelona; Facultat de Química; C. Martí i Franquès 1-11 08028- Barcelona Catalonia Spain
| | - Pol Torres
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry; Section of Organic Chemistry; Universitat de Barcelona; Facultat de Química; C. Martí i Franquès 1-11 08028- Barcelona Catalonia Spain
| | - Victor Cuesta
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry; Section of Organic Chemistry; Universitat de Barcelona; Facultat de Química; C. Martí i Franquès 1-11 08028- Barcelona Catalonia Spain
| | - Joaquim Crusats
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry; Section of Organic Chemistry; Universitat de Barcelona; Facultat de Química; C. Martí i Franquès 1-11 08028- Barcelona Catalonia Spain
- Institute of Cosmos Science (IEE-ICC); Universitat de Barcelona; C. Martí i Franquès 1-11 08028- Barcelona Catalonia Spain
| | - Albert Moyano
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry; Section of Organic Chemistry; Universitat de Barcelona; Facultat de Química; C. Martí i Franquès 1-11 08028- Barcelona Catalonia Spain
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14
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The second-order NLO property of a photoswitchable heteroditpioc ion-pair receptor based on 2-pyridyl acylhydrazone linking with 2,6-pyridine bisamide: The impacts of metal cations and anions. J Mol Graph Model 2020; 100:107652. [PMID: 32659626 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2020.107652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A photoswitchable heteroditpioc ion-pair receptor E-1 and its isomeride Z-1 (without the anion binding site), that are based on the 2-pyridyl acylhydrazone linking 2,6-pyridine bisamide, have brought our attention to systematically explore the second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties by the density functional theory (DFT). In this work, we mainly studied the influences of metal cations (M = Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Hg2+ and Pb2+), anions (X = Cl-, Br- and I-) and ion-pair (NaCl, NaBr and NaI) on NLO responses for the receptor. In addition, the impacts of isomerization and poto-switching processes on NLO response for these systems also have been discussed detailedly. The results show that the isomerization process does not effectively adjust the NLO properties for our studied systems. But the poto-switching process that was triggered by light to capure or release ions plays an important role in improving the NLO properties. The receptors E-1 and Z-1 are excellent candidates to effectively detect metal cation Pb2+, because the first hyperpolarizability (βtot) values of E∗Pb2+ and Z∗Pb2+ increased by 13 times and 20 times relative to that of receptors E-1 (188.06 a.u.) and Z-1 (270.21 a.u.), respectively. In addition, the receptor E-1 has the possibility to detect anion I- due to the larger βtot values compared with other anion-complexes. However, the changes of NLO responses for ion-pair complexes are not obvious compared with corresponding anion-complexes. We are looking forward to the research would be beneficial for further theoretical and experimental studies on recognizing metal cations and anions based on large second-order NLO difference.
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15
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Martinez-Cuezva A, Saura-Sanmartin A, Alajarin M, Berna J. Mechanically Interlocked Catalysts for Asymmetric Synthesis. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Martinez-Cuezva
- Departamento de Quı́mica Orgánica, Facultad de Quı́mica, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, Universidad de Murcia, E-30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Adrian Saura-Sanmartin
- Departamento de Quı́mica Orgánica, Facultad de Quı́mica, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, Universidad de Murcia, E-30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Mateo Alajarin
- Departamento de Quı́mica Orgánica, Facultad de Quı́mica, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, Universidad de Murcia, E-30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Jose Berna
- Departamento de Quı́mica Orgánica, Facultad de Quı́mica, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, Universidad de Murcia, E-30100 Murcia, Spain
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16
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Pizzolato SF, Štacko P, Kistemaker JCM, van Leeuwen T, Feringa BL. Phosphoramidite-based photoresponsive ligands displaying multifold transfer of chirality in dynamic enantioselective metal catalysis. Nat Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1038/s41929-020-0452-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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17
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de Jong J, Feringa BL, Wezenberg SJ. Light-Modulated Self-Blockage of a Urea Binding Site in a Stiff-Stilbene Based Anion Receptor. Chemphyschem 2019; 20:3306-3310. [PMID: 31622003 PMCID: PMC6972635 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201900917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Anion binding to a receptor based on stiff-stilbene, which is equipped with a urea hydrogen bond donating group and a phosphate or phosphinate hydrogen bond accepting group, can be controlled by light. In one photoaddressable state (E isomer) the urea binding site is available for binding, while in the other (Z isomer) it is blocked because of an intramolecular interaction with its hydrogen bond accepting motif. This intramolecular interaction is supported by DFT calculations and 1 H NMR titrations reveal a significantly lower anion binding strength for the state in which anion binding is blocked. Furthermore, the molecular switching process has been studied in detail by UV/Vis and NMR spectroscopy. The presented approach opens up new opportunities toward the development of photoresponsive anion receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorn de Jong
