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Nishikata T. α-Halocarbonyls as a Valuable Functionalized Tertiary Alkyl Source. ChemistryOpen 2024:e202400108. [PMID: 38989712 DOI: 10.1002/open.202400108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This review introduces the synthetic organic chemical value of α-bromocarbonyl compounds with tertiary carbons. This α-bromocarbonyl compound with a tertiary carbon has been used primarily only as a radical initiator in atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) reactions. However, with the recent development of photo-radical reactions (around 2010), research on the use of α-bromocarbonyl compounds as tertiary alkyl radical precursors became popular (around 2012). As more examples were reported, α-bromocarbonyl compounds were studied not only as radicals but also for their applications in organometallic and ionic reactions. That is, α-bromocarbonyl compounds act as nucleophiles as well as electrophiles. The carbonyl group of α-bromocarbonyl compounds is also attractive because it allows the skeleton to be converted after the reaction, and it is being applied to total synthesis. In our survey until 2022, α-bromocarbonyl compounds can be used to perform a full range of reactions necessary for organic synthesis, including multi-component reactions, cross-coupling, substitution, cyclization, rearrangement, stereospecific reactions, asymmetric reactions. α-Bromocarbonyl compounds have created a new trend in tertiary alkylation, which until then had limited reaction patterns in organic synthesis. This review focuses on how α-bromocarbonyl compounds can be used in synthetic organic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Nishikata
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8611, Japan
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2
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Miralles-Comins S, Zanatta M, Gualdrón-Reyes AF, Rodriguez-Pereira J, Mora-Seró I, Sans V. Polymeric ionic liquid-based formulations for the fabrication of highly stable perovskite nanocrystal composites for photocatalytic applications. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:4962-4971. [PMID: 36786242 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr07254h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Halide perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs) have emerged as potential visible-light photocatalysts because of their outstanding intrinsic properties, including high absorption coefficient and tolerance to defects, which reduces non-radiative recombination, and high oxidizing/reducing power coming from their tuneable band structure. Nevertheless, their sensitivity to humidity, light, heat and water represents a great challenge that limits their applications in solar driven photocatalytic applications. Herein, we demonstrate the synergistic potential of embedding PNCs into polymeric ionic liquids (PILs@PS) to fabricate suitable composites for photodegradation of organic dyes. In this context, the stability of the PNCs after polymeric encapsulation was enhanced, showing better light, moisture, water and thermal stability compared to pristine PNCs for around 200 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Miralles-Comins
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I (UJI), Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Castellón, Spain.
| | - Marcileia Zanatta
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I (UJI), Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Castellón, Spain.
| | - Andrés F Gualdrón-Reyes
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I (UJI), Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Castellón, Spain.
- Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Ciencias Químicas, Isla Teja, Universidad Austral de Chile, 5090000, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Jhonatan Rodriguez-Pereira
- Center of Materials and Nanotechnologies, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Nam. Cs. Legii 565, 53002 Pardubice, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova, 123,612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Iván Mora-Seró
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I (UJI), Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Castellón, Spain.
| | - Víctor Sans
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I (UJI), Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Castellón, Spain.
