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Xu J, Li M, Xu S, Pei G, Zhao X, Kong C, Yang Z, Yang T, Hou GL. Stable Noble Gas Compounds Based on Superelectrophilic Anions [B 12 (BO) 11 ] - and [B 12 (OBO) 11 ] . Chemphyschem 2021; 22:2240-2246. [PMID: 34402158 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202100391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Superelectrophilic monoanions [B12 (BO)11 ]- and [B12 (OBO)11 ]- , generated from stable dianions [B12 (BO)12 ]2- and [B12 (OBO)12 ]2- , show great potential for binding with noble gases (Ngs). The binding energies, quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM), natural population analysis (NPA), energy decomposition analysis (EDA), and electron localization function (ELF) were carried out to understand the B-Ng bond in [B12 (BO)11 Ng]- and [B12 (OBO)11 Ng]- . The calculated results reveal that heavier noble gases (Ar, Kr, and Xe) bind covalently with both [B12 (BO)11 ]- and [B12 (OBO)11 ]- with large binding energies, making them potentially feasible to be synthesized. Only [B12 (OBO)11 ]- could form a covalent bond with helium or neon but the small binding energy of [B12 (OBO)11 He]- may pose a challenge for its experimental detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhi Xu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Non-Equilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mengyang Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Non-Equilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Song Xu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Non-Equilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Gerui Pei
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Non-Equilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xintian Zhao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Non-Equilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chuncai Kong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Non-Equilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhimao Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Non-Equilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Non-Equilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Gao-Lei Hou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Non-Equilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, China.,Quantum Solid-State Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
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Liu Z, He J, Li Y, Bai Y, Lin Q, Guo Y, Zhang F, Wu H, Jia J. Dative versus electron-sharing bonding in the isoelectronic argon compounds ArR + (R = CH 3, NH 2, OH, and F). NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj05326k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
For the series of isoelectronic ArR+ (R = CH3, NH2, OH, and F) complexes, the nature of the bonding between Ar and R shifts from an Ar → R+ dative σ bond in ArCH3+ and ArNH2+ to an Ar+–R electron-sharing σ bond in ArOH+ and ArF+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiling Liu
- School of Chemical and Material Science
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules & Magnetic Information Materials
- Ministry of Education
- Shanxi Normal University
- Linfen
| | - Jing He
- School of Chemical and Material Science
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules & Magnetic Information Materials
- Ministry of Education
- Shanxi Normal University
- Linfen
| | - Ya Li
- School of Chemical and Material Science
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules & Magnetic Information Materials
- Ministry of Education
- Shanxi Normal University
- Linfen
| | - Yan Bai
- School of Chemical and Material Science
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules & Magnetic Information Materials
- Ministry of Education
- Shanxi Normal University
- Linfen
| | - Qingyang Lin
- School of Chemical and Material Science
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules & Magnetic Information Materials
- Ministry of Education
- Shanxi Normal University
- Linfen
| | - Yurong Guo
- School of Chemical and Material Science
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules & Magnetic Information Materials
- Ministry of Education
- Shanxi Normal University
- Linfen
| | - Fuqiang Zhang
- School of Chemical and Material Science
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules & Magnetic Information Materials
- Ministry of Education
- Shanxi Normal University
- Linfen
| | - Haishun Wu
- School of Chemical and Material Science
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules & Magnetic Information Materials
- Ministry of Education
- Shanxi Normal University
- Linfen
| | - Jianfeng Jia
- School of Chemical and Material Science
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules & Magnetic Information Materials
- Ministry of Education
- Shanxi Normal University
- Linfen