- Stratingh Institute for ChemistryUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 49747 AGGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Ben L. Feringa
- Stratingh Institute for ChemistryUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 49747 AGGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Sander J. Wezenberg
- Stratingh Institute for ChemistryUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 49747 AGGroningenThe Netherlands
- Leiden Institute of ChemistryLeiden UniversityEinsteinweg 552333 CCLeidenThe Netherlands
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18
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Dommaschk M, Echavarren J, Leigh DA, Marcos V, Singleton TA. Dynamic Control of Chiral Space Through Local Symmetry Breaking in a Rotaxane Organocatalyst. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:14955-14958. [PMID: 31454135 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201908330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We report on a switchable rotaxane molecular shuttle that features a pseudo-meso 2,5-disubstituted pyrrolidine catalytic unit on the axle whose local symmetry is broken according to the position of a threaded benzylic amide macrocycle. The macrocycle can be selectively switched (with light in one direction; with catalytic acid in the other) with high fidelity between binding sites located to either side of the pyrrolidine unit. The position of the macrocycle dictates the facial bias of the rotaxane-catalyzed conjugate addition of aldehydes to vinyl sulfones. The pseudo-meso non-interlocked thread does not afford significant selectivity as a catalyst (2-14 % ee), whereas the rotaxane affords selectivities of up to 40 % ee with switching of the position of the macrocycle changing the handedness of the product formed (up to 60 % Δee).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Dommaschk
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Javier Echavarren
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - David A Leigh
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Vanesa Marcos
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Thomas A Singleton
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
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19
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Dommaschk M, Echavarren J, Leigh DA, Marcos V, Singleton TA. Dynamic Control of Chiral Space Through Local Symmetry Breaking in a Rotaxane Organocatalyst. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201908330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Dommaschk
- School of Chemistry University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Javier Echavarren
- School of Chemistry University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - David A. Leigh
- School of Chemistry University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Vanesa Marcos
- School of Chemistry University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Thomas A. Singleton
- School of Chemistry University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
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20
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Sivamuthuraman K, Kesavan V. Catalytic enantioselective Michael addition of 2-substituted benzofuran-3-ones to 2-enoyl pyridines. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:7166-7171. [PMID: 31328210 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01069f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An organocatalytic diastereo- and enantioselective synthesis of 2,2'-disubstituted benzofuran-3-ones bearing adjacent quaternary and tertiary stereocenters has been achieved through Michael addition of 2-substituted benzofuran-3-ones to 2-enoyl pyridines. Both the enantiomeric forms of the major diastereomer were obtained using l-proline derived squaramide and quinine derived bis squaramide with excellent yield (up to 98%) and stereoselectivities (up to 97 : 3 dr and 98% ee). The control experiment revealed that the presence and position of nitrogen atoms in the 2-enoylpyridine have played a crucial role in the stereochemical outcome of the product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koilpitchai Sivamuthuraman
- Koilpitchai Sivamuthuraman, Venkitasamy Kesavan, Chemical Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai-600036, India.
| | - Venkitasamy Kesavan
- Koilpitchai Sivamuthuraman, Venkitasamy Kesavan, Chemical Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai-600036, India.
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21
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Enantioselective, Organocatalytic, Dissymmetric 1,4- and 1,2-Addition of Malononitrile to a Keto-bisenone Followed by an Oxa-Michael Addition Cascade. Org Lett 2019; 21:5793-5797. [PMID: 31298544 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
An unprecedented enantioselective dissymmetric 1,4- and 1,2-addition of malononitrile to a keto-bisenone followed by an oxa-Michael addition cascade to trap the in situ generated unstable tertiary alcohol have been developed. The quinine-derived amino-squaramide bifunctional organocatalyst worked efficiently and provides the oxa-spiro-[4,4]-nonanes in good yields and excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivities (up to 99:1 dr and 99% ee). Notably, a complete chemoselective addition of a methylene unit to an aliphatic-tethered enone over the aromatic-tethered enone was observed.