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3
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Ogawa T, Sinha N, Pfund B, Prescimone A, Wenger OS. Molecular Design Principles to Elongate the Metal-to-Ligand Charge Transfer Excited-State Lifetimes of Square-Planar Nickel(II) Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:21948-21960. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c08838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Ogawa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Narayan Sinha
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Björn Pfund
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alessandro Prescimone
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Oliver S. Wenger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
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4
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Esezobor OZ, Zeng W, Niederegger L, Grübel M, Hess CR. Co-Mabiq Flies Solo: Light-Driven Markovnikov-Selective C- and N-Alkylation of Indoles and Indazoles without a Cocatalyst. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:2994-3004. [PMID: 35157421 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c10930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Indoles and indazoles are common moieties in pharmaceuticals and naturally occurring bioactive compounds. The development of light-driven methods using earth-abundant transition-metal catalysts offers an attractive route for functionalization of such compounds. Herein, we report a visible-light-induced method for the C3- and N-alkylation of indoles and indazoles with styrenes, catalyzed by Co complexes based on the macrocyclic Mabiq ligand (Mabiq = 2-4:6-8-bis(3,3,4,4-tetramethyldihydropyrrolo)-10-15-(2,2'-biquinazolino)-[15]-1,3,5,8,10,14-hexaene-1,3,7,9,11,14-N6). The photochemical behavior of two CoIII catalysts was examined: Co(Mabiq)Cl2 and the newly synthesized Co(MabiqBr)Cl2, which contains the Br-modified ligand. Both complexes undergo visible-light-induced homolysis that is significant to their activity but exhibit differences in reactivity. The alkylation reactions are regioselective, furnishing the alkylated indole and indazole products in a Markovnikov fashion with excellent yields of up to 96% across a broad range of substrates. Notably, in contrast to dual-transition-metal and photoredox-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions, our studies reveal that the Co complex plays a dual role─as a photosensitizer and catalytically active metal center with the Mabiq ligand offering regiocontrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oaikhena Zekeri Esezobor
- Technical University of Munich, Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Wenyi Zeng
- Technical University of Munich, Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Lukas Niederegger
- Technical University of Munich, Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Michael Grübel
- Technical University of Munich, Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Corinna R Hess
- Technical University of Munich, Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
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5
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Visible-light-induced, autopromoted nickel-catalyzed three-component arylsulfonation of 1,3-enynes and mechanistic in-sights. Sci China Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-021-1193-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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6
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Wegeberg C, Wenger OS. Luminescent First-Row Transition Metal Complexes. JACS AU 2021; 1:1860-1876. [PMID: 34841405 PMCID: PMC8611671 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Precious and rare elements have traditionally dominated inorganic photophysics and photochemistry, but now we are witnessing a paradigm shift toward cheaper and more abundant metals. Even though emissive complexes based on selected first-row transition metals have long been known, recent conceptual breakthroughs revealed that a much broader range of elements in different oxidation states are useable for this purpose. Coordination compounds of V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu now show electronically excited states with unexpected reactivity and photoluminescence behavior. Aside from providing a compact survey of the recent conceptual key advances in this dynamic field, our Perspective identifies the main design strategies that enabled the discovery of fundamentally new types of 3d-metal-based luminophores and photosensitizers operating in solution at room temperature.
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Abderrazak Y, Bhattacharyya A, Reiser O. Durch sichtbares Licht induzierte Homolyse unedler, gut verfügbarer Metallsubstratkomplexe: Eine komplementäre Aktivierungsstrategie in der Photoredoxkatalyse. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202100270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Youssef Abderrazak
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Regensburg Universitätsstraße 31 93053 Regensburg Deutschland
| | - Aditya Bhattacharyya
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Regensburg Universitätsstraße 31 93053 Regensburg Deutschland
| | - Oliver Reiser
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Regensburg Universitätsstraße 31 93053 Regensburg Deutschland
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8