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Rohdenburg M, Azov VA, Warneke J. New Perspectives in the Noble Gas Chemistry Opened by Electrophilic Anions. Front Chem 2020; 8:580295. [PMID: 33282830 PMCID: PMC7691601 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.580295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Binding of noble gases (NGs) is commonly considered to be the realm of highly reactive electophiles with cationic or at least non-charged character. Herein, we summarize our latest results evidencing that the incorporation of a strongly electrophilic site within a rigid cage-like anionic structure offers several advantages that facilitate the binding of noble gases and stabilize the formed NG adducts. The anionic superelectrophiles investigated by us are based on the closo-dodecaborate dianion scaffold. The record holder [B12(CN)11]− binds spontaneously almost all members of the NG family, including the very inert argon at room temperature and neon at 50 K in the gas phase of mass spectrometers. In this perspective, we summarize the argumentation for the advantages of anionic electrophiles in binding of noble gases and explain them in detail using several examples. Then we discuss the next steps necessary to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the binding properties of electrophilic anions with NGs. Finally, we discuss the perspective to prepare bulk ionic materials containing NG derivatives of the anionic superelectophiles. In particular, we explore the role of counterions using computational methods and discuss the methodology, which may be used for the actual preparation of such salts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Rohdenburg
- Fachbereich 2-Biologie/Chemie, Institut für Angewandte und Physikalische Chemie, Universität Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Vladimir A Azov
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Jonas Warneke
- Wilhelm-Ostwald-Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Leipzig, Germany
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Mazej Z. Noble-Gas Chemistry More than Half a Century after the First Report of the Noble-Gas Compound. Molecules 2020; 25:E3014. [PMID: 32630333 PMCID: PMC7412050 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25133014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent development in the synthesis and characterization of noble-gas compounds is reviewed, i.e., noble-gas chemistry reported in the last five years with emphasis on the publications issued after 2017. XeF2 is commercially available and has a wider practical application both in the laboratory use and in the industry. As a ligand it can coordinate to metal centers resulting in [M(XeF2)x]n+ salts. With strong Lewis acids, XeF2 acts as a fluoride ion donor forming [XeF]+ or [Xe2F3]+ salts. Latest examples are [Xe2F3][RuF6]·XeF2, [Xe2F3][RuF6] and [Xe2F3][IrF6]. Adducts NgF2·CrOF4 and NgF2·2CrOF4 (Ng = Xe, Kr) were synthesized and structurally characterized at low temperatures. The geometry of XeF6 was studied in solid argon and neon matrices. Xenon hexafluoride is a well-known fluoride ion donor forming various [XeF5]+ and [Xe2F11]+ salts. A large number of crystal structures of previously known or new [XeF5]+ and [Xe2F11]+ salts were reported, i.e., [Xe2F11][SbF6], [XeF5][SbF6], [XeF5][Sb2F11], [XeF5][BF4], [XeF5][TiF5], [XeF5]5[Ti10F45], [XeF5][Ti3F13], [XeF5]2[MnF6], [XeF5][MnF5], [XeF5]4[Mn8F36], [Xe2F11]2[SnF6], [Xe2F11]2[PbF6], [XeF5]4[Sn5F24], [XeF5][Xe2F11][CrVOF5]·2CrVIOF4, [XeF5]2[CrIVF6]·2CrVIOF4, [Xe2F11]2[CrIVF6], [XeF5]2[CrV2O2F8], [XeF5]2[CrV2O2F8]·2HF, [XeF5]2[CrV2O2F8]·2XeOF4, A[XeF5][SbF6]2 (A = Rb, Cs), Cs[XeF5][BixSb1-xF6]2 (x = ~0.37-0.39), NO2XeF5(SbF6)2, XeF5M(SbF6)3 (M = Ni, Mg, Zn, Co, Cu, Mn and Pd) and (XeF5)3[Hg(HF)]2(SbF6)7. Despite its extreme sensitivity, many new XeO3 adducts were synthesized, i.e., the 15-crown adduct of XeO3, adducts of XeO3 with triphenylphosphine oxide, dimethylsulfoxide and pyridine-N-oxide, and adducts between XeO3 and N-bases (pyridine and 4-dimethylaminopyridine). [Hg(KrF2)8][AsF6]2·2HF is a new example of a compound in which KrF2 serves as a ligand. Numerous new charged species of noble gases were reported (ArCH2+, ArOH+, [ArB3O4]+, [ArB3O5]+, [ArB4O6]+, [ArB5O7]+, [B12(CN)11Ne]-). Molecular ion HeH+ was finally detected in interstellar space. The discoveries of Na2He and ArNi at high pressure were reported. Bonding motifs in noble-gas compounds are briefly commented on in the last paragraph of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoran Mazej