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22
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Biagini C, Fielden SDP, Leigh DA, Schaufelberger F, Di Stefano S, Thomas D. Dissipative Catalysis with a Molecular Machine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:9876-9880. [PMID: 31111628 PMCID: PMC6900173 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201905250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report on catalysis by a fuel-induced transient state of a synthetic molecular machine. A [2]rotaxane molecular shuttle containing secondary ammonium/amine and thiourea stations is converted between catalytically inactive and active states by pulses of a chemical fuel (trichloroacetic acid), which is itself decomposed by the machine and/or the presence of additional base. The ON-state of the rotaxane catalyzes the reduction of a nitrostyrene by transfer hydrogenation. By varying the amount of fuel added, the lifetime of the rotaxane ON-state can be regulated and temporal control of catalysis achieved. The system can be pulsed with chemical fuel several times in succession, with each pulse activating catalysis for a time period determined by the amount of fuel added. Dissipative catalysis by synthetic molecular machines has implications for the future design of networks that feature communication and signaling between the components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Biagini
- School of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterOxford RoadM13 9PLManchesterUK
- Edificio Cannizzaro (VEC)Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità degli Studi di Roma “La Sapienza”Piazzale Aldo Moro 500185RomaItaly
| | | | - David A. Leigh
- School of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterOxford RoadM13 9PLManchesterUK
| | | | - Stefano Di Stefano
- Edificio Cannizzaro (VEC)Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità degli Studi di Roma “La Sapienza”Piazzale Aldo Moro 500185RomaItaly
| | - Dean Thomas
- School of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterOxford RoadM13 9PLManchesterUK
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23
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Shan C, Zhang T, Xiong Q, Yan H, Bai R, Lan Y. Hydrogen‐Bond‐Induced Chiral Axis Construction: Theoretical Study of Cinchonine–Thiourea‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Intramolecular Cycloaddition. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:2731-2736. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201900624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chunhui Shan
- Postdoctoral Station of Biomedical EngineeringChongqing University Chongqing 400030 P.R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringChongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational ChemistryChongqing University Chongqing 400030 P.R. China
| | - Qin Xiong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringChongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational ChemistryChongqing University Chongqing 400030 P.R. China
| | - Hailong Yan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug, ResearchSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesChongqing University Chongqing 400030 P.R. China
| | - Ruopeng Bai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringChongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational ChemistryChongqing University Chongqing 400030 P.R. China
| | - Yu Lan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringChongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational ChemistryChongqing University Chongqing 400030 P.R. China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringZhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 P.R. China
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24
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Biagini C, Fielden SDP, Leigh DA, Schaufelberger F, Di Stefano S, Thomas D. Dissipative Catalysis with a Molecular Machine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201905250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Biagini
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Manchester Oxford Road M13 9PL Manchester UK
- Edificio Cannizzaro (VEC)Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità degli Studi di Roma “La Sapienza” Piazzale Aldo Moro 5 00185 Roma Italy
| | | | - David A. Leigh
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Manchester Oxford Road M13 9PL Manchester UK
| | | | - Stefano Di Stefano
- Edificio Cannizzaro (VEC)Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità degli Studi di Roma “La Sapienza” Piazzale Aldo Moro 5 00185 Roma Italy
| | - Dean Thomas
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Manchester Oxford Road M13 9PL Manchester UK
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25
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Pianowski ZL. Recent Implementations of Molecular Photoswitches into Smart Materials and Biological Systems. Chemistry 2019; 25:5128-5144. [PMID: 30614091 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201805814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 12/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Light is a nearly ideal stimulus for molecular systems. It delivers information encoded in the form of wavelengths and their intensities with high precision in space and time. Light is a mild trigger that does not permanently contaminate targeted samples. Its energy can be reversibly transformed into molecular motion, polarity, or flexibility changes. This leads to sophisticated functions at the supramolecular and macroscopic levels, from light-triggered nanomaterials to photocontrol over biological systems. New methods and molecular adapters of light are reported almost daily. Recently reported applications of photoresponsive systems, particularly azobenzenes, spiropyrans, diarylethenes, and indigoids, for smart materials and photocontrol of biological setups are described herein with the aim to demonstrate that the 21st century has become the Age of Enlightenment-"Le siècle des Lumières"-in molecular sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zbigniew L Pianowski
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie, Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.,Institut für Toxikologie und Genetik, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie, Campus Nord, Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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26
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Dorel R, Feringa BL. Photoswitchable catalysis based on the isomerisation of double bonds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:6477-6486. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc01891c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Photoswitchable catalysis is a young but rapidly evolving field that offers great potential for non-invasive dynamic control of both activity and selectivity in catalysis. This Feature Article summarises the key developments accomplished over the past years through the incorporation of photoswitchable double bonds into the structure of catalytically competent molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Dorel
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials
- University of Groningen
- 9747 AG Groningen
- The Netherlands
| | - Ben L. Feringa
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials
- University of Groningen
- 9747 AG Groningen
- The Netherlands
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27