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Abderrazak Y, Bhattacharyya A, Reiser O. Visible-Light-Induced Homolysis of Earth-Abundant Metal-Substrate Complexes: A Complementary Activation Strategy in Photoredox Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:21100-21115. [PMID: 33599363 PMCID: PMC8519011 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202100270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The mainstream applications of visible-light photoredox catalysis predominately involve outer-sphere single-electron transfer (SET) or energy transfer (EnT) processes of precious metal RuII or IrIII complexes or of organic dyes with low photostability. Earth-abundant metal-based Mn Ln -type (M=metal, Ln =polydentate ligands) complexes are rapidly evolving as alternative photocatalysts as they offer not only economic and ecological advantages but also access to the complementary inner-sphere mechanistic modes, thereby transcending their inherent limitations of ultrashort excited-state lifetimes for use as effective photocatalysts. The generic process, termed visible-light-induced homolysis (VLIH), entails the formation of suitable light-absorbing ligated metal-substrate complexes (Mn Ln -Z; Z=substrate) that can undergo homolytic cleavage to generate Mn-1 Ln and Z. for further transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youssef Abderrazak
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Aditya Bhattacharyya
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Reiser
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
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9
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Lauenstein R, Mader SL, Derondeau H, Esezobor OZ, Block M, Römer AJ, Jandl C, Riedle E, Kaila VRI, Hauer J, Thyrhaug E, Hess CR. The central role of the metal ion for photoactivity: Zn- vs. Ni-Mabiq. Chem Sci 2021; 12:7521-7532. [PMID: 34163843 PMCID: PMC8171322 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc06096h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Photoredox catalysts are integral components of artificial photosystems, and have recently emerged as powerful tools for catalysing numerous organic reactions. However, the development of inexpensive and efficient earth-abundant photoredox catalysts remains a challenge. We here present the photochemical and photophysical properties of a Ni–Mabiq catalyst ([NiII(Mabiq)]OTf (1); Mabiq = 2-4:6-8-bis(3,3,4,4-tetramethyldihydropyrrolo)-10-15-(2,2-biquinazolino)-[15]-1,3,5,8,10,14-hexaene1,3,7,9,11,14-N6)—and of a Zn-containing analogue ([ZnII(Mabiq)OTf] (2))—using steady state and time resolved optical spectroscopy, time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations, and reactivity studies. The Ni and Zn complexes exhibit similar absorption spectra, but markedly different photochemical properties. These differences arise because the excited states of 2 are ligand-localized, whereas metal-centered states account for the photoactivity of 1. The distinct properties of the Ni and Zn complexes are manifest in their behavior in the photo-driven aza-Henry reaction and oxidative coupling of methoxybenzylamine. The development of earth-abundant photoredox catalysts remains a challenge. Studies of Ni- and Zn-Mabiq complexes demonstrate how the coordinating metal ion influences the photochemistry, photodynamics and reactivity of photocatalysts.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Lauenstein
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747 Garching Germany
| | - Sophie L Mader
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747 Garching Germany
| | - Henrieta Derondeau
- Lehrstuhl für BioMolekulare Optik, Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Oettingenstr. 67 80538 Munich Germany
| | - Oaikhena Z Esezobor
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747 Garching Germany
| | - Matthias Block
- Lehrstuhl für BioMolekulare Optik, Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Oettingenstr. 67 80538 Munich Germany
| | - Armin J Römer
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747 Garching Germany
| | - Christian Jandl
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747 Garching Germany
| | - Eberhard Riedle
- Lehrstuhl für BioMolekulare Optik, Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Oettingenstr. 67 80538 Munich Germany
| | - Ville R I Kaila
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747 Garching Germany
| | - Jürgen Hauer
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747 Garching Germany
| | - Erling Thyrhaug
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747 Garching Germany
| | - Corinna R Hess
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747 Garching Germany
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10