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Technology, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Mayer M, Rohdenburg M, van Lessen V, Nierstenhöfer MC, Aprà E, Grabowsky S, Asmis KR, Jenne C, Warneke J. First steps towards a stable neon compound: observation and bonding analysis of [B 12(CN) 11Ne] . Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:4591-4594. [PMID: 32207481 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc01423k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Noble gas (Ng) containing molecular anions are much scarcer than Ng containing cations. No neon containing anion has been reported so far. Here, the experimental observation of the molecular anion [B12(CN)11Ne]- and a theoretical analysis of the boron-neon bond is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Mayer
- Wilhelm-Ostwald-Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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Abstract
Chemically binding to argon (Ar) at room temperature has remained the privilege of the most reactive electrophiles, all of which are cationic (or even dicationic) in nature. Herein, we report a concept for the rational design of anionic superelectrophiles that are composed of a strong electrophilic center firmly embedded in a negatively charged framework of exceptional stability. To validate our concept, we synthesized the percyano-dodecoborate [B12(CN)12]2-, the electronically most stable dianion ever investigated experimentally. It serves as a precursor for the generation of the monoanion [B12(CN)11]-, which indeed spontaneously binds Ar at 298 K. Our mass spectrometric and spectroscopic studies are accompanied by high-level computational investigations including a bonding analysis of the exceptional B-Ar bond. The detection and characterization of this highly reactive, structurally stable anionic superelectrophile starts another chapter in the metal-free activation of particularly inert compounds and elements.
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Edel K, Ishibashi JSA, Liu SY, Bettinger HF. Superelectrophilicity of 1,2-Azaborine: Formation of Xenon and Carbon Monoxide Adducts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:4061-4064. [PMID: 30786120 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201813503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The BN analogue of ortho-benzyne, 1,2-azaborine, is shown to bind carbon monoxide and a xenon atom under matrix isolation conditions, demonstrating its strongly Lewis acidic superelectrophilic nature. The Lewis acid-base complexes involving CO and Xe can be cleaved photochemically and reformed by mildly annealing the matrices. The interaction energy of 1,2-azaborine with Xe is 3 kcal mol-1 according to quantum chemical computations, and is similar to that of the superelectrophilic carbene difluorovinylidene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klara Edel
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jacob S A Ishibashi
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, 02467-3860, USA
| | - Shih-Yuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, 02467-3860, USA
| | - Holger F Bettinger
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
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Edel K, Ishibashi JSA, Liu S, Bettinger HF. Superelektrophilie des 1,2‐Azaborins: Bildung von Addukten mit Xenon und Kohlenmonoxid. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201813503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Klara Edel
- Institut für Organische ChemieUniversität Tübingen Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Deutschland
| | | | - Shih‐Yuan Liu
- Department of ChemistryBoston College Chestnut Hill Massachusetts 02467-3860 USA
| | - Holger F. Bettinger
- Institut für Organische ChemieUniversität Tübingen Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Deutschland
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Xu B, Li L, Yu W, Huang T, Wang X. Matrix Infrared Spectra and Theoretical Calculations of Fluoroboryl Complexes F2B–MF (M = C, Si, Ge, Sn and Pb). J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:7301-7311. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b04437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Xu
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Li Li
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Wenjie Yu
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Tengfei Huang
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
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Wagner JP, McDonald DC, Duncan MA. An Argon–Oxygen Covalent Bond in the ArOH
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Molecular Ion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201802093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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12
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Wagner JP, McDonald DC, Duncan MA. An Argon–Oxygen Covalent Bond in the ArOH
+
Molecular Ion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:5081-5085. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201802093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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