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Pizzolato S, Štacko P, Kistemaker JCM, van Leeuwen T, Otten E, Feringa BL. Central-to-Helical-to-Axial-to-Central Transfer of Chirality with a Photoresponsive Catalyst. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:17278-17289. [PMID: 30458108 PMCID: PMC6326533 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b10816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in molecular design have displayed striking examples of dynamic chirality transfer between various elements of chirality, e.g., from central to either helical or axial chirality and vice versa. While considerable progress in atroposelective synthesis has been made, it is intriguing to design chiral molecular switches able to provide selective and dynamic control of axial chirality with an external stimulus to modulate stereochemical functions. Here, we report the synthesis and characterization of a photoresponsive bis(2-phenol)-substituted molecular switch 1. The unique design exhibits a dynamic hybrid central-helical-axial transfer of chirality. The change of preferential axial chirality in the biaryl motif is coupled to the reversible switching of helicity of the overcrowded alkene core, dictated by the fixed stereogenic center. The potential for dynamic control of axial chirality was demonstrated by using ( R)-1 as switchable catalyst to direct the stereochemical outcome of the catalytic enantioselective addition of diethylzinc to aromatic aldehydes, with successful reversal of enantioselectivity for several substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano
F. Pizzolato
- Center for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry and Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials,
Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Štacko
- Center for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry and Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials,
Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jos C. M. Kistemaker
- Center for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry and Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials,
Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas van Leeuwen
- Center for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry and Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials,
Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin Otten
- Center for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry and Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials,
Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ben L. Feringa
- Center for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry and Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials,
Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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28
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Kokan Z, Chmielewski MJ. A Photoswitchable Heteroditopic Ion-Pair Receptor. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:16010-16014. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b08689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zoran Kokan
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warszawa, Poland
- Division of Materials Chemistry, Rud̵er Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Michał J. Chmielewski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warszawa, Poland
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29
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Abstract
In this paper we elaborate on recently developed molecular switch architectures and how these new systems can help with the realization of new functions and advancement of artificial molecular machines. Progress in chemically and photoinduced switches and motors is summarized and contextualized such that the reader may gain an appreciation for the novel tools that have come about in the past decade. Many of these systems offer distinct advantages over commonly employed switches, including improved fidelity, addressability, and robustness. Thus, this paper serves as a jumping-off point for researchers seeking new switching motifs for specific applications, or ones that address the limitations of presently available systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared D Harris
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755
| | - Mark J Moran
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755
| | - Ivan Aprahamian
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755
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30
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Wiedbrauk S, Bartelmann T, Thumser S, Mayer P, Dube H. Simultaneous complementary photoswitching of hemithioindigo tweezers for dynamic guest relocalization. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1456. [PMID: 29654233 PMCID: PMC5899155 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03912-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Remote control of complex molecular behavior and function is one key problem in modern chemistry. Using light signaling for this purpose has many advantages, however the integration of different photo processes into a wholesome yet complex system is highly challenging. Here we report an alternative approach to increase complexity of light control-simultaneous complementary photoswitching-in which spectral overlap is used as an advantage to drastically reduce the signaling needed for controlling multipart supramolecular assemblies. Two photoswitchable molecular tweezers respond to the same light signals with opposite changes in their binding affinities. In this way the configuration of two host tweezers and ultimately the dynamic relocation of a guest molecule can be trigged by only one signal reversibly in the same solution. This approach should provide a powerful tool for the construction of sophisticated, integrated, and multi-responsive smart molecular systems in any application driven field of chemistry. Controlling complex photoresponsive systems while minimizing light input is highly challenging. Here, the authors report two photoswitchable molecular tweezers responding to the same light signals with opposite changes in their binding affinities towards a guest molecule allowing for its “light-economic” relocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Wiedbrauk
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, München, 81377, Germany
| | - Thomas Bartelmann
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, München, 81377, Germany
| | - Stefan Thumser
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, München, 81377, Germany
| | - Peter Mayer
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, München, 81377, Germany
| | - Henry Dube
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, München, 81377, Germany.
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31
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Kumpulainen T, Qian J, Brouwer AM. Spectroscopic Study of a Cinchona Alkaloid-Catalyzed Henry Reaction. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:1871-1880. [PMID: 29503974 PMCID: PMC5830691 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A spectroscopic study of an organocatalytic Henry reaction between nitroalkanes and aldehydes catalyzed by a quinidine-derived Cinchona alkaloid is described. The binding modes of the reaction substrates are investigated using electronic absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy and further corroborated by nuclear magnetic resonance measurements. Aldehydes are shown to associate with both the 6'-OH group and the basic quinuclidine nitrogen of the catalyst, whereas nitroalkanes do not exhibit a clear binding mode. Reaction progress kinetic analysis reveals that the reaction is first-order in both of the substrates and the catalyst. Second, the reaction proceeds approximately five times faster in the excess of the nitroalkanes than in the excess of the aldehydes, suggesting that binding of the aldehydes results in the inhibition of the catalyst. Aldehydes deactivate the basic quinuclidine site, thus suppressing the deprotonation of the nitroalkanes which is the proposed initial step in the reaction cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Albert M. Brouwer
- Van’t Hoff Institute for Molecular
Sciences, Faculty of Science, University
of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94157, 1090 GD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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32
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van Dijk L, Tilby MJ, Szpera R, Smith OA, Bunce HAP, Fletcher SP. Molecular machines for catalysis. Nat Rev Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1038/s41570-018-0117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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