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Bilger JB, Kerzig C, Larsen CB, Wenger OS. A Photorobust Mo(0) Complex Mimicking [Os(2,2'-bipyridine) 3] 2+ and Its Application in Red-to-Blue Upconversion. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:1651-1663. [PMID: 33434435 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c12805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Osmium(II) polypyridines are a well-known class of complexes with luminescent metal-to-ligand charge-transfer (MLCT) excited states that are currently experiencing a revival due to their application potential in organic photoredox catalysis, triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion, and phototherapy. At the same time, there is increased interest in the development of photoactive complexes made from Earth-abundant rather than precious metals. Against this background, we present a homoleptic Mo(0) complex with a new diisocyanide ligand exhibiting different bite angles and a greater extent of π-conjugation than previously reported related chelates. This new design leads to deep red emission, which is unprecedented for homoleptic arylisocyanide complexes of group 6 metals. With a 3MLCT lifetime of 56 ns, an emission band maximum at 720 nm, and a photoluminescence quantum yield of 1.5% in deaerated toluene at room temperature, the photophysical properties are reminiscent of the prototypical [Os(2,2'-bipyridine)3]2+ complex. Under 635 nm irradiation with a cw-laser, the new Mo(0) complex sensitizes triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion of 9,10-diphenylanthracene (DPA), resulting in delayed blue fluorescence with an anti-Stokes shift of 0.93 eV. The photorobustness of the Mo(0) complex and the upconversion quantum yield are high enough to generate a flux of upconverted light that can serve as a sufficiently potent irradiation source for a blue-light-driven photoisomerization reaction. These findings are relevant in the greater contexts of designing new luminophores and photosensitizers for use in red-light-driven photocatalysis, photochemical upconversion, light-harvesting, and phototherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob B Bilger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Kerzig
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christopher B Larsen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Oliver S Wenger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
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11
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Boyce SAJ, Moutet J, Niederegger L, Simler T, Nocton G, Hess CR. Influence of a Lanthanide Ion on the Ni Site of a Heterobimetallic 3d-4f Mabiq Complex. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:403-411. [PMID: 33319984 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c03058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This work presents the synthesis and characterization of a 3d-4f bimetallic complex based on the redox-active macrocyclic biquinazoline ligand, Mabiq. The mixed Yb-Ni complex, [(Cp*)2Yb(Mabiq)Ni]BArF (3), was synthesized upon reaction of [NiII(Mabiq)]BArF (2) with (Cp*)2YbII(OEt2). The molecular structures of 3 and its sister complex, [(Cp*)2Yb(Mabiq)Ni][(Cp*)2Yb(OTf)2] (1), confirmed the presence of a Yb(III) center and a reduced Ni-Mabiq unit. Spectroscopy (absorption and NMR), cyclic voltammetry, and magnetic susceptibility studies were employed to analyze the electronic structure of 3, which is best described by the [(Cp*)2YbIII(Mabiq•)NiII]+ formulation. Notably, the ligand-centered radical is delocalized over both the diketiminate and bipyrimidine units of the Mabiq ligand. The magnetic susceptibility and variable temperature NMR studies for 3 denote coupling between the Ni-Mabiq site and the peripheral Yb center-previously unobserved in 3d-3d Mabiq complexes. The complex nature of the exchange interactions is highlighted by the multiconfigurational ground state for 3, comprising nearly degenerate singlet and triplet states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart A J Boyce
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching, Germany.,School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Jules Moutet
- LCM, CNRS, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Route de Saclay, 91128 Cedex Palaiseau, France
| | - Lukas Niederegger
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Thomas Simler
- LCM, CNRS, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Route de Saclay, 91128 Cedex Palaiseau, France
| | - Grégory Nocton
- LCM, CNRS, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Route de Saclay, 91128 Cedex Palaiseau, France
| | - Corinna R Hess
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
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12
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Fan Q, Zhu L, Li X, Ren H, Zhu H, Wu G, Ding J. Visible-light photocatalytic selective oxidation of amine and sulfide with CsPbBr 3 as photocatalyst. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj02595c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Using CsPbBr3 as a visible-light catalyst, a facile protocol for photocatalytic oxidation of amines and sulfides is reported, generating aldehydes, imines and sulfoxide with excellent yields and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangwen Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment
- School of Chemistry, Biology and Materials Science
- East China University of Technology
- Nanchang
- China
| | - Longwei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment
- School of Chemistry, Biology and Materials Science
- East China University of Technology
- Nanchang
- China
| | - Xuhuai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment
- School of Chemistry, Biology and Materials Science
- East China University of Technology
- Nanchang
- China
| | - Huijun Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment
- School of Chemistry, Biology and Materials Science
- East China University of Technology
- Nanchang
- China
| | - Haibo Zhu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry, Biology and Materials Science
- East China University of Technology
- Nanchang
- China
| | - Guorong Wu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Polymer Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Devices
- East China University of Technology
- Nanchang
- China
| | - Jianhua Ding
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation
- East China University of Technology
- Nanchang
- China
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13
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Wenger OS. Photoactive Nickel Complexes in Cross‐Coupling Catalysis. Chemistry 2020; 27:2270-2278. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver S. Wenger
- Department of Chemistry University of Basel St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
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14
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Zheng L, Tao K, Guo W. Recent Developments in Photo‐Catalyzed/Promoted Synthesis of Indoles and Their Functionalization: Reactions and Mechanisms. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202001079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lvyin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Organo-pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province Gannan Normal University Ganzhou 341000 People's Republic of China
| | - Kailiang Tao
- Key Laboratory of Organo-pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province Gannan Normal University Ganzhou 341000 People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Organo-pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province Gannan Normal University Ganzhou 341000 People's Republic of China
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15
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Barham JP, König B. Synthetic Photoelectrochemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:11732-11747. [PMID: 31805216 PMCID: PMC7383880 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201913767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Photoredox catalysis (PRC) and synthetic organic electrochemistry (SOE) are often considered competing technologies in organic synthesis. Their fusion has been largely overlooked. We review state-of-the-art synthetic organic photoelectrochemistry, grouping examples into three categories: 1) electrochemically mediated photoredox catalysis (e-PRC), 2) decoupled photoelectrochemistry (dPEC), and 3) interfacial photoelectrochemistry (iPEC). Such synergies prove beneficial not only for synthetic "greenness" and chemical selectivity, but also in the accumulation of energy for accessing super-oxidizing or -reducing single electron transfer (SET) agents. Opportunities and challenges in this emerging and exciting field are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua P. Barham
- Universität RegensburgFakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie93040RegensburgGermany
| | - Burkhard König
- Universität RegensburgFakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie93040RegensburgGermany
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16
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Yu D, To WP, Tong GSM, Wu LL, Chan KT, Du L, Phillips DL, Liu Y, Che CM. Luminescent tungsten(vi) complexes as photocatalysts for light-driven C-C and C-B bond formation reactions. Chem Sci 2020; 11:6370-6382. [PMID: 32874518 PMCID: PMC7448528 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc01340d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The realization of photocatalysis for practical synthetic application hinges on the development of inexpensive photocatalysts which can be prepared on a large scale. Herein an air-stable, visible-light-absorbing photoluminescent tungsten(vi) complex which can be conveniently prepared at the gram-scale is described. This complex could catalyse photochemical organic transformation reactions including borylation of aryl halides, such as aryl chloride, reductive coupling of benzyl bromides for C-C bond formation, reductive coupling of phenacyl bromides, and decarboxylative coupling of redox-active esters of alkyl carboxylic acid with high product yields and broad functional group tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daohong Yu
- Department of Chemistry , Southern University of Science and Technology , Shenzhen , Guangdong 518055 , China .
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials , Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China
| | - Wai-Pong To
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials , Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China
| | - Glenna So Ming Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials , Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China
| | - Liang-Liang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials , Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China
| | - Kaai-Tung Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials , Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China
| | - Lili Du
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials , Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China
| | - David Lee Phillips
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials , Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China
| | - Yungen Liu
- Department of Chemistry , Southern University of Science and Technology , Shenzhen , Guangdong 518055 , China .
| | - Chi-Ming Che
- Department of Chemistry , Southern University of Science and Technology , Shenzhen , Guangdong 518055 , China .
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials , Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China
- HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation Shenzhen , Guangdong 518055 , China
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17
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua P. Barham
- Universität Regensburg Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
| | - Burkhard König
- Universität Regensburg Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
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18
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Glaser F, Wenger OS. Recent progress in the development of transition-metal based photoredox catalysts. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.213129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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19
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Xia S, Hu K, Lei C, Jin J. Intramolecular Aromatic C–H Acyloxylation Enabled by Iron Photocatalysis. Org Lett 2020; 22:1385-1389. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Xia
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 20032, China
| | - Kunjun Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 20032, China
| | - Chuanhu Lei
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jian Jin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 20032, China
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20
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Toda Y, Tanaka K, Matsuda R, Suga H. Visible-light-triggered Catalytic Halohydrin Synthesis from Epoxides and Trichloroacetonitrile by Copper and Iron Salts. CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.190679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasunori Toda
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Shinshu University, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano 380-8553, Japan
| | - Katsumi Tanaka
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Shinshu University, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano 380-8553, Japan
| | - Riki Matsuda
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Shinshu University, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano 380-8553, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Suga
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Shinshu University, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano 380-8553, Japan
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21
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Herr P, Glaser F, Büldt LA, Larsen CB, Wenger OS. Long-Lived, Strongly Emissive, and Highly Reducing Excited States in Mo(0) Complexes with Chelating Isocyanides. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:14394-14402. [PMID: 31464429 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b07373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Newly discovered tris(diisocyanide)molybdenum(0) complexes are Earth-abundant isoelectronic analogues of the well-known class of [Ru(α-diimine)3]2+ compounds with long-lived 3MLCT (metal-to-ligand charge transfer) excited states that lead to rich photophysics and photochemistry. Depending on ligand design, luminescence quantum yields up to 0.20 and microsecond excited state lifetimes are achieved in solution at room temperature, both significantly better than those for [Ru(2,2'-bipyridine)3]2+. The excited Mo(0) complexes can induce chemical reactions that are thermodynamically too demanding for common precious metal-based photosensitizers, including the widely employed fac-[Ir(2-phenylpyridine)3] complex, as demonstrated on a series of light-driven aryl-aryl coupling reactions. The most robust Mo(0) complex exhibits stable photoluminescence and remains photoactive after continuous irradiation exceeding 2 months. Our comprehensive optical spectroscopic and photochemical study shows that Mo(0) complexes with diisocyanide chelate ligands constitute a new family of luminophores and photosensitizers, which is complementary to precious metal-based 4d6 and 5d6 complexes and represents an alternative to nonemissive Fe(II) compounds. This is relevant in the greater context of sustainable photophysics and photochemistry, as well as for possible applications in lighting, sensing, and catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Herr
- Department of Chemistry , University of Basel , St. Johanns-Ring 19 , 4056 Basel , Switzerland
| | - Felix Glaser
- Department of Chemistry , University of Basel , St. Johanns-Ring 19 , 4056 Basel , Switzerland
| | - Laura A Büldt
- Department of Chemistry , University of Basel , St. Johanns-Ring 19 , 4056 Basel , Switzerland
| | - Christopher B Larsen
- Department of Chemistry , University of Basel , St. Johanns-Ring 19 , 4056 Basel , Switzerland
| | - Oliver S Wenger
- Department of Chemistry , University of Basel , St. Johanns-Ring 19 , 4056 Basel , Switzerland
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22
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Traub L, Reiser O. Homogeneous visible light mediated transition metal catalysis other than Ruthenium and Iridium. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2017-0172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The field of photoredox chemistry is dominated by ruthenium- or iridium based metal complexes or organic dyes that are employed as catalysts. Other metal based coordination compounds provide a cost efficient alternative, however, the much shorter excited lifetimes generally observed for such complexes make their application more challenging. Nevertheless, a growing number of successful examples with metal complexes based on chromium, iron, nickel, zirconium, cerium, rhenium, platinum, uranium, and especially on copper exist, which is being reviewed in this chapter.
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23
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Mandal T, Das S, De Sarkar S. Nickel(II) Tetraphenylporphyrin as an Efficient Photocatalyst Featuring Visible Light Promoted Dual Redox Activities. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201801737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tanumoy Mandal
- Department of Chemical SciencesIndian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Mohanpur- 741246, West Bengal India
| | - Sanju Das
- Department of Chemical SciencesIndian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Mohanpur- 741246, West Bengal India
| | - Suman De Sarkar
- Department of Chemical SciencesIndian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Mohanpur- 741246, West Bengal India
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24
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van Leeuwen T, Buzzetti L, Perego LA, Melchiorre P. A Redox-Active Nickel Complex that Acts as an Electron Mediator in Photochemical Giese Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:4953-4957. [PMID: 30747467 PMCID: PMC6519288 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201814497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We report a simple protocol for the photochemical Giese addition of C(sp3 )-centered radicals to a variety of electron-poor olefins. The chemistry does not require external photoredox catalysts. Instead, it harnesses the excited-state reactivity of 4-alkyl-1,4-dihydropyridines (4-alkyl-DHPs) to generate alkyl radicals. Crucial for reactivity is the use of a catalytic amount of Ni(bpy)3 2+ (bpy=2,2'-bipyridyl), which acts as an electron mediator to facilitate the redox processes involving fleeting and highly reactive intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas van Leeuwen
- ICIQ—Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia the Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyAvenida Països Catalans 1643007TarragonaSpain
| | - Luca Buzzetti
- IIT—Istituto Italiano di TecnologiaLaboratory of Asymmetric Catalysis and Photochemistryvia Morego 3016163GenoaItaly
| | - Luca Alessandro Perego
- ICIQ—Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia the Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyAvenida Països Catalans 1643007TarragonaSpain
| | - Paolo Melchiorre
- ICREA—Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced StudiesPasseig Lluís Companys 2308010BarcelonaSpain
- IIT—Istituto Italiano di TecnologiaLaboratory of Asymmetric Catalysis and Photochemistryvia Morego 3016163GenoaItaly
- ICIQ—Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia the Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyAvenida Països Catalans 1643007TarragonaSpain
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25
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van Leeuwen T, Buzzetti L, Perego LA, Melchiorre P. A Redox‐Active Nickel Complex that Acts as an Electron Mediator in Photochemical Giese Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201814497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas van Leeuwen
- ICIQ—Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Avenida Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Luca Buzzetti
- IIT—Istituto Italiano di TecnologiaLaboratory of Asymmetric Catalysis and Photochemistry via Morego 30 16163 Genoa Italy
| | - Luca Alessandro Perego
- ICIQ—Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Avenida Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Paolo Melchiorre
- ICREA—Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies Passeig Lluís Companys 23 08010 Barcelona Spain
- IIT—Istituto Italiano di TecnologiaLaboratory of Asymmetric Catalysis and Photochemistry via Morego 30 16163 Genoa Italy
- ICIQ—Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Avenida Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
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26
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Nitelet A, Thevenet D, Schiavi B, Hardouin C, Fournier J, Tamion R, Pannecoucke X, Jubault P, Poisson T. Copper-Photocatalyzed Borylation of Organic Halides under Batch and Continuous-Flow Conditions. Chemistry 2019; 25:3262-3266. [PMID: 30600852 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201806345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The copper-photocatalyzed borylation of aryl, heteroaryl, vinyl and alkyl halides (I and Br) was reported. The reaction proceeded using a new heteroleptic Cu complex under irradiation with blue LEDs, giving the corresponding boronic-acid esters in good to excellent yields. The reaction was extended to continuous-flow conditions to allow an easy scale-up. The mechanism of the reaction was studied and a mechanism based on a reductive quenching (CuI /CuI */Cu0 ) was suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Nitelet
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Damien Thevenet
- Industrial Research Centre-, Oril Industrie, CS 60125, 76210, Bolbec, France
| | - Bruno Schiavi
- Industrial Research Centre-, Oril Industrie, CS 60125, 76210, Bolbec, France
| | - Christophe Hardouin
- Industrial Research Centre-, Oril Industrie, CS 60125, 76210, Bolbec, France
| | - Jean Fournier
- Industrial Research Centre-, Oril Industrie, CS 60125, 76210, Bolbec, France
| | - Rodolphe Tamion
- Industrial Research Centre-, Oril Industrie, CS 60125, 76210, Bolbec, France
| | - Xavier Pannecoucke
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Philippe Jubault
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Thomas Poisson
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000, Rouen, France.,Institut Universitaire de France, 1 rue Descartes, 75231, Paris, France
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27
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Li Y, Zhou K, Wen Z, Cao S, Shen X, Lei M, Gong L. Copper(II)-Catalyzed Asymmetric Photoredox Reactions: Enantioselective Alkylation of Imines Driven by Visible Light. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:15850-15858. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b09251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Kexu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Zhaorui Wen
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Shi Cao
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Xiang Shen
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Meng Lei
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Lei Gong
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
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28
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Abstract
In this invited Perspective, recent developments and possible future directions of research on photoactive coordination compounds made from nonprecious transition metal elements will be discussed. The focus is on conceptually new, structurally well-characterized complexes with excited-state lifetimes between 10 ps and 1 ms in fluid solution for possible applications in photosensitizing, light-harvesting, luminescence and catalysis. The key metal elements considered herein are Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Zr, Mo, W and Ce in various oxidation states equipped with diverse ligands, giving access to long-lived excited states via a range of fundamentally different types of electronic transitions. Research performed in this area over the past five years demonstrated that a much broader spectrum of metal complexes than what was long considered relevant exhibits useful photophysics and photochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver S Wenger
- Department of Chemistry , University of Basel , St. Johanns-Ring 19 , 4056 Basel , Switzerland
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29
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Shen X, Li Y, Wen Z, Cao S, Hou X, Gong L. A chiral nickel DBFOX complex as a bifunctional catalyst for visible-light-promoted asymmetric photoredox reactions. Chem Sci 2018; 9:4562-4568. [PMID: 29899949 PMCID: PMC5969497 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc01219a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The enantioselective photoredox reaction of α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds and tertiary/secondary α-silylamines was enabled by a readily available single NiII-DBFOX catalyst (DBFOX = 4,6-bis((R)-4-phenyl-4,5-dihydrooxazol-2-yl)dibenzo[b,d]furan) under visible light conditions. The non-precious chiral catalyst is involved in the photochemical process to initiate single electron transfer and at the same time provides a well-organized chiral environment for the subsequent radical transformations. Good to excellent enantioselectivities (80-99% ee) were obtained for the formation of chiral γ-amino carboxylic acid derivatives and γ-lactams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Shen
- Department of Chemistry , Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province , iChEM , College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Xiamen University , Xiamen , 361005 , China .
| | - Yanjun Li
- Department of Chemistry , Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province , iChEM , College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Xiamen University , Xiamen , 361005 , China .
| | - Zhaorui Wen
- Department of Chemistry , Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province , iChEM , College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Xiamen University , Xiamen , 361005 , China .
| | - Shi Cao
- Department of Chemistry , Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province , iChEM , College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Xiamen University , Xiamen , 361005 , China .
| | - Xinyi Hou
- Department of Chemistry , Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province , iChEM , College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Xiamen University , Xiamen , 361005 , China .
| | - Lei Gong
- Department of Chemistry , Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province , iChEM , College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Xiamen University , Xiamen , 361005 , China .
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30
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Structural Characterization and Photochemical Properties of Mono- and Bimetallic Cu-Mabiq Complexes. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:6401-6409. [PMID: 29767971 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We present a series of monometallic ([Cu(Mabiq)OTf] (1) and [Cu(Mabiq)] (2)) and bimetallic copper-Mabiq complexes ([Cu2(Mabiq)(PPh3)2(OTf)2] (3) and [Cu2(Mabiq)(PPh3)2]PF6 (4)). The latter compounds contain an additional CuI center that binds in a tetrahedral fashion to the external bipyrimidine nitrogens of the macrocyclic ligand. Compounds 3 and 4 represent the first examples of bimetallic transition metal Mabiq complexes, stable both in solution and in the solid state. The structural and electronic properties of compounds 1-4 were analyzed by means of X-ray crystallography, cyclic voltammetry, and spectroscopic methods. One-electron reduced 2 and 4 consist of a CuII ion coordinated by a Mabiq ligand radical, [CuII(Mabiq•)]. Thus, both bimetallic compounds are mixed-valent with respect to the copper oxidation states. Complexes 2 and 4 can be generated photochemically, upon irradiation of 1 or 3 with visible light in the presence of a sacrificial electron donor.
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